考研英语（二）模拟试卷116

考研英语（二）模拟试卷116

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Doyouwakeupeverydayfeelingtootired,orevenupset?Ifso,thenanewalarmclock

couldbejustforyou.Theclock,calledSleepSmart,measuresyoursleepcycle,andwaits

[Cl]youtobeinyourlightestphaseofsleep[C2]rousingyou.Its

makerssaythatshould[C3]youwakeupfeelingrefreshedeverymorning.As

yousleepyoupass[C4]asequenceofsleepstates-lightsleep,deepsleepand

REM（rapideyemovement）sleep-that[C5]approximatelyevery90minutes.

Thepointinthatcycleatwhichyouwakecan[C6]howyoufeellater,andmay

[C7]haveagreaterimpactthanhowmuchorlittleyouhaveslept.Being

rousedduringalightphase[C8]youaremorelikelytowakeupenergetic.

SleepSmart[C9]thedistinctpatternofbrainwaves[CIO]during

eachphaseofsleep,viaaheadbandequipped[Cl1]electrodes（电极）anda

microprocessor.Thismeasurestheelectricalactivityofthewearer'sbrain,inmuchthe

[C12]wayassomemachinesusedformedicalandresearch[C13],

andcommunicateswirelesslywithaclockunitnearthebed.You[04]the

clockwiththelatesttimeat[C15]youwanttobewakened,andit[C16]

duly（适时上也）wakesyouduringthelastlightsleepphasebeforethat.The

[CI7]wasinventedbyagroupofstudentsatBrownUniversityinRhode

Island[C18]afriendcomplainedofwakinguptiredandperformingpoorlyon

atest.[C19]sleep-deprivedpeopleourselves,westartedthinkingof[C20]

todoaboutit,"saysEricShashoua,arecentcollegegraduateandnowchief

executiveofficerofAxonSleepResearchLaboratories,acompanycreatedbythe

studentstodeveloptheiridea.

1、[Cl]

A、beside

B、near

C>for

D、around

标准答案：C

知识点解析：固定搭配。wait为不及物动词，waitfor是固定搭配，意为“等待”，

waitforsb.todosth.意为“等待某人做某事

2、[C2]

A、upon

B、before

C、towards

D、till

标准答案：B

知识点解析：上下文逻辑。空格前提到，SleepSmart等到人们进入最浅睡眠阶段，

而空格后提到SleepSmarl将人们唤醒。根据逻辑可以推断，闹钟应该是等到人们

进入最浅睡眠阶段后才唤醒人，故B项before为正确答案。

3、[C3]

A、ensure

assure

C、require

D、request

标准答案：A

知识点解析：动词辨析。本句的意思是“制造商承诺它会让你每天早晨醒来都会感

觉精神振作ensure”保证，确保”，强调使某一行为或结果得以确保，符合语境，

故A项为正确答案。assure意为“使确信；向……保证”，着重指信心；require意为

“需要，要求”,request意为“请求，要求

4、[C4]

A、through

B、into

C、about

D、on

标准答案：A

知识点解析：固定搭配。pass【hrough为固定搭配，意为“经历”。本句是说“人们睡

觉时经历几个睡眠阶段”。pass不能与about和into构成搭配；passon意为“传授，

传递“，不符合题意。

5、[C5]

A、reveals

B、reverses

C、resumes

D、repeats

标准答案：D

知识点解析：动词辨析。只有repeat能够更好地贴合句意，“这些睡眠阶段每90分

钟重复一次“，而且后面一句inthatcycle也暗示前面提及的现象是一个循环过程，

故D项为正确答案。reveal意为“揭示,显示”,reverse意为“反转，颠倒”,resume

意为“（中断后）重新开始，恢复

6、[C6]

A、effect

B、affect

C^reflect

D、perfect

标准答案：B

知识点解析：动词辨析。本句中，howyoufeellater和haveagreaterimpact是并列

的谓语成分，因此所选的动词应该和impact具有相近的意思，B项affect意为影

响“，符合语境，为正确答案。effect作动词时表示“实现，使生效"，reflect意为

“反映，反射“，perfect作动词时表示“使完美”，均不符合题意。

7、[C7]

A^already

B>ever

C、never

D^even

标准答案：D

知识点解析：上下文逻辑。经过对howyoufeellater和andmayhavea

greaterimpactthan…的综合分析,尤其是haveagreaterimpactthan…可知,后者程

度进一步递增，D项even“甚至”表示递进，符合语境，为正确答案。

8、[C8]

A、means

B、marks

C、says

D、dictates

标准答案：A

知识点解析：动词辨析。本句的意思是“浅睡状态下被叫醒更有可能意味着醒来后

精力充沛”。A项mean意为“意味着”，符合语境，为正确答案。mark意为“作记号

于，标明“，say意为“说“，dictate意为“口授，口述”，均不符合题意。

9、(C9J

A、removes

B、relieves

C、records

D、recalls

标准答案：c

知识点解析：动词辨析。所填词应该和paltem构成搭配，四个选项中只有C项

records"记录”能与pattern构成搭配，故为正确答案。remove意为“移开；除去”，

relieve意为“减轻,缓解“，recall意为“回忆起；召回“，均不符合题意。

10、[C10]

A、proceeded

B、produced

C、pronounced

D、progressed

标准答案：B

知识点解析：动词辨析。duringeachphaseofsleep作后置定语修饰brainwaves,

brainwaves作所填词的逻辑宾语。故首先可以排除不及物动词proceed“继续进行”

和progress”进步，前进"，pronounce”发音；宣布''虽可作及物动词，但是不能用

brainwaves作宾语。只有produce”生产，产生”能与brainwaves构成搭配，故B项

为正确答案。

11、[CU]

A、by

B、of

C>with

D、over

标准答案：C

知识点解析：固定搭配。equip…with为固定搭配，意为“用……装备；使具备”，

其他三项均不能与equip构成搭配，故C项为正确答案。

12、[CI2]

A、familiar

B、similar

C、identical

D、same

标准答案：D

知识点解析：固定搭配，thesame…as为固定搭配,意为“和...一样”，其他三项

均不能与as构成搭配，故D项为正确答案。familiar意为“熟悉的"，similar意为

“相似的“，identical意为“相同的，相等的”。

13、[C13]

A、findings

B、prospects

C、proposals

D、purposes

标准答案：D

知识点解析：固定搭配。foj.purpose为固定搭配，意为“为了……的目的"，故D

项为正确答案。finding意为“发现；（调查、研究的）结果案prospect意为“前景,前

途”，proposal意为“建议

14、[C14]

A、prompt

B、program

C、plug

D、plan

标准答案：B

知识点解析：动词辨析。本句句意是“你把闹钟调到你想要被叫醒的最近的时间”。

program…with为习惯表达，意为“为……编制/设定（程序等广，故B项为正确答

案。prompt意为“促使,推动"；plug意为“塞住；接通电源”;plan意为“计划二

般不能和with连用。

15、[C15]

A、where

B、this

C^which

D、that

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语法结构。分析句子结构可知，atyouwanttobewakened是一

个定语从句，修饰前面的thelatesttime。句中需要填一个关系代词作at的宾语，

介词之后只能用which而不能用that,所以C项为正确答案。

16、[C16]

A、then

B、also

C、almost

D、yet

标准答案：A

知识点解析：副词辨析。根据位于句首用来承上启下的连词and和空格后的副词

duly可以推断，所填词应表示顺承关系的副词，故正确答案为A项then“然后，于

是

17、[C17]

A、claim

conclusion

C>concept

D、explanation

标准答案：C

知识点解析：名词辨析二所填词作invented的宾语，是对前面内容的概括，前面说

明了SleepSmart的设计原理和作用，C项concept“概念”最符合语境，故为正确答

案。claim意为“要求；声称"，conclusion意为“结论"，explanalion意为“解释”，均

不能作invented的宾语。

18、[C18]

A、once

after

C、since

D、while

标准答案：B

知识点解析：上下文逻辑。空格前讲一群学生首创了这一概念，空格后讲一个朋友

抱怨醒来时感到疲惫，并且考试的表现很差，因此所填词应为表示时间先后的连

词，故B项正确。since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状语时主句要用完成时。

19、[C19]

A、Besides

B、Despite

C、To

D、As

标准答案：D

知识点解析：介词辨析。根据句中的ourselves和下句中的we可以推断选as,as作

介词时意为“作为本句的意思是“我们这些睡眠不足的人，开始考虑对它该做点

什么了。”

20>[C201

A、what

B、how

C、whether

D、when

标准答案：A

知识点解析：语法结构。todoaboutil作ihinkingof的宾语，并且所填词作

do的宾语，只有what符合要求，故A项为正确答案。

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共20题，每题1.0

分,共20分。)

Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,but

—regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't—wewon'tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoverit

andmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.

Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyare

tobeobserved.AlGorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth,"asifmerely

recognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Butiherealtruthisthatwcdon'tknow

enoughtorelieveglobalwarming,and—withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs一

wecan'tdomuchaboutit.From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojectedto

growfrom6.4billionto9.1billion,a42%increase.Ifenergyuseperpersonand

technologyremainthesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissions(mainly,

CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.BuiIhafstoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricher

usemoreenergy.Weneedeconomicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheir

presentpovertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energy

useandgreenhouseemissionsmorethandoubleby2050.Nogovernmentwilladoptrigid

restrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedom(limitsonelectricityusage,

drivingandtravel)thatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshow

they're"doingsomething."ConsidertheKyotoProtoco(京都协定书).Ilallowed

countriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedCO2emissions(up

about25%since1990),andmanysignatories(签字国)didn'tadoptloughenoughpolicies

tohittheir2008—2012targets.Thepracticalconclusionisthatifglobalwarmingisa

potentialdisaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchand

developmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsor

dealingwithit.Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoral

problemwhenit'sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedont

solvetheengineeringproblem,werehelpless.

21、Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?

A、Itmaynotproveanenvironmentalcrisisatall.

B、Itisanissuerequiringworldwidecommitments.

C、Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.

D、Verylittlewillbedonetobringitundercontrol.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：判断题。艰据题干将本题定位到文章首段。该段首句提到，不管全球

变暖是否是21世纪最大的环境危机，我们都不会为之付出太多。D项与第二个破

折号后的句子wewon'tdomuchaboutit意思一致，故为正确答案。

22、Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstanding,whatisAlGore'sviewonglobal

wanning?

A、Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.

B、Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.

C^Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.

D、Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。第二段首句中AlGore表明了自己对全球变暖的观点：

globalwarmingant4inconvcnicnttrutir,,(全球变暖是一个“不愿面对的真相”)，其后

merelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution为作者对AlGore的观点的理

解，即：好像仅仅认识到全球变暖便能找到解决之道似的。故C项为正确答案。

23、Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof.

A、economicgrowth

B、wastefuluseofenergy

C、thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoor

D^therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology

标准答案：A〜

知识点解析；细节题。根据关键词2050定位到第三段。该段对温室气体的排放量

做了预测：如果人均能源消耗和技术水平维持现状，到2050年，能源消耗总量和

温室气体排放量将会增加42%,接着转折，指出这只是保守估计，实际数字将会

翻番(double),而造成这一数据上升的原因是我们需要经济增长(weneedeconomic

growth),故A项为正确答案。

24、Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,.

A、politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation

fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse

C、reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwanning

D、internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvironmentalproblems

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。艰据关键词KyoloProlocol定位到第四段。该段首句提到，

没有任何政府会采取严格措施限制其国家经济增长和个人使用能源的自由以缓解全

球变暖，末句提到《京都协议书》并没有减少二氧化碳的排放量，很多签署国没有

制定严格的政策，故B项为正确答案。

25、Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?

A、Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.

B、Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.

C、Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.

D、Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：主旨题。作者第一段提出问题：面对全球变暖，我们将无能为力。第

二段中作者谈到认火到3一问题并不代表找到解决方案，然后提出论点：and-

withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs—wecan，Idomuchaboutit.（没有重大的技

术突破，我们仍将无能为力）。第三段讲到全球变暖的原因：人口增长和经济发

展，并预测未来发展趋势。第四段说明政府行为收效甚微。第五段和第六段重申论

点：Iheonlysolutionisnewtechnology（解决问题的唯一办法就是新技术）。B项是对

全文的高度概括，与作者论点相同，故为正确答案。

Arecentstudy,whichwaspublishedinlastweek'sJournaloftheAmericanMedical

Association,offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfromateenagedriver.Indeed,a

16-ycar-olddriverwiththreeormorepassengersisthreetimesaslikelytohaveafatal

accidentasateenagerdrivingalone.Bycontrast,theriskofdeathforthedriversbetween

30and59decreaseswitheachadditionalpassenger.Theauthorsalsofoundthatthedeath

ratesforteenagedriversincreaseddramaticallyafter10p.m.,andespeciallyafter

midnight.Withpassengersinthecar,thedriverwasevenmorelikelytodieinalate-

nightaccident.RobertFoss,ascientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighway

SafetyResearchCenter,saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershavelesstodo

with"reallystupidbehavior"thanwithjustalackofdrivingexperience."Thebasic

issue"hesays,"isthatadultswhoareresponsibleforissuinglicensesfailtorecognize

howcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis."Bothheandtheauthorofthestudybelieve

thatthewaytomitigate（使...缓解）theproblemistohavestatesinstituteso-called

graduatedlicensingsystems,inwhichgettingalicenseisamultistageprocess.A

graduatedlicenserequiresthatateenagershouldfirstprovehimselfcapableofdrivingin

thepresenceofanadult,followedbyaperiodofdrivingwithnightorpassenger

restrictions,beforegraduatingtofulldrivingprivileges.Graduatedlicensingsystems

havereducedteenagedrivercrashes,accordingtorecentstudies.Abouthalfofthestates

nowhavesomesortofgraduatedlicensingsysteminplace,butonly10ofthosestates

haverestrictionsonpassengers.Californiaisthestrictest,withanovice（新手）driver

prohibitedfromcarryinganypassengerunder20（withoutthepresenceofanadultover

25）forthefirstsixmonths.

26、Whichofthefollowingsituationsismostdangerousaccordingtothepassage?

A、Adultsgivingalifttoteenagersonthehighwayafter10p.m.

B、Ateenagerdrivingaftermidnightwithpassengersinthecar.

C、Adultsdrivingwiththreeormoreteenagepassengerslateatnight.

D、Ateenagergettingaliftfromastrangeronthehighwayatmidnight.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。第一段第二句指出，一辆由十六岁少年驾驶的载有三个或更

多乘客的汽车发生致命交通事故的概率是该少年单独驾车的三倍。第二段接着说

thedeathrateforteenagedriversincreaseddramaticallyafter10p.m.,andespecially

aftermidnight（十几岁少年驾车的死亡率在晚上十点以后特别是午夜以后会有显著.

的增加）。由此可确定B项为正确答案。

27>AccordingtoRobertFoss,thehighdeathrateofteenagedriversismainlydue

to.

A、theirfrequentdrivingatnight

R、theirimproperwayofdriving

C>theirlackofdrivingexperience

D、theirdrivingwithpassengers

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。本题的答题依据在第三段。Robert说，thehigherdeathrates

forteenagedrivershavehsstodowitht4reallystupidbehavior^thanwithjustalackof

drivingexperience.（十几岁少年驾车的高死亡率与其说是极度愚蠢的行为所致，不

如说是缺少驾驶经验所致）。据此可以确定C项为正确答案。

28、AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A、Teenagersshouldspendmoretimelearningtodrive.

B、Drivingisaskilltoocomplicatedforteenagerstolearn.

C^Restrictionsshouldbeimposedonteenagersapplyingtotakedrivinglessons.

D、Thelicensingauthoritiesarepartlyresponsiblefbrteenagers,drivingaccidents.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：判断题。艰据第三段最后一句Thebasicissueisthatadultswhoare

responsibleforissuinglicensesfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilledataskdriving

is.（根本问题是负责颁发驾照的成年人没有认识到驾驶是一件复杂而需要技巧的任

务）可知，发放驾照的部门应对年轻人的驾驶事故承担部分的责任，故D项为正确

答案。

29、Asuggestedmeasuretobetakentoreduceteenagers*drivingaccidentsis

that.

A、drivinginthepresenceofanadultshouldbemadearule

B、theyshouldbeprohibitedfromtakingonpassengers

C、theyshouldnotbeallowedtodriveafter10p.m.

D>thelicensingsystemshouldbeimproved

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理题。本题的答题依据在第四段。该段第一句作为主题句给出“解

决办法”----thewaytomitigatetheproblemistohavestatesinstituteso-called

graduatedlicensingsystemso接着，该段就graduatedlicensingsystems的内容分两点

进行了阐述（first…,followedby...）o由此可知，graduatedlicensingsystems是对原

有发照制度的逐渐完善，D项为正确答案。

3。、Ihepresentsituationinabouthalfofthestatesisthatthegraduatedlicensing

system.

A、isunderdiscussion

B、isabouttobesetup

C、hasbeenputintoeffect

D、hasbeenperfected

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。本题的答题依据在文章最后一段。该段着重讨论gradualed

licensingsystem产生的效果。文章说到大约半数的州havesomesortofgraduated

licensingsysteminplace（建立了某种分级驾照制度），但执行的力度有所不同。据

此，可以确定C项为正确答案。

Imaginewakingupandfindingthevalueofyourassetshasbeenhalved.No,you'renot

aninvestorinoneofthosehedgefunds（对冲基金）thatfailedcompletely.Withthedollar

slumpingtoa26-yearlowagainstthepound,already-expensiveLondonhasbecome

quiteunaffordable.AcoffeeatStarbucks,justasunavoidableinEnglandasitisinthe

UnitedStates,runsabout$8.Theonceall-powerfuldollarisn'tdoingaTitanicagainst

justthepound.Itissittingatarecordlowagainsttheeuroandata30-yearlowagainst

theCanadiandollar.EventheArgentinepesoandBrazilianrealarethrivingagainstthe

dollar.Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation（屈辱）,foranation'sself-esteemrests

inpartonthestrengthofitscurrency.It'salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sincea

decliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureon

interestrates.AndyettherearcsubstantialsectorsofthevastU.S.economy-from

giantcompanieslikeCoca-Colatomom-and-poprestaurantoperatorsinMiami—for

whichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews.ManyEuropeansmayviewtheU.S.asan

arrogantsuperpowerthathasbecomehostiletoforeigners.Butnothingmakespeople

thinkmorewarmlyoftheU.S.thanaweakdollar.ThroughApril,thetotalnumberof

visitorsfromabroadwasup6.8percentfromlastyear.Shouldthetrendcontinue,the

numberoftouriststhisyearwillfinallytopthe2000peak.ManyEuropeansnow

apparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico——asacheapplaceto

vacation,shopandparty,allwhileignoringthefactthatthepoorerlocalscan'taffordto

jointhemerrymaking.Themoneytouristsspendhelpsdecreaseourchronictradedeficit.

Sodoexports,which,thanksinparttotheweakdollar,soared11percentbetweenMay

2006andMay2007.Forfirstfivemonthsof2007,thetradedeficitactuallyfell7percent

from2006.IfyouownsharesinlargeAmericancorporations,you'reawinnerinthe

weak-dollargamble.LastweekCoca-Cola'sstockbubbledtoafive-yearhighafterit

reportedafantasticquarter.Foreignsalesaccountedfor65percentofCoke'sbeverage（饮

M）business.OtherAmericancompaniesprofitingfromthistrendincludeMcDonald's

andIBM.Americantourists,however,shouldn'texpectanyreliefsoon.Thedollarlost

strengththewaymanymarriagesbreakup—slowly,andthenallatonce.And

currenciesdon'tturnonadime.Soifyouwanttoavoidthepaininflictedbythe

increasinglypatheticdollar,cancelthatsummervacationtoEnglandandlooktoNew

England.There,thedollarisstilltreatedwithalittlerespect.

31、WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?

AxTheireconomyisplunging（猛跌）.

B、Theircurrencyhasslumped.

C、Theycan'taffordtripstoEurope.

D、Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets.

标准答案：B

知识点解析•：细节题。第三段开头讲到美元的贬值是屈辱的来源，因为一个国家的

自尊部分在于货币的势能。换言之，美国人感觉屈辱是因为货币兑换过程中美元优

势已大不如前，故B项为正确答案。slump意为“大幅度下降，暴跌”。

32、HowdoesthecurrentdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?

A、TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEngland.

B、Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom-and-poprestaurants.

C>Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.

D、Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。第三段第二句提到美元贬值对经济的两个影响：进口食品价

格上涨；给利率施加了上涨的压力，故C项为正确答案。

33、HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.S.withthedevalueddollar?

A、Theyfecicunlciupluous（茴B视的）ofil.

B、Theyaresympatheticwithit.

C^Theyregarditasasuperpoweronthedecline.

D、Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。本题考查欧洲人对美元贬值后的美国的看法，从而将答案定

位到第四段。该段末句为欧洲人的观点：现在许多欧洲人明显把美国看成一个便宜

的度假、购物和开派对的地方，这说明欧洲人认为美国是他们比较理想的旅游目的

地，故D项为正确答案。

34、Whatistheauthor'sadvicetoAmericans?

A、Theytreatthedollarwithalittlerespect.

B、Theytrytowinintheweak-dollargamble.

C、Theyvacationathomeratherthanabroad.

D、Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore.

标准答案：c

知识点露析：细节题。面对美元贬值给美国人带来的民族自尊上的困扰，文章末段

给美国人提出建议：如果想避免美元所带来的痛楚，最好取消去英国的暑期度假计

划，改去新英格兰。换言之，就是取消去国外的旅行，转而在国内旅游，故C项

为正确答案。

35、Whatdocstheauthorimplybysaying"currenciesdon'tturnonadime"（Para.7）?

A、Thedollar'svaluewillnotincreaseintheshortterm.

Thevalueofadollarwillnotbereducedtoadime.

C、Ihedollar'svaluewilldrop,butwithinasmallmargin.

D、FewAmericanswillchangedollarsintoothercurrencies.

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：推理题。末段首句提到Americantourists不能指望soon（短期内）就有

relief的感觉，紧接着后面两句解释原因。第二句提到，美元失去强势地位就像婚

姻解体—先是慢慢地变化，然后一下子结束（暗示不会一朝一夕便有所恢复）。本

题考查的短语出现在第三句中，由And顺接，解释的是第二个原因。由首句的

soon及前句的语义推测，本句应该说的是美元的价值不会短期内就增长，故A项

为正确答案。

Habitsareafunnything.Wereachforthemmindlessly,settingourbrainsonauto-pilot

andrelaxingintotheunconsciouscomfortoffamiliarroutine."Notchoice,buthabitrules

theunreflectingherd,"WilliamWordsworthsaidinthe19thcentury.Inthecvcr-

changing21stcentury,eventheword"habit"caiTiesanegativeimplication.Soitseems

paradoxical（自相矛盾的）totalkabouthabitsinthesamecontextascreativityand

innovation.Butbrainresearchershavediscoveredthatwhenweconsciouslydevelopnew

habits,wecreateparallelpaths,andevenentirelynewbraincells,thatcanjumpourtrains

ofthoughtontonew,innovativetracks.Ratherthandismissingourselvesasunchangeable

creaturesofhabit,wecaninsteaddirectourownchangebyconsciouslydevelopingnew

habits.Infact,themorenewthingswetry—themorewestepoutsideourcomfortzone

—themoreinherentlycreativewebecome,bothintheworkplaceandinourpersonal

lives.Butdon'tbothertryingtokilloffoldhabits;oncethoserutsofprocedureareworn

intothebrain,they'retheretostay.Instead,thenewhabitswedeliberatelypressinto

ourselvescreateparallelpathwaysthatcanbypassthoseoldroads."Thefirstthing

neededforinnovationisafascination（迷恋）withwonder,"saysDawnaMarkova,author

ofTheOpenMind."Butwearetaughtinsteadto'decide,'justasourpresidentcalls

himself'theDecider'.MSheadds,however,that"todecideistokilloffallpossibilitiesbut

one.Agoodinnovationalthinkerisalwaysexploringthemanyotherpossibilities."Allof

usworkthroughproblemsinwaysofwhichwe'reunaware,shesays.Researchersinthe

late1960sdiscoveredthathumansarebornwiththecapacitytoapproachchallengesin

fourprimaryways:analytically,procedurally,relationally（orcollaboratively）and

innovatively.Attheendofadolescence,however,thebrainshutsdownhalfofthat

capacity,preservingonlythosemodesofthoughtthathaveseemedmostvaluableduring

thefirstdecadeorsooflife.Thecurrentemphasisonstandardizedtestinghighlights

analysisandprocedure,meaningthatfewofusinherentlyuseourinnovativeand

collaborativemodesofthought."ThisbreaksthemajorruleintheAmericanbelief

system—thatanyonecandoanything,"explainsM.J.Ryan,authorofthe2006book

ThisYearIWill...andMs.Markova'sbusinesspartner."That'saliethatwehave

perpetuated(保持)，anditfosterscommonness.Knowingwhatyou'regoodatanddoing

evenmoreofitcreatesexcellence."Thisiswheredevelopingnewhabitscomesin.

36、InWordsworth'sview,“habit"ischaracterizedbybeing.

A、casual

B、familiar

C、mechanical

D、changeable

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章首段有Wordsworlh的引言，从中可以看出其对习惯的

观点。引言中关键词unreflecting”缺乏思考的”以及引言前面文章中形容habits的

mindlessly”不经心地，无意识地“、auto—pilot”自动导航”和unconscious”无意识

的”等词均可以说明在Wordsworlh看来，习惯的特征是“不假思索的、机械的“，故

C项为正确答案。

37、Brainresearchershavediscoveredthattheformationofnewhabitcanbe.

A、predicted

B、regulated

C、traced

D、guided

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。取据关键词Brainresearchers定位到第二段第二句。该句的

意思是“大脑研究人员发现，当我们有意识地培养新习惯时，我们就能创造出平行

的思维路径，甚至是全新的脑细胞……”，由此可知新习惯的形成是可以引导的，

故D项为正确答案。第三段中的directourownchangebyconsciouslydeveloping

newhabits”有意识地培养新习惯来引导我们自身的变化”也可验证答案D的正确

性。

38、Theword"ruts'1(Line1,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto.

A、tracks

series

C、characteristics

D、connections

标准答案：A

知识点解析:词汇题。ruts出现在第四段第一句中，thoserutsofprocedure指的就

是上半句中的habitso本段第二句中ihoseoldroads也是thoserutsofprocedure的另

一种说法。由此可知，ruts的意思应该是“路径、路线、惯例”，故A项为正确答

案。

39、DawnaMarkovawouldmostprobablyagreethat.

A、ideasarebornofarelaxingmind

B、innovativenesscouldbetaught

C、decisivenessderivesfromfantasticideas

D、curiosityactivatescreativeminds

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。DawnaMarkova在第五段中出现，“Thefirstthingneededfor

innovationisafascinationwithwonder”即可说明Markova认为创新最需要的就是对

好奇的着迷，D项为此句的同义转述，为正确答案，

4。、Ryan'scommentssuggestthatthepracticeofstandardizedtesting.

A、preventsnewhabitsfrombeingformed

B、nolongeremphasizescommonness

C、maintainstheinherentAmericanthinkingmode

D、complieswiththeAmericanbeliefsystem

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理题。文章末段提到，人有四种思维模式，但标准化考试只侧重于

分析和程序式的思维模式，而忽视了创新和合作式的思维模式。而美国的信仰体系

是鼓励人们去创新的，鼓励人们充分发挥自己的潜力，创造卓越。文章最后一句

说，这正是培养新习惯的目的所在。可见，在Ryan看来，标准化考试不利于人们

形成新习惯，不利于人们创造力的发挥。故A项为正确答案。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共

5分。）

[A]Whattodoasastudent[B]Variousdefinitionsofplagiarism[C]Ideasshouldalways

besourced|D]Ignorancecanbeforgiven|E|Plagiarismisequivalenttotheft|F|The

consequencesofplagiarism|G]AcknowledgementshouldsubstituteplagiarismScholars,

writersandteachersinthemodernacademiccommunityhavestrongfeelingsabout

acknowledgingtheuseofanotherperson'sideas.IntheEnglish-speakingworld,theterm

plagiarism（抄袭）isusedtolabelthepracticeofnotgivingcreditforthesourceofone's

ideas.Simplystated,plagiarismis"thewrongfulappropriation（盗用）orpurloining（偷

窃）,andpublicationasone'sownoftheideas,ortheexpressionofideasofanother."

[RI]Thepenaltiesforplagiarismvaryfromsituationtosituation.Inmany

universities,thepunishmentmayrangefromfailureinaparticularcoursetoexpulsion

（开I除）fromtheuniversity.Intheliteraryworld,wherewritersareprotectedfrom

plagiarismbyinternationalcopyrightlaws,thepenaltymayrangefromasmallfineto

imprisonmentandaruinedcareer.Protectionofscholarsandwriters,throughthe

copyrightlawsandthroughthesocialpressuresoftheacademicandliterary

communities,isarelativelyrecentconcept.Suchsocialpressuresandcopyrightlaws

requirewriterstogivescrupulousattentiontodocumentationoftheirsources.[R2]

Students,asinexperiencedscholarsthemselves,mustavoidvarioustypesof

plagiarismbybeingself-criticalintheiruseofotherscholars'ideasandbygiving

appropriatecreditforthesourceofborrowedideasandwords,otherwisedire（可怕的）

consequencesmayoccur.Thereareatleastthreeclassificationsofplagiarismasitis

revealedinstudents'inexactnessinidentifyingsourcesproperly.Theyareplagiarismby

accident,byignorance,andbyintention.[R3]Plagiarismbyaccident,or

oversight,sometimesistheresultofthewriter'sinabilitytodecideorrememberwhere

theideacamefrom.Hemayhavereaditlongago,hearditinalecturesinceforgotten,or

acquireditsecond-handorthird-handfromdiscussionswithcolleagues.Hemayalso

havedifficultyindecidingwhethertheideaissuchcommonknowledgethatnoreference

totheoriginalsourceisneeded.Althoughthistypeofplagiarismmustbeguarded

against,itistheleastseriousand.iflessonslearned,canbeexempt（被免除...的）from

beingseverelypunished.[R4]Plagiarismthro