考研英语（一）模拟试卷89

考研英语（一）模拟试卷89

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Theroleofgovernmentsinenvironmentalmanagementisdifficultbutinescapable.

Sometimes,thestatetriestomanagetheresourcesitowns,anddoessobadly.Often,

[Cl].governmentsactinanevenmoreharmfulway.Theyactuallysubsidize

theexploitationand[C2]ofnaturalresources.Awhole[C3]of

policies,fromfarm-pricesupporttoprotectionforcoal-mining,doenvironmentaldamage

and(often)[C4]noeconomicsense.Scrappingthemoffersatwo-fold[C5]

:acleanerenvironmentandamoreefficienteconomy.Growthand

environmentalismcanactuallygohandinhand,ifpoliticianshavethecourageto[C6]

thevestedinterestthatsubsidiescreate.Noactivityaffectsmoreoftheearth's

surfacethanfarming.Itshapesathirdoftheplanet'slandarea,not[C7]

Antarctica,andtheproportionisrising.Worldfoodoutputperheadhasrisenby4

percentbetweenthe1970sand1980smainlyasaresultofincreasesin[C8]

fromlandalreadyin[C9],butalsobecausemorelandhasbeenbrought

undertheplough.Higheryieldshavebeenachievedbyincreasedirrigation,bettercrop

breeding,anda[CIO]intheuseofpesticidesandchemicalfertilizersinthe

1970sand1980s.Ailtheseactivitiesmayhave[Cl1]environmentalimpacts.

Forexample,landclearingloragricultureisthelargestsingle[C12]of

deforestation;chemicalfertilizersandpesticidesmay[C13]watersupplies;

moreintensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiods[C14]

exacerbatesoilerosion;andthespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yielding

varietiesofcropshavebeenaccompaniedbythe[C15]ofoldvarietiesoffood

plantswhich[C16]someinsuranceagainstpestsordiseasesinfuture.Soil

erosionthreatenstheproductivityoflandinbothrichandpoorcountries.TheUnited

States,[C17]—themostcarefulmeasurementshavebeendone,discoveredin

1982thataboutone-fifthofitsfarmlandwaslosingtopsoilatarate[C18]to

diminishthesoil'sproductivity.Thecountrysubsequently[C19]aprogramto

convert11percentofitscroppedlandtomeadoworforest.TopsoilinIndiaandChinais

[C20]muchfasterthaninAmerica.

1、[Cl]

A、however

B、therefore

C、but

D、hence

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题测试逻辑搭配。however表示转折，通常用逗号与句子隔开；

therefore表示结果；but表示转折，通常用在句首；hence表示结果。前面句子说政

府管理资源的表现很差，本句话用的是inanevenmoreharmfulway,说明前后句子

意思转折，所以应该选A。

2、[C2]

A、conjunction

B、compensation

C^consumption

D、constitution

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。conjunction意为“连接，联合"：compensationB

为“补偿，赔偿“；consumption意为“消费，消耗"：constitution意为“构造，构成

ofnaturalresources修饰所填之词，并且所填之词应咳与exploitation的意思相近，

所以应该选C。

3、[C3]

A、area

B、range

C、scope

D、field

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题测试搭配。area意为“范围”，指经验、活动或知识的范围部分：

range意为“范围”，指涉及的所有范围，通常构成arangeof短语；scope意为“范

围”，指一项规定的活动或者主题所涉及的范围；field意为“范围”，指一个题目、

课题或学术兴趣或专业的领域。所填之词与awhole...of构成短语，所以应该选

Bo

4、[C4]

A、take

B、hold

C、lose

D、make

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题测试有配。makesense是固定搭配，意思是“有意义，意思清

楚，有道理”。

5、[C5]

A^profit

B、bonus

C、benefit

D、prize

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。profit意为“利润，益处”，指一笔生意中除去所

有的运作费用后所得的回报；bonus意为“好处，优点”，指做某事附带的优点或者

好处：beneg意为“利益，好处”，指促进或增加福利的东西；prize意为“奖品，奖

赏”,指在竞争或在比赛中给予的或者力求获得的东西。iwo-fold修饰所填之词，

根据后面的acleanerenvironmentandamoreefficienteconomy可知，应该选B。

6、（C61

A^confront

B>confine

C、conform

D^confuse

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。confront意为“面对，使面临”，指遇到或面对某

问题等：confine意为“限制，禁闭“：conform意为”使…致,使符合“，指使某事物

在形式或特征上相符；confuse意为“使迷惑，搞乱”，指使某人不能清晰地思考或

理智地行动。所填之词的宾语是thevestedinteresto应该选A。

7、[C7]

A、thinking

B、considering

C^longing

D、counting

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。think意为“认为，思考"：consider意为“考虑，

认为“；long意为“渴望，热望”；count意为”计算在内，计算”。前面的句子说It

shapesathirdoftheplanet^landarea可知，随后提到没有Antarctica,所以应该选

D„

8、[C8]

A、outputs

supplies

C、yields

D、outcomes

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。oulput意为“产量，输出量”，指在某一时间内生

产或制造出的工业品；supply意为“商品供应量，供给”，指能够满足需求或在一定

价格下的商品供应量：yield意为“产量，收成”，指通过生产过程产出的农产品；

outcome意为“结果，成果”，指自然产生的结果。句子的主语是worldfood

output,根据后面的fromland可知，应该选C。

9、[C9]

条件，通常用复数。根据landclearingforagriculture与deforestation之间的关系可

知，应该选C。

13、[C13]

A、purify

B、clean

C^dirty

D、contaminate

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。purify意为“净化，使纯净”；clean意为、、清扫，

使干净dirly意为“弄脏，变脏”，指使……不干净：conlaminaie意为“污染，弄

脏”，指通过叠触或混合使...不纯净或不洁净。句子的主语是chemicalfertilizers

andpesticidcs,所填之话的宾语是watersupplies,所以应该选D。

14、[C14]

A、cometo

B、bringto

C、tendto

D、standto

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题测试词组。cometo意为“复苏，达到“：brings意为“使复苏，

阻碍"；tendto意为“趋向于，往往"：standto意为“坚持,遵守”。句子的主语是

intensivefarmingandtheabandonmentoffallowperiods>根据后面的exacerbate

soilerosion（使土壤侵蚀的现象恶化）可知，应该选Co

15、[C15]

A^disappearance

B、discovery

C>disposition

D、disturbance

标准答案:A

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。disappearance意为“消失，不见“：discovery意为

“发现，发明"；disposition意为“部署，安排''；disturbance意为.“打搅，干疥

根据thespreadofmonocultureanduseofhigh-yieldingvarietiesofcrops（单一栽培技

术的扩散以及大量高产祚物的引入）与oldvarietiesoffoodplants之间的关系可知，

应该选Ao

16、[C16]

A、musthavebeenprovided

B、mighthaveprovided

C^musthaveprovided

D、mighthavebeenprovided

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题测试语法。musthavebeenprovided表示一种肯定推测；might

haveprovidcd表示一种可能的猜测；musthaveprovided表示一种肯定推测；

mighlhavebeenprovided表示一种可能的猜测。根据后面的someinsurance

againstpestsordiseasesinfuture可知，本句话表示一种可能性，并且应该用主动语

态，所以应该选B。

17、[C17]

A^when

B>while

C、which

D^where

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题测试语法。when引导时间状语从旬；while引导时间、让步状语

从句：which引导定语从句：where引导地点状语、定语从句。所填之词引导的从

句修饰TheUnitedSlales,表示地点，所以应该选D。

18、[C18]

A、probable

B、capable

C、likely

D、hopeful

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。probable意为“可能的，大概的“；capable意为

“有才能的，能干的"；likely意为“可能的，有希望的”，指具有或显示使某事成为

可能的特征的，可以与t。搭配使用，也可以接从句；hopeful意为“抱有希望的，有

希望的所填之词与t。搭配，所以应该选C。

19、[C19]

A、setup

B、takeup

C^buildup

D、makeup

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题测试词组。setup意为“设立，架起takeup意为“开始从事，

着手”：buildup意为“树立，增进”;makeup意为“弥补，拼凑”。所填之词的宾语

是aprogram,诙以应该选B。

20、[C20]

A、vanishing

B、staying

C^appearing

D、dissolving

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题测试词义搭配。vanish意为“消失，突然不见”，指从视线中消

失、不复存在；stay意为“保持，保留”，指继续在一个地方；叩pear意为“出现，

出来”,指显露出来:dissolve意为“使溶解,解散”,指使固态物溶解为液体。前面

句子提到itsfarmlandwaslosingtopsoil,而木句话的主语是topsoil,并且还是讲土

壤流失的问题，所以应该选A。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

PresidentBushhasonceagainstartedspeakingoutforcomprehensiveimmigration

reform,andadraftplantorallyRepublicansenatorsontheissueiscirculatingjustas

Congressionalhearingsontheissueapproach.MembersofCongressrecognizethat

votersarelookingforrealreformthatrestsonresolute,effectiveenforcementofour

immigrationlaws.Theonlyseriouslegislativeproposalonthetableofferssuch

enforcement,becauseitfocusesonmakingemployersaccountablefortheirhiring

practices.Tothatend,thebillincorporateslessonslearnedfromthelargestimmigration

enforcementoperationeverundertaken.LastDecember,DepartmentofHomeland

SecurityagentsdescendedonmeatprocessingplantsrunbySwirl&Companyinsix

states,arrestingmorethan1,200unauthorizedworkers.Thearrestswereastonishing

becauseSwiftparticipatesinBasicPilot,avoluntaryDepartmentofHomelandSecurity

programthatallowsemployerstoelectronicallyverifytheworkeligibilityofnewlyhired

workersagainstdepartmentandSocialSecuritydatabases.Theprogramisseenasthe

precursorforaverificationsystemthatwouldbecomemandatorywithcomprehensive

immigrationreform.SinceSwirlwasusingthedepartment'ssystem,howdiditendup

withillegalworkers?TheBasicPilotprogramhasafatalflaw,whichisthatitrequires

onlyelectronicverificationofemploymentqualification.Aneffectiveprogramshould

alsoinsistontamper-proofidentificationdocumentsforjob-seekers,incorporating

biometricslikedigitalphotographsandfingerprintstoproveidentity.Onlythenwouldit

bepossibletoestablishnotonlythatjobapplicantsareauthorizedtowork,butalsothat

theyarewhotheysaytheyare.Otherwise,validSocialSecuritynumberscanbe

presentedtoemployers,andBasicPilotwillverifythem,butthenumbersmaynotbelong

totheworkerswhopresentthem.Toinsistonsecuredocumentswithbiometric

identifiersisnotacallforanationalID.Greencards,temporaryworkpermitsand

passportsaresecureandreliableforhiringpurposes.AddingSocialSecuritycardstothis

list,establishingasinglestandardfortheirsecurityfeatures,andreplacingoldcardsover

adesignatedperiodwouldresolvetheproblemonanationalscale.Onlythenwould

employersbeabletocomplyreliablywithverificationrequirementsasthebasisfor

soundenforcementand,byextension,bordercontrol.LegalimmigrantsandAmerican

citizenscouldprovetheiridentitiesandqualificationstoworkwithoutfacing

discriminationbasedonappearanceorlanguage.Scarceenforcementresourcescouldbe

spentonapprehendingrealcriminalsandaddressingnationalsecuritythreats.Andanew

systemofenforcementwouldatlasthaveachancetowinbackpublicconfidenceinthe

nation'simmigrationpolicies.Aftermorethan20yearsoffailedefforts,Congressmust

notbakehalfaloaf.SecurebiometricSocialSecuritycardsareanessentialingredientin

anycomprehensiveimmigrationreform.

21ThecaseofSwirlunauthorizedworkerswascausedpossiblybecause

A、thecompanyhasnoidentityverificationmeasuresontheirworkers.

B、theemployersofthecompanyarenotaccountablefortheiremploymentpractices.

C^thelackofbiometricidentifierinitsidentityverificationsystem.

D、itmeanttobreakthelegislationproposalonimmigrationproblems.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：为细节理解题。根据Swift公司自愿加入BasicPilot计划这一行为看

来，该公司对于员工身份认定应当有一定规定，并且自愿遵守相关雇佣法律法规。

因此选项A、B、D不正确。从后文中关于BasicPilot计划的缺陷描述看来，该计

划的主要问题在于仅仅使用电子认证手段而没有添加个人生物信息，冒用证件号码

的现象会导致非法劳工存在。因此选C。

22Accordingtothetext,theBasicPilotprogramcanonlybefullyeffectiveunless

A^moreelectronicregistrationinformationisneededforjob-seekers.

B>workerscanbeprovedtohavealegalnationalID.

C^indicatorssuchasfingerprintsareincorporatedwithinidentitycards.

D、strictverificationisundertakenonvalidationsofnumbersprovidedbyworkers.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：为推理判断题。根据"TheBasicPilotprogramhasafatalflaw,whichis

thatitrequiresonlyelectronicverificationofemploymentqualification",可以推断出仅

仅提供各种身份证件的电子号码对于认定身份并不充分，而选项A、B、D都仅仅

涉及到了证件信息注册的问题，而这正是该系统所存在的最大漏洞所在。因此应当

选C。

23、ItcanNOTbefoundfromthetextthat

A、theUSGovernmentisrethinkingonfeasiblemethodstosolvetheproblemof

immigration.

B、thearrestofSwiftCompanyisthelargestimmigrationoperationintheUS.

C、participatorsoftheBasicPilotprogramarecompelledtotakepartinit.

D、theUSCongresshasmadealotofunsuccessfuleffortsonimmigrationforover2

decades.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：为细节理解题。根据"PresidentBushhasonceagainstartedspeakingout

forcomprehensiveimmigrationreform"RT以判定选项A正确。根据"Tothatend,the

billincorporateslessonslearnedfromthelargestimmigrationenforcementoperationever

undertaken”和后文关于Swift公司问题的描述可以判定选项B正确。根据"After

morethan20yearsoffailedefforts,Congressmustnotbakehalfaloaf*1可以判定选项

D正确。而原文中提到"BasicPilot,avoluntaryDepartmentofHomelandSecurity

program",由此可见该计划由公司自愿参与，而非强迫，因此选C。

24>Intheauthor'sopinion,whichofthefollowingisthebestwayforaUScitizentobe

judged?

A、theprovisionofcardswithvalidelectronicnumbers.

B、hiscolorofskinoraccentofhisspokenEnglish.

C>asystemwithabundantenforcementresourcestoidentifyeveryone.

D、unchangeablefeatureswhichcanbeincorporatedintoanintelligentcard.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：为推理判断题。文章中提到了冒用身份证件号码的问题，因此选项A

不正确。选项B同文章本义相反，移民政策的目的是为了消除由外表或语言所带

来的歧视。文章中提到了资源的紧缺，并且提到有效的改革可以解放资源，用于预

防犯罪和安全威胁，因此选项C所指的并不现实。文章中提出的指纹等个人生物

信息都是无法更改的特征，因此D符合题目要求。

25、Whichofthefollowingcannotbeledbyaneffectivecomprehensiveimmigration

reform?

A、theprotectionofopportunitiesforlegalimmigrantsintheUS.

B、securityproblemssuchascriminalsandnationalsecuritythreats.

C、newbiometriccardstoreplaceolderonestoensuresecurity.

D、thereturnofpublicconfidenceinimmigrationpolicies.

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：为细节理解题。文中提到有效的移民改革能够使得合法移民和美国公

民免受歧视，因此A正确。选项C为文中提出的解决方案，如果实施改革的话是

很有可能出现的情况，因此C也正确。根据"Andanewsystemofenforcementv/ould

atlasthaveachancetowinbackpublicconfidenceinthenation'simmigration

policies",选项D也正确。选项B中的情况同文章表述恰好相反，因此选B。

JohnBattelleisSiliconValley'sBobWoodward.OneofthefoundersofWiredmagazine,

hehashungaroundGoogleforsolongthathehascometobeascloseasanyoutsider

cantoactuallybeinganinsider.Certainly,Google'sfounders,SergeyBrinandLarry

Page,anditschiefexecutive,EricSchmidt,believethatitissafertotalktoMr.Battelle

thannottodoso.TheresultisahighlyreadableaccountofGoogle'sastonishingrise一

thesteepestincorporatehistory-fromitsoriginsinStanfordUniversitytoits

controversialstockmarketdebutanditscurrentstruggletobecomeagrown-upcompany

whilestayingtruetoitsyouthfullybrashmotto,"Don'tbeevil".Mr.Battellemakesthe

readerwarmtoGoogle'srulingtriumvirate—theirclevernessandtheirgoodintentions一

andfearfortheirfutureastheytakeontheworld.Googleisoneofthemostinteresting

companiesaroundatthemoment.IthasadecentshotatdisplacingMicrosoftasthenext

greatnear-monopolyoftheinformationage.Itsambition-toorganisealltheworld's

information,notjusttheinformationontheworldwideweb-isepic,anditscommercial

powerisfrightening.Beyondthis,Googleisinterestingfbrthesamereasonthatsecretive

dictatorshipsandHollywoodcelebritiesareinterestingforbeingopaque,colourfuland.

simply,itself.ThebookdisappointsonlywhenMr.Battellebeginstryingtoexplainthe

widerrelevanceofinternetsearchanditspossiblefuturedevelopment.Thereisalotto

sayonthissubject,butMr.Battelleishurriedandoverlychatty,producinglaundrylists

ofgeekyconceptswithoutreallyhavingthoughtanyofthemthroughproperly.Thisis

notafatalflaw.Readonlythemiddlechapters,andyouhaveagreatbook.

26、Thephrase"warmto"inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphmostprobably

means.

A、becomeevaporatedthrough

B、befedupwith

C、beheatedto

D、becomemoreinterestedin

标准答案：D

知识点解析：这是一道词汇题，测试考生对原文中重点词语的准确理解。本文第二

段尾句中的"warmto...”是一个固定用法，其含义是“变得对…更感兴趣”，故本题的

正确选项是"becomemoreinterestedin”.（变得对…更感兴趣）。考生在阅读时应注意

每个词语的精确含义。

27、Googleiseye-catchingduetoits.

A^distinctiveness

B>infiniteness

C、selfishness

D、aggressiveness

标准答案：A

知识点解析：这是一道细节题，测试考生对重点词语引导的句子的重视和理解程

度，以及对句中并列平行结构的识别和理解。本题的答案信息来源在第三段的尾

句，该句由“beyond”一词引导，其大意是:“除此之外，Google引起人们兴趣的原因

与遮遮掩掩的独裁和好莱坞名人引起人们兴趣的原因是相同的一原因在于不透明、

花哨以及其自身”。由此可以推断本题的正确选项是“distinctiveness”（独特性），因为

只有“distinctiveness”这个词才能准确表达原文”语曰「一词所传达的含义。考生在阅

读时应注意常考的重点词语（例如本句中的"beyond”一词），并且注意对并列平行结

构的理解。

28、TheworkbyJohnBattellewouldbeperfectedifappropriateconsiderationisgiven

to.

A、therelationshipbetweeninternetresearchanditspotentialfuturedevelopment

B、secretivedictatorshipsandHollywoodcelebritiesundercontrol

C、thedisappointmentsinGoogleanditsrivalsinrespectstogeekyconcepts

D-.companies'interestsinGoogleatthemomentwhentheworld'seconomyisbooming

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是一道细节推导题，测试考生对原文的准确理解以及推导能力。

本题的答案信息来源在尾段的第一句，该句的大意是:“本书令人失望的一点仅仅存

在于Battelle先生对互联网与其未来发展之间更广泛联系的解释”。由此可见，

Battelle先生的作品需要改进和完善的方面就在于此。故本题的正确选项应该是“the

relationshipbetweeninternetresearchanditspotentialfuturedevelopment”（互联网研究

与其未来发展之间的关系）。考生在阅读时应注意每个词所传达的深层含义。

29、Accordingtothetext,theauthor'sattitudetowardMr.Battelle'sworkis.

A、strongdisapproval

B、totaldenial

C、qualifiedconsent

D、enthusiasticsupport

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题属于一道中心主旨归纳题，测试考生对全文各个自然段落的整体

综合和理解的能力。本文是对Battelle先生的书进行客观的评价。本题的答案信息

来源主要来自于第二段首句和尾段尾句，以及尾段首句。第二段首句中的“highly

readable”（很强的可读性）以及尾段尾句中的"agreatbook”（一部好书），表明作者对

Battelle先生所著的书的肯定；尾段首句中的"Thebookdisappoints..."（本书令人失望

之处…）表明作者指出此书的美中不足。综上所述，本文作者对Battelle先生的书的

态度应该是:肯定中有保留（即客观的态度）。故本题的正确选项是“qualified

consent”（有保留的赞同）。

30、Thetextseemstobe.

A、ascientificpaper

B、abookreview

C、agraduationdissertation

D、anacademiccriticism

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题属于一道中心主旨类题型，测试考生对全文的整体理解和把握。

全文是对Battelle先生所写的有关Google一书的评价。本题的答案信息来源在第二

段首句中的"ahighlyreadableaccount"（可读忤很强的描述）、尾段首句中的"The

book”（这本书似及尾段尾句中的greatbook”（一本好书）。由此可见，本题的正确

选项是"abookreview"（书评）。

In1939twobrothers,MacandDickMcDonald,startedadrive-inrestaurantinSan

Bernadino,California.Theycarefullychoseabusycoinerfortheirlocation.Theyhad

runtheirownbusinessforyears,firstatheater,thenabarbecue（烤肉）restaurant,then

anotherdrive-in.Butintheirnewoperation,theyofferedanew,shortenedmenu:French

fries,hamburgers,andsodas.Tothissmallselectiontheyaddedonenewconcept:quick

service,nowaitersorwaitresses,andnotips.Theirhamburgerssoldforfifteencents.

Cheesewasanotherfourcents.TheirFrenchfriesandhamburgershadaremarkable

uniformity,forthebrothershaddevelopedastrictroutineforthepreparationoftheir

food,andtheyinsistedontheircooks'stickingtotheirroutine.Theirnewdrive-in

becameincrediblypopular,particularlyforlunch.Peopledroveupbythehundreds

duringthebusynoontime.Theserf-servicerestaurantwassopopularthatthebrothers

hadallowedtencopiesoftheirrestauranttobeopened.Theywerecontentwiththis

modestsuccessuntiltheymetRayKroc.KrocwasasalesmanwhomettheMcDonald

brothersin1954,whenhewassellingmilkshake-mixingmachines.Hequicklysawthe

uniqueappealofthebrothersfastfoodrestaurantsandboughttherighttofranchise（特许

经营）othercopiesoftheirrestaurants.Theagreementstruckincludedtherightto

duplicatethemenu.Theequipment,eventheirredandwhitebuildingswiththegolden

arches.TodayMcDonaldsisreallyahouseholdname.Itsnamesforitssandwicheshave

conictomeanhamburgerinthedecadessincethedayRayKrocwatchedpeoplerushup

toorderfifteen-centhamburgers.In1976,McDonald'shadover$Ibillionintotalsales.

Itsfirsttwenty-twoyearsisoneofthemostincrediblesuccessstoriesinmodem

Americanbusinesshistory.

31、Thispassagemainlytalksabout.

A、thedevelopmentoffastfoodservices

B、howMcDonald'sbecameabillion-dollarbusiness

C、thebusinesscareersofMacandDickMcDonald

D、RayKroc'sbusinesstalent

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章主旨题。本文以时间顺序，描述了麦当劳快餐店从开办到现在家

喻户晓的过程。要注意"thebusinesscareersofMacandDickMcDonald"并不能概括

全文内容，因为，所有的介绍，尤其是后半部分始终都突出的是快餐店的发展，而

非刻意介绍兄弟俩的事业。

32、MacandDickmanagedallofthefollowingbusinessesexcept.

A、adrive-in

B、acinema

C、atheater

D、abarbecuerestaurant

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。答案可以从第一段第三句"Theyhadruntheirownbusinessfor

years,Inslatheater,ihenabarbecue（烤肉）resluunuil,thenauolherdrive-in”得出。

显然，兄弟俩从未开办过电影院。

33、Wemayinferfromthispassagethat.

A、MacandDickMcDonaldneverbecamewealthyfortheysoldtheirideastoKroc

B、thelocationtheMcDonald'schosewastheonlysourceofthegreatpopularityof

theirdrive-in

C^fortyyearsagotherewerenumerousfast-foodrestaurants

D、RayKrocwasagoodbusinessman

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实推理题。迈克和帝克.麦当劳兄弟俩在把经营理念卖给克洛克前

并没发财。快餐店出名的唯一原因是地点选得准。四十年前，有无数的快餐店，这

些答案都缺乏根据或有失偏颇，不可选。答案选项说：克洛克是一个出色的商人，

这一点显然可以通过文中在他取得麦当劳经营权后，该店更飞快扩张，直至今日家

喻户晓的事实推出来，因此正确。

34、Thepassagesuggeststhat.

A^creativityisanimportantelementofbusinesssuccess

B、RayKrocwastheclosepartneroftheMcDonaldbrothers

C、MacandDickMcDonaldbecamebrokenaftertheysoldtheirideastoRayKroc

D、Californiaisthebestplacetogointobusiness

标准答案：A:

知识点解析：综合判断题。文中介绍的麦当劳的历史使读者了解到，其成功的原因

更重要的是其与众不同的经营理念，可以推断答案选项的论断正确。其它几项则无

法根据本文内容了解。

35、Asusedinthesecondsentenceofthethirdparagraph,theword"unique"means

A^special

B>attractive

C^financial

D、peculiarText2

标准答案：D

知识点解析：词义判断题。根据上下文，我们知道麦当劳以独特的方式经营，可以

猜测unique意为"唯一的，独特的"，peculiar的意思正能表达此意思，应为正确答

案。

Sportpsychologyresearchhasdocumentedtheimportantroteofsignificantadultssuch

asparentsandcoachesinyouthparticipants'psychosocialdevelopmentandachievement

motivation.However,thesituationconcerningparentsandcoachesinyouthsportis

somewhatofaconundrum-therolesofcoachandparentareoftensynonymous,

suggestingnotsimplyanindependentrelationshipwiththechildparticipant.Inrecent

years,agrowingbodyofliteraturehasemergedonparentinfluenceinyouthsportbased

ontheseandothertheories.First,researchshowsthatparentswhoarcmoresupportive

andlesspressuringoftheirchildrenareassociatedwithyouthparticipantswhoreport

higherperceivedcompetence,enjoyment,andintrinsicmotivationtowardsport.Second,

parentswhoencouragetheirchild'sparticipationandexhibitenjoymentofphysical

activityarerelatedtochildrenwhoreporthigherperceivedcompetenceandattraction

towardphysicalactivity.Finally,parentswhoholdstrongerpositivebeliefsabouttheir

child'sphysicalcompetenceareassociatedwithchildrenwhoreporthigherself-

pcrccptions,valuetowardsport,andphysicalactivitylevels.Aprevalentphenomenonof

NorthAmericancultureistheparent-coachdualroie.Mostcoachesincompetitiveyouth

sportareparentsofoneormoreoftheirplayers.Brownestimatedthatabout90%ofthe

volunteercoachesinagivencommunityareaparentofoneormoreteammembers.

Althoughonecanforwardseveralpositiveaspectsoftheparent-coachphenomenon,

thereisalsothepotentialforyouthtoperceivestressfromthisparent-childrelationship.

Severalresearchersreportedthatadolescentathletesfeltpressurefromtheircoachesand

parentstoperformwell,anddesiredthatparentsbesourcesofsocialsupportandleave

skillandstrategyinstructiontothecoach'sdomain.Collectively,anecdotalaccountsand

empiricaldatasuggestthatexploringthebenefitsandcostsofparentscoachingtheir

childrenisaworthytopicfromboththeoreticalandappliedperspectives.Therefore,

basedonpreviousresearchontheroleofparentsandcoachesinyouthdevelopment,the

purposeofthepresentstudywastogainknowledgeabouttheparent-coachphenomenon

incompetitiveyouthsport.Weaccomplishedthispurposebyinterviewingyouthsoccer

playerswhowerecoachedbytheirparent,thechild'steammates,andtheparent-coach.

Weexpectthatchildparticipantswouldidentifybothpositiveandnegativeaspectsof

havingaparentastheircoach,inlinewithpreviousresearch,butweweremostcurious

toknowifdifferentissueswouldberaisedabouttheuniqueparent-coach/child-athlete

relationship.

36、Whatdoestheword"conundrum"(Line4,Para.1)mostprobablymean?

A、Contradictory;withmanydisagreements.

B、Adifficultproblem.

C、Indistinctornotclearindefinition.

D、Notyethavingbeenascertainedordetermined.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词义题；该词在原文的位置非常关键，所以要推断这个词的意思，我

们需要对整个段落的含义有很好的把握。conundrum出现在这个以however引寻的

句子中，这个句子之前的句子表达的意思是“运动心理学的很多研究都记录了父母

和教练在青少年的心理发展和成就动机中的作用而破折号之后的内容给我们的

提小更加直接，说父母和教练的情况并没有那么简单。那我们需要的就是在选项中

寻找一个“简单”的反义词，比较阅读4个选项，B选项所表示的“难题”符合上下文

的要求，是我们需要的正确答案。

37、Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?

A、Theinfluencesfromparentstochildren'scompetencecanbeeitherpositiveor

negative.

B、Parents'beliefsandbehaviorsarestronglyrelatedtochildren'spsychologicaland

behavioraloutcomes.

C、Parentswhogivelesspressuringcanraisemorecompetitiveathletes.

D^Withtheencouragementfromparents,childrencanhaveinnermotivations

themselves.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：段落主旨题；提问方式很直接，我们通读第二段之后进行总结，段落

中的3个层次非常清楚，考生在阅读中要首先关注“FirstSecond和Finally”这样的

结构标志词。在这样清楚的结构中，我们再比较阅读4个选项，A选项是不对的，

原文的3个层次所论述的都是家长对孩子积极的影响，A选项所说的negative是原

文没有的，排除A选项。B选项的概括是全面而正确的。C选项和D选项的错误

类型一样，都是片面的选项，请考生比较全面的正确选项和片面的干扰选项，体会

命题思路。

38、Whatdoestheauthormeanwhenhetalkedaboutthe"dualrole"ofparent-coachin

NorthAmerican?

A、Somecoachesarealsoparentsoftheyoungathletes.

B>Theparent-coachcangivetheathletesbothpositiveaspectsandpressure.

C>Thenegativeinfluenceofaparent-coachcanoutweighthepositiveones.

D^Aparcnt-coachmayhavedifferentinfluencesonindividualathletesandcollective

ones.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题；在考研的阅读理解命题中，越来越多的题目开始和主旨相

关，以这个题目为例，我们将它归类为细节题，但实际上要正确解答这个题目，仍

然需要我们对于段落的大意有清晰的把握。按照题目中的定位线索dualrole我们找

到原文的第三段，要理解这里所说的dualrole究竟是怎样的角色，从段落中我们可

以看至r'Mostcoachesincompetitiveyouthsportareparentsofoneormoreoftheir

players",也就是说在北美，很多教练同时也是青少年运动员的父母，这就是双重

角色在文章中的含义。比较阅读4个选项，我们可以知道A选项是正确答案。

39、Whataretheresearchersmostinterestedtoknowaboutintheircurrentstudy?

A、Tomakesureaboutthepositiveornegativeaspectsofhavingaparentasacoach.

B、Tointerviewyoungathletesface-to-faceinsteadofjustreviewthepreviousstudies.

C、Tofindoutsomenewperspectivestoaddresstheparent-coach/child-athlete

relationship.

D、Toincludetheteammatesoftheyoungathletes,notjusttheirparents/coachesinthe

study.

标准答案：c

知识点脑析：细节题；我们在原文仅剩下的最后一段中寻找，看到了倒数第二行这

样一个表达“mostcurioustoknow”,和题目中要求我们回答的“mostinterestedto

knowabout”属于同义表达，所以原文中的“ifdifferentissueswouldberaisedabout

theuniqueparent-coach/childathleterelationship”就是我们需要寻找的答题信息,比较

阅读4个选项，我们可以看到C选项的表达和这里的信息是符合的，是我们需要

的正确答案。

40、Whichoneofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A、Helpingyouthinunderstandingthemeaningofsports.

B、Theparent-coach/child-athleterelationshipinyouthsporl.

C、Coaches5encouragementofathletes,imageryuse.

D^Therelationshipbetweenschooleducationandsportscoaching.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：标题选择题，是文章主旨的变形命题方式；回顾全文信息，尤其是我

们在解答前面4个题目的过程中所重点阅读的部分，我们可以将全文的信息归纳

为：对于同时为人父母并兼作教练对于孩子的心理发展和运动成绩等方面的影响。

在4个选项之中，我们可以看到B选项的概拈是切题并且止确的。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。）

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelist(A^B、C>D、E、F^G)tofitintoeachofthe

numberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.(10

points)TheRevolutionaryWar,whichbeganofficiallyonApril19,1775,draggedonfor

morethansixbitteryears.Itwasconflictfoughtbythecolonialsfortherig