考研英语（一）模拟试卷94

考研英语（一）模拟试卷94

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Thekeypositionandroleofwomenintheprocessofdevelopmentisincreasinglybeing

recognized.(1)thethreegreatWorldConferencesofWomenweremoreconcerned

(2)recognizingandcompilingapproachesto(3),wecancurrentlyconfirma

generalsharpeningofawareness.IthasbecomeclearthattheThirdWorldCultures,in

earliertimesstronglymatriarchal,havebeenweakened(4)thisrespectbythe

methodsofcolonialeducationwhicharealmost(5)directedtowardsthemale.Of

themanycriticismsofthissituationletonevoicebeheard:"Developmenteducation

groupsandprogrammesareverymuch(6)andlackwoman'sperspective".So,too,

thehopesplacedinvocationaltraining—"vocationalization"-asanaidtoequalityhave

beendisappointedsincethisinitsturnwastolargeextentfocusedonthemale.Inthese

circumstancesweshouldnotbesurprisedthatuntilnowwomenhave(7)atleastin

theeducationalprocesseswhichhavebeenintroduced.Only20%attendprimaryschool

andthe(8)ofthosewholeaveearlyishighest(9)girls.Becauseofthelack

ofbasictrainingonlyaround10%takepartinAdultEducationprogrammes.Henceitis

vitallyimportantto(10)aturning-pointbyincreasingthe(11)oftheneed

(12)education.HcnccevenPrimaryEducationforgirlsshouldbe(13)

towardsthebasicneedsandnecessitiesandprovideanswerswhichareassimpleas

possible.Inruraldistrictssuchanswerswillbedifferentfromthose(14)inurban

areas.Theeducationofgirlsandwomenmusttoalargedegreebeaneducationforthe

lifetheywilllead,tailored(15)awoman'sposition.Insayingthisweareinfact

demandingthattheeducationofwomen,likealleducationalworkintheThirdWorld,

shouldbean(16)partofthecommunity.(17)therearemanypartnersinthis

processschool,family,snailbusinesses,governmentalandnon-governmental

organizations.Theeducationalskill(18)keepingthisinterplayactiveinsuchaway

thatthereisnodeficiencyinmaterialcontent.Animportantconsequenceofthisisthe

(19)ofthedesiretoquestion,which,ontheonehand,pressesforfurthereducation

andontheotherforits(20)application.

1、Thekeypositionandroleofwomenintheprocessofdevelopmentisincreasingly

beingrecognized.(1)thethreegreatWorldConferencesofWomenweremore

concerned(2)recognizingandcompilingapproachesto(3),wccancurrently

confirmageneralsharpeningofawareness.IthasbecomeclearthattheThirdWorld

Cultures,inearliertimesstronglymatriarchal,havebeenweakened(4)thisrespect

bythemethodsofcolonialeducationwhicharealmost(5)directedtowardsthe

male.Ofthemanycriticismsofthissituationletonevoicebeheard:"Development

educationgroupsandprogrammesareverymuch(6)andlackwoman's

perspective".So,too,thehopesplacedinvocationaltraining一"vocationalization"—asan

aidtoequalityhavebeendisappointedsincethisinitsturnwastolargeextentfocusedon

themale.Inthesecircumstanceswcshouldnotbesurprisedthatuntilnowwomenhave

(7)atleastintheeducationalprocesseswhichhavebeenintroduced.Only20%

attendprimaryschoolandthe(8)ofthosewholeaveearlyishighest(9)

girls.Becauseofthelackofbasictrainingonlyaround10%takepartinAdultEducation

programmes.Henceitisvitallyimportantto(10)aturning-pointbyincreasingthe

(11)oftheneed(12)education.HenceevenPrimaryEducationforgirls

shouldbe(13)towardsthebasicneedsandnecessitiesandprovideanswerswhich

areassimpleaspossible.Inruraldistrictssuchanswerswillbedifferentfromthose

(14)inurbanareas.Theeducationofgirlsandwomenmusttoalargedegreebean

educationforthelifetheywilllead,tailored(15)awoman'sposition.Insayingthis

weareinfactdemandingthattheeducationofwomen,likealleducationalworkinthe

ThirdWorld,shouldbean(16)partofthecommunity.(17)therearemany

partnersinthisprocessschool,family,smallbusinesses,governmentalandnon­

governmentalorganizations.Theeducationalskill(18)keepingthisinterplayactive

insuchawaythatthereisnodeficiencyinmaterialcontent.Animportantconsequence

ofthisisthe(19)ofthedesiretoquestion,which,ontheonehand,pressesfor

furthereducationandontheotherforits(20)application.

A、Although

For

C、Nevertheless

D、Because

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第二句谈的是尽管…，我们必须承认一个事实。连词应用allhough,

才符合题意。nevertheless然而：because,for因为。

2、

A、with

B、of

C^upon

D、over

标准答案：A

知识点解析：concernedwith关心，为固定搭配。涉及到concerned的用法还有：

beconcernedin：涉及…的e.g.Hewasconcernedinthescandal.他涉及那件丑闻。

beconcernedabout：对于...关切e.g.Weareallvery(much)concernedabout/overher

health.我们都非常关切她的健康。

3、

A^salvage

revolution

C、liberty

D、liberation

标准答案：D

知识点解析：liberation解放(尤指人权方面)。salvage拯救，revolulion革命，liberty

自由，这里强调妇女解放运动。

4、

A^in

B、of

C、upon

D、with

标准答案：A

知识点解析：iniherespecl在某一方面，固定介词搭配。

5、

A、specially

distinctively

C^exclusively

D、respectively

标准答案：C

知识点解析:exclusively排他地。specially特别地；distinctively有特色地；

respectively各自地。

6、

A、males-dominating

B、female-dominating

C、male-dominating

D、females-dominating

标准答案：C

知识点解析：male-dominating男性主宰的。当名词与分词等构成合成词，充当定

语或表语时，应用其单数形式。根据原句结构，可看出所缺词应充当表语。要加强

对一些合成词的记忆，例如：man-made人造的；good-looking漂亮的；good-

neighbor睦邻的；hand-carry携带；heart-whole诚恳的，真心的。

7、

A、pooled

B、joined

C^taken

D、participated

标准答案：D

知识点解析:participatein=haveashare,takepartin分享;参与，为固定搭配。

8、

A、percentage

number

C、fraction

D、part

标准答案：A

知识点解析：percentageo辍学比例最高的是在女孩之中，与highest相对应的只有

percentage：number用largest或greatest来修饰；fraction局部；part部分。

9、

A、in

B、between

C、of

D、among

标准答案：D

知识点解析：among表示“在三者或三者以上的人中”。另外要注意between的用

法：belween通常用以表示两者之间；但虽有三者以上，而涉及每两者之相互关系

时仍用between:atreatybetweenthreepowers（三强之间的条约）/Thethreechildren

saved$100betweenthem（那三个孩子共存了100美元）。

10、

A、secure

B、strike

C、save

D、hit

标准答案：A

知识点解析：secure保持（一种数字/水平），这里的secure引申为保持。save节省，

保存：hit,strike打击、撞击：都不妥当。这里补充讲一些与strike及hit有关的常

用词组:strikeback还击；hitback（at…）（向…）报复；strikein突然开口；hithome

中的，打中要害，触及耍处；strikeoff砍掉（头等），删除，除去；hiloul痛打，猛

烈打击，猛烈攻击。

11>

A、acknowledgement

B、awareness

C、affirmation

D、agreement

标准答案：B

知识点解析：awareness这里是指一种意识的提高；acknowledgement认识;

affirmation赞许；agreement认同。

12、

A^for

B、of

C>in

D、with

标准答案：A

知识点解析：needforsth.对某物的需求,固定搭配。

13、

A^aimed

B、targeted

C、directed

D、manipulated

标准答案：C

知识点解析：directtowards向某方向转移；largel,aim也通，但形式为aim

at/for,targetat：manipulale控制与原文不符。

14、

A、offered

provided

C、told

D、given

标准答案：D

知识点解析：thoseanswers(whichare)giveninurbanareas,省略「whichare»且整

个句子在一般时态下。

15、

A、for

B、to

C^with

D、at

标准答案：B

知识点解析：tailorto固定搭配，表示”适应做(某事)，

16>

A、synthetic

B、combined

C、integrated

D、comprehensive

标准答案：C

知识点解析：integrated综合的；synthetic人工合成的；combine结合的；

comprehensive全面的。

17、

A、Subsequently

Consequently

C^Accordingly

D、Reversely

标准答案：B

知识点解析:consequently结果,因此；subsequently随后地;accordingly相应地;

reversely相反地。

18、

A、consistsof

B、accountsfor

C、consistsin

D、leadsto

标准答案：C

知识点解析：consistsin在于。consistsof由...组成；accountsfor解释；leadsto导

致。

19、

A、waking

B、awakening

C^rising

D、arising

标准答案：B

知识点解析:awaken唤醒,觉醒;wake叫醒;rise上升：arise引起“

20、

A、practical

useful

C、material

D、artificial

标准答案：A

知识点解析：practical实际的;useful有用的；material物质的;artificial人工的。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共乃题，每题7.0

分，共75分。）

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.Forquestions1—5,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearc

twoextrachoiceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.ImagineanInternetwhereunseenhands

curateyourentireexperience.Wherethirdpartiespredeterminethenews,productsand

pricesyousee-eventhepeopleyoumeet.Aworldwhereyouthinkyouaremaking

choices,butinreality,youroptionsarenarrowedandrefineduntilyouareleftwith

merelytheillusionofcontrol.Thisisnotfarfromwhatishappeningtoday.[RI]

.Mostofushavebecomeunwittingactorsinanunfoldingdramaaboutthetaleof

twoInternets.Thereisyoursandmine,theirsandours.Here'showitworks.Advertising

currentlydrivesthevastmajorityoftheInternetindustrybyvolumeofrevenue.Silicon

Valleyisexcellentatfoundingandfundingcompaniesthatgiveyoufreeappsandthen

collectandsellyourdatawhenyouusethem.[R2].Butincreasingly,data

collectionisleapfroggingwellbeyondstrictadvertisingandenablinginsurance,medical

andothercompaniestobenefitfromanalyzingyourpersonal,highlydetailed"BigData"

recordwithoutyourknowledge.Basedonthisanalysis,thesecompaniesthenmake

decisionsaboutyou-includingwhetheryouareevenworthmarketingtoatall.Asa

result,99percentofusliveonthewrongsideofaone-waymirror,inwhichtheother1

percentmanipulatesourexperiences.Somelaudthistrendas"personalization"—which

soundsharmlessandfun,evokingthenotionthattheadswcseemightappearinour

favoritecolorschemes.Whatwearetalkingabout,however,ismuchdeeperand

significantlymoreconsequential.[R3].Forthepastdecade,e-commercesites

havealteredpricesbasedonyourWebhabitsandpersonalattributes.Whatisyour

geographyandyourpastbuyinghistory?Howdidyouarriveatthee-commercesite9

Whattimeofdayareyouvisiting?Anentireliteraturehasemergedontheethics,legality

andeconomicpromiseofpricingoptimization.Andthefieldisadvancingquickly:last

September,Googlereceivedapatentontechnologythatletsacompanydynamically

priceelectroniccontent.[R4]Theseblindwallsalsoappearinourdigital

politicallives.AsEliPariserhasobserved,theInternetshowsus"whatitthinkswewant

tosee"byservingupcontentthatmatchesthehiddenprofilescreatedaboutusbasedon

ourdailyonlineinteractions.[R5].AsHarvardUniversityscholarCass

Sunsteinhaswritten,liberalsandconservativeswhodeliberatequestionsopenlyonly

withpeopleofthesamepoliticalstripebecomemoreconfidentandextremeintheir

views.SegregationandSeparationareontherise.Thefunofpersonalizationhasadark

side.[A]FormostoftheInternet'sshorthistory,theprimarygoalofthisdatacollection

wasclassicproductmarketing:forexample,advertisersmightwanttoshowusManolo

Blahniks.[B]Forinstance,itcanpushthebasepriceofane-bookupifitdeterminesyou

arcmorelikelytobuythatparticularitemthananaverageuser;conversely,itcanadjust

thepricedownasanincentiveifyouarejudgedlesslikelytopurchase.Andyouwon't

evenknowyouarepayingmorethanothersfortheexactsameitem.|C|Generally,a

politicalpartyholdsthesameidealsandfundamentals.Attimes,however,individual

membersofthepartymaywaveronwheretheystandonsmallersubjects.Duringa

politicalconvention,thepoliticalpartyasagroupisstronglyunitedinonelocationandis

exposedtomanypersuasivespeakers.[D]Thisbehind-the-scenescurationreinforcesour

politicalpointsofviewthroughonline"echochambers"thataffirm,insteadofchallenge,

whatwealreadybelievetobetrue.[EJAftercollectingoranalyzingthemarketdata,

appropriateadvertisementsorothermarketingmaterialsaresenttoindividuals.The

marketdatacollectionandadvertisingdeliverycanbecontinuously,automatically,

scheduled,orperiodicallyupdatedorsent.[F]Forexample,federalregulationsmakeit

illegaltodiscriminateinpricingaccesstocreditbasedoncertainpersonalattributes.But,

asNatashaSingerrecentlyreportedintheNewYorkTimes,technicaladvancesin

miningonlineandofflinedatahavemadeitpossibletoskirtthespiritofthelaw:

companiescansimplynotmakeanyofferstolesscredit-attractivepopulations.Ifyou

liveonthewrongsideofthedigitaltracks,youwon'tevenseeacreditofferfromleading

lendinginstitutions,andyouwon'trealizethatloansareavailabletohelpyouwithyour

currentpersonalorprofessionalpriorities.[G]ThankstotechnologythatenablesGoogle,

Facebookandotherstogatherinformationaboutusanduseittotailortheuser

experiencetoourownpersonaltastes,habitsandincome,theInternethasbecomea

differentplacefortherichandforthepoor.

21、［RI］

标准答案：G

知识点解析：本题空格出现在第二段中间。上文首段首先让大家对因特网展开想

象，列举了因特网的三个特征：无形之手控制用户体验；用户浏览内容受到第三方

预控；用户丧失控制权；随后第二段首句指出现实世界的因特网和首段所想象的因

特网相差无几。下文则由出我们（即用户）已变成双网记戏剧中饰演者，也就是说，

互联网针对不同的用户会采取不同的举措；随后第三段则介绍这一不同是如何运作

的。［3］选项是唯---个谈及互联网之于不同人群带来不同影响的选项，theInter­

net呼应首段anInternet5adifferentplacefortherichandforthepoor（穷人、富人两

个群体对其的感受不同）对应其后thetaleoftwoInternets,故本选项正确。

22、［R2I

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题空格出现在第三段中间。上文介绍了广告之于互联网行业的重要

作用，并引出了数据收集的话题；下文转折指出数据收集远远跳离严苛意义上的广

告用途，相反使得保险、医药及其他公司可以针对不同客户采取不同广告营销策

略.涉及收据收集及其广告营销的选项有［A］和［E］.但由于［E］选项主体论述了数据

收集分析及其广告营销的积极意义，而第三段末句才引出“营销”这一概念，这表明

［E］与下文内容出现逻辑矛盾。［A］中thisdatacollection回指空格前文

collect...data,Internet复现首两段中Internet,classicproductmarketing也对应空格

后文描述的现有market-ing策略等等，表明该选项正确。

23、［R3］

标准答案：F

知识点解析：本题空格出现在第五段。第四段介绍了事件结果及影响，暗示个性化

趋势的不良影响；第六段谈及电子商务运营商网站针对用户浏览习惯及个人特质调

整价格的状况。由此可：隹断，第五段可能谈及个性化趋势的不良影响或者价格调整

问题，涉及相关内容的选项有［B］和［F］。两个选项均为例证项，但是［B］中出现一个

代词il,溯及上文，il最有可能的指代内容为personalizalion,套在选项里面为‘个

性化可以根据用户特质调整电子书的价格“，看似合理，但是并未涉及任何跟个性

化趋势不良影响相关的内容；再者，下文随后谈及过去十年里电子商务网站基于用

户特质调整价格问题，可见［B］选项与第六段内容重合，不可能置于第六段前，所

以排除。再看选项［F］,段中列举了美国联邦条令禁止在信贷过程中基于个人特质

有价格歧视行为，但由于互联网技术的进步却使得这一法令有如虚设，侧面说明了

互联网技术带来的危害，呼应第五段隐藏的个性化趋势带来的危害；同时，选项中

的个人特质也与下文第六段中的电子商务网站因个性特质而调整价格的部分内容相

吻合，所以为正确项。

24、［R4］

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题空格出现在第六段末尾。上文采用先过去后现在的写作方式谈及

电子商务网站针对用户浏览习惯及个人特质调整价格的状况，空格处前一句提及谷

歌针对某一技术申请专利，以解释说明其前文所述价格优化事宜，暗示空格处可能

与谷歌某项调价技术专利有关，符合这个主题的选项为|B|,选项中il即回指上文

（Google的）technology,因此［B］正确。

25、［R5］

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题空格出现在第七段中间。段首指出隐形墙也出现在数字化政治生

活中，空格前后均采用引证法介绍了他人的观点：一、因特网力量无形，可据用户

隐藏的个性资料推介出用户想要看到的界面；二、自由派、保守派人士因能在互联

网与持相同政见者沟通交流而变得更为自信、思想也变得更为偏激；同时，根据引

证旨在说明作者自身观点，暗示空格处应该为作者想要表达的观点，而末段作者明

确观点“隔离和分离正在高涨''因此空格处填入的内容应该涉及政治思想观点深化的

问题。符合这一主题的选项有［C］和［D］。［0选项纯粹在讲述政治人物观点激化问

题，而并未涉及任何互联网内容，和上下文不相接；而［D］选项中Thisbehind—

the一scenescuration能够呼应上文Theseblindwalls,throughonline^echochambers”

也可以衬托全文主要话题Internet,所以［D］选项正确。

SweepaFuelCraftInvestFeverTheclean-energybusinessisturningintothenextbig

investmentboom,inwhichrisksarelightlyignored.Untilrecently,recallsCharlieGay,a

30-yearveteranofthesolar-powerbusiness,venturecapitalistswerefartoobusycatering

tocaptainsoftheinformation-technologyindustrytowastetimeon"hippy-dippytree-

huggers"likehimself.Butnowthetree-buggersareintheascendantandtheITbarons

arebusyinvestinginclean-energytechnology.Investorsarefailingoverthemselvesto

financestart-upsincleantechnology,especiallyinenergy.VentureBusinessResearch

reckonsthatinvestmentinthefieldbyventurecapitalistsandprivate-equityfirmshas

quadrupledinthepasttwoyears,fromsome$500min2004toalmost$2billionsofar

thisyear.Theshareofventurecapitalgoingintocleanenergyisrisingrapidly.Clean­

energyfeverisbeingfuelledbythreethings:highoilprices,fearsoverenergysecurity

andagrowingconcernaboutglobalwarming.Theprovisionofenergy,theindustry's

cheerleaderssay,willchangeradicallyoverthecomingdecades.Pollutingcoalandgas-

firedpowerstationswillgivewaytocleaneralternativessuchassolarandwind;fuels

derivedfromplantsandwastewillreplacepetrolanddiesel;andsmall,localformsof

electricitygenerationwillreplacebigpowerstationsfeedingfar-flunggrids.Eventually,

itishoped,fuelcellsrunningonhydrogenwilltaketheplaceoftheinternalcombustion

enginewhichisavailableeverywhere.Itisaboldvision,butifithappensveryslowly,or

onlytoalimitedextent,boostersarguethatitwillstillprompttremendousgrowthfor

firmsinthebusiness.Analystsconfidentlypredicttheclean-energybusinesswillgrowby

20%~30%ayearforadecade.Jefferies,aninvestmentbankthatorganizedarecent

conferenceontheindustryinLondon,askedparticipantshowsoonsolarpowerwould

becomecompetitivewithold-fashionedgenerationtechnologies:in2010,2015or2020.

Aboutthree-quartersofthosepresent,onevisitorhappilyobserved,were"cheque-

writers”.This"megatrend",thekeynotespeakeradvocated,"maybethebiggestjoband

wealth-creationopportunityofthe21stcentury."Suchexaggerationmightremindpeople

ofdotcombubble.Butclean-cncrgyadvocatesinsistgrowthissustainablebecauseofthe

likesofMr.Schwarzenegger.TheGovernorisaheroingreencirclesbecauseofhis

enthusiasmforenvironmentalregulation.Heeasilywonreelectionpartlybecausehe

seizedonglobalwarmingasaconcernandsignedintolaw—America'sfirstwide-

rangingschemetocapgreenhouse-gasemissions.

26、Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,wecanleamthat.

A、cleanenergybusinessisboomingwhiletherisksaretotallyoverlooked

B、venturecapitalistshavewastedmuchmoneyon"hippy-dippytreehungers"

C、cleanenergybusinessissurgingandchangestheventurecapitalmarket

D、theinformation-technologyindustryiscorrespondinglyshrinkingfast

标准答案：C

知识点解析：段落推断题。根据前两段，投资者们对清洁能源行业的投资成倍增

长，改变了风险投资市场，因此选［C|项。［A］项说清洁能源的风险完全被忽略，而

原文说的是lightlyignored,因此［A］项错误.［B］项中的wastemoney没有在文中提

及：文中只是说到了环保主义者势力渐强，并没有说IT业相应地萎缩了，因此［D］

项也不正确。

27、WhichofthefollowingistrueofPara.3?

A、Cleanenergyfeverisfuelledmainlybyhumanpsychologicalweakness.

B、Theenergyprovisionforthecomingdecadeswillundergorapidchanges.

C^Hydrogenasanewenergywillreplacetraditionalenergyformslikecoal,andgas.

D、Supportersofcleanenergybusinessarcprettyoptimisticaboutitsfuture.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。第三段段尾提到，支持者认为，它仍将激发该行业公司

的巨大增长，可推知正确答案为［D］项。［A］项”人类的心理弱点”无中生有，属过度

推断；［B］项属强干扰项，事实上，这只是清洁能源业的cheerleaders的看法：文中

说的是氢燃料将取代内燃机，因此［C］项亦排除。

28、Theword"cheque-writers"(Line10,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto.

A、tycoons

B、donators

CNinvestors

D、celebrities

标准答案：C

知识点解析：词义理解题。|A|.［D］项词义重合，可排除。第四段提到的这次大会

是投资银行组织的关于清洁能源的讨论会，因此可推知与会者是投资者，而不是捐

助者或慈善家，故选［C］项。

29、Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat.

A、cleanenergyindustryandthedotcomindustryhavethesamebusinessmodel

B、thedotcomindustrymighthaveundergonearapidbutunsustainabledevelopment

C、Schwarzeneggerhasinsistedthatgrowthincleanenergybusinessissustainable

D、globalwarminghasbecomeapopularanddecisiveissueinpoliticalelections

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。最后一段提到，该行业的投资热让人想起了网络业的泡

沫，说明网络行业曾增长迅猛，但很快如泡沫般破碎了，因此［B|项正确。文中没

提到行业模式，［A］项错误；文中说的是施瓦辛格之类的政治家支持清洁能源，所

以支持者们才会认为该行业发展是可持续的，而不是施瓦辛格本身坚持说该行业的

发展是可持续的，因此［C］项错误；［D］项说全球变暖问题在政治选举中很普遍且起

决定性的作用，这只是美国加州的事实，并不具普遍意义且文中也没有提及全球变

暖在选举中的作用，因此［D］项属过度推断。

30、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardscleanenergybusiness?

A、Optimistic.

B、Enthusiastic.

C、Objective.

D^Subjective.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：观点态度题。通观全文，既有对该行业蓬勃发展的描述，陈述了充满

信心的支持者们的观点，也提到了目前这股投资热是“夸张的''和“大胆的因此作

者的态度应当是客观的。选［C］项。

Foralongtime,researchershavetriedtonaildownjustwhatshapesus-orwhat,at

least,shapesusmost.Andovertheyears,they'vehadalotoffindingmoments.Firstit

wasourparents,particularlyourmothers.Thenitwasourgenes.Nextitwasourpeers,

whoshowuplastbutholdgreatsway.Andallthoseideasweregoodones-butonlyas

farastheywent.Thefactisonceinvestigatorshadexposedallthedatafromthose

theories,theystillcameawaywithasmanyquestionsasanswers.Somewhere,therewas

asortoftemperamentaldarkmatterexertinganinvisiblegravitationalpullofitsown.

Moreandmore,scientistsareconcludingthatthisunexplainedforceisoursiblings.

Fromthetimetheyareborn,ourbrothersandsistersareourcollaboratorsand

coconspirators,ourrolemodelsandcautionarytales.Theyareourscolds,protectors,

goads,tormentors,playmates,counselors,sourcesofenvy,objectsofpride.Theyteach

ushowtoresolveconflictsandhownotto;howtoconductfriendshipsandwhentowalk

awayfromthem.Sistersteachbrothersaboutthemysteriesofgirls;brothersteachsisters

aboutthepuzzleofboys.Ourspousesarrivecomparativelylateinourlives;ourparents

eventuallyleaveus.Oursiblingsmaybetheonlypcop'cwe'lleverknowwhotruly

qualifyaspartnersforlife."Siblings,"saysfamilysociologistKatherineConger,"are

withusforthewholejourney."Withinthescientificcommunity,siblingshavenotbeen

whollyignored,butresearchhasbeenlimitedmostlytodiscussionsofbirthorder.Older

sibsweresaidtobestrivers;youngeronesrebels;middlekidsthelostsouls.The

stereotypeswerebroad,ifnotentirelyuntrue,andtherethediscussionmostlyended.But

allthat'schanging.AtresearchcentersintheU.S.,Canada,Europeandelsewhere,

investigatorsarelaunchingawealthofnewstudiesintothesiblingdynamic,lookingat

waysbrothersandsisterssteeroneanotherinto-orawayfrom—riskybehavior;how

theyformaprotectivebufferagainstfamilyupheaval;howtheyeducateoneanother

abouttheoppositesex;howallsiblingscompeteforfamilyrecognitionandcometo

termsoversuchimpossiblychargedissuesasparentalfavoritism.Fromthatresearch,

scientistsaregainingintriguinginsightsintothepeoplewebecomeasadults.Doesthe

managerwhorunsacongenialofficecallonthepeacemakingskillslearnedinthefamily

playroom?Dohusbandsandwivesbenefitfromtheinter-gendernegotiationstheywaged

whentheirmostimportantpartnersweretheirsistersandbrothers?Allthatisunder

investigation."Siblingshavejustbeenofftheradarscreenuntilnow,"saysConger.But

todayseriousworkisrevealingexactlyhowourbrothersandsistersinfluenceus.

31、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceofparagraph1?

Previousfindingsrevealedwhatshapesus.

B、Previousfindingswereaccurateandtrustworthy.

C、Previousfindingscontributedinalimitedway.

D^Previousfindingswenttoofarinexplanation.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。由题干定位至首段，该段首先指出研究人员一直以来想

弄清楚的一个问题：是叶么塑造了人?第二句指出他们有了许多发现：父母、基

因、同龄人等。最后末句指出：这些想法都很好。接着话锋一转，butonlyasfaras

theywent说明是有条件的"好前一句的whoshowuplastbutholdgreatsway意为"

最后出现但是影响力最大"，结合末句内容可以得出结论：先前有关whatshapesus

这个问题的答案在某种程度上是对的。答案选项与此意思相近，故为答案。首段为

典型的新老对比型开篇模式，在对先前的研究成果进行肯定之后，话锋一转，引出

文章论点。

32、Theword"siblings"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans

A、parents.

B、genes.

C、peers.

D、brothersandsisters.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义理解题。根据题干中的siblings定位至第二段末句，结合该词所

在上下文综合推断其词义。该句指出：越来越多的科学家得出结论，即这个无法解

释的力量就是我们的siblings。接着第三段首句提到：从出生那一刻起，兄弟姐妹

就是我们的合作者和共谋者，是行为榜样和引以为戒的反面例子。如果前文没有提

到兄弟姐妹，此处没有过渡，突然出现就会非常突兀，让读者摸不着头脑，因此可

以推断siblings就是第三段首句中提到的brothersandsisters之意。第三段前四句都

是涉及brothers和sisters的内容，只是在第五句中提到parents,由于与siblings位

置相隔太远，从语义衔谖关系来看，两者没有联系；首段出现了peers,genes,同

理我们找不出它们与siblings相关联的语境。

33、KatherineCongermentions"Siblingsarewithusforthewholejourney"toshow

A、theycanprovideimportantsuggestionsforus.

B、theycanaccompanyusthroughoutourlife.

C、theymayofferusgreathelp.

D、theyplanourjourneyfbrus.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：篇章结构题。由题干中的KatherineConger定位至第三段末句，该句

出现KalherineConger的引用。我们知道，引用通常是用作论据的细节内容，其前

面一定出现了某个观点。倒数第二句提到：兄弟姐妹是我们所知真正有资格作为人

生伴侣的人。可见KatherineConger的话是对此句的解释说明。此处的引用是为了

说明前一句的观点，该处没有就siblings是否能够提供建议进行说明；同理，也没

有提到是否能够提供帮助；这里只是提到siblings陪我们度过人生，没有说帮助我

们规划人生。

34、Studiesonsiblingsbyscientistsusedto

A、betotallyforgotten.

B、fbcusonlyonthesonsnotdaughters.

C、mainlyfocusontheordersofthekids.

D^fbcusonthesiblingdynamic.

标准答案：c-

知识点解析：事实细节题。第四段提至I」了siblings和research,这与题干吻合，因

此定位至该段。首句指出：在科学界，兄弟姐妹的影响并没有被完全忽略，但是对

他们的研究主要局限在出生顺序_L,可见答案选项为答案。注意：笫四段笫二句提

到newstudiesintothesiblingdynamic,这是提到现在的研究内容，不是过去的内

容。

35、Fromthelastparagraphwccanconcludethat

A、siblingsarenotintherangeofscientificresearch.

peoplelearnedmanagementskillsfromfamilyplayroom.

C^spouseslearnednegotiationskillsfromtheirsistersandbrothers.

D、studiesonsiblingsareontheirway.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：事实细节题。由题干内容直接定位至末段。倒数第二段介绍了现在对

siblings的研究情况，末段首句指出：通过研究，科学家们对人类如何长大成人有

了深刻的理解。接下来又提出了一系列有关siblings影响力的问题，然后指出All

thatisunderinvestigation,由此得出结论：对于siblings的研究还在继续进行当中，

故答案选项为答案。末段引用处指出：Siblingshavejustbeenofftheradarscreen

untilnowo这里是说该问题过去不受关注，但现在情况发生了改变；末段第二句提

到了公司的管理技能和家庭游戏室，但这是提出的问题，从后面的under

investigation看出此问题还没有答案。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共

5分。）

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelist(A^B、C>D、E、F^G.......)tofitintoeachofthe

numberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.(10

points)Onemorning,afewyearsago,HarvardPresidentNeilRudenstineoverslept.

(41).Onlyafterathree-monthsabbatical-duringwhichhereadessayistLev/is

Thomas,listenedtoRavelandwalkedwithhiswifeonaCaribbeanbeach—washeable

toreturntohispost.Thatweek,hispicturewasonthecoverofNewsweekmagazine

besidethebannerheadline"Exhausted!"Intherelentlessbusynessofmodernlife,we

havelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.Ispeakwithpeopleinbusinessand

education,doctorsandday-careworkers,shopkeepersandsocialworkers,parentsand

teachers,nursesandlawyers,studentsandtherapists,communityactivistsandcooks.

Remarkably,thereisauniversalrefrain:"Iamsobusy".Themoreourlifespeedsup,the

morewefeelweary,overwhelmedandlost.(42).Instead,thewholeexperienceof

beingalivebeginstomeltintooneenormousobligation.Itbecomesthestandardgreeting

everywhere:"Iamsobusy."Wesaythistooneanotherwithnosmalldegreeofpride.

Thebusierweare,themoreimporlantweseemtoourselvesand,weimagine,toothers.

Tobeunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily,tobeunabletofindtimeforthesunset(or

evennottoknowthatthesunhassetatall),towhizthroughourobligationswithouttime

forasinglemindfulbreath-thishasbecomethemodelofasuccessfullife.Becausewe

donotrest,weloseourway.Welosethenourishmentih