2026年全国银行招聘之银行招聘综合知识考试素养提升题详细参考解析

姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 姓名:_________________编号:_________________地区:_________________省市:_________________ 密封线 密封线 2026年银行招聘考试重点试题精编注意事项:1.全卷采用机器阅卷，请考生注意书写规范；考试时间为120分钟。2.在作答前，考生请将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号涂写在试卷和答题卡规定位置。

3.部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题部分必须使用黑色签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。

4.请按照题号在答题卡上与题目对应的答题区域内规范作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效:在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。(参考答案和详细解析均在试卷末尾)一、选择题

1、《中华人民共和国土地改革法》规定土地改革的根本目的是（）。A.废除封建剥削的土地制度B.实行农民的土地所有制C.解放农村生产力，为工业化开辟道路D.实行耕者有其田的土地制度

2、Similarly,hetoldcouplestoseekmaritalcounseling____ifthey’rehavingtroublecommunicating.A.onthebrinkB.onthevergeC.inparticularD.aheadoftime

3、Yoursuggestioncouldonlymakethingsworse____.A.ifanythingB.ifeverythingC.ifnothingD.ifsomething

4、Passage8Theveryloansthataresupposedtohelpseniorsstayintheirhomesareinmanycasespushingthemout.Reversemortgages,whichallowhomeowners62andoldertoborrowmoneyagainstthevalueoftheirhomesandnotpayitbackuntiltheymoveoutordie,havelongbeenfraughtwithproblems.Butfederalandstateregulatorsaredocumentingnewinstancesofabuseassmallermortgagebrokers,includingformersubprimelenders,floodthemarketaftertherecentexitofbigbanksandasdefaultsontheloanshitrecordrates.Somelendersareaggressivelypitchingloanstoseniorswhocannotaffordthefeesassociatedwiththem,nottomentionthepropertytaxesandmaintenance.Othersarewooingseniorswithpromisesthattheloansarefreemoneythatcanbeusedtofinancelong-covetedcruises,withoutclearlyexplainingtherisks.Somewidowsarefacingevictionaftertheysaytheywerepressuredtokeeptheirnameoffthedeedwithoutbeingtoldthattheycouldbeleftfacingforeclosureaftertheirhusbandsdied.Now,asthevastbabyboomergenerationisenteringretirementandmoreseniorsstrugglewithdecliningsavings,thenewlymintedConsumerFinancialProtectionBureauisworkingonnewrulesthatcouldmeanbetterdisclosureforconsumersandstrictersupervisionoflenders.Morethan775,000ofsuchloansareoutstanding,accordingtothefederalgovernment.Concernsaboutthemultibillion-dollarreversemortgagemarketechothoseraisedinthelead-uptothefinancialcrisiswhenconsumersweremarketedloans—oftencarryinghiddenrisks—thattheycouldnotafford.“Therearemanyofthesameredflags,includingexplosivegrowthandthefactthattheseloansareoftenadvertisedaggressivelywithoutregardtosuitability,”saidLoriSwanson,theMinnesotaattorneygeneral,whoisworkingonreformingthereversemortgagemarket.Whichistrueabouttheproblemofreversemortgage（）.A.SomelendersareunwillingtolendmoneytoseniorsB.TheborrowerscannotpaybackthemoneyasexpectedC.FederalandstateregulatorsaredocumentingtheobjectionD.Somelendersgobankrupt

5、对利随本清的存款计算存期时，下列说法正确的是()。A.存人日计息，支取日不计息B.存入日、支取El均计息C.存人的第二日起息，算至支取日D.存入的第二日起息，算至支取的前一日

6、下面属于非票据结算的是（）。A.汇兑结算B.汇票结算C.本票结算D.支票结算

7、资料：Arewalkerssmarterthandrivers?AreportpublishedlastmonthsaysmetropolitanareasintheUnitedStatesthatwerefoundtobemorepedestrian-friendlyalsooftenhadhigherlevelsofGDP-andtheircitizenswerebettereducated.ThestudywasconductedbySmartGrowthAmerica,anurbanadvocacygroupbasedintheDistrictofColumbia.Itlookedatthe30biggestmetrozonesintheUS,andrankedthembyhowmuchoffice,retail,andresidentialareawasconducivetowalking.Thequestionis,why?Dobrainierpeoplejustliketowalkandnotdrive?It'sacomplicatedanswer.Whatwedon'tknowiswhetherwalkableplacesattracteducatedpeople,orwhethereducatedpeoplemovetocertainplacesthatthenbecomemorewalkable.That'snotall:Educationlevelsaren'tjusthigherinwalkablecities.GDPis,too.ThegapbetweenthehighestandlowesturbanmetrosbyGDPinthestudyisachasmof49%,whichscholarcallsa"firstandsecondworldgap.Thisisseriousstuff."Ofcourse,correlationdoesn'tequalcausation.There'snotenoughdatatodefinitivelysaywhytheseurbanareasarefilledwitheducatedpeople.Butit'sdefinitelyastartingpointforconversation:Manysocioeconomicandgenerationaltrendstheworldovercouldhelpexplainwhyuniversitygraduatesgravitatetowardcrowded,subway-linedmetropolisesthesedays.Infact,suchanintellectualinfluxhasstartedtochangetheentirefacesofsomeurbanareas.Increasedurbanizationisn'ttheonlyreasoncar-eschewingcitiesseesmartercitizens.Youngpeopleplayarole,too.Millennials-thosebornbetweenaround1981and1996-arethemosteducatedgenerationinhistory.Nearlyhalfofthemholdabachelor'sdegreeorhigher.They'realsoallmovingtocities,unliketheirparents.ThesespikesintheworkforcetranslateintometroswithhigherGDPandhigheroveralleducationlevels.What'sthearticlemainlyabout?A.DifferentchoicesoftransportationB.IncreasedurbanizationC.ThecorrelationbetweeneducationlevelsandGDPD.Astudyconductedbyanurbanadvocacygroup

8、犯罪的未遂可能发生在（）。A.犯罪着手以前B.犯罪着手以后C.犯罪预备阶段D.犯罪中止之后

9、资料：IntheUnitedStatesofAmerica,banksarecategorizedintothefederally-charteredbankwhichreceivedtheircharterfromtheOfficeoftheComptrolleroftheCurrency（OCC）;thesearereferredtoas“NationalBanks”;andalsothestates-charteredbankswhichreceivetheircharterfromthesuperintendenttoas“StateBanks”.Banksareallowedtoregistereitherwiththefederalorthestateauthority.LetusnowlookattheorganizationalstructureofCommercialBanks,whichincludeunitbanking,groupbankingandbranchbanking.Themaincharacteristicofunitbankingisthatitcanoperateonlyasinglefullservicebankfromasinglelocation.Unitbankinginstitutionsarenotallowedtohavebranchnetworks.However,unitbankingdoesnotnecessarilyhavetobesmall.Infact,manyunitbanksarequitelarge.Groupbankingreferstobankingoperationsconductedbyacorporationowningmorethanonebank.Thegroupbankingsystemusuallyexistsinthestateswherebranchbankingisprohibited.Asforbranching,itissometimesreferredto“limitedbranching”or“statesidebranching”.Limitedbranchingallowsbanktooperatebrancheswithingeographicterritoriesauthorizedbythestatelaw.Statesidebranchingimpliesthatbankbranchesareallowedtooperateanywherewithinthestate.NewYorkState,California,FloridaandsomeothersarestatesidebranchbankingareaswhichMinnesota,Arkansas,lowerandothersarelimitedbranchingareas.IntheUnitedStates,therearealsospecializedbanksincludingtheEdgeActBanks,theinternationalBankingFacility,thebankers’banks,thesavingbanks,thesavingsandloansassociations,thecreditunionsandgovernmentownedandtheRealEstateInvestmentTrust（TEIT）.Therearealsonon-bankfinancialinstitutionsintheUSA,includingthesecuritiesfirms,theleasingandcommercialfinancecompanies,themortgagebankersandtheRealEstateInvestmentTrust（REIT）.LetusnowlookattheFederalSystem.CommonlyknownastheFederalReserveBankorthe“Fed”,thisistheCentralBankoftheUnitedStatesfoundedin1913.ItdeterminesthereserverequirementwithinlimitssetbytheUSCongress.ThefunctionoftheFediseconomicstabilizationthroughthemanagementofthenation’smoneysupply.TheFederalReserveSystemcomprisesaboardofgovernorswith7membersstationedinWashingtonD.CReserveBanks,includingBoston，NewYorkCity,DallasandSanFrancisco.TheFederalReserveAct（FRA）1913setoutthepowersoftheFedwhich,ontopoftheregularcentralbank’sobjectives,emphasizethefollowing.i.ManagingthemonetarysystemandmoneysupplyoftheUSA;ii.Providingfundsasthelenderoflastreport;iii.Providingforanefficientcherubclearingsystem;iiii.Providingarigorousbankingsupervisionsystem.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?（）A.NationalBanksintheUSArefersto“StateBanks”B.ThegroupbankingsystemusuallyexistsinthestateswherebranchbankingisprohibitedC.StatesidebranchingimpliesthatbankbranchesareallowedtooperateanywherewithinthestateD.Limitedbranchingallowsbanktooperatebrancheswithingeographicterritoriesauthorizedbythestatelaw

10、在总线拓扑的网络中，每次可传输信号的设备数目为（）。A.2个B.3个C.1个D.任意个

11、资料：ThesoybeanpricesendedhigherthisMondayastradersexpectsuppliestoremaintight.TheactivelyJulycontractforsoybeansrose20centstosettleat$14.85abushel.TheU.S.government'sweeklypredictionforsoybeanexportswashigherthantradersexpected,saidMikeZulo.PresidentofaconsultingcompanyinAtchison,Kansas.SuppliesforbeanshavebeenextraordinarilytightasChina'sdemandforsoymealcontinuestoincreaseevenasU.S.productionstaysrelativelysteady,hesaid.Soybeanpriceshaverisenabout15percentthisyear.“ThatU.S.D.A.numbercausedthetradetorefocusonjusthowrazor-thinsuppliesareheadingintonextfall'sharvest.”Zulosaid.Whydidthepricesofsoybeanriseaccordingtothepassage?A.BecausethegeneralproductionofsoybeanstayedsteadyB.BecausethesupplieswereexpectedtokeeptightC.BecauseChina’sdemandforsoybeanincreasedD.Becausethetradeofsoybeanwasquiteactive

12、Passage4AMENTORING（导师制）programisgivinglifechangingopportunitiestoBanburyyouth.YoungInspirationswasfoundedtwoyearsagotoprovidementoringsessionsforstudentsandunemployedyoungadultsaged11to21.AlexGoldberg,theprogram'sfounder,said;“WesetupYoungInspirationsbecausewewantedtogiveyoungpeopleexperienceswhichwillpotentiallybelifechangingandbroadentheiroutlook.Wetrytocreateworkexperienceopportunitiesthatwillreallymakeadifferencetoouryouth.Forexample,we’vesecuredinternshipswithworld-famousfirmssuchasHonda.”“Atatimeoffundingcutbackswhereschoolsarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttoofferthiskindofmentoring,itisextremelyimportantthattheseopportunitiesareavailablebothtohelpyouthwiththeirschoolworkandgradesandtogivethemopportunitieswhichmayhelpshapetheirfutures.”KieranHepburn,14,isoneofagroupofBanburyyouthwhohasbenefitedfromtheprogramsofar.InOctobertheBanburySchoolpupilwasaccompaniedbyYoungInspirationsstafftoPariswherehewasanobserverattheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization's（UNESCO）InternationalYouthForum.Theeventwasheldforyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld,toseektheirviewsonhowthefutureofyouthandeducationshouldlook.Kieranjoinedseveralhundredobserversmostlyintheir20sandwastheonlyUKschoolpupiltoattendtheevent.Kieranthinksthetripwasalifechangingexperience.“BeforeweleftIdidn'tquiteknowwhattomakeofitbutwhenwegottherewedidn'tstop,itwasamazing,”hesaid,“Wewenttothreeorfourhoursofdebateseachdayandthendidsomethingculturaleachafternoon.”Themainthemeoftheforumwashowyouthcandrivechangeinpoliticalandpubliclife.Itdealtwithissuessuchasdrugabuse,violenceandunemployment.Kieransaid:“IthasreallyhelpedmetoimprovemyconfidenceandsocialskillsaswellasmyschoolgradesandIwasvotedmostimprovedpupilatschoolinAugust.”TheYoungInspirationsmentoringsessionstakeplaceeachFridayinBanbury.Fordetailsvisit.TheYoungInspirationsmentoringprogramaimsto（）.A.trainstaffforworld-famousfirmsB.offerjobopportunitiestoyoungadultsC.provideyouthwithuniqueexperiencesD.equiptheunemployedwithdifferentskills

13、在完全竞争市场条件下，处于长期均衡状态下的厂商将选择平均成本最小化所对应的生产规模，这是因为（）。A.厂商自由进入将导致该行业中的厂商，不论其生产规模为多大，长期利润均为零B.厂商追求利润最大化，为获得最大利润，厂商需要选择最小平均成本所对应的生产规模C.厂商追求利润最大化和厂商的自由进入导致最大利润为零D.行业中的厂商试图最有效的生产

14、填入括号中最恰当的词语是（）。（1）在任何时候，我们都不能把希望寄托在别人身上，只有（），激发内在的力量，才能在这场克争中找到位置。（2）电竞赛场上，红队和蓝队你攻我守，互不相让，一番（）后更是在一处高地上展开了激烈的胶着战。A.再接再厉龙争虎斗B.自力更生明争暗斗C.自力更生龙争虎斗D.再接再厉明争暗斗

15、一位专家表示，如果疫情发生在一个中小城市，而不是这样的核心城市，当地政府不会如此紧张，担心引发城市的舆论危机和社会危机，也就会降低控制舆论的风险，从而采取有效措施来处理。同时，各方面对于中小城市的各种资源供给也会充裕，而且各种救助措施也会针对较少的人口而更为简洁和有效。最能概括这位专家意思的是（）。A.大城市的管理难度比中小城市更大，特别是在暴发疫情的时候B.建议改变过去发展核心城市的策略，鼓励中小城市发展C.比起大城市，中小城市暴发疫情后的防控工作会更为简单有效D.疫情发生在中小城市的话，当地政府就不会紧张

16、Exce1的工作表中，通常情况下列标记是（），行标记是（）。A.字母、数字B.数字、字母C.汉字、数字D.数字、汉字

17、Ihearmanyparentssayingthattheirteenagechildrenarerebellion.Iwishitwereso.Atyourageyououghttobegrowingawayfromyourparents.Youshouldbelearningtostandonyourowntwofeet.Buttakeagoodlookatthepresentrebellion.Itseemsthatteenagersarealltakingthesamewayofshowingthattheydegreewiththeirparents.Insteadofstrikingoutbravelyontheirown,mostofthemaretryingtoseizeatoneanother’shandsforsafety.Theysaytheywanttodressastheyplease.Buttheyallwearthesameclothes.Theysetoffinnewdirectionsinmusic.Butsomehowreasonforthinkingoractinginthus-and-suchawayisthatthecrowdisdoingit.Theyhavecomeoutoftheircocoon—intoalargercocoon.Ithasbecomeharderandharderforateenagertostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandtogohisorherownway.Industryhasfirmlyopenedupateenagemarket.ThesedayseveryteenagercanlearnfromnewspapersandTVwhatateenagershouldhaveandbe.Andmanyoftoday’sparentshavecometoawardhighmarksforthepopularityoftheirchildren.Allthisaddsuptogreatdifficultyfortheteenagerwhowantstofindhisorherownpath.Butthedifficultyisworthgettingover.Thepathisworthfollowing.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Youmayhavesomethoughtsthatyoudon’tcaretoshareatoncewithyourclassmates.Well,gotoit.Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillcome—withthepeoplewhorespectyouforwhoyouare.That’stheonlykindofpopularitythatreallycounts.Duringtheteenageyears,oneshouldlearnto（）.A.becomedifferentfromothersinasmanywaysaspossibleB.findone’srealselfC.getintotherightreasonandbecomepopularD.rebelagainstparents

18、资料：Arewalkerssmarterthandrivers?AreportpublishedlastmonthsaysmetropolitanareasintheUnitedStatesthatwerefoundtobemorepedestrian-friendlyalsooftenhadhigherlevelsofGDP-andtheircitizenswerebettereducated.ThestudywasconductedbySmartGrowthAmerica,anurbanadvocacygroupbasedintheDistrictofColumbia.Itlookedatthe30biggestmetrozonesintheUS,andrankedthembyhowmuchoffice,retail,andresidentialareawasconducivetowalking.Thequestionis,why?Dobrainierpeoplejustliketowalkandnotdrive?It'sacomplicatedanswer.Whatwedon'tknowiswhetherwalkableplacesattracteducatedpeople,orwhethereducatedpeoplemovetocertainplacesthatthenbecomemorewalkable.That'snotall:Educationlevelsaren'tjusthigherinwalkablecities.GDPis,too.ThegapbetweenthehighestandlowesturbanmetrosbyGDPinthestudyisachasmof49%,whichscholarcallsa"firstandsecondworldgap.Thisisseriousstuff."Ofcourse,correlationdoesn'tequalcausation.There'snotenoughdatatodefinitivelysaywhytheseurbanareasarefilledwitheducatedpeople.Butit'sdefinitelyastartingpointforconversation:Manysocioeconomicandgenerationaltrendstheworldovercouldhelpexplainwhyuniversitygraduatesgravitatetowardcrowded,subway-linedmetropolisesthesedays.Infact,suchanintellectualinfluxhasstartedtochangetheentirefacesofsomeurbanareas.Increasedurbanizationisn'ttheonlyreasoncar-eschewingcitiesseesmartercitizens.Youngpeopleplayarole,too.Millennials-thosebornbetweenaround1981and1996-arethemosteducatedgenerationinhistory.Nearlyhalfofthemholdabachelor'sdegreeorhigher.They'realsoallmovingtocities,unliketheirparents.ThesespikesintheworkforcetranslateintometroswithhigherGDPandhigheroveralleducationlevels.Theword"conduciveto"inparagraphtwoisclosestinmeaningto?A.AimedtoB.HelpfultoC.HarmfultoD.Relatedto

19、Itisimportanttoknowwhatcolorslookgood（）yourskinbeforeyoubuyclothes.A.forB.uponC.againstD.with

20、当外汇业务发生时，对有人民币外汇汇率的外币，都直接以（）为记账单位。A.外币B.原币C.外币或者原币D.依情况而定使用何种货币

21、Passage1Duringherjunioryearofhighschool,DianeRay'steacherhandedheraworksheetandinstructedthe17-year-oldtomapoutherfuturefinanciallife.Raypretendedtobuyacar,rentanapartment,andapplyforacreditcard.Then,sheandherclassmatesplayedthe"stockmarketgame",investingthehypotheticalearningsfromtheirhypotheticaljobsinthemarketinthedisastrousfallof2008."Ourpretendinvestmentscrashed,"Raysays,stillfrightened."Wegottoknowhowitfelttolosemoney."Thatpainofearningandlosingmoneyisafeelingthatpublicschoolsincreasinglywanttoteach.Fortystatesnowoffersometypeoffinancialinstructionatthehigh-schoollevel,teachingstudentshowtobalancecheckbooksandbuystockinmathandsocial-studiesclasses.Thoughit'stooearlytomeasurethefullinfluenceoftheGreatRecession,theinterestinpersonal-financeclasseshasrisensince2007whenbankfailuresstartedtooccurregularly.Now,manystatesincludingMissouri,Utah,andTennesseerequireteenagerstotakefinancialclassestograduatefromhighschool.SchooldistrictssuchasChicagoareencouragingmoney-managementclassesforkidsasyoungasprimaryschool,andabout300collegesoruniversitiesnowofferonlinepersonal-financeclassesforincomingstudents."Theseclassesreallysay,'Thisishowyouliveindependently,'"saysTedBeck,presidentofNationalEndowmentforFinancialEducation.Ratherthanteachinvestmentmethodsorfinancialskills,thesecoursesofferaback-to-the-basicsapproachtohandlingmoney:Don'tspendwhatyoudon'thave.Putpartofyourmonthlysalaryintoasavingsaccount,andinvestinthestockmarketforthelong-termratherthanshort-termgains.ForRay,thismeansdividingherearningsfromherpart-timejobatafast-foodrestaurantintoseparateenvelopesforpayingbills,spendingandsaving."Moneyissohardtomakebutsoeasytospend,"shesaysoneweekdayafterschool."Thatisthebigtakeaway."Teachingkidsaboutthevalueofcashcertainlyisoneoftheprograms'goals,butteachersalsowantstudentstothinkhardabouttheirfinanceslongterm.It'seasyforteenagerstogetannoyedaboutgaspricesbecausemanyofthemdrivecars.ButthehardpartisurgingthemtoputofftheinstantsatisfactionofbuyinganewT-shirtoraniPod."Investingandretirementaren'tthingsteenagersarethinkingabout.Forthem,thefutureisthisweekend,"saysGayleWhitefield,abusinessandmarketingteacheratUth’sRivertonHighSchool.That’sabiggoalfortheseclasses:preventingkidsfrommakingthesamefinancialmisstepstheirparentsdidwhenitcomestosaving,spending,anddebt.Thoughthepersonalsavingsratehasincreasedupto4.2percent,that’sstillafardistancefrom1982,whenAmericanssaved11.2percentoftheirincomes.“It’shardforschoolstoreachstrictmoney-managementskillswhenteenagersgohomeandwatchtheirparentsincreasecredit-carddebt.It’sliketellingyourkidsnottosmokeandthenlightingupacigaretteinfrontofthem,”Becksays.Evenwiththesechallenges,studentssuchasRaysaylearningaboutmoneyinschoolisworthwhile.AfterRayfinishedherfinancialclass,sheopenedupasavingsaccountatherlocalbankandstartedtothinkmoreabouthowsheandherfamilywouldpayforcollege.“Shejusthasabetterunderstandingofmoneyandhowitaffectstheworld,”sayshermother,Darleen－andthat’ssowntothedetailsofhowmoneyisspentfromdailyexpensestovarioustaxes.AllofthistalkofmoneycanmakeRayworry,shesays,butluckily,shefeelspreparedtofaceit.Aftercompletingthefinancialclass,DianeRayislikelyto（）.A.payoffallherdebtsB.handlehermoneybetterC.findajobinabankD.managethefamilyincome

22、《人民日报》报道，从20世纪60年代开始，大豆的营养价值和其他保健功能逐渐为世界各国所认识。各国都制定政策鼓励和发展大豆生产，世界市场上大豆供应猛增。这里所说的营养价值是指（）。A.商品的使用价值B.商品的交换价值C.商品的价值D.商品的价值和使用价值

23、我国的灿烂优秀文化中，有不少言简意赅的成语寓于哲理，尤其是具有批判意义的词语很耐人寻味。下列成语中否认了联系具有客观性的是（）。A.竭泽而渔B.照猫画虎C.东施效颦D.指鹿为马

24、______andpredictableincreasesinresearchfundingwillallowtheUnitedStatestoaccomplishagreatdeal.A.DetainedB.SustainedC.RemainedD.Constrained

25、已知某城市商品住宅平均销售价格2006年、2007年、2008年连续三年环比增长速度分别为1%、6%、9%，这三年该城市商品住宅平均销售价格的定基增长速度为（）。A.(101%×106%×109%)-1B.1%×6%×9%C.(1%×6%×9%)+1D.101%×106%×109%

26、资料：Demystifyinghowsocialandhuman-likerobotsworkisvitalsothatwecanunderstandandshapehowtheywillaffectourfuture,DrHaticeGuneswilltelltheHayFestivalnextweek.(1)Fearmongeringandmyth-makingabouthuman-likeandsocialrobotsisstoppingusfromengagingwiththetechnologybehindthemandhavinganinputintohowthey—andwe—evolve,saysHaticeGunes,AssociateProfessoratUniversityofCambridge'sComputerLaboratory.(2)DrGuneswillbespeakingaboutherresearchattheHayFestivalon1stJuneandsaysweneedtomovebeyondsensationalistportrayalsofhuman-likerobot.HerHaytalkwillcentreonhumanrobotinteraction[HRI]andhowitcanbeusedforourbenefit,forinstance,forhelpingchildrenwithautismlearnhowtoreadexpressionsandtostimulatethesensesofelderlypeopleincare.(3)DrGuneswilloutlinehowHRIworks.Shesaysithastobebelievableinordertobeeffective.Thatmeansrobots’appearanceisveryimportant.Thisiswhathasdriventhedevelopmentofhumanoidrobotswitharmsandaspectsofahumanfacewhichcanbehaveinahuman-likeway,forinstance,movingtheirarms,legsandeyes.However,moreimportantthanappearanceistheirbehaviourandemotionalexpressivity.DrGunesreferstothewaywerelatetoDisney’sanimatedcharacters.“Peoplebelieveinthembecausetheycanportrayemotion,”shesays.(4)Toachieveexpressivityrequiresanunderstandingofhowhumanemotionsareportrayedandtriggered.Scientistshavebeenworkingonartificialemotionalintelligencewhichenablesnewtechnologysuchasembodiedagentsandrobotstobothexpressanddetectemotions,understandingnon-verbalcues.DrGunescitestheworkofCharlesDarwinonthevisualnatureofemotionsandhowtheycanbemappedtovariouschangesinfacialexpressions.(5)Herresearchinvestigateshowhumanoidscanbeprogrammednotonlytoextractandrespondtofacialcluestoemotions,butalsotounderstandthecontextinwhichthoseemotionsareexpressed.Thatmeanstheywillbeabletoofferaresponsethatissensitivetospecificcontexts.(6)Willrobotseverbeabletohaveemotionsthemselvesthough?DrGunessaysthereisnoreasonwhynotandquestionswhatemotionsare.Theprocessofworkingwithrobotsonartificialemotionalintelligenceunpicksthenatureofouremotions,showingthemtobealayeringofdifferentgoals,experiencesandstimuli.(7)Anotherareawhichscientistsarelookingatintheirquesttoimprovehumanoids’believabilityispersonality.DrGuneshasdonealotofworkonpersonalityintelepresencerobotics,robotscontrolledremotelybyahuman—akindof3Davatar.Thesecanbeusedinmanyways,forinstance,bymedicalstafftoofferremotehomecare.Themedicalpersoncanbebasedanywhereandoperatetherobotthroughavirtualheadset.DrGunesisinterestedinhowpeoplereacttotheteleoperator(thehumancontrollingtherobotremotely)whoispresentinrobotform.Onceagain,boththerobot’sphysicalappearanceandbehaviourareimportantandresearchshowsthattheirpersonalityneedstobetaskdependent.(8)DrGunessaysthereremainsomebigchallengesforscientistsworkingonHRI,includinghowtoprocessandcombineallthedifferentdatatheyaregathering,howtomodifytheirappearanceandbehaviourdynamically,andhowtokeeptheirpowergoing24/7.Themajorchallenges,however,aretodowithbreakingdownsomeofthemythsandfearspeoplehaveabouthumanoids.(9)Partofthisisbecausetheydon’tunderstandthebenefitshumanoidrobotscanbringandwhy,forinstance,theyneedtotakeonahumanformandunderstandemotions.Shesayshumanoidscanbepositiveintermsofincreasingtrustandengagementamongcertaingroups,suchastheelderly;thathumanstendstoanthropomorphisetechnologyinanyevent;andthatrobotscanbeprogrammedtobelimitedtopositiveemotionsthatpromotealtruism.(10)“Peopletendtoloveorhaterobots,buttheydon’treallyknowalotabouA.ItisimportantforrobotstolearnaboutthecontextsoastounderstandhumanemotionsB.WhetherhumanoidswillhavehumanemotionsthemselvesstillremainsunclearC.ItisastigmaforrobotstohavedifferentlayersofhumanemotionsD.Thenatureofhumanemotionswillhinderthedevelopmentofhumanoids

27、下列离散程度的测度值中，能够消除变量值水平和计量单位对测度值影响的是（）。A.标准差B.离散系数C.方差D.极差

28、（）将引起美元对日元贬值。A.美国的货币供给增加B.美国的利率上升C.日本的利率下降D.日本从美国的进口增加

29、根据我国法律规定，对于两个以上的申请人分别就同样的发明创造申请专利的，实行的原则为（）。A.使用在先B.完成在先C.申请在先D.按照本人的技术职称高低

30、哲学的党性倾向是指（）。A.哲学的阶级性，在阶级社会为一定的阶级服务B.唯物主义和唯心主义的根本对立与斗争C.辩证法和形而上学的根本对立与斗争D.可知论和不可知论的根本对立与斗争

31、2019年8月8日，中国银行在北京举行《共建“5G联合创新应用实验室”框架协议》签约仪式,与（）共同成立5G联合创新应用实验室。根据协议，双方将开展面向5G的业务创新和场景创新，在创新通信、智慧网点、数字金融、数据智能、物联网金融等业务领域加强合作。A.中国移动B.中国电信C.中国联通D.广电总局

32、魏源在《海国图志》中阐述了“师夷长技以制夷”的思想。他所说的“长技”在19世纪中期已经出现的是（）。A.电话B.火车C.电视D.飞机

33、汽车轮胎上的沟纹的主要作用是（）。A.增加与地面的摩擦B.排除雨水和泥水C.增加车身的缓冲D.保护内胎，防止刺破

34、古希腊智者学派的出现，表明人类第一次意识到自己是自身所属社会的审判者，人有资格、有力量，也有权利重新规范自己的生活，这是原始宗教和自然统治之下人类自我意识的第一次觉醒，是西方人文精神的起源。这种理论是（）。A.水是万物的本原B.感觉即知识C.人是万物的尺度D.知识即美德

35、某银行向一家小微企业发放一笔期限为5年、额度为100万元人民币的贷款．年利率为6%。那么，若以单利法计算，5年后该银行应得的本利总和是（）万元。A.120B.118C.138D.130

36、公元前221年，秦王嬴政灭六国，实现统一，建立了秦朝，定都（）。A.洛阳B.咸阳C.北京D.南京

37、主张“世界上除了运动着的物质之外，什么也没有”的观点，属于（）。A.否认人的意识存在的自然唯物主义B.主张世界统一于物质的辩证唯物主义C.否认时间与空间存在性的唯心主义D.把人的意识理解成某种特殊的“精细物质”的机械唯物主义

38、资料：Thehopflowerhasbeenusedinbeer-makingatleastsincetheeighthcentury.Traditionallyitwasapreservative,butitalsoimpartsflavor.Tosome,thetasteisbitterandunpalatable,andthusmanybrewersuseonlyminimalamounts.But,dependingonvariety,growingconditions,andotherfactors,hopscanimpartarangeofflavorsthatconnoisseurssayrivalsthatofwinegrapes.Startinginthenineteen-seventies,smallbrewersontheWestCoastbegandramaticallyuppingtheamountofhopsintheirbrews.OneoftheirmostpopularproductswastheIndiapaleale,orL.P.A.,abrewthathasbeenaroundsincethelateeighteenthcentury.Thestorygoes