2026年湖南省部编版高一英语上册语法专项训练习题

2026年湖南省部编版高一英语上册语法专项训练习题1.Thenewlibraryinourschool______openedlastmonthandithasalreadyattractedalargenumberofstudents.A.wasB.isC.hasbeenD.hadbeen解析：本题考查动词时态。根据句意“我们学校的新图书馆上个月已经开放了，它已经吸引了大量学生”，强调动作从过去开始并持续到现在，应用现在完成时。选项A一般过去时，选项B一般现在时，选项C现在完成时，选项D过去完成时。故选C。2.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistakeinthemathtest.A.workedB.hadworkedC.workD.wereworking解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意“如果你更仔细一点，你数学考试就不会犯这样的错误了”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。选项A一般过去时，选项B过去完成时，选项C一般现在时，选项D过去进行时。故选B。3.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______satisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexperiment.A.isB.areC.wasD.were解析：本题考查主谓一致。根据就近原则，“teacher”是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。选项A是，选项B是，选项C是，选项D是。故选A。4.______shearrives,we’llstartthemeeting.A.AssoonasB.UntilC.BeforeD.After解析：本题考查时间状语从句。根据句意“她一到我们就开会”，表示“一……就……”关系，应用assoonas。选项B直到，选项C在……之前，选项D在……之后。故选A。5.Theboy,______parentsaredoctors,isgoingtostudymedicinenextyear.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。根据句意“那个父母是医生的小男孩明年要学医”，指代人的关系代词用who或that，此处用whose表所属关系。选项A谁，选项B谁（宾格），选项C谁的，选项D哪个。故选C。6.Itisimportantforustokeep______withourfriends,eventhoughwearefarawayfromeachother.A.touchB.touchingC.totouchD.touched解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意“保持与朋友联系对我们很重要”，keep后接不定式表目的。选项A接触，选项B接触（动名词），选项C接触，选项D接触（过去分词）。故选C。7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。根据句意“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣”，指代物的关系代词用which或that。选项A哪个，选项B哪个，选项C谁的，选项D谁（宾格）。故选A。8.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.A.amB.wereC.beD.willbe解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意“如果我是你，我会立刻向她道歉”，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般过去时。选项A是，选项B是，选项C是，选项D将要。故选B。9.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据句意“老师问学生们是否完成了作业”，连接词用if或whether，无实际意义。选项A是否，选项B是否，选项C那，选项D什么。故选A。10.Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismysister.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。根据句意“坐在长椅上的那个女孩是我姐姐”，指代人的关系代词用who或that，此处用who。选项A谁，选项B谁（宾格），选项C谁的，选项D哪个。故选A。1.Thecompanyislookingforsomeone______hasexperienceinmarketing.参考答案：who/that解析：根据句意“公司正在寻找有营销经验的人”，空格处需填关系代词指代人，用who或that。2.Ifyou______harder,youwillpasstheexam.参考答案：study解析：根据句意“如果你更努力，你会通过考试”，条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，空格处填study。3.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______awareoftheproblem.参考答案：is解析：根据就近原则，“teacher”是单数，谓语动词用单数形式is。4.______itrainstomorrow,wewillgohiking.参考答案：If解析：根据句意“如果明天不下雨，我们会去远足”，表示条件关系，空格处填If。5.Theman______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.参考答案：whom/who解析：根据句意“我昨晚和谈话的那个人是一位著名作家”，空格处需填关系代词指代人，用whom或who。6.Itisimportanttokeep______withyourfamilymembers.参考答案：intouch解析：根据句意“与家人保持联系很重要”，keepintouch是固定搭配。7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：which/that解析：根据句意“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣”，空格处需填关系代词指代物，用which或that。8.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.参考答案：were解析：根据句意“如果我是你，我会立刻向她道歉”，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般过去时，空格处填were。9.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.参考答案：if/whether解析：根据句意“老师问学生们是否完成了作业”，空格处需填连接词引导宾语从句，用if或whether。10.Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismysister.参考答案：who解析：根据句意“坐在长椅上的那个女孩是我姐姐”，空格处需填关系代词指代人，用who。1.Thenewlibraryinourschoolwasopenedlastmonth.(×)解析：根据句意“我们学校的新图书馆上个月已经开放了”，应用现在完成时hasbeenopened，而非一般过去时wasopened。2.Ifyouworkharder,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistake.(×)解析：根据句意“如果你更努力，你不会犯这样的错误”，表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般过去时，而非过去完成时。3.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherissatisfiedwiththeresults.(×)解析：根据就近原则，“teacher”是单数，谓语动词用单数形式is，而非are。4.Assoonasshearrives,wewillstartthemeeting.(√)解析：句子结构正确，表示“一……就……”关系。5.Theboywhoseparentsaredoctorsisgoingtostudymedicinenextyear.(√)解析：句子结构正确，whose表所属关系。6.Itisimportantforustokeeptouchwithourfriends.(×)解析：正确表达为keepintouch，而非keeptouch。7.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(√)解析：句子结构正确，which指代物。8.IfIamyou,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.(×)解析：表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般过去时，应为IfIwereyou。9.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(√)解析：句子结构正确，if引导宾语从句。10.Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister.(√)解析：句子结构正确，who指代人。1.Explainthedifferencebetween"presentperfect"and"simplepresent."参考答案：Presentperfect(e.g.,"hasfinished")isusedtodescribeanactioncompletedinthepastwithrelevancetothepresent,whilesimplepresent(e.g.,"finishes")isusedforhabitualactionsorfacts.解析：Presentperfectemphasizestheconnectiontothepresent,whilesimplepresentdescribesregularityoruniversality.2.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Passivevoiceisformedwith"be+pastparticiple"(e.g.,"Thebookisread").Thesubjectreceivestheaction.解析：Activevoiceis"subject+verb+object"(e.g.,"Hereadsthebook"),whilepassivevoiceshiftsthefocustotheobject.3.Whatisthefunctionof"whom"inasentence?参考答案："Whom"isanobjectpronounusedinformalwritingtorefertopeople(e.g.,"ThepersonwhomIspoketo...").解析："Whom"replaces"him/her"informalcontexts;"who"canreplacebothsubjectandobjectpronouns.4.Whydoweuse"if"insteadof"whether"insomesentences?参考答案："If"isusedforconditions(e.g.,"Ifitrains"),while"whether"isusedforalternatives(e.g.,"Whetheritrains").解析："If"introducesconditionalclauses;"whether"introducesnounclausesafterverbs/prepositions.5.Howdoyouformafutureperfecttensesentence?参考答案：Futureperfect(e.g.,"willhavefinished")isusedtodescribeanactioncompletedbeforeafuturetime.解析：Itcombinesfuturetense(will)withperfectaspect(have+pastparticiple).6.Whatisthedifferencebetween"too"and"either"?参考答案："Too"means"also"(e.g.,"Iwanttoo"),while"either"means"too"innegativesentences(e.g.,"Idon’twanteither").解析："Too"isaffirmative;"either"isnegative.7.Howdoyouuse"so"and"because"inasentence?参考答案："So"introducesaresult(e.g.,"Itrained,sowestayedhome"),while"because"introducesareason(e.g.,"Istayedhomebecauseitrained").解析："So"linkscauseandeffect;"because"explainsthecause.8.Whatisthefunctionof"whose"inasentence?参考答案："Whose"isapossessiverelativepronoun(e.g.,"Thegirlwhosebagwasstolen...").解析：Itreplaces"who/whom+possessivepronoun"(e.g.,"Thegirlwhohasthestolenbag").1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinpassivevoice:"Thestudentscompletedtheproject."参考答案：Theprojectwascompletedbythestudents.解析：Active→Passive:subject(project)+be+pastparticiple(completed)+by+agent(students).2.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformof"have":"She______finishedherhomeworkyet."参考答案：has解析：Presentperfectisusedforactionscompletedinthepastwithrelevancetothepresent.3.Transformthesentenceintoaquestion:"Heisadoctor."参考答案：Isheadoctor?解析：Changedeclarativetointerrogativebymovingtheauxiliaryverb(is)beforethesubject.4.Correcttheerror:"IfIwillgo,Iwillcallyou."参考答案：IfIgo,Iwillcallyou.解析：Conditionalclausesusesimplepresent,notfuture.5.Completethesentencewiththecorrectrelativepronoun:"Theman______Ispoketoismyuncle."参考答案：who/that解析：Relativepronounreferringtoaperson(subjectof"spoketo").6.Rewritethesentenceusing"because":"Heistired;hedidn’tsleepwell."参考答案：Heistiredbecausehedidn’tsleepwell.解析：Combinetwosentenceswith"because"toshowreason.7.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformof"too":"Iwantcoffee;______Iwanttea."参考答案：too解析："Too"isusedinaffirmativesentencestomean"also."8.Transformthesentenceintopassivevoice:"Theteachergaveushomework."参考答案：Homeworkwasgiventousbytheteacher.解析：Active→Passive:subject(homework)+be+pastparticiple(given)+to+indirectobject(us).【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.A4.A5.C6.C7.A8.B9.A10.A解析见各题。二、填空题1.who/that2.study3.is4.If5.whom/who6.intouch7.which/that8.were9.if/whether10.who解析见各题。三、判断题1.×2.×3.