八年级下册英语牛津深圳版Unit 1：Helping those in need 期末知识点复习课件

八年级

下册Unit1Helpingthoseinneed英语沪教牛津版必备词汇raisev.筹募；增加；提高permission

n.准许；批准

disabledadj.丧失能力的；有残疾的teenagern.青少年offerv.主动提出sufferv.（因疾病等）受苦；受折磨seriousadj.严重的illnessn.(某种)病organizev.组织；筹备expressv.表达，表露painn.痛苦，苦恼lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞的friendshipn.友情，友谊difficultyn.困难；费劲joyn.愉快，喜悦peacen.宁静，平静hurtv.（使）疼痛，受伤couragen.勇气，勇敢spiritsn.情绪；心境payv.(paid,paid)付费communityn.社区

词汇拓展1.permitv.允许----permissionn.允许2.organizev.组织----organizationn.

组织3.expressv.表达----expressionn.

表达4.painn/v.疼痛，使疼痛-----painful

v.疼痛的，痛苦的5.friendshipn.友谊---friend

n.朋友-----friendlyadj.友好的6.peace

n.和平-----peaceful

adj.和平的7.voluntaryadj.自愿的----volunteern.自愿者8.illnessn.疾病------illadj.生病的9.difficultyn困难----difficultadj困难的10.couragen.勇气----encouragev.鼓励11.disabledadj.残疾的----ableadj.有能力的----unableadj.不能的重点词汇解析1．permissionn.

准许/批准

（不可数名词）Jimtookthelaptopwithout

permission.

.

拓展：

permit

v.

允许；准许；使…有可能askpermissiontodosth

征得同意做某事askpermission

报请批准2.raisevt.

筹募、增加、提高raisemoneyfor

…

为……筹钱Theyareraisingmoneyforthepeoplewholosthomesintheearthquake.3.

takephotosof

给……拍照takephotos

拍照Tonyenjoystakingphotos.Hisuncletooklotsofphotosofanimalsindanger.拓展：makefriendswith

和……交朋友

exchangeseats交换座位

shakehandswithsb与某人握手

taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事4.die

vi.死

第三人称单数：dies

过去式：died

现在分词：dying

形容词：dead

名词：death注意：die为非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以转换成bedead.Hedied3yearsago.=Hehasbeendeadfor3years.5.need

1).

实义动词，意为“需要”

need+名词/代词/todosthneeddoingsth=needtobedone需要被做

They

don’t

needanyhelp.

Heneedstohaveagoodrest.

2).

情态动词，没有人称和数的变化

主要用于否定句和疑问句中needdosthYouneedn’tbecomeverynevous.--MustIbringmyhomeworknow?---No,youneedn’t.Youcanbringittomorrow.6.hope/wishhope

todosth希望做某事hope+that从句（表示容易实现的愿望）Ihopetoseeyousoon.Wehopethatwecouldbebackbeforedinner.

wishsbtodosth.希望某人做某事wish+that从句（表示不容易实现的愿望）7.sick/illsick

作表语生病的/恶心的Sheisill/sickinbed.Thesmellmakesmesick.作定语生病的Sheislookingafterhersickfather.ill作表语

生病的Sheisill/sickinbed.作定语

坏的、邪恶的Heisanillman.8.lonely

/alonelonely

adj

孤独的、寂寞的

是一种精神状态作定语Atheart,I’malonelyman.That’salonelyisland.作表语Weneverfeellonelyinshanghaialone：adj/adv独自的/单独的/仅仅侧重说明独自一人，没有同伴，形体上的单独即客观情况1)作形容词时，一般与be系动词连用，在句中作表语Sheisaloneathome2)作副词时，修饰动词，一般放动词后面作状语Iliketoworkalone.3)作副词时，作定语，译为只有、仅仅位于所修饰的名词或代词之后Healonewasinthesecret.Thisyouralone,wehaveplantedtenthousandtrees.必备短语、句型inneed需要帮助的voluntarywork义务性工作askpermission报请批准askpermissiontodosth

征得同意做某事sufferfrom因…受苦，受折磨raiseone’sspirits使振奋，使鼓起勇气inorderto为了giveone’sahand伸出援助之手disabledpeople残疾人raisemoney筹钱continuetodosth继续做另一件事（已经完成一件工作）continuedoingsth继续做同一件事（还没完成）beunabletodosth不能作某事offersb

sth=offer

sth

to

sb

给某人提供某物takephotos

拍照makefriendswith

和……交朋友helpsbdosth.

=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事helponeselftosth.随便吃某物can’t

helpdoingsth情不自禁做某事sb.+spend+money/time+(in)doingsth.某人花费时间/金钱做某事sb.+spend+money/time+onsth.某人在某物上花费金钱/时间

havefun(in)doingsth做某事有乐趣hopetodosth希望做某事havedifficulty/trouble/problems(in)doingsth.做某事有困难needdosth（need为情态动词）needtodosth(need为实义动词)it’sone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事teachsbtodosth教某人做某事teachsbsth教某人某事必备语法---动词不定式1.不定式作宾语1）不定式用来及物动词后作宾语，结构为：动词+不定式常见的及物动词有：begin,forget,learn,mean,need,prefer,try,afford,start,like,offer,agree,intend,plan,demand,ask,promise,help,prepare,decide,refuse,dare,choose,expect,want,wish,hope,fail,pretend,manage,determineHe

offered

to

help

me.Hedecidedtobuyanewcar.Wewanttogoswimming.2)It

作形式宾语，真正的不定式宾语放在后面主语+think/find/feel/consider/make/regard…+it+形容词/名词+不定式短语IfinditveryeasytoreadEnglisheveryday.Shethinksitherdutytohelpus.Tomdidn’tfinditdifficulttowritelettersinChinese.3)疑问词+不定式作宾语，常用下列动词连用：decide,know,show,tell,forget,remember,learn,findout,teach等Wedon’tknowwhentogo.Hedoesn’tknowhowtomakeabananamilkshake.Ihopeyouwilladvisemewhattodo.IhopeyouwilladvisemewhattodowithitIhopeyouwilladvisemehowtodoit.练一练1.—Ididn'thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That'sgood.Wetried

________

anynoise,foryouweresleeping.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making答案

B解析考查动词不定式。由题意可知：—我刚才没有听到你来。—挺好的。我们尽力不要弄出任何噪音，因为你在睡觉。trytodosth.意为"努力/尽力做某事"，否定式为trynottodosth.；trydoingsth.意为"尝试做某事"。故选B。练一练2.I

wantedtoseetheBeijingOpera,soLinglingoffered_______

metowatchanopera.A.tookB.takesC.totakeD.taking答案C解析考查非谓语动词。句意：我想去看京剧，所以玲玲主动提出带我去看一场京剧。offertodosth.意为"主动提出做某事"，故答案为C。练一练3.—Whydoesn'tthesurgeonstop

_______

lunch?—Becauseheistoobusy________

adyingpatientintheoperationroom.A.tohave;tosaveB.having;tosaveC.tohave;savingD.having;saving答案C解析考查非谓语动词。句意：—为什么这名外科医生不停下来去吃午饭？—因为他在手术室忙着挽救一位垂死的病人。stoptodosth.意为"停下来（去做）某事"；bebusydoingsth.意为"忙于做某事"。故选：C。练一练4.Heisbusyworkingatschool,butheneverforgets

______

hismomaphonecalleveryday.A.

givingB.

togiveC.

giveD.

gives答案B解析句意：他正忙于学校的工作，但是他从来没有忘记每天给他妈妈打一个电话。forgettodosth.忘记要做某事,（还没做）；forgetdoingsth.忘记做了某事（已经做过）。他从不忘记要跟妈妈打电话，用forgettodosth，故选B。练一练5.Tolivealow-carbonlife,wemustremember

_______

thelightswhenweleavetheroom.A.toturnoffB.turningoffC.nottoturnoff答案A解析考查非谓语动词。remembertodosth.记得要做某事（未做），rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事（已做）；根据目的状语Tolivealow-carbonlife可知，离开房间时必须记得关灯，此事未做。故选A。2.不定式作宾语补足语什么叫宾语补足语？一些及物动词的宾语后加上一个补足语，对其做进一步的补充说明，宾语补足语与前面的宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系或系表关系。1)大多数双宾的及物动词后，要用带to的不定式，这类及物动词常用的有:tell,ask,want,allow,wouldlike,encourage,hate,help,like,prefer,warn,prefer等，以上动词+宾语+todosth（作宾语补足语）MymotherencouragesmetolearnJapanese.Theyaskedhimtosingapopsongattheparty.2)一些使役动词和感官东西用不定式作宾补，但不定式要省略to一感：feel二听：hear,listento三让：let,make,have四看：lookat,see,watch,notice这些词变被动语态时要加上toTheyheardhimsingasonginthemeetingroom.Theboysawtwomenenterthehouse.Thebossmademyfriendsworkthewholenight.=Myfriendsweremadetoworkthewholenightbytheboss.练一练1.—You'dbetteradvisehim_________

anythingoutofthewindowwhiledriving.—Iwill.Hehastoknowit'sdangerous.A.notthrowingB.nothrowingC.nottothrowD.don'tthrow答案C解析考查动词不定式。句意：—你最好劝他开车时不要向车窗外乱扔东西。—我会的。他必须知道这很危险。advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事；advisesb.nottodosth.建议某人不要做某事。故选C。练一练2.Ourteacheroftenadvisesus

________

thehabitofmakingnoteswhilereading.A.todevelopB.developC.todevelopingD.developing答案A解析考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的老师经常建议我们养成读书时记笔记的习惯。advisesb.todosth.意为"建议某人做某事"，故答案为A。练一练3.Jimwantstohangoutwithhisfriendsatnight,buthisparentsdon'tallowhim________

so.A.doB.doesC.todoD.doing答案C解析考查非谓语动词。句意：吉姆想晚上和朋友们一起去闲逛，但是他的父母不允许他那样做。允许某人做某事，allowsb.todosth.，应选C项。练一练4.—Myteachersoftenencourageme________

morefriendsbutIfinditdifficult.—Yourteachers'ideaisright.Themorefriendsyoumake,

_______

youwillbe.A.tomake;themorehappyB.tomake;happierC.making;thehappierD.tomake;thehappier答案D解析考查非谓语动词和形容词的比较级。encouragesb.todo指鼓励某人去做某事，themore…,themore…指越来越…,故选D。3.不定式作状语不定式放在不及物动词后可以作目的状语，也可以放在某些形容词后作原因、结果、程度状语HewenttoAmericatolearnEnglish.(目的)Theywentouttohaveawalk.(目的)Iwassurprisedtohearthenews.(原因)Heistooyoungtojointhearmy.(结果)Totellyouthetruth,Idon’tlikeourChineseteacher.(修饰全句)练一练1.Doctorsinthetown