八年级下册英语沪教版Unit 1 Helping-Gramma

动词不定式教案荫城中学李旭英教学目标1.学会什么是动词不定式2.会使用动词不定式重难点1.能正确的使用动词不定式的各种用法教学步骤Grammar:

动词不定式Ⅰ.

不定式句法功能1.

作主语：The

cat

said,

“To

take

roller

coaster”is

terrible.

不定式短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首，但在很多情况下，尤其是在疑问句和感叹句中，往往放在谓语之后，而用先行代词it作形式主语。→The

cat

said,

“It’s

terrible

to

take

roller

coaster.”

How

long

did

it

take

you

to

take

roller

coaster?

How

terrible

it

is

to

take

roller

coaster?

不定式作主语常见句型：a)

It

is

+

adj.

(easy,

important,

difficult…)

+

不定式b)

It

is

+

n.

(a

pity,

a

pleasure,

one’s

duty,

a

shame)

+

不定式eg.

It’s

my

duty

to

teach

you

how

to

be

a

student

of

No.3

Middle

School.

c)

It

takes/needs/requires

+

some

time

(hours,

months,

days,

patience…)

+

不定式eg.

It

requires

patience

to

be

a

good

teacher.

2.

作表语：当句子的主语是aim,

idea,

policy,

question,

suggestion,

wish,

task,

duty,

job,

purpose等或者主语是what引导的名词性从句时，后面可以用不定式做表语，用以说明主语所包含内容。eg.

Our

most

important

task

now

is

to

make

a

plan.

注：作表语的不定式都带to，但当主语部分有实义动词do时，to可以省略。eg.

The

only

thing

we

can

do

now

is

wait

and

see.

3.作宾语

The

cat

said

“Remember

not

to

take

it

next

time!”.

a)

可以直接用不定式作宾语的动词很多，常见的有：agree,

afford,

tend,

ask,

decide,

determine,

expect,

fail,

hope,

learn,

intend,

manage,

offer,

plan,

promise,

refuse,

want,

wish等I

don’t

want

_____

like

I’m

speaking

ill

of

anybody,

but

the

manager’s

plan

is

unfair.

A.

to

sound

B.

to

be

sounded

C.

sounding

D.

to

have

sounded

当不定式短语比宾补长时，往往将不定式放到宾补后，而用先行代词it作形式宾语，常用动词有feel,

think,

find,

believe,

consider,

make等。The

cat

felt

it

terrible

to

take

roller

coaster.

b)

不定式一般不作介词的宾语，只有少数介词如but,

except等后面可以跟不定式作宾语。一般情况下作介词宾语的不定式都带to，如果but或except所在句子里的谓语动词都是实义动词do,

does,

did时，通常省略to。Eg.

We

have

no

choice

but

to

wait.

Cf.

We

can

do

nothing

but

wait.

4.

宾语补足语在SVOC句型中，许多动词都可以按不定式作宾语补足语。a)

通常作宾语补语的不定式要带to，常用于以下动词之后：ask,

tell,

advise,

allow,

enable,

expect,

force,

get,

like,

order,

teach,

want,

in