北京市第十九中学2026-2027学年高三上学期开学考英语试卷（含答案）

北京十九中高三英语摸底试题2026.8第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Istaredintothemirror,obsessedoverthefaceglaringbackatme.“IfIdidn’thavethisscar(伤疤),”Iwhispered,“maybepeoplewouldlikememore.”Becauseofthescaronmyface,Ioftenfeltlonelyand___1___.Goingtoschooleverydaycaused___2___inmychest—Ihadtofacestaresandquestionings.Yearsofbeinglaughedat___3___allmyconfidence.Iconstantlysought___4___fromothers,whichledmetofallinwiththewrongcrowd.Deepinside,IknewIwasonthewrongpathandneededachange—leavemyfearsbehindandbefreetobemewithouttheneedtopleaseandfitin.___5___,inmiddleschool,mylifetookaturn.Istartedtohangoutwithupliftingfriends,whoacceptedmewithout___6___,teachingmehowtolovemyself.Ms.Lewis,mysocial‑studiesteacher,alsoinspiredmetobethe___7___Iwantedtoseeintheworldandinvitedmetogiveaclassspeech.Infrontoftheclass,mylegs___8___liketreesinastorm,butasIspoke,Iforgotmynervousness.Forthefirsttime,Ididn’tfeellikethe“girlwithascar”—Ifeltbraveandconfident.Aftermyspeech,Ms.Lewissmiled,“Yourvoice___9___.Neverbeafraidtobedifferent.”Atthatmoment,everythingchanged.InolongerstaredintothemirrorwishingIwasnormal.Instead,Isawmyselfasthemirrorforthosewhofeeldifferenttosee:ourdifferenceisour___10___.1.A.impatient  B.unaccepted  C.impolite  D.uninterested2.A.regret  B.anger  C.tightness  D.emptiness3.A.hid  B.tested  C.stole  D.challenged4.A.feedback  B.forgiveness  C.advice  D.approval5.A.Thankfully  B.Gradually  C.Apparently  D.Generally6.A.purpose  B.complaint  C.judgment  D.fear7.A.harbor  B.change  C.bond  D.guide8.A.froze  B.stood  C.bent  D.shook9.A.matters  B.rises  C.breaks  D.flattens10.A.hope  B.luck  C.faith  D.power第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AAsavariantofAmericanfootball,flagfootballisatypeofsportinwhichaplayermustremoveaflagbeltfromtheballcarriertoendadown.Thefirstruleofthegameisthatcontact___11___playersisnotpermitted.Recently,it___12___(gain)greatpopularityinChinaamongyoungpeople.It’sengagingandridiculouslyfun.That’swhythepercentageofpeople___13___(join)aflagfootballclubthroughonlinechannelshasrisentoanewhighlevel.BOldConnections,atelecommunicationsmuseuminSeattle,withaworkingexchangefromthe1940s,___14___(show)howtelephonesbroughtustogether,butalsotoreusapart.Perhapsitshouldnotbe___15___(surprise)thattheInternethasbroughtwithitanewwaveofhorrificdestructiveness.Historyitselfisakindofradioprogramme,broadcasttousinfrequenciesthatbecomehardertoreceiveasweforgettheoldways.Butaslongaswekeeptheancientexchangesrunning,wehaveawaytorememberandunderstand___16___wecomefrom.CWangDakang,aged88,isamodeloflifelonglearning.Inthe1980s,hewasthefirstperson___17___(accomplish)aroundtripofChinausingonlyabicycle.Toeditthisexperienceintohisbook.Wangdecidedtogotocollege.Attheageof61,he___18___(admit)intocollege,majoringinjournalism.By2012,hehadcompletedthreemajorsincollege.Atpresent,WanglivesinLeshan,wherehespendshisdaysfollowingcarefully___19___(plan)routines.Hisstudystartsat6ameverymorning,during___20___hereadsandtakesnotesfromnewspapers.Wangsaid,“ThereissomuchtolearnandIwillcontinuelearninguntiltheveryend.”第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读短文，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASeaLifeMelbourneAquarium(水族馆)Theall‑newSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,situatedintheheartofMelbourne’sCBD,isoneofVictoria’sleadingvisitorattractionsandanunforgettableoutingforthewholefamily.Having12amazingzonesofdiscovery,SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumistheveryplacethatyoucannotmisswhenyouvisitthecity.OpeningTimesSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisopenfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmeverydayoftheyear,includingpublicholidays.Lastadmissionisat5:00pm,onehourbeforeclosing.Location(位置)SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumislocatedonthecornerofFlindersStreetandKingStreet,Melbourne.ItissituatedontheYarraRiver,oppositeCrownEntertainmentComplex.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumTrainTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumtrainstopislocatedonthefreeCityCircleTramroute(公交线路)andalsoroutes70and75.CityCircletramsrunevery10minutesinbothdirections.ShuttleBusTheSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumisafreebusservice,stoppingatkeytouristattractionsinandaroundtheCity.Runningdaily,every15minutesfrom10:00amto4:00pm.CarParkingWhilethereisnopubliccarparkingatSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,thereareseveralpubliccarparkinglotsavailableonlyashortwalkaway.WheelchairAccessSeaLifeMelbourneAquariumprovidespeopleinwheelchairswithfullaccesstoall12zones.Eachflooralsohaswheelchairaccessibletoilets.TermsTicketswillbeemailedtoyouimmediatelyafterpurchaseoryoucandownloadandprintyourticketoncepaymenthasbeenaccepted.PleaseprintoutallticketspurchasedandpresentatthefrontentranceofSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium.Noticket,noentry!21.SeaLifeMelbourneAquarium________.A.islocatedatthecenteroftheCBDinthecityB.has12mostattractiveplacesinMelbourneC.admitsvisitorsfrom9:30amuntil6:00pmD.isbesideCrownEntertainmentComplex22.GettingtoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium,visitorscantake________.A.trainsfromsoutherncrosstrainstationB.shuttlebusesaroundthetrainstationC.boatsacrosstheYarraRiverD.eithertramroute70or7523.SeaLifeMelbourneAquariumoffersvisitors________.A.freecarparkingB.wheelchairaccessC.InternetconnectionD.transportationservice24.TicketstoSeaLifeMelbourneAquarium________.A.arefreetoallvisitorsB.canbepurchasedbyemailC.arecheckedattheentranceD.canbeprintedattheticketofficeBInthestateofGeorgia,onefarmerhasmadeithismissionnotonlytofeedthehungrybuttohelpthemgrowtheirownfoodintheirownbackyard.“Mymaingoalistomakesurethatunderservedcommunitiesthathavebeenexcludedoroverlookedhaveaccesstolocallygrownfood,”saidBobbyWilson,whooperatesthenonprofitMetroAtlantaUrbanFarm.Since2009,Wilsonhastaughtthousandsofpeoplehowtoplantandgrowtheirownvegetablesandpreparemealswiththem,includingonions,garlic,cucumbers,tomatoes,collardgreens,squash,andeggplant.“Notonlycanyoulearnfrommy35yearsofdoingthistypeofwork,”Wilsonsaid,“butyoucanlearnfromourcommunitygardenerswhoaregrowingfoodinanaturalway.”Wilson,thefirstcollegegraduateinhisfamily,workedwiththeUniversityofGeorgiaformorethan20years,bringinggardeningeducationandprogramstopublichousingcomplexes,schoolsandchurchesthroughoutMetroAtlanta.Throughhiswork,hesawagreatneedforfresh,healthyfoodinlow‑incomeurbancommunities.Whenheretiredin2009,heusedaportionofhisretirementsavingstopurchasethefarmandhelpfillthegap.“Isawtheneed.”Wilsonsaid.“Plus,whenyouretire,youshoulddosomethingyoureallyenjoy.”Heestimateswiththerisingpriceoffood,peoplecouldsavethousandsyearlybygrowingtheirownfruitsandvegetables.Healsopointsoutthehealthbenefitsthatfreshproducebrings.MillionsofhouseholdsintheUSarestrugglingtofeedtheirfamilies.AndthisiswhatmotivatesWilson’sefforts.“Whensmallanddisadvantagedfarmersdidn’thavetheavenuetogetridofthatproducebecausepeoplewerenotcomingouttobuy,wehadanopportunitytohelpkeepthemalive.”Wilsonsaid.“WewerebuyingfoodfromAfricanAmericanfarmerswhodidnothaveoutletsandgivingitaway.”Wilsoncontinuestoofferfreefoodtothoseinneedatadrive‑throughgiveawayeveryweek,wherefamiliescansecurehealthyproduce.Overtheyears,WilsonsayshehashostedalotofstudentsingradesK‑12forfarmtoursandagriculturalS.T.E.M.fieldtrips.Heworkswithfarmersandgardenersofallagesandskilllevels,frompreschoolerstoseniors,toprovideeducationandaccesstoaffordableproduce.“We’remorethanjustafarm,”hesaid.“We’reaboutjustice,equity,diversity,andinclusion,becauseattheendoftheday,IwantmygrandchildrentohaveitbetterthanwhatIhaveittoday.”25.WilsonstartedtheMetroAtlantaUrbanFarmmainlyto________.A.makealivingB.pursuehiscareerC.promotehealthawarenessD.helpthecommunities26.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.Wilson’sfarmhasbeenaroundforover30yearsB.WilsonundertakessomeeducationalinitiativesatthefarmC.somesmallanddisadvantagedfarmersjoinedWilson’sfarmD.thousandsofstudentshaveattendedWilson’sclassesonfarming27.WhatdoesWilsonthinkofhisfarm?A.Underestimated.B.Unexpected.C.Imperfect.D.Promising.CInautumnof1975,twomothersinLyme,Connecticut,weredesperateforanswerstheirdoctorscouldnotprovide.TheirfamiliesandothersintheLymeareaweresufferingfromamysterious(神秘的)illness.TwodoctorsfromYale,AllanSteereandStephenMalawista,begananinvestigationthatwouldresultinagroundbreakingmedicaldiscovery.Thedoctorsbeganbyconductingindividualexaminationsofeachpatient.Theyfoundpatientsofallagesweresufferingfromasetofsymptoms(症状)rarelyobservedtogether.Bloodsamplesrevealednovirusthatofferedaclueaboutthecause.However,theyfoundfruitfulinformationintheirinterviewswithpatients:onequarterofthemrecalledaskinrash(皮疹)withabull’s‑eyepatternaboutfourweeksbeforeothersymptomsarose.Armedwiththisnewclue,theDepartmentofHealthworkedwiththeYaledoctors,conductingsurveystolearnwherethediseasewasmostwidelyseen.Itseemedthatthemajorityofpatientslivedinheavilywoodedareas,whospentagooddealoftimeoutdoors,gardening,landscaping,orplaying.Thesymptomswerenearlyalwaysexperiencedforthefirsttimeduringsummer.Crucially,somerecalledhavingbeenbittenbyatick(蜱),whichfeedsmostlyonthebloodofmammalsandbirds.By1977,investigatorsconfirmedthatthedeertickwasresponsible.Butnoonecouldsaywhyitwascausingtheillnessorhowpatientscouldbetreated.In1982,ascientistnamedWillyBurgdorferdiscoveredaspecifictypeofbacteria(细菌),carriedbythedeertick,whichwascausingthedisease.Buthowdidthedeertickacquirethebacteriainthefirstplace?Finally,scientistsdeterminedthatthetickspickedupthebacteriafromtheirhosts.Asitsnamesuggests,thedeertickoftenfeedsondeer,carriersoftheLymediseasebacteria.Scientistsconcludedthatthebacteriapassedfromwildlifetotickstohumans.Alllivedcloselyamongoneanotherinthearea.Howcouldadiseasefromacommonparasite(寄生虫)springupsosuddenly?Manyareasofthenortheast,includingLyme,wereoncefarmland.Thefarmlandwasreplantedwithtrees.Aftertheforestgrewin,theareawasthendevelopedwithhouses.Gradually,neighborhoodspusheddeeperintothehabitatofdeerticksand,moreimportantly,thewildlifetheyfedupon.Ashumansencounteredmoreticks,theybecamemorelikelytocontractthedisease.OneoftheremainingmysteriesaboutLymediseaseiswhereandwhenittrulybegan.Thispuzzlemayneverbesolved.Today,Lymedisease—ifcaughtearly—iseasilytreatedwithantibiotics,thankstothehardworkofmanyscientists,doctors,andpatients.28.WhichofthefollowingmethodhelpedDr.SteereandDr.Malawistamost?A.Conductingpatientinterviews.B.Carryingoutafieldsurvey.C.Studyingpatients’bloodsamples.D.Separatingpatientsintoagegroups.29.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A.deertickswerefirstcarriersoftheLymediseasebacteriaB.patients’remembranceoftickbiteswasvitaltothemedicaldiscoveryC.LymediseasespreadbecausedeerticksandhumansbothfedondeerD.Lymediseaseislesscommonnowbecausepeoplespendlesstimeoutdoors30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ADesperateNeedB.AnUnsolvedPuzzleC.AMedicalMysteryD.AnEffectiveTreatmentDIwasattheGatheringforScienceinBoston,on22April2017,aswere70,000otherscientists.Weweretheretostandupforfactsandtruth.Wherearethecrowdsofscientistsnow?Sincethen,harmsfromsciencedenialhaveonlyincreased:globalsufferinghasgrownowingtoinactiononclimatechange,andsomeepidemicshaverisenalongwithvaccineskepticism.I’vebeenouttheretalkingtothesciencedeniers,andI’veaskedmyscientistfriendstocomewithme.“Thosepeoplejustaren’tworthtalkingto,”theysay.“Iwouldn’tmakeadifferenceanyway.”That’swrong.Thosepeoplecananddochangetheirminds,althoughitrequiressomeonetoputinthetimetoovercomedistrust.Tobesure,manyexpertshavelaunchedthemselvesagainstmisinformation,enduringabuseonsocialmediaandeventhreatstotheirsafety.Butwhenscientiststurndownmyinvitations,it’snotbecauseoffear.Mostoften,theirexcusesaregroundedinthe“backfireeffect”—questionable2010findingthatpeoplesometimesembracemisconceptionsmorestronglywhenfacedwithcorrectiveinformation,implyingthatpushingbackagainstfalsehoodsiscounter‑productive.Eventheresearcherswhoseresultswereexaggeratedtopopularizethisideadonotembraceitanymore,andarguethatthetruechallengeislearninghowbesttotargetcorrectiveinformation.Infact,evidenceisgrowingthatrebuttalscanbeeffective.Sciencedeniersalldrawonthesameflawedreasoningtechniques:cherry‑pickingevidence,relyingonfakeexperts,andengaginginillogicalreasoning.Alandmark2019studyshowedthatcritiquingtheflawedtechniquescancontainthespreadofmisinformation.Sohowdoes“techniquerebuttal”workinpractice?ArnaudGagneurandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofSherbrookeconductedmorethan1,00020‑minuteinterviewsinwhichtheylistenedtonewparents’concernsaboutvaccinationsandansweredtheirquestions.Thoseparents’childrenwere9%morelikelytoreceiveallthevaccinesontheschedulethanwerethoseofuninterviewedparentswhosebabiesweredeliveredinthesamematernityward.Onemothertoldhim:“It’sthefirsttimethatI’vehadadiscussionlikethis,andIfeelrespected,andItrustyou.”Itisself‑evidentinsciencecommunicationthatyoucannotconvinceasciencedenierwithfactsalone;mostsciencedeniersdon’thavealackofinformation,butalackoftrust.Sowhatshouldscientistsdo?Evennon‑expertscanusetechniquerebuttal.Ageologistcanengageaneighborwhoisvaccinehesitant.Aproteinbiologistcancoachanauntorunclewhowantsmoreevidencethatclimatechangeisreal.Insteadofshiftingtomorecomfortableconversations,engageinrespectfulexchange.Ifyouspendmoretimeaskingquestionsthanofferingexplanations,peoplewillbemorelikelytopayattentiontotheexplanationsthatyoudooffer.31.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TheGatheringforScienceaddressedonlineabuse.B.Thesilenceofscientistsworsensharmfromsciencedenial.C.Ineffectivevaccinesspeedupthespreadofsomeepidemics.D.Theauthor’sfriendsfinditvaluabletotalkwithsciencedeniers.32.Accordingtothepassage,the“backfireeffect”________.A.suggestscautionbeforecorrectingothersB.emphasizestheeffectivenessofrebuttalsC.resultsfromflawedreasoningtechniquesD.enjoyswidesupportintheacademicfield33.Thelasttwoparagraphssuggestthat________.A.theinterviewedparentsagreedtovaccinationduetothesufficiencyoftheinformationB.geologistsandproteinbiologistsneedtomakesuretheconversationsarecomfortableC.scientistsareencouragedtolistencarefullyandaskquestionsduringinteractionD.scientistsshouldteachnon‑expertshowtoconductrespectfulexchanges34.Inwritingthispassage,theauthoraimsto________.A.expressconcernsformisinformationB.analyzetherootcauseofsciencedenialC.advocateemployingtechniquerebuttalD.presenttheproblemsscientistsencounter第二节（共6小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Hesitationasintuition(直觉)You’vethoughtaboutit.You’vemadeyourdecisionandthen….youhesitate.Yourmousehoversoverthe“purchasenow”button,you’vewrittenthetextbutcan’tquitebringyourselftopress“send”.Youhesitate.___35___Ourculturevaluesdoing.We’reconstantlyurgedto“goforit.”Butwhatifhesitationisnotasignofweaknessbutratheravaluablesignal?___36___Butwedon’talwaysmakeitapracticetolistentoourbodies.Whenwedopayattention,wehaveaccesstoalotofnonrationalinformationincludingourintuition.Ifyounoticeyourselfhesitating,itmightmeanapartofyouisn’tquitesure.Hesitationcanbethebody’swayofalertingustooverlookeddetailsorconcealedinformationthatcouldbecrucialtoourchoice.Sincehesitationcancarrysuchsignificance,itbecomesessentialtounderstandthenatureofthesignalsourbodiessend.Althoughdistinguishingbetweenintuitionandfearoranxietyisnoteasy,whenwecultivatethehabitofself‑awarenessandunderstandourfears,wecanbegintodecipher(辨认)themessagesbehindourhesitation.Moreover,ourrationalmindshavetheirlimitations.___37___Therefore,byintegratingouremotionsandphysicalsensationsintothedecision‑makingprocess,weaccessamorecomprehensiveunderstanding.Tomakemoreinformeddecisions,wecanemployspecificstrategies.Onewaythatwecanhelpourselveswithaspecificdecisionistonoticewhenthere’shesitationand,ifyouhavethetime,wait.___38___Anotherinterestingwaytolookatmakingadecisionistowalkuptothedoorofit.Takeactionasifyouhadalreadymadethedecision.Andbeforeit’stoolate,noticehowitfeelstowalkthatpath.Thatmaygiveyoumoreinformationthanthinkingevercould.___39___Byintegratingbothrationalandintuitiveelements,wecanhandlethecomplexchoiceswithgreaterconfidenceandclarity.A.It’seasytomissintuitivesignalswhenwearemovingfromthinkingminds.B.Theyworkwithinfixedframeworksthatmightnotmatchthecomplexreality.C.Whileourmindsareundoubtedlypowerful,ourbodiesalsoholdawealthofwisdom.D.Innature,thekeytoeffectivedecision‑makingliesinseeinghesitationasahelp.E.Checkbackinwiththedecisionyouthoughtyoumadeandseeifanythingdiffers.F.Hesitationmeansyourintuitionistryingtospeaktoyoufromdeepinnerplace.G.Thishesitationiscommonyetoftenoverlookedinourdecision‑makingprocess.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Howcanweavoidfoodwasteinourdailylife?RaynerLoihasgothisownway.Hekeepsanoteonhisphonewithdetailsofthefoodthatgoesbadeveryweekathishome.Thatway,whenhegoestothesupermarket,hehasabetterideaofhowmuchfoodheactuallyeatsinaweek,andcanadjusthisshoppingaccordingly.Hebelievesindividualactionlikethisisimportanttosolvetheproblemoffoodwaste,buthe’salsogothissightssethigher.In2017hefoundedLumitics,acompanythattracksfoodwasteonalargescalewiththeaimofhelpinghotelsandairlines,whichservethousandsofmealsaday,figureouthowmuchavoidablewastethey’reproducing.Equippedwithweightsensors,cameras,andAItechnology,Lumitics’smartgarbagecans(垃圾箱)canrecognizeandtrackthetypeandamountoffoodthatgetsthrownout‑‑‑includingwhetherit’sspoiled,uneatenorkitchenwaste.Asaresult,itscustomerscanusethedataofthewastetoadjusttheamountoffoodtheyprepareorbuy,leadingtoagreatwastereduction.Forinstance,Lumiticshashelpedthehotelsitworkswithreducefoodwasteconsiderably,keepingmorethan300,000mealsoutoflandfillsin2019.Thecompanyisalsobeneficialforitscustomers’economicoutcomes.Hotelrestaurantsoftenoperateonrelativelythinprofits,“soanysavingsforthemactuallyisreallysignificantfortheirbusiness.”hesays.LoigottheideaforLumiticswhen,whileworkinginSingapore,hesawkidsgohungry.Heseesfoodwasteasoneofthemostoverlookedproblemsfacingtheworld.“Ithinkmygeneration