2026年高中英语一轮复习语法填空专项测试

2026年高中英语一轮复习语法填空专项测试1.Mr.Smithissobusythathehasnotime______hisfamilythisweekendbecauseheneedstofinishtheprojectontime.A.tovisitB.visitingC.visitedD.tohavevisited解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意，Mr.Smith没有时间去看望家人，表示“有时间做某事”，应用不定式结构。选项A"tovisit"符合语境，表示“去看望”。选项B"visiting"是动名词形式，不符合句式结构；选项C"visited"是过去式，不能修饰动词has；选项D"tohavevisited"表示完成时态，不符合语境。故选A。2.Thenewpolicywilltakeeffectfromnextmonth,whichmeansmorepeoplewillbeableto______affordablehousing.A.affordB.affordtobuyC.buyD.beafforded解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。根据句意，新政策将使更多人能够负担得起住房，应用动词原形+不定式结构。选项A"afford"单独使用不符合语法；选项B"affordtobuy"表示“负担得起购买”，符合语境；选项C"buy"缺少宾语；选项D"beafforded"是被动语态，不符合句意。故选B。3.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediatelybecausehonestyisthebestpolicy.A.amB.wereC.beD.wouldbe解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意，如果我是你，我会立即向她道歉，表示与事实相反的假设，应用第二虚拟语气。从句中应使用动词过去式，选项B"were"符合语法。选项A"am"是一般现在时；选项C"be"缺少助动词；选项D"wouldbe"是第一虚拟语气，不符合句式。故选B。4.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirhomeworkbeforethemeeting,butonlyafewofthemfollowedhisadvice.A.handinB.handoutC.handoverD.handon解析：本题考查动词词组辨析。根据句意，老师要求学生在会议前交作业，应用“handin”表示“提交”。选项B"handout"表示“分发”；选项C"handover"表示“移交”；选项D"handon"表示“传递”。故选A。5.Despiteallthedifficulties,she______managedtocompletethetaskontime,whichimpressedherbossgreatly.A.yetB.stillC.alreadyD.even解析：本题考查副词辨析。根据句意，尽管困难重重，她仍然按时完成了任务，表示“仍然、还是”，应用"still"。选项A"yet"通常用于否定句或疑问句；选项C"already"表示“已经”，不符合语境；选项D"even"表示“甚至”，不符合句意。故选B。6.Thecompanydecidedto______itsheadquarterstoanewcitytoattractmoretalent.A.moveB.movingC.movedD.moves解析：本题考查动词时态。根据句意，公司决定将总部搬迁到新城市，应用一般现在时。选项A"move"符合语法；选项B"moving"是动名词；选项C"moved"是过去式；选项D"moves"是第三人称单数形式。故选A。7.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishmoviesbecausetheycanhelpyoulearnnaturalexpressions.A.watchB.watchingC.watchedD.towatch解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，如果你想提高英语，应该多看英语电影，表示“应该做某事”，应用不定式结构。选项A"towatch"符合语境。选项B"watching"是动名词；选项C"watched"是过去式；选项D"towatch"缺少助动词。故选A。8.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinterestingandthought-provoking.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。根据句意，我上周从图书馆借的书很有趣且发人深省，先行词是物，关系代词应用"which"或"that"。选项A"which"和选项B"that"都符合语法，但根据语境，"which"更常用。选项C"who"和选项D"whom"是关系代词，用于指代人。故选A。9.Thestudentswereaskedto______theirideasontheblackboardsothateveryonecouldseethemclearly.A.writeB.wroteC.writingD.written解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，学生们被要求在黑板上写下他们的想法，表示“被要求做某事”，应用过去分词作宾补。选项D"written"符合语法。选项A"write"是动词原形；选项B"wrote"是过去式；选项C"writing"是动名词。故选D。10.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thepollutionprobleminthecity,butitstillneedsmoreefforts.A.solveB.solvingC.solvedD.tosolve解析：本题考查非谓语动词。根据句意，政府已采取措施解决城市污染问题，表示“采取措施做某事”，应用不定式结构。选项A"tosolve"符合语境。选项B"solving"是动名词；选项C"solved"是过去分词；选项D"tosolve"缺少助动词。故选A。11.Bythetimetheyarrivedattheairport,theplane______alreadytakenoff.解析：空格处应填"had"，表示过去发生的动作先于另一个过去动作，应用过去完成时。12.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderfortheexambecauseitisveryimportantformyfuture.解析：空格处应填"were"，表示与事实相反的假设，应用第二虚拟语气。13.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirhomeworkbeforethemeeting,butonlyafewofthemfollowedhisadvice.解析：空格处应填"handin"，表示“提交”。14.Despiteallthedifficulties,she______managedtocompletethetaskontime,whichimpressedherbossgreatly.解析：空格处应填"still"，表示“仍然、还是”。15.Thecompanydecidedto______itsheadquarterstoanewcitytoattractmoretalent.解析：空格处应填"move"，表示“搬迁”。16.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshould______moreEnglishmoviesbecausetheycanhelpyoulearnnaturalexpressions.解析：空格处应填"watch"，表示“看”。17.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinterestingandthought-provoking.解析：空格处应填"which"，表示定语从句的先行词是物。18.Thestudentswereaskedto______theirideasontheblackboardsothateveryonecouldseethemclearly.解析：空格处应填"write"，表示“写下”。19.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______thepollutionprobleminthecity,butitstillneedsmoreefforts.解析：空格处应填"solve"，表示“解决”。20.Theexperimentwasconductedto______theeffectofthenewdrugonpatientswithcancer.解析：空格处应填"test"，表示“测试”。21.Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheyshouldstudyharderbecausetheexamwascomingsoon.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，时态正确，意为“老师告诉学生应该努力学习，因为考试快来了”。22.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediatelybecauseitistherightthingtodo.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，虚拟语气正确，意为“如果我是你，我会立即向她道歉，因为这样做是正确的”。23.Thenewpolicywilltakeeffectfromnextmonth,whichmeansmorepeoplewillbeabletoaffordtobuyaffordablehousing.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，时态和语态正确，意为“新政策将从下个月生效，这意味着更多的人能够负担得起住房”。24.Despiteallthedifficulties,shestillmanagedtocompletethetaskontime,whichimpressedherbossgreatly.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，副词使用正确，意为“尽管困难重重，她仍然按时完成了任务，这给她的老板留下了深刻印象”。25.Thecompanydecidedtomoveitsheadquarterstoanewcitytoattractmoretalent,whichisawisedecision.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，时态和语态正确，意为“公司决定将总部搬迁到新城市以吸引更多人才，这是一个明智的决定”。26.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldwatchmoreEnglishmoviesbecausetheycanhelpyoulearnnaturalexpressions.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，虚拟语气和非谓语动词使用正确，意为“如果你想提高英语，应该多看英语电影，因为它们可以帮助你学习自然表达”。27.ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibrarylastweekisveryinterestingandthought-provoking.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，定语从句使用正确，意为“我上周从图书馆借的书很有趣且发人深省”。28.Thestudentswereaskedtowritetheirideasontheblackboardsothateveryonecouldseethemclearly.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，非谓语动词使用正确，意为“学生们被要求在黑板上写下他们的想法，以便每个人都能清楚地看到”。29.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestosolvethepollutionprobleminthecity,butitstillneedsmoreefforts.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，非谓语动词使用正确，意为“政府已采取措施解决城市污染问题，但它仍需要更多努力”。30.Theexperimentwasconductedtotesttheeffectofthenewdrugonpatientswithcancer.(正确)解析：句子结构完整，非谓语动词使用正确，意为“实验是为了测试新药对癌症患者的影响”。31.Explainthedifferencebetween"afford"and"affordtodosomething".解析："afford"表示“负担得起”，通常用于一般现在时，后面不接宾语。例如：Hecanaffordacar."affordtodosomething"表示“负担得起做某事”，通常用于一般现在时，后面接不定式。例如：Hecanaffordtobuyacar.两者区别在于：前者直接接名词，后者接不定式。32.Whatisthestructureofasecondconditionalsentence?解析：第二虚拟语气句子结构为：If+主语+动词过去式（be用were），主句主语+would/could/might+动词原形。例如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologize.33.Howcanyouuse"which"and"that"inarelativeclause?解析："which"和"that"都可以用于指代物，但"which"更常用。例如：ThebookwhichIborrowedisinteresting."that"可以指代人和物，但指代物时更正式。例如：ThebookthatIborrowedisinteresting.34.Whatisthefunctionof"handin"inasentence?解析："handin"表示“提交”，通常用于正式场合。例如：Studentswereaskedtohandintheirhomework.35.Whydoweuse"still"inasentence?解析："still"表示“仍然、还是”，用于强调动作或状态持续。例如：Despiteallthedifficulties,shestillmanagedtocompletethetask.36.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?解析：被动语态结构为：主语+be动词（am/is/are/was/were/been）+过去分词。例如：Thetaskwascompletedontime.37.Whatisthedifferencebetween"solve"and"solvetodosomething"?解析："solve"表示“解决”，通常用于一般现在时，后面不接宾语。例如：Thegovernmenthassolvedtheproblem."tosolve"表示“解决”，通常用于不定式结构。例如：Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestosolvetheproblem.38.Howcanyouuse"test"inasentence?解析："test"表示“测试”，通常用于一般现在时，后面接宾语或不定式。例如：Theexperimentwasconductedtotestthedrug.41.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Thenewpolicywilltakeeffectfromnextmonth,whichmeansmorepeoplewillbeableto______(afford)ahouseinthecity.解析：空格处应填"afford"，表示“负担得起”。42.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingasecondconditional.IfIhadmoretime,IwouldstudyEnglishharder.解析：原句已经是第二虚拟语气，无需改写。43.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Thebook______(write)bymyfavoriteauthorisveryinteresting.解析：空格处应填"written"，表示被动语态。44.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingapassivevoice.Thestudentswereaskedtohandintheirhomeworkbeforethemeeting.解析：原句已经是被动语态，无需改写。45.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.IfIwereyou,Iwould______(apologize)toherimmediatelybecauseitistherightthingtodo.解析：空格处应填"apologize"，表示第二虚拟语气。46.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganactivevoice.Thetaskwascompletedontimebytheteam.解析：改写为主动语态：Theteamcompletedthetaskontime.47.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectformoftheverbinthebrackets.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto______(solve)thepollutionprobleminthecity.解析：空格处应填"solve"，表示“解决”。48.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusinganinfinitivephrase.Hedecidedtomovehisheadquarterstoanewcity.解析：原句已经是不定式结构，无需改写。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.B3.B4.A5.B6.A7.A8.A9.D10.A二、填空题1.hadtaken12.were13.handin14.still15.move16.watch17.which18.write19.solve20.test三、判断题1.正确22.正确23.正确24.正确25.正确26.正确27.正确28.正确29.正确30.正确四、简答题1."afford"表示“