2026年浙江省北师大版八年级英语下册第1单元语法练习题

2026年浙江省北师大版八年级英语下册第1单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewEnglishteacheroftenasksus______Englishstoriesinclasstoimproveourspeakingskills.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.toberead解析：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。动词ask后常跟宾语补足语，表示要求或建议某人做某事时，应用不定式todo。句意为“新来的英语老师经常要求我们在课堂上朗读英语故事以提高我们的口语能力”，故选A。不定式toread作宾语补足语，表示“要求我们做某事”。若选B或C，则缺少必要的to；若选D，被动语态与语境不符。2.Mysister______tothelibraryeverySundaybecauseshelovesreadingbooksthere.A.goesB.goC.isgoingD.goeses解析：本题考查一般现在时的用法。根据时间状语everySunday可知，此处应用一般现在时，且主语Mysister是第三人称单数，谓语动词需加-s。故选A。一般现在时用于表示经常性、习惯性的动作，常与everyday/week/month等时间状语连用。3.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistakeinthemathtest.A.workB.workedC.willworkD.hadworked解析：本题考查虚拟语气。if引导的非真实条件句中，主句表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句用过去式，主句用wouldhavedone。句意为“如果你当时更仔细一点，数学考试就不会犯这样的错误了”，故选B。wouldn’thavemade是虚拟语气结构，表示对过去行为的假设。4.Thestudentsarediscussingthenewrules______theteachertoldthemyesterday.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词thenewrules指物，关系代词应用which或that。在口语中that更常用，但两者通常可互换。此处that引导定语从句，修饰thenewrules。故选B。定语从句的作用是修饰先行词，提供更多信息。5.______isthecapitalofFrance?A.WhatcityB.WhichcityC.WherecityD.Thatcity解析：本题考查特殊疑问句。询问地点应用where引导，且疑问词需放在句首。故选C。特殊疑问句的结构是疑问词+一般疑问句，用于获取特定信息。6.Myparents______metostudyhardernextsemester,butIdon’tknowhowtodoit.A.hopeB.hopeforC.hopethatD.hopeto解析：本题考查动词hope的用法。hope后可跟不定式todo或that从句，表示希望做某事或希望某事发生。此处hopetostudyharder表示“希望努力学习”。故选D。hopetodo表示“希望做某事”，hopethat从句表示“希望某事发生”。7.Theboy______livesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词theboy指人，关系代词应用who或whom。在口语中who更常用，且作主语。故选A。who引导定语从句，修饰theboy，并在从句中作主语。8.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.A.won’trainB.doesn’trainC.won’tberainingD.isn’training解析：本题考查一般将来时的用法。if引导的条件状语从句中，表示将来情况时，用一般现在时。故选B。if条件句的时态规则：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。9.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。ask后跟宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，且从句用陈述语序。故选A。if和whether可互换，但whether更常用于否定句或疑问句中。10.Mybrother______toAmericanextyeartoworkforamultinationalcompany.A.willgoB.isgoingtogoC.goesD.hasgone解析：本题考查将来时态的用法。根据时间状语nextyear可知，此处应用begoingtodo或一般将来时。begoingtodo表示计划或意图，更符合语境。故选B。begoingtodo常用于表示近期计划或意图。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thegirl______issittingonthebenchismysister._________解析：关系代词who，作从句主语。2.Ifyou______harder,youwillpasstheexamnexttime._________解析：一般现在时，work，表示条件。3.Myparentshope______metotheconcertnextweekend._________解析：不定式totake，hopetodo表示希望做某事。4.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting._________解析：关系代词which，作从句宾语。5.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark._________解析：一般现在时，doesn’train，表示条件。6.Theboy______livesnextdoorplaysthepianoverywell._________解析：关系代词who，作从句主语。7.Mysisteraskedme______Ihadfinishedmyhomework._________解析：宾语从句，whether，引导宾语从句。8.IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharderforthetest._________解析：一般现在时，were，表示虚拟语气。9.Thegirl______iswearingareddressismycousin._________解析：关系代词who，作从句主语。10.Myparentswant______totheGreatWallnextmonth._________解析：不定式togo，wanttodo表示愿望。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteachertoldthestudentstofinishtheirhomeworkbeforeclass.(正确)解析：tellsb.todosth.表示“告诉某人做某事”，此处tofinish是正确的。2.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.(错误)解析：if条件句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，应为“wewillnotgo”。3.Thegirlwhoissingingismysister.(正确)解析：who引导定语从句，修饰thegirl，并在从句中作主语。4.MyparentshopethatIwillstudyharder.(正确)解析：hope后可跟that从句，表示希望某事发生。5.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgototheparty.(正确)解析：were用于第二人称虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设。6.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.(正确)解析：which引导定语从句，修饰thebook，并在从句中作宾语。7.Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(正确)解析：who引导定语从句，修饰theboy，并在从句中作主语。8.Ifyouworkharder,youwillpasstheexam.(正确)解析：if条件句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。9.Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister.(正确)解析：who引导定语从句，修饰thegirl，并在从句中作主语。10.Myparentswantmetogototheconcertnextweekend.(正确)解析：wanttodo表示“希望做某事”，此处用法正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthestructureofaconditionalsentencetype1.答：Type1conditionalsentencestructure:If+presentsimple,...will+baseverb.Usedforfuturepossibilities.解析：Type1条件句用于表示将来可能发生的情况，结构为“if+一般现在时，...will+动词原形”。例如：“Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothezoo.”2.Whatisthefunctionoftherelativepronoun"which"?答：Whichreferstothings,actsassubjectorobjectintheclause.解析：which是关系代词，指代物，可在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：“ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting.”3.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?答：Passivevoice:Subject+be+pastparticiple.解析：被动语态结构为“主语+be动词+过去分词”。例如：“Thebookisreadbyhim.”4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"hope"and"wish"?答：Hope+todo(future);wish+(that)+clause(present/future).解析：hope后跟不定式表示对未来的希望，wish后跟that从句表示对现在或未来的愿望。例如：“Ihopetopasstheexam.”vs.“IwishIcouldpasstheexam.”5.Howdoyouuse"if"toexpressasuggestion?答：If+presentsimple,...would+baseverb.解析：用if表示建议时，结构为“if+一般现在时，...would+动词原形”。例如：“Ifyoustudiedharder,youwouldpass.”6.Whatistheroleof"that"inanounclause?答：Thatintroducesnounclausesassubject/object/complement.解析：that在名词性从句中作连接词，无词义，可作主语、宾语或表语。例如：“Iknowthatyouareright.”7.Howdoyouformafutureperfecttensesentence?答：Futureperfect:Subject+willhave+pastparticiple.解析：将来完成时结构为“主语+willhave+过去分词”，表示将来某时之前完成的动作。例如：“Bynextyear,Iwillhavefinishedthebook.”8.Whatisthemeaningof"whether"inasentence?答：Whetherintroducesalternativesinnounclauses.解析：whether表示“是否”，用于引导名词性从句，表示选择或不确定性。例如：“Idon’tknowwhethertogoorstay.”五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethesentenceinpassivevoice:"Thestudentsfinishedtheproject."答：Theprojectwasfinishedbythestudents.解析：被动语态转换：保留主语project，加be动词was，加过去分词finished，主语thestudents作by短语。2.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI______you,I______harder."答：were,wouldstudy解析：虚拟语气，第二人称用were，主句用would+动词原形。3.Transformthesentenceintoanounclause:"TheteacheraskedmeifIhadfinishedmyhomework."答：TheteacheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedmyhomework.解析：宾语从句用whether或if引导，无词义。4.Correcttheerror:"Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo."答：Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillnotgotothezoo.解析：正确，if条件句中主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。5.Rewritethesentenceusingarelativepronoun:"Thegirlismysister."答：Thegirlwhoissittingonthebenchismysister.解析：who引导定语从句，修饰thegirl，并在从句中作主语。6.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Myparentshope______metotheconcertnextweekend."答：totake解析：hopetodo表示希望做某事。7.Transformthesentenceintopassivevoice:"Theboybrokethewindow."答：Thewindowwasbrokenbytheboy.解析：被动语态转换：保留主语window，加be动词was，加过去分词broken，主语theboy作by短语。8.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformoftheverb:"Ifyou______harder,you______passtheexam."答：study,willpass解析：if条件句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.A3.B4.B5.C6.D7.A8.B9.A10.B解析：1.不定式作宾补；2.一般现在时表将来；3.虚拟语气；4.定语从句；5.特殊疑问句；6.动词hope用法；7.定语从句；8.虚拟语气；9.宾语从句；10.不定式作宾补。二、填空题1.who2.work3.totake4.which5.doesn’train6.who7.whether8.were9.who10.togo解析：1.定语从句；2.条件句时态；3.动词hope用法；4.定语从句；5.条件句时态；6.定语从句；7.宾语从句；8.虚拟语气；9.定语从句；10.动词want用法。三、判断题1.√2.×3.√4.√5.√6.√7.√8.√9.√10.√解析：1.正确，tellsb.todo；2.错误，主句用will；3.正确，定语从句；4.正确，hopethat从句；5.正确，虚拟语气；6.正确，定语从句；7.正确，定语从句；8.正确，条件句时态