2026年广东省苏教版初中英语第8章专项训练题

2026年广东省苏教版初中英语第8章专项训练题一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit8,whatisthemainreasonwhymanystudentschoosetostudysciencesubjects?A.Becausesciencesubjectsareeasierthanothersubjects.B.Becausesciencesubjectscanhelpthemunderstandtheworldbetter.C.Becausesciencesubjectsaremoreinterestingthanartsubjects.D.Becausesciencesubjectshavemorejobopportunitiesinthefuture.（解析：根据第8章第一课内容，文章明确指出科学学科能帮助学生更好地理解世界，选项B与原文主旨一致。选项A、C、D为干扰项，其中A与文章“科学需要努力”的观点矛盾，C涉及艺术对比但非重点，D虽为事实但非学生选择科学的主要原因，故选B。）2.Intheunit8readingpassage,howdoestheauthordescribetheroleofscientistsinsolvingenvironmentalproblems?A.Scientistsareonlyresponsiblefordoingexperimentsinthelab.B.Scientistsworkalonetofindquicksolutions.C.Scientistscollaboratewithgovernmentsandcommunitiestodeveloplong-termplans.D.Scientistsonlyfocusonstudyinganimalsandplants.（解析：文章第二课通过例子说明科学家如何与政府合作制定环保政策，选项C准确概括了原文观点。选项A、B、D均缩小了科学家工作的范围，如A忽略实地调研，B忽略团队合作，D忽略技术转化，故选C。）3.Accordingtotheunit8grammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttensetodescribeanactioncompletedinthepastbutwithrelevancetothepresent?A.IhavevisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.B.Shehasfinishedherhomeworkthreedaysago.C.Theywenttothemuseumyesterdaybecausetheyhadseenitbefore.D.Hehaslivedinthiscitysincehewasborn.（解析：选项D正确使用了现在完成时表示从过去持续至今的动作，符合语法规则。选项A时态错误，lastyear需用一般过去时；B中“threedaysago”与现在完成时不搭配；C为一般过去时，未体现现在完成时的完成意义，故选D。）4.Intheunit8writingtask,whatshouldstudentsincludeintheintroductionoftheiressayaboutfuturetechnology?A.Adetaileddescriptionofcurrenttechnology.B.Personalopinionswithoutanyfacts.C.Aclearthesisstatementandbackgroundinformation.D.Alistofallthesourcestheywilluse.（解析：写作指导中强调引言需明确主题并简述背景，选项C符合要求。A为背景信息可放主体段，B缺乏依据，D为参考文献部分，均非引言内容，故选C。）5.Accordingtotheunit8vocabularylist,whichwordbestdescribesapersonwhoisalwayscuriousandasksmanyquestions?A.LazyB.CreativeC.CuriousD.Patient（解析：词汇表中明确解释“curious”意为“好奇的”，与题干描述一致。选项A、B、D分别意为“懒惰的”“有创造力的”“耐心的”，均与题意不符，故选C。）6.Intheunit8listeningpassage,whydoesthespeakersuggestthatstudentsshouldparticipateinsciencefairs?A.Toshowofftheirintelligencetootherstudents.B.Topracticepublicspeakingskills.C.Tolearnfromotherstudents'projectsandideas.D.Togetbettergradesinscienceclass.（解析：听力原文强调科学展览能促进同学间交流学习，选项C与原文一致。A、B、D均非重点，如A忽略合作性，B缩小范围，D与文章“重在过程”的观点矛盾，故选C。）7.Accordingtotheunit8readingpassageaboutclimatechange,whatistheauthor'smainpurpose?A.Topersuadereaderstobuyelectriccarsimmediately.B.Toexplainthecausesandeffectsofclimatechange.C.Tocriticizegovernmentsfornotactingfastenough.D.Tosuggestspecificsolutionsforeverycountry.（解析：文章结构分析显示，作者通过数据说明气候变化原因及影响，选项B概括了主旨。A、C、D均为片面内容，如A仅提解决方案，C忽略科学性，D超出文章范围，故选B。）8.Intheunit8grammarexercise,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetodescribeanactionperformedonsomeoneorsomething?A.Thestudentsweregivenadifficulttestyesterday.B.Shewillbebuyinganewcarnextmonth.C.Theyhavebeeneatingdinnerfortwohours.D.Hecanbeseenwalkingintheparknow.（解析：选项A正确使用被动语态描述动作承受者，符合语法规则。B为主动语态，C为现在完成进行时，D为现在进行时，均不符合题意，故选A。）9.Accordingtotheunit8speakingactivity,whatshouldstudentsfocusonwhenpresentingtheirscienceprojects?A.Howloudlytheyspeak.B.Howmanywordstheyuse.C.Howclearlytheyexplaintheirideas.D.Howmanypicturestheyshow.（解析：口语活动指南强调清晰表达，选项C符合要求。A、B、D为干扰项，如A忽略内容，B忽略简洁性，D忽略逻辑性，故选C。）10.Intheunit8readingpassageaboutfamousscientists,whichsentenceshowshowthesescientistsmadetheirdiscoveries?A.Theywereborninwealthyfamiliesandhadgoodeducation.B.Theyalwaysfollowedtherulessetbytheirteachers.C.Theyobservedproblemsintheworldandquestionedthem.D.Theybelievedinmagicandusedittoinventthings.（解析：文章通过例子说明科学家通过观察和质疑发现真理，选项C与原文一致。A、B、D均与科学精神不符，如A为客观条件，B忽略创新，D与科学本质矛盾，故选C。）二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theunit8passagementionsthatmanystudentsareafraidofsciencebecausetheythinkitis________anddifficult.（参考答案：complicated）（解析：原文直接用“complicated”形容科学学科，填空需准确对应，其他选项如“boring”“useless”等均与原文矛盾。）2.Accordingtotheunit8grammarlesson,toformthepresentperfecttenseof"study,"youneedtoadd________beforethepastparticiple.（参考答案：have）（解析：语法规则中，现在完成时动词需加“have”，其他选项如“has”“had”需根据主语变化，但填空仅填助动词核心词。）3.Theunit8writingtaskasksstudentstodescribeafutureinventiontheywouldliketohave,andtheyshoulduseatleast________sentencestoexplainitsbenefits.（参考答案：three）（解析：写作要求中明确“至少三句”说明好处，其他数字如“two”“four”均不符合要求。）4.Intheunit8vocabularysection,theword"innovative"means________andabletocreatenewideas.（参考答案：creative）（解析：词汇表定义“innovative”为“创新的”，与“creative”同义，其他选项如“careful”“quick”等均不符。）5.Theunit8listeningpassagetellsastoryaboutastudentwhowantedtobecomeascientistbecauseshewas________abouthowthingsworked.（参考答案：curious）（解析：听力原文描述主角“curious”的特点，填空需直接对应，其他选项如“smart”“kind”等均与题意无关。）6.Accordingtotheunit8readingpassage,scientistsoftenworkinteamstosolveproblemsbecauseithelpsthem________moreefficiently.（参考答案：collaborate）（解析：文章强调团队合作，用“collaborate”表示“合作”，其他选项如“compete”“travel”等均与原文矛盾。）7.Theunit8grammarexerciseincludesasectiononthepassivevoice,whichisusedwhenthe________oftheactionismoreimportantthanthepersonwhodidit.（参考答案：object）（解析：语法讲解中说明被动语态强调动作承受者，填空需填“object”（宾语），其他如“subject”“agent”等均不符。）8.Intheunit8speakingactivity,studentsareaskedtodescribetheirfavoritescienceexperiment,andtheyshouldspeakforatleast________minutes.（参考答案：two）（解析：口语活动要求“至少两分钟”描述，其他时间如“one”“three”均不符合要求。）9.Theunit8passageaboutclimatechangementionsthatglobaltemperatureshavebeen________inthepast50years.（参考答案：rising）（解析：原文用“rising”描述温度变化，填空需准确对应，其他选项如“falling”“staying”等均与原文矛盾。）10.Theunit8writingtaskremindsstudentsthattheiressayshouldhaveaclear________andaconclusionthatsummarizestheirmainpoints.（参考答案：thesisstatement）（解析：写作指南强调引言需有“thesisstatement”（中心论点），其他选项如“introduction”“question”等均不符。）三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Accordingtotheunit8passage,allscientistsaremaleandliveinlaboratories.（参考答案：False）（解析：原文提到科学家性别和职业环境多样化，如女性科学家和野外工作，选项描述过于片面，故错误。）2.Thepresentperfecttensecanonlybeusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedinthepast.（参考答案：False）（解析：现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，如“havestudied”表示已掌握知识，故不仅限过去，故错误。）3.Intheunit8writingtask,studentscanuseanytypeofevidencetheywant,evenifitisnotfromreliablesources.（参考答案：False）（解析：写作要求强调证据需可靠，如官方数据而非个人观点，选项描述与要求矛盾，故错误。）4.Theunit8vocabularylistincludestheword"persistent,"whichmeansgivingupeasily.（参考答案：False）（解析：词汇表定义“persistent”为“坚持不懈”，与“givingupeasily”相反，故错误。）5.Accordingtotheunit8listeningpassage,thespeakerbelievesthatsciencefairsareawasteoftime.（参考答案：False）（解析：听力原文强调科学展览的价值，如学习他人经验，选项描述与原文相反，故错误。）6.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoredifficulttousethantheactivevoice.（参考答案：False）（解析：语法讲解指出两种语态难度相当，取决于语境，选项绝对化描述不成立，故错误。）7.Intheunit8readingpassage,theauthorsuggeststhatstudentsshouldnotstudysciencebecauseitistoohard.（参考答案：False）（解析：文章鼓励学生克服困难学习科学，选项与原文主旨矛盾，故错误。）8.Theunit8grammarexerciseonlyincludesquestionsaboutthepresentperfecttense.（参考答案：False）（解析：语法练习包含多种时态，如一般过去时和将来时，选项描述过于局限，故错误。）9.Accordingtotheunit8passage,allfuturetechnologieswillbeinventedbyscientistsalone.（参考答案：False）（解析：原文提到政府、企业等多方合作，选项忽略协作性，故错误。）10.Theunit8writingtaskrequiresstudentstowriteapoemaboutscience,notanessay.（参考答案：False）（解析：写作要求明确为“essay”（议论文），选项描述错误，故错误。）四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.Accordingtotheunit8passage,whydosomestudentsthinksciencesubjectsaredifficult?（参考答案：Somestudentsfindsciencesubjectsdifficultbecausetheyinvolvecomplexconcepts,requirememorizationofmanyfacts,anddemandhands-onexperiments.Thepassagealsomentionsthatscienceteachersmaynotexplaintopicsclearly,makingithardforstudentstounderstand.）（解析：原文从概念复杂、记忆量大、实验要求等方面解释难度，答题需全面覆盖，其他如“作业多”“考试难”等非原文重点。）2.Intheunit8grammarlesson,howdoyouformthepresentperfecttenseofirregularverbslike"go"?（参考答案：Toformthepresentperfecttenseofirregularverbslike"go,"youusetheauxiliaryverb"have"plusthepastparticiple"gone."Forexample,"Ihavegonetothelibrary."）（解析：语法讲解明确不规则动词需加“have”+过去分词，答题需准确写出规则并举例，其他如“always”“never”等时态状语非重点。）3.Theunit8passagementionsthreebenefitsofparticipatinginsciencefairs.Whatarethey?（参考答案：Thethreebenefitsarelearningfromotherstudents'projects,practicingpublicspeakingskills,andgainingconfidenceinscience.Thepassagealsoimpliesthatithelpsdevelopteamworkabilities.)（解析：原文列举三项直接好处，答题需准确列出，其他如“获得奖项”“认识朋友”等非原文重点。）4.Accordingtotheunit8vocabularysection,whatdoestheword"innovative"meaninasentence?（参考答案：Inthesentence"Thescientistproposedaninnovativesolutiontotheproblem,""innovative"meanscreativeornew.Itdescribesanideathatisdifferentandoriginal.)（解析：词汇表通过例句解释“innovative”为“创新的”，答题需结合语境说明，其他如“fast”“careful”等均不符。）5.Theunit8readingpassagediscussesclimatechange.Whatisonewayscientiststrytosolvethisproblem?（参考答案：Onewayscientistssolveclimatechangeisbydevelopingrenewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower.Theyalsostudywaystoreducecarbonemissionsandprotectforests.)（解析：原文提到具体解决方案，如新能源、减排、植树等，答题需选择一项并简要说明，其他如“宣传环保”等非科学手段。）6.Intheunit8writingtask,whatshouldstudentsincludeintheirintroduction?（参考答案：Intheintroduction,studentsshouldstatetheirtopicclearly,suchas"Iwouldliketoinventaflyingcar."Theyshouldalsobrieflymentionwhytheychosethisinventionandwhatitwilldo.)（解析：写作指南要求引言明确主题、原因和功能，答题需全面覆盖，其他如“个人经历”“图片展示”等非重点。）7.Accordingtotheunit8listeningpassage,whydidthestudentwanttobecomeascientist?（参考答案：Thestudentwantedtobecomeascientistbecauseshewascuriousabouthowthingsworkedandenjoyedsolvingpuzzles.Shealsoadmiredscientistswhomadeimportantdiscoveries.)（解析：听力原文描述动机为好奇心、解决问题能力、崇拜科学家，答题需准确列出，其他如“家庭影响”“职业前景”等非原文重点。）8.Theunit8grammarexerciseincludesquestionsaboutthepassivevoice.Whyisituseful?（参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisusefulbecauseitfocusesontheactionorobjectratherthanthepersonwhodidit.Forexample,"Theexperimentwasconductedbythestudents"emphasizestheexperimentitself,whichisimportantinsciencereports.)（解析：语法讲解强调被动语态突出动作或对象，答题需结合科学报告场景说明，其他如“避免说出施动者”“更正式”等均非核心原因。）五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5-6sentences)usingatleastthreepresentperfecttenseverbstodescribewhatyouhavelearnedinunit8.（参考答案：Ihavelearnedalotinunit8.Ihavestudiedthepresentperfecttenseandhowtouseitwithirregularverbs.Ihavealsounderstoodthebenefitsofparticipatinginsciencefairs.Theselessonshavehelpedmeimprovemywritingandspeakingskills.Iwillusethisknowledgeinmyfuturescienceprojects.）（解析：要求使用至少三个现在完成时动词，答题需符合语法规则并围绕单元内容，其他如“明天”“昨天”等时态错误。）2.Createadialogue(8-10lines)betweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirfavoritescienceexperiments.（参考答案：StudentA:What'syourfavoritescienceexperiment?StudentB:Mineisthevolcanoexperiment.It'sfunandshowshowacidreactswithbakingsoda.StudentA:That'scool!Ilikethesolarovenproject.Wemadeoneusingaboxandplasticwrap.StudentB:Really?Howdiditwork?StudentA:Wefocusedsunlighttoheattheinside,anditcookedhotdogs!StudentB:Wow,Ishouldtrythatnexttime.StudentA:Yes,scienceisamazing!）（解析：要求对话形式，围绕科学实验，至少8句，其他如“日常话题”“笑话”等偏离主题。）3.Describeafutureinventionyouwouldliketohave,andexplainitsbenefits(6-8sentences).（参考答案：Iwouldliketoinventasmarthelmetforcyclists.Itwouldhavesensorstodetectobstaclesandautomaticallyslowdown.Thehelmetwouldalsoconnecttoaphonetosendemergencyalertsifthecyclistfalls.Thisinventionwouldmakecyclingmuchsafer,especiallyatnight.Itwouldreduceaccidentsandgivepeoplemoreconfidencetobiketoschoolorwork.）（解析：要求描述未来发明并说明好处，至少6句，其他如“外观设计”“价格”等非重点。）4.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Theteachergaveusadifficultsciencetestyesterday."（参考答案：Adifficultsciencetestwasgiventousbytheteacheryesterday.）（解析：要求改写为被动语态，需正确使用“was/were”+过去分词，其他如“willbegiven”“hasbeengiven”等时态错误。）5.Completethefollowingsentencewithawordfromtheunit8vocabularylist:"Thescientist's________idealedtoabreakthroughinrenewableenergy."（参考答案：innovative）（解析：要求填单元词汇，原文用“innovative”形容想法，其他如“creative”“useful”等