成人高考英语阅读理解环境健康类高频词汇500词

第页成人高考英语阅读理解环境健康类高频词汇500词序号单词或短语词性中文释义1environmentn.环境2pollutionn.污染3healthn.健康4sustainableadj.可持续的5climaten.气候6changen.变化7globaladj.全球的8warmingn.变暖9emissionn.排放10carbonn.碳11dioxiden.二氧化物12greenhousen.温室13gasn.气体14atmospheren.大气层15ozonen.臭氧16layern.层17depletionn.消耗，枯竭18resourcen.资源19conservationn.保护，保存20energyn.能源21renewableadj.可再生的22solaradj.太阳的23windn.风24hydroadj.水力的25nuclearadj.核能的26wasten.废物27disposaln.处理，处置28recyclev.回收利用29plasticn.塑料30biodegradableadj.可生物降解的31contaminatev.污染32toxicadj.有毒的33chemicaln.化学品34pesticiden.农药35fertilizern.肥料36soiln.土壤37erosionn.侵蚀38deforestationn.森林砍伐39desertificationn.沙漠化40biodiversityn.生物多样性41speciesn.物种42extinctionn.灭绝43ecosystemn.生态系统44habitatn.栖息地45wildlifen.野生动物46endangeredadj.濒危的47preservev.保护，保存48protectv.保护49impactn.影响50effectn.效果，影响51consequencen.后果52disastern.灾难53naturaladj.自然的54droughtn.干旱55floodn.洪水56typhoonn.台风57hurricanen.飓风58earthquaken.地震59tsunamin.海啸60smogn.烟雾61particulaten.颗粒物62mattern.物质63airn.空气64qualityn.质量65indexn.指数66watern.水67supplyn.供应68shortagen.短缺69scarcityn.稀缺70purificationn.净化71treatmentn.处理72sewagen.污水73industrialadj.工业的74agriculturaladj.农业的75urbanadj.城市的76ruraladj.农村的77developmentn.发展78growthn.增长79populationn.人口80densityn.密度81acidrainnoun酸雨82allergennoun过敏原83aquaticadjective水生的84aquifernoun含水层85antibacterialadjective抗菌的86asthmanoun哮喘87autoclavenoun高压灭菌器88backgroundlevelnounphrase本底水平89bioaccumulationnoun生物积累90biodegradablepackagingnounphrase可生物降解包装91brownfieldnoun棕地92carcinogennoun致癌物93chlorinenoun氯94cleanupnoun清理95compostnoun堆肥96contaminantnoun污染物97croprotationnounphrase轮作98detergentnoun洗涤剂99drinkingwaterstandardnounphrase饮用水标准100ecologicalfootprintnounphrase生态足迹101effluentnoun废水排放物102endocrinedisruptornounphrase内分泌干扰物103environmentalburdennounphrase环境负担104environmentalindicatornounphrase环境指标105environmentalmonitoringnounphrase环境监测106exposurenoun暴露107faminenoun饥荒108filtrationnoun过滤109foodchainnounphrase食物链110fossilfuelnounphrase化石燃料111fumesnoun烟熏气112greenbeltnounphrase绿化带113groundwaternoun地下水114habitatlossnounphrase栖息地丧失115heavymetalnounphrase重金属116herbicidenoun除草剂117hygienenoun卫生118incinerationnoun焚烧119infectiousdiseasenounphrase传染病120inhalationnoun吸入121invasivespeciesnounphrase入侵物种122landfillnoun垃圾填埋场123leadnoun铅124livestocknoun家畜125methanenoun甲烷126microplasticnoun微塑料127monitoringstationnounphrase监测站128non-renewableadjective不可再生的129nutrientnoun营养素130occupationalhazardnounphrase职业危害131organicfarmingnounphrase有机农业132oxidationnoun氧化133ozonedepletionnounphrase臭氧耗竭134pathogennoun病原体135permeableadjective透水的136pesticideresiduenounphrase农药残留137photochemicaladjective光化学的138phytoplanktonnoun浮游植物139pollutantnoun污染物质140precipitationnoun降水141publichealthnounphrase公共卫生142radioactiveadjective放射性的143reclamationnoun开垦；回收144refusenoun垃圾145reservoirnoun水库146respiratoryadjective呼吸的147runoffnoun径流148sanitationnoun环境卫生149sedimentnoun沉积物150sludgenoun污泥151smokenoun烟152soilremediationnounphrase土壤修复153solventnoun溶剂154stormwaternoun暴雨雨水155sulfurdioxidenounphrase二氧化硫156sustainabilitynoun可持续性157thermalpollutionnounphrase热污染158vectornoun传播媒介159volatileorganiccompoundnounphrase挥发性有机化合物160wetlandnoun湿地161arborealadj.树木的；栖息在树上的162biospherenoun生物圈163carbonsinknoun碳汇164circulationnoun循环；流通165cleanenergynoun清洁能源166climateresiliencenoun气候韧性167contaminatedsoilnoun污染土壤168degradationnoun退化；恶化169ecologicalrestorationnoun生态修复170effluentstandardnoun废水排放标准171environmentalauditnoun环境审计172environmentallegislationnoun环境立法173faunanoun动物群174floranoun植物群175geothermaladj.地热的176greeninfrastructurenoun绿色基础设施177hazardouswastenoun危险废物178heatislandeffectnoun热岛效应179humiditynoun湿度180hydrologicalcyclenoun水文循环181indoorairqualitynoun室内空气质量182landdegradationnoun土地退化183marineecosystemnoun海洋生态系统184naturalreservenoun自然保护区185nutrientcyclenoun养分循环186oceanacidificationnoun海洋酸化187off-gridadj.离网的188organicpollutantnoun有机污染物189permaculturenoun永续农业190pollutioncontrolnoun污染控制191rainwaterharvestingnoun雨水收集192reforestationnoun重新造林193renewableportfolionoun可再生能源组合194sedimentloadnoun泥沙负荷195silviculturenoun造林学196sustainabletransportnoun可持续交通197tidalenergynoun潮汐能198trophiclevelnoun营养级199urbansprawlnoun城市蔓延200vectorcontrolnoun病媒控制序号单词或短语词性中文释义201absorptionn.吸收202acclimatizationn.适应环境203acidificationn.酸化204activatedcarbonn.活性炭205adaptationn.适应206aerationn.曝气207aerosoln.气溶胶208afforestationn.植树造林209agrochemicaln.农用化学品210airborneadj.空气传播的211algaen.藻类212algalbloomn.藻华213alkalineadj.碱性的214alluvialadj.冲积的215ambientadj.周围的，环境的216ammonian.氨217anaerobicadj.厌氧的218anoxian.缺氧219anthropogenicadj.人为的220antibioticresistancen.抗生素耐药性221aquaculturen.水产养殖222arablelandn.耕地223aridadj.干旱的224arsenicn.砷225asbestosn.石棉226assimilationn.同化227atmosphericpressuren.大气压228attenuationn.衰减229audittrailn.审计跟踪230autotrophicadj.自养的231avalanchen.雪崩232backwashn.回流233bacterialcontaminationn.细菌污染234barrenadj.贫瘠的235baselinen.基线236benthicadj.底栖的237bermn.护道，堤岸238bioassayn.生物测定239biocapacityn.生物承载力240biocontroln.生物防治241biodegradationn.生物降解242biodieseln.生物柴油243bioenergyn.生物能源244biofueln.生物燃料245biogasn.沼气246biogeochemicalcyclen.生物地球化学循环247biohazardn.生物危害248biologicalcontroln.生物控制249biomagnificationn.生物放大作用250biomassn.生物质251biomen.生物群落252bioreactorn.生物反应器253bioremediationn.生物修复254biosafetyn.生物安全255biosensorn.生物传感器256biotan.生物区系257bioticadj.生物的258biotopen.生物小区259blackwatern.黑水（生活污水）260bleachingn.漂白；白化（珊瑚）261blightn.枯萎病；衰败262blowdownn.排污；吹扫263bogn.沼泽264borealforestn.北方森林265botanicaladj.植物学的266brackishwatern.微咸水267breakdownn.分解；故障268breedinggroundn.繁殖地269brinen.盐水270bufferzonen.缓冲区271bycatchn.副渔获物272by-productn.副产品273cadmiumn.镉274calamityn.灾难275calibrationn.校准276carboncapturen.碳捕集277carboncreditn.碳信用278carboncyclen.碳循环279carbonfootprintn.碳足迹280carbonneutraladj.碳中和的281carbonoffsetn.碳抵消282carbonsequestrationn.碳封存283carbontaxn.碳税284carcinogenicityn.致癌性285carryingcapacityn.承载能力286cascadeeffectn.级联效应287catchmentarean.集水区288cellulosen.纤维素289cesspooln.污水池290channelizationn.渠道化291charcoaln.木炭292chemosynthesisn.化学合成293chlorinationn.氯化294choleran.霍乱295chromiumn.铬296chronicexposuren.长期暴露297ciguateran.雪卡毒素中毒298cindern.煤渣299circadianrhythmn.昼夜节律300circulatorysystemn.循环系统301clayn.黏土302cleantechnologyn.清洁技术303clear-cuttingn.皆伐304climateadaptationn.气候适应305climatemitigationn.气候减缓306climaxcommunityn.顶极群落307coagulationn.混凝308coastalerosionn.海岸侵蚀309co-benefitn.协同效益310cogenerationn.热电联产311cohesionn.凝聚力；内聚力312coliformn.大肠菌群313colloidaladj.胶体的314combustionn.燃烧315commensalismn.共栖316comminutionn.粉碎317community-basedadj.社区为基础的318compactionn.压实319compensatorymitigationn.补偿性缓解320competitionn.竞争321compostingtoiletn.堆肥厕所322concentrationn.浓度323condensationn.凝结324conductivityn.电导率325confinedaquifern.承压含水层326congestionn.拥堵327coniferousadj.针叶的328conservationtillagen.保护性耕作329consortiumn.联合体；菌群330constructedwetlandn.人工湿地331consumptionpatternn.消费模式332contagiousadj.传染性的333contaminantplumen.污染羽流334continentalshelfn.大陆架335contourfarmingn.等高耕作336controlledburnn.受控燃烧337convectionn.对流338conventionalagriculturen.传统农业339convergencen.汇聚340coolingtowern.冷却塔341copepodn.桡足类动物342coralbleachingn.珊瑚白化343coralreefn.珊瑚礁344corridorn.廊道345corrosiveadj.腐蚀性的346cosmopolitanspeciesn.世界性物种347countermeasuren.对策348cradle-to-cradleadj.从摇篮到摇篮的349cradle-to-graveadj.从摇篮到坟墓的350creosoten.杂酚油351crisismanagementn.危机管理352croplandn.农田353cross-contaminationn.交叉污染354crowncovern.林冠覆盖度355cruciferousadj.十字花科的356cryospheren.冰冻圈357cryptosporidiumn.隐孢子虫358culturaleutrophicationn.文化富营养化359cumulativeimpactn.累积影响360curbsiderecyclingn.路边回收361cyanobacterian.蓝细菌362cyanotoxinn.蓝藻毒素363cyclonen.气旋364dampingn.阻尼；减震365deadzonen.死亡区（缺氧区）366decantationn.倾析367decarbonizationn.脱碳368deciduousadj.落叶的369decomposern.分解者370decompositionn.分解371decontaminationn.去污372deepwellinjectionn.深井灌注373defoliantn.落叶剂374deforestationraten.森林砍伐率375degradableadj.可降解的376de-icingsaltn.除冰盐377demersaladj.底栖的378demographicadj.人口的379denitrificationn.反硝化作用380density-dependentadj.密度依赖的381depositionn.沉积382depurationn.净化383derelictlandn.废弃土地384desalinationn.海水淡化385desertencroachmentn.沙漠侵蚀386desiccationn.干燥387detentionbasinn.滞留池388detoxificationn.解毒389detritusn.碎屑390dewpointn.露点391diatomn.硅藻392die-offn.大量死亡393diffusionn.扩散394digestern.消化池395dilutionn.稀释396ecoclimatenoun生态气候397enviropathogennoun环境病原体398geophagianoun食土癖399halophytenoun盐生植物400irriguitynoun灌溉程度序号单词或短语词性中文释义401vector-bornediseasen.媒介传播疾病402ventilationn.通风403vermifiltern.蚯蚓滤池404verticalfarmingn.垂直农业405viableadj.可行的；能存活的406vibrion.弧菌407viralloadn.病毒载量408virulencen.毒力；毒性409viscosityn.黏度410visiblespectrumn.可见光谱411vitrificationn.玻璃化（固化）412volatileadj.挥发性的413volcanicashn.火山灰414vulnerabilityn.脆弱性415vulnerablespeciesn.易危物种416wasteassimilationcapacityn.废物同化能力417wastehierarchyn.废物管理等级（减量、再用、回收、处置）418wasteminimizationn.废物最小化419wastestreamn.废物流420waste-to-energyn.废物能源化421waterbalancen.水平衡422waterborneadj.水传播的423watercolumnn.水柱424waterconservationn.水资源保护425waterdeficitn.水分亏缺426waterfootprintn.水足迹427waterloggingn.渍水；涝428waterqualityindexn.水质指数429waterreclamationn.水回收利用430waterrepellentadj.疏水的431waterretentionn.保水性432waterscarcityn.水资源短缺433watersecurityn.水安全434waterstressn.水压力435watertablen.地下水位436watertreatmentplantn.水处理厂437watershedmanagementn.流域管理438waveenergyn.波浪能439weatheringn.风化作用440weedinvasionn.杂草入侵441wellheadprotectionn.井口保护442wetdepositionn.湿沉降443wetlanddelineationn.湿地边界划定444wetscrubbern.湿式洗涤器445whirlingdiseasen.旋转病（鱼类疾病）446whitepollutionn.白色污染447wildfiresuppressionn.野火扑救448wildlifecorridorn.野生动物廊道449windbreakn.防风林450winderosionn.风蚀451windfarmn.风力发电场452windrowcompostingn.条垛式堆肥453woodlandn.林地454xenobioticn./adj.外源性物质；异生物的455xeriscapingn.旱景园艺（节水园艺）456xerophyten.旱生植物457yardwasten.庭院垃圾458yellowfevern.黄热病459yieldn./v.产量；产出460zeoliten.沸石461zerodischargen.零排放462zerowasten.零废弃463zincn.锌464zoningn.分区规划465zooplanktonn.浮游动物466zoonosisn.人畜共患病467zooxanthellaen.虫黄藻468zygoten.合子；受精卵469abatementn.减少；消除470abioticfactorn.非生物因素471abrasionn.磨损；磨蚀472abruptclimatechangen.气候突变473absolutehumidityn.绝对湿度474absorbancen.吸光度475abstractionn.抽取（水）；抽象概念476acclimationn.（对环境变化的）适应477accreditationn.认证；认可478aciddepositionn.酸沉降479acidminedrainagen.酸性矿山排水480acidneutralizingcapacityn.酸中和能力481acousticmonitoringn.声学监测482activatedsludgen.活性污泥483acuteexposuren.急性暴露484adaptivemanagementn.适应性管理485additiveeffectn.加和效应486adhesionn.黏附487adiabaticcoolingn.绝热冷却488adsorbentn.吸附剂489advectionn.平流490aerationbasinn.曝气池491aerobicdigestionn.好氧消化492aerosoltransmissionn.气溶胶传播493affinityn.亲和力；密切关系494afterburnern.后燃器495agglomerationn.团聚；聚集496agroecologyn.农业生态学497agroforestryn.农林复合经营498aircurtainn.气幕499airqualitymodelingn.空气质量模型500airstrippingn.空气吹脱默写练习一、根据中文释义写出对应的英文单词或短语。1.媒介传播疾病2.通风3.垂直农业4.可行的；能存活的5.病毒载量6.挥发性的7.脆弱性8.易危物种9.废物能源化10.水传播的11.水足迹12.水资源短缺13.地下水位14.水处理厂15.白色污染16.防风林17.风力发电场18.外源性物质；异生物的19.零排放20.人畜共患病21.减少；消除22.非生物因素23.酸沉降24.活性污泥25.适应性管理26.吸附剂27.好氧消化28.气溶胶传播29.农业生态学30.空气质量模型二、根据英文单词或短语写出对应的中文释义。31.vermifilter32.viralload33.viscosity34.vitrification35.volcanicash36.wastehierarchy37.wastestream38.waterbalance39.watercolumn40.waterdeficit41.waterlogging42.waterqualityindex43.waterrepellent44.waterretention45.watersecurity46.watershedmanagement47.waveenergy48.weathering49.wetlanddelineation50.whirlingdis