2026小升初英语提升讲义（人教版）名词（学生版）

第02讲名词

的温故知新

温故要点

例1用所给词的正确形式填空

Therearetwo(knife)andfive(tomato)onthedesk.

【答案】knivestomatoes

【思路解析】这道题考查名词的复数形式.做题时要注意two和five这两个数字后跟名词复

数形式.同时注意名词单数变复数时，以f7fe结尾的名词和以。结尾的名词的变化规则.

回顾总结

1.名词的分类

名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词.它分为普通名词和专有名词，普通名词

又可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，式中可数名词有单数和复数两种形式.

2.名词单数变复数的变化规则

名词单数变复数，一般是在单词末尾直接加-s;以字母s,x,ch,sh结尾的单词，则加-es;以字

母f或fe结尾的单词，有的直接加-s,有的则先把f/fe变为v,再加-es;以辅音字母加-y结尾的单

词，先把y变为i,再加-cso

注意：

(1)以字母o结尾的单词，除常见的hero,tomato,potato等加-es,其余加-s.

(2)class,police,people等集体名词,常以复数形式出现.

知识清单

1.名词单数变复数的不规则变化

(1)单复数同形，如:deer-deer,Chinese-Chinese.

⑵单复数不同形，如:child-children,tooth-teeth.

2.不可数名词的复数形式

不可数名词的当数形式，也可以说是不可数名词的量化，有两种方式：

⑴用much,alittle,some等词修饰.

(2)用“数字+量词+of+不可数名词”表示，变复数形式时只需把其中的量词的单数形式变为复

数形式，如:twocupsoftea两杯茶.

3.名词所有格

(1)名词所有格的构成

类别构成方法示例

单数名加，SBob'ssisterBob的姐姐/妹妹

词

复数名以・s结尾力广theboys'books男孩子们的书

词不以・S结尾加，SChildren'sDay儿童节

(2)名词所有格的用法

①表示有生命的事物的所有关系，如:Jackscarjack的汽车；

②如果某人或某物为两个或两个以卜的人共有，只需把最后一个名词变为所有格，如:Mr.and

Mrs.Green'sdaughterGreen先生和Green太太的女儿;如果为各自所有，则每个名词都要变

所有格，

如:Jim'sandGrace'sroomsJim的房间和Grace的房间;

③表示天气、时间、距离、国家等的名词的所有格也常用，s表示，如:China'scities中国的城市.

":过关检测机

«==s=ss====ss=ss=s：：

典□题精讲...........................................................................

例2用所给词的正确形式填空

(1)Therearetwenty(shoeshop)inourtown.

(2)Alotof(German)cometoChinatolearnChineseeveryyear.

【答案】(1)shoeshops(2)Germans

【思路解析】(1)名词也可作定语修饰其他的名词，但在变更数时只变后面的名词即可,

如:appletrees苹果树.

(2)alotof意为“很多”,后面要接名词的复数形式.German德国人，要注意其复数形式与man,

woman的复数形式的区别.

走出误区

做第(2)题时，你可能会联系到woman-women,man-men的复数变化规则，以为German的

复数是Gcrmcn.其实对于“某国人”的名词复数形式变化可巧记为“中口不变英法变，其他国人

都把-s添”.

例3翻译句子

我想要两杯咖啡.

【答案】Iwanttwocupsofcoffee.

【思路解析】这道题主要考查不可数名词的量化.“咖啡”是不可数名词,不可数名词一般只有

单数形式，没有复数形式.有些不可数名词可以借助量词来表示一定的数量，即把量词的单数

形式变为复数形式.

即时演练

1.写出下列名词的复数形式

benchbrushkiss

fbxmanroof

sheepwomanwatch

familydayeraser

mousefishgoose________

2.用所给单词的正确形式填空

(1)Therearesomany(wolf)intheforest.

(2)These(tomato)areredandbig.

(3)Mymotherwantstobuyanewpairof(shoe)fbrme.

(4)1wanttwo(piece)ofbread.

(5)Many(child)arcinthegarden.

领先训练

强化基础

1.根据汉语意思把下列句子补充完整

(1)Theyarc(Peter的老师和Sam的老师).

⑵(教师节)isonSeptember10th.

⑶(学生们的桌椅)areverynew.

(4)Wearcveryhappyon(儿童节).

2.用所给词的正确形式填空

(1)March8this(woman)Day.

(2)Therearesixty(minute)inanhour.

(3)Thisis(LucyandLily)room.

(4)Theroomis(Gina).

3.根据汉语意思完成句子

(1)他是Kate和Dave的爸爸.

Heisfather.

(2)我喜欢沙拉，但是他喜欢鸡肉.

Ilike,buthelikes.

(3)他是我爸爸的一个朋友.

Heisafriendof.

领先巩固

4.按要求完成下列句子

(1)1canseeiwophotosonthewall.(对画线部分提问)

photoscanyouseeonthewall?

(2)我想去长城.(补充翻译)

Iwanttogoto.

(3)Thisisaplane.(改写成复数句子)

(4)我想要两杯橘子汁.(补充翻译)

Iwant________________________

5.单项选择

()(1)Wccatinsummer.It'scool(凉的).

A.meatB.bananasC.icecreamD.children

()(2)-Whatdoweneedforthesalad?

-Weneedtwoapplesandthree________.

A.eggB.tomatoesC.pearD.banana

()(3)1don'tlike________.

A.fniitB.bananaC.pearD.tomato

()(4)-Wouldyoulikesomedrinks,boys?

-Yes,________,please.

A.someorangesB.twoglassesofC.twopiecesofbreadD.twoglassesof

orangesorange

()(5)Mypenisblack.________isblue.

A.KatesB.KateC.Kate'sD.Kates1

()(6)-Whoisthemaninthebluecar?

-Heis________brother.

A.Kate'sandMary'sB.KateandMary'sC.KateandMaryD.ofKateandMary

()(7)Evcrymorning,Mr.Smithtakesa_______tohisoffice.

A.20minuteswalkB.20minute'swalkC.20minutes*walksD.20minutes'walk

()(8)-Whatbowlofnoodleswouldyoulike,small,mediumorlarge?

-Alargebowlofbeefnoodles,please.

A.colorB.priceC.sizeD.kind

培优挑战

6.阅读短文，回答问题

StreetsofWater

Thereisacityintheworld.Peopledonotdrivecarsinthatcity.ItiscalledVenice(威尼

斯).VeniceisinItaly.TherearenostreetsinVenice.Buttherearecanals(运河).Thecanalslook

likestreets.Thereismuchwaterinthosecanals.InVenice,peopleridearoundthecityinboats.

Yourfatherandmothermayrideinabustowork.InVenice,fathersandmothersrideinboats.

()d)Therearemany________inVenice.

A.canalsB.streetsC.roads

()(2)Thecanalslooklike________.

A.waterB.streetsC.boats

()(3)There's________waterinthecanals.

A.littleB.muchC.many

()(4)IriVenice,peopleoften________.

A.rideabikeB.rideahorseC.rideinboats

I觥中考链接

1.Billhasgottwo.

A.sisterB.brothersC.student

2.Look!Therearesomeeatinggrassonthehill.

A.sheepB.cowC.horse

3.I'mnothungryatallbecauseIjustatemuch.

A.applesB.bananasC.bread

4.TheisChina'snationaltreasure.Ifsakindofcuteanimalthatlikeseatingbamboo.

A.pandaB.tigerC.elephant

5.Thisyear,thefamilywentcampingonDay,June1st.

A.ChildB.Child'sC.ChildrenD.Children's

6.MoreandmorewanttoleamaboutChineseculture.

A.GermansB.GermanC.GermanyD.Germans'

7.-Wouldyoulikesome?

-Yes,madam.

A.eggB.juiceC.milkteas

8.-Therewillbetomorrow.Wecan'teatout.

-Well,wehavetostayathome.

A.rainyB.rainC.raining

9.FrommyonthetopoftheTVtower,Icanhaveaperfectviewofourcity.

A.traditionB.conditionC.positionD.situation

10.fatherisapilet.Hehasbeentomanycountriesaroundtheworld.

A.TonyandPeter*sB.Tony'sandPeterC.Tony'sandPeter's

1l.Withtheintroductionofthe"doublereduction**policy(双减政策)，oneofthe

thatthestudentshavelesshomework.

A.changes;isBchange;isC.changes;arc

12.TherangandPatansweredit.ItwashissoncallingfromNewYork.

A.telephoneB.doorbellC.clockD.bike

13.-Howdidyouputtogetherthemodelplanesoperfectly?

-It'seasy.Ijustfollowedthe

A.instructionsB.instrumentsC.interviewsD.inventions

14.AI1receivedfreshflowersonWomen'sDay.

A.womanteacherB.womanteachersC.womenteachersD.womenteacher

15.TraditionalChineseMedicineisagreatforournation.

A.treasureB.resolutionC.pleasureD.standard

16.1naconversationbetweentwopersons,65%ofisdonethroughbodylanguage.

A.informationB.pronunciationC.introductionD.communication

17.-Whatacleanandtidyroom!

-Yes.It'sroom.

A.TinaandNina'sB.Tina'sandNinaC.TinaandNinaD.Tina,sandNina's

18.-Lisa,couldyouhelpmebuysomeonyourwayhome?

-Ok,mom.

A.eggB.beefC.bananaD.potato

19.Threefifthsoftheteachersinourschoolare

A.manteachersB.menteachersC.womanteachersD.womenteacher

2O.-CanIhelpyou?

-PleasegivemeaboutthetrainstoDaqing.

A.afewinformationsB.alittleinformationsC.alittleinformationD.afewinfbrma:ion

21.UncleLihasafarm,therearesomeonthefarm.

A.chickenandsheepB.chickensandC.chickensandsheepD.chickenandsheeps

sheeps

22.Thepinkhairbandmustbelongto

A.Linda'sB.LindaC.hers

23.-Youhaveanicehouse!Whoseroomisthis?

A.JackandPeter'sB.Jack'sandPeter'sC.JacksandPeterD.JackandPeter

24."I'msadtoh