2025年江苏省人教版高一英语第1单元语法练习题

2025年江苏省人教版高一英语第1单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Wewillgotothecinemaifitraintomorrowmorning.（解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时）；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时）；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，时态正确；选项D中"if"引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，"rain"应为"rains"。正确答案为C。）2.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichbelongtomysister.B.Iboughtsomecoffeeandtwoteaforbreakfastyesterday.C.Hegoestoschoolbybuseverydayexceptweekend.D.ThewomaninredismyEnglishteacherwhoteachusgrammar.（解析：选项A中"which"前需加定冠词"the"；选项B中"twotea"应为"twoteas"（复数名词前需加不定冠词）；选项C中"except"前需加不定冠词"an"；选项D中"who"前需加定冠词"the"。正确答案为B。）3.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationontimeforthetrain.B.Theteacheraskedmeaboutmyopiniononthistopic.C.Heisinterestedinplaytheguitarsincehewasachild.D.Theywenttotheparkinspiteofitwasraining.（解析：选项A中"forthetrain"多余，应为"forthetrain";选项B中"aboutmyopinion"表述正确；选项C中"play"前需加不定冠词"toplay"；选项D中"itwasraining"需改为"itwasraining"。正确答案为B。）4.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Isawaboywhoisrunningacrossthestreet.B.Shelikestoreadbookswhichisveryinteresting.C.Thecatissleepingbecauseitfelldownfromthetree.D.Hewenttothelibrarytoborrowabookwhichtofinishbeforetomorrow.（解析：选项A中"whoisrunning"时态错误，应为"whowasrunning"；选项B中"whichis"时态错误，应为"whichare"；选项C中"itfelldown"时态正确；选项D中"whichtofinish"结构错误，应为"whichheneedstofinish"。正确答案为C。）5.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中主谓一致使用正确的一项。A.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowtheanswertothisquestion.B.Therearemanypeoplewhoarewaitingforthebus.C.Eachofthestudentshastheirowncomputer.D.Thenewsfromthewarisveryshocking.（解析：选项A中主语为"neither...nor"结构，谓语用单数；选项B中"people"为复数，谓语用复数；选项C中"Eachof"结构，谓语用单数，但"their"应为"hisorher"；选项D中"news"为不可数名词，谓语用单数。正确答案为A。）6.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中宾语从句使用正确的一项。A.Shesaidthatshegoestothegymeverymorning.B.Idon’tknowwhyhewaslateforthemeetingyesterday.C.TheyaskedmeifIcanfinishtheworkbynextFriday.D.Hetoldmethatthemoviewasveryboring.（解析：选项A中"that"引导的宾语从句需用一般过去时，"goes"应为"went"；选项B中"why"引导的宾语从句需用过去时，"waslate"正确；选项C中"if"引导的宾语从句需用一般现在时，"canfinish"应为"canfinish"；选项D中"that"引导的宾语从句需用过去时，"wasboring"正确。正确答案为B。）7.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中定语从句使用正确的一项。A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.B.Iboughtabookwhichisveryinterestingyesterday.C.Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctorwhoworkinthehospital.D.Sheisthestudentwhostudyhardeveryday.（解析：选项A中"who"前需加定冠词"the"；选项B中"which"前需加不定冠词"a"；选项C中"whowork"时态错误，应为"whoworks"；选项D中"whostudy"时态错误，应为"whostudies"。正确答案为A。）8.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中虚拟语气使用正确的一项。A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothepartylastnight.B.ShewishshecouldspeakEnglishfluentlynow.C.Hewouldhavefinishedtheworkifhehadmoretimeyesterday.D.Ifitdidn’traintomorrow,wewouldgohiking.（解析：选项A中"were"正确，表示与现在事实相反；选项B中"wish"后需用过去式，"couldspeak"应为"speaked"；选项C中"wouldhavefinished"正确，表示与过去事实相反；选项D中"didn’train"需改为"rained"。正确答案为C。）9.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中比较级使用正确的一项。A.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.B.Sheistallerthanherbrother.C.Hiscaristhemostexpensiveofallthecarsintheparkinglot.D.Thisproblemismoredifficultthanthatone.（解析：选项A中"moreinteresting"正确；选项B中"taller"正确；选项C中"mostexpensive"前需加定冠词"the"；选项D中"moredifficult"正确。正确答案为A。）10.根据人教版高一英语第1单元语法内容，选择下列句子中倒装句使用正确的一项。A.Notonlydidshepasstheexam,butshealsowontheprize.B.Theregoesthebell,weshouldgotoclassnow.C.Sotiredwashethathefellasleepimmediately.D.Onthewallhungapicturewhichwastakenlastyear.（解析：选项A中"notonly"位于句首需部分倒装，"didshepass"正确；选项B中"theregoes"为固定结构，"weshould"时态错误，应为"weshouldgo"；选项C中"sotiredwashe"正确；选项D中"hung"时态错误，应为"hung"。正确答案为C。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.She______(go)tothesupermarketyesterdayeveningbecauseshe______(need)tobuysomemilk.（参考答案：went,needed）（解析：根据"yesterdayevening"判断时态为一般过去时，"because"引导的从句需用一般过去时，"need"为实义动词，需用过去式"needed"。）2.Theboy______(play)basketballwhentherain______(start)suddenly.（参考答案：wasplaying,started）（解析："when"引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时；"start"为实义动词，需用过去式"started"。）3.IfI______(have)moretimetomorrow,I______(go)tothelibrarytoreadabook.（参考答案：had,wouldgo）（解析："if"引导的虚拟条件状语从句，与将来事实相反，需用一般过去时；主句用"would+动词原形"。）4.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______(know)theanswertothisquestion.（参考答案：knows）（解析："neither...nor"结构，谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致，"theteacher"为单数，需用单数形式"knows"。）5.There______(be)manypeoplewaitingforthebusatthestationnow.（参考答案：are）（解析："Therebe"句型，谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致，"people"为复数，需用复数形式"are"。）6.Sheaskedme______(finish)myhomeworkbeforegoingtobed.（参考答案：tofinish）（解析："ask"后需用不定式作宾补，"finish"需加"to"变为"tofinish"。）7.Thegirl______(wear)abluedressismysister.（参考答案：wearing）（解析："who"引导的定语从句，修饰"girl"，需用现在分词作定语，"wear"变为"wearing"。）8.Heisinterestedin______(play)theguitarbecausehe______(start)learningitlastmonth.（参考答案：playing,started）（解析："beinterestedin"后需用动名词，"play"变为"playing"；"because"引导的从句需用一般过去时，"start"变为"started"。）9.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(notgo)hiking.（参考答案：rains,won’tgo）（解析："if"引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，"rain"变为"rains"；"notgo"需用"won’tgo"。）10.Thisproblemis______(difficult)thanthatone.（参考答案：moredifficult）（解析："than"比较级前需加"more"修饰形容词，"difficult"变为比较级"moredifficult"。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Shegoestothegymeverymorning.（×）解析：句子中缺少时间状语，应为"Shegoestothegymeverymorningthismorning."（如果强调今天）或"Shegoestothegymeverymorning."（泛指）。2.Thebookisonthetablebelongtomysister.（×）解析：定冠词缺失，应为"Thebookisonthetablewhichbelongstomysister."或"Thebookonthetablebelongstomysister."。3.Heisinterestedinplaytheguitar.（×）解析：动名词前需加不定冠词，应为"Heisinterestedinplayingtheguitar."。4.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothepartylastnight.（√）解析：虚拟语气正确，表示与现在事实相反。5.ShewishshecouldspeakEnglishfluentlynow.（×）解析：wish后需用虚拟语气，应为"ShewishesshecouldspeakEnglishfluentlynow."。6.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowtheanswer.（√）解析：主谓一致正确，谓语动词与靠近的主语"theteacher"保持一致。7.Therearemanypeoplewhoarewaitingforthebus.（√）解析：定语从句正确，"who"指代"people"，谓语动词与"people"保持一致。8.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.（√）解析：比较级正确，"moreinteresting"与"than"搭配合理。9.Sotiredwashethathefellasleepimmediately.（√）解析：倒装句正确，"so...that"结构中，"so"位于句首需部分倒装。10.Thenewsfromthewarisveryshocking.（√）解析：不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.简述一般现在时和一般过去时的主要区别。参考答案：一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，动词形式为原形（第三人称单数加-s）；一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，动词形式为过去式。例如："Hegoestoschooleveryday."（一般现在时）vs"Hewenttoschoolyesterday."（一般过去时）。2.解释定冠词"the"的常见用法。参考答案："the"用于特指名词，如"Thebookonthetable"（特定的书）；用于独一无二的事物，如"Thesun,themoon"；用于序数词和形容词最高级前，如"thefirstday,thebestanswer"；用于某些固定搭配，如"theUnitedStates"。3.说明非谓语动词的三种形式及其基本用法。参考答案：非谓语动词包括动名词（doing）、不定式（todo）和分词（done/doing）。动名词作主语、宾语、表语；不定式作主语、宾语、状语、定语；分词作定语、状语、补语。例如："Readingismyhobby."（动名词作主语）vs"IwanttolearnEnglish."（不定式作宾语）。4.比较虚拟语气在"if"句和"wish"句中的用法区别。参考答案："if"句中，与现在事实相反用一般过去时，与将来事实相反用"would+动词原形"；"wish"句中，与现在事实相反用过去式，与过去事实相反用"had+动词过去分词"。例如："IfIwererich,Iwouldbuyacar."（与现在事实相反）vs"IwishIwererich."（与现在事实相反）。5.解释倒装句的两种常见类型及其构成。参考答案：部分倒装（将助动词、情态动词或be动词提到主语前），如"Sohotwastheweatherthat..."；完全倒装（将谓语动词提到主语前），如"Herecomesthebus."。6.说明比较级前常用副词的几种情况。参考答案：比较级前常用"much,even,still,alittle,abit"等副词修饰，如"evenmoreinteresting"；表示程度递增用"far,byfar"；表示最高级用"themost"。例如："Thisbookismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone."。7.解释宾语从句中引导词的选择及其时态要求。参考答案：引导词有"that,whether/if,who/what/where/when/why"等；时态要求：陈述句用陈述语序，一般现在时；一般过去时；一般将来时；特殊时态（如宾语从句中需用虚拟语气）。例如："Idon’tknowifhewillcome."（一般将来时）vs"Shesaidthatshewastired."（一般过去时）。8.说明介词"on,in,at"表示时间的区别。参考答案："at"用于具体时间点，如"at6o’clock"；"in"用于较长时段或月份/年份，如"inJune,in2025"；"on"用于具体日子或日期，如"onMonday"。例如："Iwillmeetyouat8o’clock."vs"Shewasbornin2000."vs"TheywillgoonSunday."。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Myfriend,Tom,______(live)inShanghaiforfiveyears.He______(notlike)thecitybecauseit______(be)toocrowded.Lastweek,he______(decide)tomovetoBeijing.Hisnewapartment______(be)nearhiscompany.He______(hope)it______(be)abetterchoice.（参考答案：haslived,doesn’tlike,is,decided,willbe,hopes,willbe）解析：根据"forfiveyears"用现在完成时；"notlike"用一般现在时；"betoocrowded"用一般现在时；"decide"用一般过去时；"nearhiscompany"用一般将来时；"hope"用一般现在时；"beabetterchoice"用一般将来时。2.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Thegirlinblue______(wear)adresswhich______(make)ofsilk.She______(go)tothepartylastnightbecauseshe______(have)alotoffreetime.Herbrother______(call)herearlier,butshe______(notanswer)thephonebecauseshe______(dance)withherfriends.（参考答案：waswearing,wasmade,went,had,called,didn’tanswer,wasdancing）解析：根据"lastnight"用一般过去时；"makeofsilk"用过去被动语态；"go"用一般过去时；"have"用一般过去时；"call"用一般过去时；"didn’tanswer"用一般过去时；"dance"用一般过去时。3.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。IfI______(be)you,I______(study)harderfortheexam.Lastyear,myfriend,Lisa,______(notstudy)forthetest,soshe______(get)alowgrade.Thisyear,she______(try)toimproveherEnglishbecauseshe______(want)togetagoodjob.She______(hope)she______(do)betterthistime.（参考答案：were,wouldstudy,didn’tstudy,got,istrying,wants,willdo）解析：虚拟条件句与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"；"lastyear"用一般过去时；"get"用一般过去时；"try"用现在进行时；"want"用现在时；"hope"用现在时；"do"用一般将来时。4.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Theboy______(play)basketballwhentherain______(start)suddenly.Hisfather______(call)him,buthe______(nothear)thephonebecausehe______(focus)onthegame.Later,he______(realize)he______(miss)animportantmessage.（参考答案：wasplaying,started,called,didn’thear,realized,hadmissed）解析：根据"when"引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时；"start"用一般过去时；"call"用一般过去时；"hear"用一般过去时；"realize"用一般过去时；"miss"用过去完成时（动作发生在"realize"之前）。5.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。She______(go)tothesupermarketyesterdayeveningbecauseshe______(need)tobuysomemilk.She______(see)amanwho______(carry)ababy.She______(help)himbecauseshe______(be)kind.Herfriend,Sarah,______(wait)forherathome.（参考答案：went,needed,saw,wascarrying,helped,was）解析：根据"yesterdayevening"用一般过去时；"need"用一般过去时；"see"用一般过去时；"carry"用过去进行时（描述过去正在发生的动作）；"help"用一般过去时；"be"用一般过去时。6.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。IfI______(have)moretimetomorrow,I______(go)tothelibrarytoreadabook.Mybrother,Mark,______(notlike)reading,sohe______(watch)TVinstead.He______(prefer)watchingmoviesbecausehe______(think)it______(be)morerelaxing.（参考答案：had,wouldgo,doesn’tlike,wouldwatch,prefers,thinks,willbe）解析：虚拟条件句与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"；"doesn’tlike"用一般现在时；"watch"用一般过去时；"prefer"用一般现在时；"think"用一般现在时；"be"用一般将来时。7.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Thegirlwho______(wear)abluedressismysister.She______(live)inLondon,butshe______(move)toNewYorklastmonth.She______(study)atauniversitythere.Herfavoritesubject______(be)Englishliterature.（参考答案：wears,lives,moved,studies,is）解析：定语从句中"wear"用一般现在时；"live"用一般现在时；"move"用一般过去时；"study"用一般现在时；"be"用一般现在时。8.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。He______(go)tothegymeverymorningbecausehe______(want)tostayfit.Hisfriend,John,______(notlike)exercising,sohe______(prefer)toplaybasketballonweekends.He______(think)it______(be)morefun.（参考答案：goes,wants,doesn’tlike,prefers,thinks,willbe）解析：根据"everymorning"用一般现在时；"want"用一般现在时；"doesn’tlike"用一般现在时；"prefer"用