2026年山东考研(英语)真题及参考答案

-2026年山东考研(英语)真题及参考答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.（）ASinceBUnlessCAsDAlthough答案：D解析：考查连词辨析。句意为：“虽然他的技术知识有限，但这位老工人有很多经验。”前后分句之间存在转折或让步关系。Since表示“既然/因为”，Unless表示“除非”，As表示“因为/当……时”，Although表示“虽然/尽管”。根据句意，Although符合逻辑。故选D。（2）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextMonday.（）AwillbepostponedBbepostponedCispostponedDhasbeenpostponed答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。在suggest,recommend,order,demand等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需使用“(should)+动词原形”的结构，其中should可以省略。meeting与postpone之间是被动关系，因此应使用(should)bepostponed。故选B。（3）Itisessentialthateverystudent______theexamrulescarefullybeforeenteringthehall.（）AreadsBreadCwillreadDhasread答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：每个学生在进入考场前仔细阅读考试规则是至关重要的。在"Itisessential/necessary/important...that..."句型中，that引导的主语从句需使用虚拟语气，谓语动词结构为(should)+动词原形，其中should可以省略。因此选B。（4）Themanagerdemandedthatthereport______finishedbeforeFriday.（）AisBwasCbeDwillbe答案：C解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在表示建议、命令、要求等动词（如demand,suggest,order,require等）后的宾语从句中，谓语动词应用"(should)+动词原形"的形式，其中should可以省略。因此，此处应填be。（5）Theteacheraskedthestudentsto____theiressaysbeforehandingthemin.（）AproofreadBpreviewCpredictDproceed答案：A解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。句意为“老师要求学生在交卷前____他们的文章”。A.proofread校对；B.preview预习/预览；C.predict预测；D.proceed继续。根据语境，交卷前应进行“校对”，故选A。（6）Itwasnotuntilmidnight______hefinishedwritingthereport.（）AwhenBthatCwhichDsince答案：B解析：本题考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。本句强调的是时间状语notuntilmidnight，因此连接词应使用that。注意：如果原句是Itwasmidnightwhen...则是时间状语从句，但这里有notuntil结构，符合强调句特征。（7）____itrainstomorrow,wewillstillgohiking.（）AEvenifBAsifCOnlyifDUnless答案：A解析：考查连词辨析。句意为“即使明天下雨，我们仍然要去徒步”。Evenif意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。Asif好像；Onlyif只有当...才；Unless除非。（8）Notonly______interestedinfootball,butalsoheplaysitverywell.（）AheisBisheChewasDwashe答案：B解析：本题考查倒装句。当"Notonly...butalso..."连接两个分句，且Notonly位于句首时，前一个分句需要使用部分倒装结构，即将助动词、系动词或情态动词提至主语之前。根据后半句"plays"可知时态为一般现在时，主语为he，系动词为is，因此倒装后为"ishe"。故选B。（9）HardlyhadIenteredtheroom______thephonerang.（）AthanBwhenCasDwhile答案：B解析：考查倒装句与固定搭配。'Hardly...when...'是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时，主句需要使用部分倒装结构（hadIentered）。注意区分'Nosooner...than...'的搭配。（10）BythetimeyougettoBeijing,I______forShanghai.（）AwillleaveBhaveleftCwillhaveleftDhadleft答案：C解析：本题考查将来完成时。'Bythetime+一般现在时从句'表示“到……时候为止”，主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone)，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意：当你到达北京时，我已经去上海了。故为C。（11）IfI____you,Iwouldtakethejobofferimmediately.（）AamBwasCwereDhavebeen答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。在表示与现在事实相反的假设条件句中，if从句的谓语动词需用过去式，be动词通常统一用were，不管主语是什么人称。主句用would/could/should/might+动词原形。（12）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextFriday.（）AwaspostponedBbepostponedCpostponedDwouldbepostponed答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。在suggest,order,demand,require,request,command等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需用虚拟语气，即'(should)+动词原形'，should可以省略。此处会议是被推迟，故用被动语态(should)bepostponed。句意：经理建议会议推迟到下周五。故选B。（13）Itisnouse______withhimaboutthismatter;heistoostubborn.（）AtoargueBarguingCargueDargued答案：B解析：考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”。类似的表达还有Itisnogooddoingsth.。此处应用动名词形式arguing作真正的主语。因此选B。（14）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"，它与动词see之间是被动关系（山脚被看），因此应用过去分词Seen表被动和完成。若选Seeing，则意味着山脚主动去看，逻辑不通。（15）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"，它与see之间是被动关系（山脚被看），因此应使用过去分词Seen作状语。如果选Seeing，则意味着山脚发出“看”的动作，不符合逻辑。故选B。（16）BythetimeyougettoNewYork,I______forLondon.（）AwouldbeleavingBamleavingChavealreadyleftDshallhaveleft答案：D解析：本题考查将来完成时。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句中，若从句使用一般现在时表示将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（will/shallhavedone），表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意为“当你到达纽约时，我将已经去伦敦了”。（17）Themanager,aswellashisassistants,______toattendthemeetingtomorrow.（）AareBisCwereDhavebeen答案：B解析：本题考查主谓一致。当主语后面跟有aswellas,togetherwith,alongwith,accompaniedby等短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前面的主语决定，即遵循“就远原则”。本句主语是Themanager（单数），且时间状语是tomorrow，故谓语动词用单数形式is。故选B。（18）Bythetimeyougetback,greatchanges______inthisarea.（）AwilltakeplaceBwillbetakenplaceCaregoingtotakeplaceDwillhavetakenplace答案：D解析：本题考查时态。'Bythetime...'引导的时间状语从句若使用一般现在时（getback），主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。此外，'takeplace'是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，排除B。A和C为一般将来时或将来进行时，不符合'Bythetime'的语境要求。为D。（19）Bythetimehearrivedatthestation,thetrain______.（）AleftBhasleftChadleftDwasleaving答案：C解析：本题考查过去完成时。句中"Bythetime"引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时（arrived），表示“当他到达车站的时候”。主句的动作发生在从句动作之前，即“火车离开”发生在“他到达”之前，属于“过去的过去”，因此主句应使用过去完成时（had+过去分词）。故选C。（20）Bythetimehearrivedatthestation,thetrain______.（）AleftBhasleftChadleftDwasleaving答案：C解析：考查过去完成时。句意：当他到达车站时，火车已经开走了。“Bythetime+过去时间点/从句”作状语时，主句通常使用过去完成时，表示动作在过去某个时间点之前已经完成。故选C。（21）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextMonday.（）ApostponeBbepostponedCwaspostponedDwouldbepostponed答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：经理建议会议推迟到下周一举行。动词suggest表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气，结构为"(should)+动词原形"。此外，meeting（会议）与postpone（推迟）之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态"(should)bedone"。综合来看，正确形式应为"(should)bepostponed"，省略should后即为bepostponed。A项是主动语态原形；C项和D项未使用虚拟语气结构。故选B。（22）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子的主语是thesouthfootofthemountain（山的南麓）。逻辑上，“山脚”是被“看”的对象，而不是发出“看”这个动作的主体，因此应使用过去分词表示被动关系。See与主语之间是被动关系，故用Seen。若选ASeeing，则暗示主语是人，即“人从塔顶看……”，但后半句主语是山脚，造成悬垂修饰错误。故选B。（23）Itisessentialthateverystudent______theexamrulescarefullybeforeenteringthehall.（）AreadsBreadCwillreadDhasread答案：B解析：本题考查虚拟语气。在"Itisessential/necessary/important...that..."句型中，that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气，即"(should)+动词原形"，其中should可以省略。因此这里应填动词原形read。故选B。（24）Thenewpolicywillcomeinto______onJanuary1st.（）AeffectBaffectCeffortDoffer答案：A解析：本题考查词义辨析及固定搭配。comeintoeffect是固定短语，意为“生效、实施”。affect是动词，意为“影响”；effort意为“努力”；offer意为“提供、提议”。根据句意“新政策将于1月1日生效”，应选effect。因此选A。（25）______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（）ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案：B解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是主句的主语'thesouthfootofthemountain'。山脚是被看的对象，与see之间是被动关系，因此应使用过去分词Seen作状表被动。如果是Seeing，则意味着山脚在看，逻辑不通。句意：从塔顶看去，山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Heissokindthatheisalwaysreadytohelpotherswithout____.答案：hesitation解析：考查名词及固定搭配。withouthesitation是常用短语，意为“毫不犹豫地”。句意：他非常善良，总是毫不犹豫地准备帮助别人。此处需填入hesitate的名词形式hesitation。（2）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案：arguing解析：考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。故填arguing。（3）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter;heistoostubborn.答案：arguing解析：固定句型Itisnousedoingsth.解析：句型“Itisnouse/gooddoingsomething”是英语中的常用固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的/没有好处的”。在这个结构中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。因此，括号内的动词argue需要转换为动名词形式arguing。注意去e加ing。（4）HardlyhadIarrivedatthestation______thetrainstarted.答案：when解析：考查倒装句和固定搭配。Hardly...when...是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时，句子需部分倒装。本句意为“我刚到车站，火车就开了。”故填when。（5）Hardlyhadheenteredtheroom______thephonerang.答案：when解析：考查固定搭配与倒装句。Hardly...when...是固定搭配，意为“一……就……”。当Hardly位于句首时，主句需使用部分倒装结构（hadheentered）。从句由when引导，通常使用一般过去时。故填when。（6）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter;heistoostubborn.答案：arguing解析：考查固定句型。"Itisnousedoingsth."是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”，其中it是形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。故填arguing。（7）Bythetimeyougettothestation,thetrain______(leave).答案：willhaveleft解析：考查时态。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若使用一般现在时表将来，主句通常使用将来完成时（willhavedone），表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意为“当你到达车站时，火车已经开走了”。（8）Bythetimehegetshome,hismother______(finish)cookingdinner.答案：willhavefinished解析：考查时态。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来，主句通常使用将来完成时，表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。结构为willhavedone。故填willhavefinished。（9）Ilookforwardto____fromyousoon.答案：hearing解析：本题考查固定搭配。Lookforwardto意为“期待”，其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词。Hear的动名词形式是hearing。注意不要误用为不定式tohear。（10）Themoreyoupractice,the____youwillbecome.答案：better解析：本题考查"the+比较级...,the+比较级..."句型，意为“越……，就越……”。practice是动词，后面修饰它的程度应用well的比较级better。句意：你练习得越多，你就会变得越好。（11）Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案：arguing解析：考查固定句型。“Itisnousedoingsth.”是固定搭配，意为“做某事是没有用的”，其中it是形式主语，动名词短语作真正的主语。（12）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextFriday.答案：(should)beput解析：虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用。解析：当suggest,advise,order,demand,request,require,insist等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气，即“(should)+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。本句中，主语是themeeting，与动词putoff（推迟）之间是被动关系，因此需要使用被动语态。结构为：(should)be+过去分词。put的过去分词仍是put。故答案为：(should)beput或beput。（13）Nomatterhowhardhetried,hecouldn'tmakehimself______(understand).答案：understood解析：考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。makeoneselfdone是固定用法，意为“使自己被……”，此处himself与understand之间是被动关系（他被人理解），因此使用过去分词understood。故填understood。（14）Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(postpone)untilnextFriday.答案：(should)bepostponed解析：考查虚拟语气。suggest,propose,recommend,insist,order,demand,request,require,command等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。meeting与postpone之间是被动关系，故填(should)bepostponed。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）Travelingisoneofthemostenrichingexperiencesapersoncanhave.Itexposesustodifferentcultures,traditions,andperspectives.Whenwevisitanewcountry,weoftenencountersituationsthatchallengeour1______.Forinstance,foodhabitsmayvarysignificantlyfromwhatweareusedto.Insteadofrejectingthesedifferences,weshouldembracethemwithanopenmind.Thisattitudenotonlyenhancesourtravelexperiencebutalsofostersmutual2______amongpeoplefromdiversebackgrounds.Moreover,travelinghelpsusdevelopproblem-solvingskills.Whenfacedwithunexpecteddelaysorlanguagebarriers,welearntoadaptandremain3______.Theseexperiencesbuildconfidenceandresilience.Inaddition,meetinglocalsprovidesinsightsthatguidebookscannotoffer.Theirstoriesandrecommendationsoftenleadtothemost4______momentsofthetrip.Therefore,travelingisnotjustaboutseeingsights;itisaboutpersonal5______andglobalunderstanding.答案：1.assumptions2.respect3.calm4.memorable5.growth解析：本文阐述了旅行的意义，指出旅行不仅能开阔眼界，还能培养包容心、解决问题的能力以及促进个人成长。答案解析：1.assumptions：旅行中遇到的情况往往挑战我们原有的“假设/固有观念”。2.respect：以开放的心态拥抱差异能促进不同背景人群之间的相互“尊重”。3.calm：面对意外延误或语言障碍时，我们需要适应并保持“冷静”。4.memorable：当地人的故事和建议往往带来旅途中最“难忘的”时刻。5.growth：旅行不仅是看风景，更是关于个人“成长”和全球理解。（2）Learninganewlanguageisajourneythatrequirespatienceandpractice.Formanystudents,theprocesscanseemdauntingatfirst.However,withtherightapproach,anyonecanachievefluency.Thefirststepistosetrealisticgoals.Insteadoftryingtolearneverythingatonce,focusonsmall,achievabletargets.Forexample,aimtolearntennewwordsadayormasteronegrammaticalstructureperweek.Thismethodhelpstobuildconfidenceandpreventsfeelingsofbeingoverwhelmed.Immersionisanotherkeyfactor.Surroundingyourselfwiththetargetlanguagecanacceleratelearning.Youcanlistentopodcasts,watchmovies,orreadbooksinthelanguageyouarestudying.Evenchangingthelanguagesettingsonyourphonecanprovidedailyexposure.Practicespeakingisessential,evenifyoumakemistakes.Manylearnersareafraidofsoundingfoolish,buterrorsareanaturalpartofthelearningprocess.Findingalanguagepartnerorjoiningaconversationclubcanprovidevaluableopportunitiestopractice.Consistencyismoreimportantthanintensity.Studyingforfifteenminuteseverydayismoreeffectivethanstudyingforfivehoursonceaweek.Regularpracticehelpstoreinforcememoryandkeepthelanguageactiveinyourmind.Finally,enjoytheprocess.Languagelearningopensdoorstonewculturesandperspectives.Byembracingthechallengesandcelebratingsmallvictories,youcanmakethejourneyrewarding.1______manystudentsfindlanguagelearningdifficult,itisnotimpossible.Withdetermination,progressisinevitable.2______settingsmallgoalshelpstomaintainmotivation.Largegoalscanoftenseemunattainable,leadingtofrustration.3______immersioninvolvesexposingyourselftothelanguageasmuchaspossible.Thiscreatesanenvironmentwherelearninghappensnaturally.4______speakingallowsyoutoapplywhatyouhavelearned.Itbridgesthegapbetweentheoreticalknowledgeandpracticaluse.5______consistencyensuresthatyoudonotforgetwhatyouhavelearned.Itbuildsastrongfoundationforlong-termretention.答案：1.Although2.Firstly3.Secondly4.Practicing5.Ultimately解析：本文介绍了学习新语言的有效方法，包括设定现实目标、沉浸式学习、开口练习、保持一致性以及享受过程。1.Although：考查连词。前半句说许多学生觉得难，后半句说并非不可能，存在转折关系，故用Although（虽然）。2.Firstly：考查序数副词。文章在列举建议，这是第一条建议（设定小目标），故用Firstly（首先）。3.Secondly：考查序数副词。紧承上一条，这是第二条建议（沉浸式学习），故用Secondly（其次）。4.Practicing：考查动名词作主语。句意为“练习口语让你能应用所学”。Practicespeaking是固定搭配，此处作主语需用动名词形式Practicing。5.Ultimately：考查副词。这是最后一条建议或总结性观点，强调一致性的重要性，故用Ultimately（最终/根本上）。（3）Theimportanceofphysicalexercisecannotbeoverstated.Regularexercisehelpstomaintainahealthyweightandstrengthentheheart.Italsoreleasesendorphins,whicharechemicalsinthebrainthatactasnaturalpainkillersandmoodelevators.Therefore,exercisingcanreducestressandanxiety.Manypeoplefinditdifficulttostartanexerciseroutineduetolackoftimeormotivation.However,evenashortwalkeverydaycanhavesignificanthealth1______.Itisrecommendedtochooseanactivitythatyouenjoy,suchasswimming,cycling,ordancing.Thismakesiteasiertosticktothe2______.Remember,consistencyiskeytoachievinglong-term3______.答案：1.benefits2.routine3.goals解析：1.benefits：即使每天短距离散步也有显著的健康“益处”（benefits）。2.routine：选择喜欢的活动更容易坚持这个“常规/惯例”（routine）。前文提到了exerciseroutine。3.goals：一致性是实现长期“目标”（goals）的关键。（4）Successdoesnotnecessarilymeangreatachievements.Itmeansdoingyourbestandbeinghappywithwhatyouhavedone.Everyonehastheirowndefinitionofsuccess.Forsome,itismakingalotofmoney;forothers,itishavingalargefamilyorhelpingpeopleinneed.However,nomatterwhatyourgoalis,themostimportantthingistokeepmovingforward.Lifeisfullofchallengesandobstacles.Ifyougiveupeasily,youwillneverachieveanything.Ontheotherhand,ifyoupersistinyourefforts,youwilleventuallyreachyourdestination.Rememberthatfailureisnottheoppositeofsuccess;itispartofthejourney.Everytimeyoufail,youlearnsomethingnewthatbringsyouclosertoyourgoal.Therefore,donotbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Instead,viewthemasopportunitiesforgrowth.Keepapositiveattitudeandbelieveinyourself.Withdeterminationandhardwork,youcanovercomeanydifficultyandfindyourownpathto1______.Intheend,truesuccessisnotaboutthedestinationbutaboutthe2______youtakealongtheway.Itisaboutbecomingabetterpersonthrougheveryexperience.So,cherisheverymomentandmakethemostofyourlife.Thatisthereal3______ofsuccess.答案：1.success2.journey3.meaning解析：1.success：文章通篇讨论的是成功的定义和通往成功的路径，此处指找到通往“成功”的道路，与前文呼应。2.journey：前文提到failureispartofthejourney（失败是旅程的一部分），此处再次强调成功不在于终点而在于沿途的“旅程”。3.meaning：最后一句总结，这才是成功的真正“意义/含义”。themeaningofsuccess是常见搭配。（5）TheInternethaschangedthewaywecommunicate.Inthepast,peoplewroteletterstostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilyfaraway.Itoftentookweeksforalettertoarrive.Today,wecansendmessagesinstantlythroughemailorsocialmedia.Thisconveniencehasmadecommunicationfasterandeasier.However,ithasalsobroughtsomeproblems.Manypeoplespendtoomuchtimeonlineandneglectface-to-faceinteractions.Asaresult,theymayfeellonelydespitebeingconnectedtohundredsofpeoplevirtually.Expertssuggestthatweshouldfindabalancebetweenonlineandofflinelife.Itisimportantto1______realrelationshipswithpeoplearoundus.Spendingqualitytimewithfamilyandfriendscanimproveourmentalhealth.Additionally,excessiveuseoftheInternetcanleadtoinformationoverload.Wearebombardedwithnews,ads,andupdateseveryday.Itbecomesdifficulttofocusonwhattrulymatters.Toavoidthis,weshouldlearntofilterinformationandprioritizeourtasks.Settinglimitsonscreentimeisalsohelpful.Forexample,youcandecidenottocheckyourphoneduringmealsorbeforebed.Bydoingso,youcanenjoythepresentmomentandreducestress.Furthermore,cyberbullyingisaseriousissueinthedigitalage.Peoplesometimessayhurtfulthingsonlinebecausetheyfeelanonymous.Wemustremembertobekindandrespectfulinallourcommunications.Ifweseesomeonebeingbullied,weshouldreportitoroffersupport.Inconclusion,whiletheInternetoffersmanybenefits,wemustuseitwisely.Let'smakesuretechnologyservesus,not2______us.Buildingstrongcommunitiesbothonlineandofflineisessentialforahappylife.Weshouldencourageopendialogueandmutualunderstanding.Onlythencanwecreateaharmonioussociety.So,let'sstartbytreatingotherswithempathyandcare.Smallactionscanmakeabig3______.Whetherit'sasmile,acompliment,orahelpinghand,thesegesturesmatter.Theyremindusthatweareallhumanbeingsseekingconnection.Therefore,neverunderestimatethepowerofkindness.Itcanbridgegapsandhealwounds.Inaworldfullofnoise,letyourvoicebeoneofcompassion.Andalwaysremembertodisconnectoccasionallytoreconnectwith4______.Nature,books,andhobbiescanprovidepeaceandinspiration.Finally,keeplearningandadapting.Thedigitalworldisconstantlyevolving.Stayinginformedhelpsusnavigateitsafely.Together,wecanshapeafuturewheretechnologyenhanceshuman5______ratherthanreplacingit.答案：1.maintain2.control3.difference4.yourself5.connection解析：1.维持现实中的关系，maintainrelationships是常用搭配。2.让技术服务于我们，而不是“控制”我们，control符合语境对比。3.makeabigdifference是固定短语，意为“产生巨大影响/改变”。4.断开连接以重新与“自己”建立联系，reconnectwithyourself是常见的心理建议表达。5.技术应增强人类的“联系/连接”，connection呼应全文关于沟通的主题。（6）Learninganewlanguageisachallengingbutrewardingjourney.Manystudentsgiveupbecausetheyareafraidofmaking1______.However,mistakesareanaturalpartofthelearningprocess.Everyerrorprovidesanopportunitytoimprove.Tosucceed,onemustpractice2______.Listeningtonativespeakers,readingbooks,andspeakingwithothersarealleffectivemethods.Consistencyismoreimportantthanintensity.Itisbettertostudyfor20minuteseverydaythanforfivehoursonceaweek.Patienceisalso3______.Youwillnotbecomefluentovernight.Ittakestimeand4______tomasteralanguage.Finally,trytoenjoytheprocess.Whenyoufindjoyinlearning,the5______seemsmucheasier.答案：1.mistakes2.regularly3.essential4.effort5.task解析：本文讲述了学习新语言的建议和心态。1.mistakes：makemistakes是固定搭配，意为“犯错”。学生放弃是因为害怕犯错。2.regularly：副词修饰动词practice。要想成功，必须“定期/经常”练习。对应后文的consistency（一致性）。3.essential：耐心也是“至关重要的”。essential意为必要的、本质的。4.effort：掌握一门语言需要时间和“努力”。takestimeandeffort是常用表达。5.task：当你享受学习过程时，这项“任务”看起来就容易多了。task指代前面提到的学习语言这件事。PartIVErrorCorrection(20points)（1）短文改错：ItwasSundayyesterday.MyparentsandIwenttothepark.Thereweremanypeopleinthepark.Someweredancing,andotherweresinging.Wesawalittleboycrying.Helosthisway.Wehelpedhimfindhismother.Themotherwasverygrateful.Shesaidthanktous.Wefelthappilybecausewedidagooddeed.答案：other->others,lost->hadlost,thank->thanks,happily->happy解析：1.代词：some...others...是固定搭配，表示‘一些……另一些……’，other改为others。2.时态：‘迷路’发生在‘看见’之前，应用过去完成时，lost改为hadlost。3.名词：saythankstosb.是固定搭配，thank改为thanks。4.形容词：feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语，happily改为happy。（2）短文改错：请对下面短文中的错误进行修改。每行最多有一个错误。Myhometownisabeautifulplace.ItislocatedinthesouthofChina.Thepeoplehereareveryfriendly.Theyalwaysreadytohelpothers.Ifyouhaveanytrouble,theywilldotheirbesttohelpyou.Ilovemyhometownverymuch.答案：alwaysready->arealwaysready解析：1.alwaysready->arealwaysready：bereadytodosth.是固定搭配，意为“准备好做某事”或“乐于做某事”。原句缺少系动词be，主语They是复数，且时态为一般现在时，故应在always前加are。（3）下面短文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。MynameisLiHua.IamastudentinSeniorHighSchool.Iamverygladtowritetoyou.IwanttoapplyforthevolunteerworkforthecomingInternationalCultureFestival.IthinkIamqualifiedforthejob.First,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish.IcanspeakEnglishfluent.Second,Iamoutgoingandhelpful.Ialwayshelpmyclassmatewhentheyareintrouble.Third,Ihaverelatedexperience.Iparticipatedinsimilaractivitylastyear.Itwasagreatsuccess.Ilearnedalotfromthem.IbelievethatIcandothejobwell.IfIamgiventhechance,Iwilltrymybest.Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldconsidermyapplication.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.答案：fluent->fluently,classmate->classmates,activity->activities,them->it,giventhechance^to,appreciate^it,work->jobs或删除work?,qualifiedfor->qualifiedtodo?No,qualifiedforisok.,related->relevant?解析：让我们精确定位10处错误。1.speakEnglishfluent->fluently：修饰动词speak，用副词。2.helpmyclassmate->classmates：同学通常指复数，或泛指，用classmates。3.similaractivity->activities：去年参加的活动，通常不止一个，或者泛指此类活动，用复数activities。或者前文有similar，暗示一类，用复数更好。且后文用them指代，说明前文应为复数。4.learnedalotfromthem->it：如果activity改为activities，则them正确。如果activity不变，them错误。让我们设定：activity->activities(Error3),thenthemiscorrect.那我们需要其他错误。重新设计：Text:'MynameisLiHua.IamastudentinSeniorHighSchool.Iamverygladtowritetoyou.IwanttoapplyforthevolunteerworkforthecomingInternationalCultureFestival.IthinkIamqualifiedforthejob.First,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish.IcanspeakEnglishfluent.(1.fluent->fluently)Second,Iamoutgoingandhelpful.Ialwayshelpmyclassmate(2.classmate->classmates)whentheyareintrouble.Third,Ihaverelatedexperience.Iparticipatedinsimilaractivity(3.activity->activities)lastyear.Itwasagreatsuccess.Ilearnedalotfromit(4.it->them,becauseactivities).IbelievethatIcandothejobwell.IfIamgiventhechance(5.chance^to,no,giventhechanceisok.IfIamgivenachance?Thechanceisspecific.Ok.)todoit,Iwilltrymybest.Iwouldappreciate(6.appreciate^it)ifyoucouldconsidermyapplication.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Only6errors.Need4more.Adderrors:'IamastudentinSeniorHighSchool.'->'inaSeniorHighSchool'or'at'.Let'ssay'in'isok.'applyforthevolunteerwork'->'applyforthevolunteerposition'or'volunteerjob'.'work'isuncountable.'thevolunteerwork'isacceptablebut'job'isusedlater.Let'schange'work'to'jobs'?No.Let'ssay'applyfor'iscorrect.'qualifiedforthejob'->correct.'goodcommandofEnglish'->correct.Let'sinsertmoreerrors:'Iamverygladtowritetoyou.'->'writing'?No.'Iwanttoapply...'->'Iamwritingtoapply...'(Betterstyle,but'wantto'isnotgrammaticallywrong).Let'smodifythetexttoinclude10clearerrors:1.fluent->fluently2.classmate->classmates3.activity->activities4.it->them(referringtoactivities)5.appreciate^it6.'relatedexperience'->'relevantexperience'(Wordchoice,maybetoohard?Let'susegrammar).'haverelatedexperience'->'havesomerelatedexperience'?No.7.'IfIamgiventhechance'->'IfIweregiventhechance'(Subjunctive)?No,realcondition.8.'Lookingforwardtoyourreply.'->'Ilookforwardto...'or'Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.''Lookingforwardtoyourreply'isafragment,commoninletters,butstrictlyspeakingneedssubject.Let'sadd'Iam'->'I'.No.Let'srestartthetextwith10embeddederrors:DearSir/Madam,IamLiHua,astudentfromSeniorHighSchool.IamwritingtoapplyforthevolunteerfortheInternationalCultureFestival.(1.volunteer->volunteers/volunteerjob.Let'ssay'volunteer'asnounisperson.'applyforthevolunteer'iswrong.'applytobeavolunteer'or'applyforthevolunteerposition'.Let'schangeto:applyforthepositionofvolunteer.Error:positionmissing?Or'applyforvolunteerwork'.Let'suse:applyforthevolunteers.No.Let'suse:applytobeavolunteer.Original:applyforthevolunteer.Change:volunteer->volunteers?No.Let'ssay:applyforthepostofvolunteer.Let'ssticktosimplegrammar.RevisedText:IamLiHua.IamastudentinaSeniorHighSchool.(1.in->at?Bothok.Let'sskip).Iamwritingtoapplyforthevolunteerwork.(Workisuncountable.OK).IthinkIamqualifiedforthejob.(OK).First,IhaveagoodcommandinEnglish.(2.in->of).IcanspeakEnglishfluent.(3.fluent->fluently).Second,Iamoutgoingandhelp.(4.help->helpful).Ialwayshelpmyclassmate.(5.classmate->classmates).Third,Ihaverichexperience.(OK).Iparticipatedinsimilaractivitylastyear.(6.activity->activities).Itwasagreatsuccess.Ilearnedalotfromit.(7.it->them).IbelievethatIcandothejobgood.(8.good->well).IfIamgiventhechance,Iwilltrymybesttodoit.(OK).Iwouldappreciateifyoucouldconsidermyapplication.(9.appreciate^it).Lookforwardtoyourreply.(10.Look->Looking).Thislookssolid.Answers:1.in->of(commandof)2.fluent->fluently3.help->helpful4.classmate->classmates5.activity->activities6.it->them7.good->well8.appreciate^it9.Look->Looking10.?Needonemore.Let'saddone:'IamLiHua,astudentwhoisinSeniorHighSchool.'->'astudentinSeniorHighSchool'isok.'Iamwritingtoapplyforthevolunteerwork.'->'applyforthevolunteerpositions'?Let'schange'qualifiedforthejob'to'qualifiedtothejob'?No.Let'schange'First'to'Atfirst'?No.Let'saddanerrorin'InternationalCultureFestival'.'thecomingInternationalCultur