大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷120

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷120

一、词汇理解(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)

Phew,whatarelief.ItseemsthattheRoyalShakespeareCompanyandShakespeare's

Globewon'thavetochangetheirnamesanytimesoon.Thesquabblesobelovedby

academics,conspiracy(阴谋theoristsandHollywoodiclm-makers-whichonlysurfaced

inthemid-19thcenturybutcontinuesto[Cl]on-overtheauthorshipof

Shakespeare'splays,mayfinallybecalledtoahaltbyanewbook.InShakespeare

BeyondDoubt,leadingscholarsorganizetheargumentsandevidencetoprovethat

ShakespearereallydidwriteShakespeare'splays.Itputspaidto[C2]that

ShakespearewastheEarlofOxford(assuggestedbythemovieAnonymous),or

ChristopherMarloweorFrancisBacon,orevenQueenElizabethIwhenshewashaving

adayofffromrunningihecountry.Great.Thaimeansiherestofuscanjustgoonseeing

andenjoyingtheastonishingplays,whichmayhave[C3]authorship,butwhich

arcconstantlyrevealingintheirexaminationofwhatitmeanstobehuman.Exceptthatit

won't.Thearguments,betweenthosewhowanttorewrite[C4]historyand

thosewhodon't,willkeepgoing,constantlyfueledbyanykindofconspiracytheory一

themadderthebetter-andthefactthatthereisnowsomuchmoney,andsomany

academiccareers,[C5]upintheShakespeareindustry.Thereisa[C6]

inAlanBennett'splayKafka'sDickwhenoneofthecharacters,Sydney,admits

he'dmuchrather"readaboutwritersthanreadwhattheywrite".Hiswife,Lynda,is

[C7]uninterestedinthepoemsofWHAuden,butalightsonjuicytidbits(趣

M)aboutthepoetincludinghispreferencefornotwearingunderpants.Itsometimes

seemsasifthe[C8]authorshipdebatearoundShakespeare'splaysisfullof

SydneysandLyndas—peopleforwhomthelifeofthewriterisinfinitelymoreimportant

thantheworksthemselves.Theplaysarewhatcountandtheywill[C9]the

debate,nomatterwhosenameisonthetitlepage,whetherwrittenaloneorin[CIO]

,andwhethersomeonecandefinitivelyprovewhethertheauthorwaswearing

underpantsornot.Soitshouldbe,becausetheplay*sthething.A)mysteriousI)moment

BCollaborationJ)scrambleC)boundK)contestedD)candidlyL)speculationsE)similarly

M)literaryF)optimumN)compensateG)rumbleO)abbrevialionH)outlive

1、[Cll

标准答案：G

知识点解析：该句句意为：关于莎士比亚戏剧的真正作者是谁的问题，莎士比亚的

研究学者、阴谋论者和好莱坞电影制作人之间争论不休，并且乐此不疲一该争议

最初于19世纪中叶进入公众视野，持续至今——也许它将被一本新书所终止。备

选动词中的rumble可以与on搭配，意为"(争吵等)长久地持续"，故G)为答案°

2、[C2]

标准答案：L

知识点解析：由上文的leadingscholarsorganizetheargumentsandevidcncetoprove

thatShakespearereallydidwriteShakespeare'splays口J推知，该书说明了莎士比亚确

实是莎士比亚戏剧的作者，由此终结了众多猜想；此外，thal从句表示“认为莎士

比亚是牛津伯爵（正如电影《无名氏》如此暗示过）、克里斯托弗・马洛或者弗兰西

斯・培根，更有甚者，有的人认为莎士比亚是管理国家闲暇之余的伊丽莎白一世。”

这些都是推测、猜想，备

3、[C3]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：结合句意：这意味着我们可以继续观看并享受这些让人震惊的喜剧

了，尽管其作者是，但是这却并不影响它们持续揭露人性本质的内容。备选

形容词中的mysterious"神秘的"符合句意，故A）为答案。

4、[C4]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：由文章第一段和第二段的内容可知，此arguments是在认为莎士比亚

戏剧的真正作者另有其人的人和认为莎士比亚戏剧的真正作者是莎士比亚的人之间

展开的，也就是那些希望改写文学史的那些人和希望维持文学史现状的那些人之间

的争论，备选形容词中的literary“文学的”符合句意，故M）为答案。

5、[C5]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：空格前的【hereisnowsomuchmoney,andsomany

academiccareers”如此多的经济利益和学术界众多研究者的学术生涯，与空格后的the

Shakespeareindustry“莎士比亚产业”是联系在一些的，固定搭配bindupin/

whh”与……紧密相连”符合句意，故C）为答案。

6、[C6]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：本句句意为：艾伦・本尼特的喜剧《卡夫卡的迪克》里面有一个一

—。备选名词中的momenr片段”符合句意，故I）为答案。

7、[C7]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：结合上文的he'dmuchrather^readaboutwritersthanreadwhatthey

write”以及卜文的alightsonjuicytidbitsaboutthepoetincludinghispreferencefornot

wearingunderpants可推知，他向妻子和他一样对作者的趣闻轶事很感兴趣，故

E）similarly“同样地”为答案。

8、[C8]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：空格后的authorshipdebatearoundShakespeare'splays意为“关于莎士

比亚戏剧作者的争论“，备选形容词中的contested"有）争议的”可以修饰空格后的

debate,故K）为答案。

9、[C9]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：由空格前的Theplaysarewhatcount可推知，这些作品才是真正重要

的，一定会比这些争论存在的时间更长一些，备选动词中的outlive”比……活得

长，比……长寿”符合句意，故H）为答案。

10、[C10]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：与空格前的whetherwrittenalone“独立创造”相对的该是“合作创造”，

备选名词中的collaboration“合作”可以组成词组incollaboration“合作”，故B）为答

案。

二、长篇阅读（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共70分。）

GrowingMoreFoodwithLessWater[AJSixthousandyearsagofarmersinMesopotamia

dugaditchtodivertwaterfromtheEuphratesRiver.Withthatsuccessfulefforttosatisfy

theirthirstycrops,theywentontoformtheworld'sfirstirrigation-basedcivilization.

Sumerianfarmersharvestedplentifulwheatandbarleycropsforsome2,000yearsthanks

totheextrawaterbroughtinfromtheriver,butthesoileventuallysuccumbed（沦为）to

salinizalion（盐化）一thetoxicbuildupofsaltsandotherimpuritiesleftbehindwhenwater

evaporates.|B]Farmorepeopledependonirrigationinthemodernworldthandidin

ancientSumeria.About40percentoftheworld'sfoodnowgrowsinirrigatedsoils,

whichmakeup18percentofglobalcropland.Farmerswhoirrigatecantypicallyreap

twoorthreeharvestseveryyearandgethighercropyields.Asaresult,thespreadof

irrigationhasbeenakeyfactorbehindtheneartriplingofglobalgrainproductionsince

1950.Donecorrectly,irrigationwillcontinuetoplayaleadingroleinfeedingtheworld,

butashistoryshows,dependenceonirrigatedagriculturealsoentailssignificantrisks.

[C]Fortunately,agreatdealofroomexistsforimprovingtheproductivityofwaterused

inagriculture.Afirstlineofattackistoincreaseirrigationefficiency.Atpresent,most

fannersirrigatetheircropsbyHoodingtheirfieldsorchannelingthewaterdownparallel

furrows,relyingongravitytomovethewateracrosstheland.Theplantsabsorbonlya

smallfractionofthewater;therestdrainsintoriversoraquifers（地卜蓄水层）,or

evaporates.Inmanylocationsthispracticenotonlywastesandpolluteswaterbutalso

degradesthelandthrougherosion,waterlogging（水浸）andsalinization.Moreefficient

andenvironmentallysoundtechnologiesexistthatcouldreducewaterdemandonfarms

byupto50percent.[D]Dripsystemsrankhighamongirrigationtechnologieswith

significantuntappedpotential.Unlikefloodingtechniques,dripsystemsenablefarmersto

deliverwaterdirectlytotheplants'rootsdropbydrop,nearlyeliminatingwaste.The

watertravelsatlowpressurethroughanetworkofperforaied（穿孔的）plastictubing

installedonorbelowthesurfaceofthesoil,anditemergesthroughsmallholesataslow

butsteadypace.Becausetheplantsenjoyanidealmoistureenvironment,dripirrigation

usuallyofferstheaddedbonusofhighercropyields.StudiesinIndia,Israel,Jordan,

SpainandtheUShaveshowntimeandagainthatdripirrigationreduceswateruseby30

to70percentandincreasescropyieldby20to90percentcomparedwithflooding

methods.|E]Sprinklerscanperformalmostaswellascripmethodswhentheyare

designedproperly.Traditionalhigh-pressureirrigationsprinklersspraywaterhighinto

theairtocoveraslargealandareaaspossible.Theproblemisthatthemoretimethe

waterspendsintheair,themoreofitevaporatesandblowsoffcoursebeforereaching

theplants.Incontrast,newlow-energysprinklersdeliverwaterinsmalldosesthrough

nozzles(喷嘴)positionedjuslabovetheground.NumerousfarmersinTexaswhohave

installedsuchsprinklershavefoundthattheirplantsabsorb90to95percentofthewater

thatleavesthesprinklernozzle.[F]Despitetheseimpressivepayoffs,sprinklersservice

only10to15percentoftheworld'sirrigatedfields,anddripsystemsaccountforjust

over1percent.Thehighercostsofthesetechnologies(comparedtosimpleflooding

mcthods)havcbeenabarriertotheirspread,butsohastheprevalenceofnationalwater

policiesthatdiscourageratherthanfosterefficientwateruse.Manygovernmentshaveset

verylowpricesforpubliclysuppliedirrigation,leavingfarmerswithlittlemotivationto

investinwaystoconservewaterortoimproveefficiency.Mostauthoritieshavealso

failedtoregulategroundwaterpumping,eveninregionswhereaquifersareover-tapped.

Farmersmightbeinclinedtoconservetheirownwatersuppliesiftheycouldprofitfrom

sellingthesurplus,butanumberofcountriesprohibitordiscouragethispractice.

[G]Effortsasidefromirrigationtechnologiescanalsohelpreduceagriculturaldemand

forwater.Muchpotentialliesinschedulingthetimingofirrigationtomoreprecisely

matchplants'waterneeds.Measurementsofclimatefactorssuchastemperatureand

rainfallcanbefedintoacomputerthatcalculateshowmuchwateratypicalplantis

consuming.Farmerscanusethisfiguretodetermine,quiteaccurately,whenandhovz

muchtoirrigatetheirparticularcropsthroughoutthegrowingseason.A1995survey

conductedbytheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleyfoundthat,onaverage,farmersin

Californiawhousedthistoolreducedwateruseby13percentandachievedan8percent

increaseinyield—abiggaininwaterproductivity.[HJDcvelopingnewcropvarieties

offerspotentialaswell.Inthequestforhigheryields,scientistshavealreadyexploited

manyofthemostfruitfulfarmingoptionslorgrowingmorefoodwiththesameamount

ofwater.Thehybridwheatandricevarietiesthatspawnedthegreenrevolution,for

example,werebredtoallocatemoreoftheplants1energy-andthustheirwateruptake一

intoediblegrain.Thewidespreadadoptionofhigh-yieldingandearly-maturingrice

varietieshasledtoaroughlythreefoldincreaseintheamountofriceharvestedperunitof

waterconsumed—atremendousachievement.Nostrategyinsight—neitherconventional

breedingtechniquesnorgeneticengineering-couldrepeatthosegainsonsuchagrand

scale,butmodestimprovementsarelikely.|I|Yetanotherwaytodomorewithlesswater

istoreconfigureourdiets.ThetypicalNorthAmericandiet,withitslargeshareofanimal

products,requirestwiceasmuchwatertoproduceasthelessmeat-intensivediets

commoninmanyAsianandsomeEuropeancountries.Eatingloweronthefoodchain

couldallowthesamevolumeofwatertofeedtwoAmericansinsteadofone,withnoloss

inoverallnutrition.[J]Rcducingthewaterdemandsofmainstreamagricultureiscritical,

butirrigationwillneverreachitspotentialtoalleviateruralhungerandpovertywithout

additionalefforts.Amongtheworld'sapproximately800millionundernourishedpeople

aremillionsofpoorfarmfamilieswhocouldbenefitdramaticallyfromaccessto

irrigationwaterortotechnologiesthatenablethemtouselocalwatermoreproductively.

MostofthesepeopleliveinAsiaandAfrica,wherelongdryseasonsmakecrop

productiondifficultorimpossiblewithoutirrigation.Forthem,conventionalirrigation

technologiesaretooexpensivefortheirsmallplots,whichtypicallyencompassfewer

thanfiveacres.Eventheleastexpensivemotorizedpumpsthataremadefortapping

groundwatercostabout$350,faroutofreachforfannersearningbarelythatmuchina

year.Whereaffordableirrigationtechnologieshavebeenmadeavailable,however,they

haveprovedremarkablysuccessful.|K|Costinglessthan$35,theireadle（踩踏板）pump

hasincreasedtheaveragenetincomeforthesefarmers—whichisoftenaslittleasa

dollaraday—by$100ayear.Todate,Bangladeshifarmershavepurchasedsome1.2

milliontreadlepumps,raisingtheproductivityofmorethan600,000acresoffarmland.

Manufacturedandmarketedlocally,thepumpsareinjectingatleastanadditional$350

millionayearintotheBangladeshieconomy.［L］Bringingtheselow-costirrigation

technologiesintomorewidespreaduserequiresthecreationoflocal,private-sector

supplychains—includingmanufacturers,retailersandinstallers—aswellasspecial

innovationsinmarketing.ThetreadlepumphassucceededinBangladeshinpartbecause

localbusinessesmanufacturedandsoldtheproductandmarketingspecialistsreachedout

topoorfarmerswithcreativetechniques,includinganopen-airmovieandvillage

demonstrations.Thechallengeisgreat,butsoisthepo:entialpayoff.PaulPolak,a

pioneerin（hefieldoflow-cosiirrigationandPresidentofInternationalDevelopment

EnterprisesinLakewood,Colo.,believesarealisticgoalforthenext15yearsisto

reducethehungerandpovertyof150millionoftheworld'spoorestruralpeoplethrough

thespreadofaffordablesmall-farmirrigationtechniques.Suchanaccomplishmentwould

boostnetincomeamongtheruralpoorbyanestimated$3billionayear.

11、Thenewlowenergysprinklersarcpositionedjustabovetheground,sotheycan

helpplantsabsorbmorewater.

标准答案：E

知识点解析：暂无解析

12^Raisingthegrainproductionistheleadingroleofirrigationinbothpastandpresent.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：［B］段主要介绍了1950年以来，灌溉方法的推广是使世界粮食产量提

高近三倍的关键因素，若使用得当，灌溉耕作今后仍然是世界提供粮食的主要方

法。题干中的bothinthepastandatpresent对应原文中的since1950,故选［B］。

13、Byincreasingirrigationefficiency,wecanreducewateruseonfarms.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：［C］段主要介绍了更有效、更环保的技术可以减少50%的农业用水

量。题干中的use对应原文中的demand,故选［C］。

14、Accordingtocomputerizedclimateinformation,farmersdecidewhenandhow

muchtoirrigatetheircrops.

标准答案：G

知识点解析：|G］段提到农民将气温及降雨信息输入计算机来确定灌溉的时间和用

水量。题干中的information对应原文中的figure；decide对应原文中的detemiine,

故选［G］。

15、Studieshaveshownthatdripirrigationreduceswaterdemandby30%to70%.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：［D］段主要介绍了在印度、以色列、约旦、西班牙和美国开展的研究

多次证明，滴灌技术可以减少的用水量达30%至70%。题干中的demand对应原

文中的use,故选［D］。

16、Ifwecatloweronthefoodchain,wcwillstillgetalltheneedednutrition,yet

reducingdemandforwaterby50%.

标准答案：I

知识点解析：暂无解析

17NThedripsystemsandthesprinklersarenotwidelyappliedpartlybecauseofhigher

costsandnationalwaterpolicies.

标准答案：F

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、Thelow-costirrigationtechnologiescouldrelievehungerandpovertyaswellas

increasenetincomeamongruralpoor.

标准答案：L,

知识点解析：暂无解析

19^Theplantingofhigh-yieldingandearly-maturingricevarietiesisanexcellent

exampleofgettingmoreibodwithlesswater.

标准答案：H

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、Becauseoftheexpensivetraditionalmethodsfortheirsmallplots,the

undernourishedpeopleinAsiaandAfricaneedwater-savingirrigationtechnologies.

标准答案：J

知识点解析：［J］段主要介绍了在亚洲和非洲的干旱季节，没有灌溉设施会使粮食

产量处于困境之中。对那里的人们来说，一般的灌溉设施对小块土地又太昂贵，所

以他们更需要廉价的节水技术。题干中的traditionalmethods对应原文中的

conventionalirrigationtechnologies,故选［J］。

三、仔细阅读（本题共I。题，每题1.〃分，共分。）

Robabankandyouriskalongstretchinjail.Runabankwhosedubiousbehaviorleads

toglobaleconomiccollapseandyourisknothingofthesort,morelikelyahandsome

pay-off.Illegalanddangerousmistakesassociatedwiththefinancialindustryhave

causedseriousharmtoU.S.andworldeconomies.Thescandalskeepcoming——rate

rigging,moneylaundering,mis-sellingandsanctionsbusting.Thebacklash（反冲，反

撞）againsttheindustryshowsnosignofeasing.Sogiventhescaleofdamageandpublic

anger,fuelledbytheindustry'sbonusculture,itiscuriousthatthoseresponsiblehave

largelyavoidedpunishmentinthetraditionaljudicialsense,despitethedemandforit.

Thatwesowantthoseinvolvedtogettheirjustdesertshasitsrootsinancienthuman

formsofsocialcontrol,whichledtoourmodernsenseofmorality.Intheirfundamental,

hunter-gathererforms,crimeandpunishmentsurelygobackfortensofmillennia（千年）.

Thecasehasbeenmadethatby45,000yearsago,orpossiblyearlier,peoplewere

practicingmoralistic（说教的）socialcontrolmuchaswedo.Withoutexception,

investigatorsthatstillexisttodayandbestreflectthisancientwayoflifeexertaggressive

watchovertheirpeersforthegoodofthegroup.Economicvillainsaremainlybullies

whousethreatsorforcetobenefitthemselves,alongwiththievesandcheats.Allare

free-riderswhotakewithoutgiving,andallarepunishedbythegroup.Thiscanrange

frommerecriticismorostracism（贝壳流放）toactiveshaming,ejectionorevencapital

punishment.Thismoralbehaviorwasreinforcedoverthemillenniathatsuch

egalilarian（平等主义者）bandsdominatedhumanlife.Thenaround12,000yearsago,

larger,still-egalitariansedentary（定居的）tribesarrivedwithgreaterneedsfor

centralizedcontrol.Eventuallyclustersoftribesformedauthoritativechiefdoms.Next

cameearlycivilizations,withcentrallyprescribedandpowerfullyenforcedmoralorders.

Onethingtiedtheseandmodern,state-basedmoralsystemstowhatcamebeforeandthat

wasthehumancapacityfbrmoralindignation.Itremainsstrongtoday.Sothereisan

inevitablediscontentmentwhenbankersseemto"getawaywithit",offendingthis

instinctivemoralcorrectivesense.Andultimately,suchpublicopinionshouldstrongly

influencehowwepolicefiscaldeviants—buttherearecomplicatingfactorsthatsuggest

thisinstinctisbeingunderminedwhenitcomestotamingthemostharmfulbehaviorin

thebankingworld.

21、Whaldoestheauthorsayaboutapersonwhorunsabank?

A、He/Sheisusuallyrewarded.

B、Hc/Shcusuallyendsupinaprison.

C、He/Sheissometimesinvolvedinscandals.

D、He/Sheislesslikelytobepunishedforhismistakes.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由题干关键词runsabank可以定位到第一段第二句。由定位句可

知，“管理一家银行，即使这家银行的冒险行为导致全球经济崩溃，你却不必因此

而承担风险，相反你很有可能会得到一份丰厚的薪水”，因此，D）“他不太可能因其

错误而受到惩罚”与原文意思相符，故为正确答案。

22、Accordingtothepassage,whyarethepublicangrywiththefinancialindustry?

A>Becausepeopleinithavemadetoomanymistakes.

B、BecauseithascausedseriousharmtotheUSandworldeconomies.

C^Becausethosemakingseriousmistakesinitarenotpunishedbutrewarded.

D、Becausetoomanyscandalsinitareknowntothepublic.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由题干关键词public和angrywilh可以定位到第三段。由定位段可

知，“虽然其行为造成的损害规模巨大，该产业的分红文化更使得公众的愤怒火上

浇汕，但奇怪的是，那些责任人却常常能够避开传统司法意义上的惩罚”，因此

C)”因为金融业那些犯过严重错误的人们并没有受到惩罚，相反却得到了奖励。”与

原文的意思相符，故为答案。

23、Whobenefitthemostfromthemeresupervisionprovidedbyinvestigators?

A、Thegroupofpeopleasawhole.

Thosewhoareundersupervision.

C、Ihoscwhoconductthesupervision.

D、Thebadguysinthesocialgroup.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：由题干关键词meresupervision和investigators定位到第六段第一句。

由定位句可知，“巡查小组……为了维护群体的利益而向他们的同伴实施强有力的

监视"，因此A)“整个群体”最符合题意。

24、"Getawaywithit"inParagraph9mostprobablymeans.

A、torunawaywithmoney

B、toescapepunishmentfortheirmistakes

C、tobeindifferenttothepublic'sprotest

D、tobeunabletodealv/iththeirmistakes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由题干提示直接定位到第九段。由该段可知，“因此，当银行家们好

像不会因为其过错而受到任何惩罚时，必然会引起公众对此的声讨再结合文章

首段的内容：抢劫银行，你将面临长期的牢狱之灾，而管理一家银行，即使这家银

行的冒险行为导致全球经济崩溃，你却不必因此而承担风险……因此推测这里的

getawaywithit表示“逃脱惩罚”的意思。因此B)“不因其过错而受到惩罚”最符合文

意.故为答案c

25、Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheeffectivenessoftheinstinctofmoralstandard

is.

A、positive

B、indifferent

C、disappointed

D、objective

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由题干关键词instinct和moralstandard定位到最后一段。该段最后一

句谈到，“但是一些复杂的因素表明，在驯服金融界那些最具破坏力的行为的过程

中，这种本能正在受到破坏。”因此作者对本能的道德标准的态度既肯定其有用的

方面，又指出其潜在的风险，因此作者的态度比较客观，故D)为答案。

Overthepastdecade,Americancompanieshavetriedhardtofindwaystodiscourage

seniormanagersfromfeatheringtheirownnestsattheexpenseoftheirshareholders.The

threemostpopularreformshavebeenrecruitingmoreoutsidedirectorsinordertomake

boardsmoreindependent,linkingbosses'paytovariousperformancemeasure,and

givingbossesshareoptionssothattheyhavethesamelong-terminterestsastheir

shareholders.ThesereformshavebeenwidelyadoptedbyAmerica'slargercompanies,

andsurveyssuggestthatinanymorecompaniesarethinkingoffollowingtheirlead.But

havetheydoneanygood?ThreepaperspresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAcademy

ofManagementinBostonthisweeksuggestnot.Asisusuallythecasewithboardroom

tinkering,theconsequenceshavedifferedfromthoseintended.Startwiththose

independentboards.Onthefaceofitdismissingtheboss'sfriendsfromtheboardand

replacingthemwithoutsiderslooksaperfectwaytomakeseniormanagersmore

accountable.ButthatisnottheconclusionofastudybyProfessorJamesWestphal.

Instead,hefoundthatbosseswithaboardroomfullofoutsidersspendmuchoftheirtime

buildingalliances,doingpersonalfavorsandgenerallypleasingtheoutsiders.Alltoo

often,theseseductionssucceed.Mr.Westphalfoundthat,toaremarkabledegree,"

independent"boardspursuestrategicsthatarclikelytofavorseniormanagersratherthan

shareholders.Suchcompaniesdiversifytheirbusiness,increasethepayofexecutivesand

weakenthelinkbetweenpayandperformance.Toassesstheimpactofperformance

relatedpay,Mr.Westphalaskedthebossesof103companieswithsalesofover$1

billionwhatmeasurementswereusedtodeterminetheirpay.Themeasurementsvaried

widely,rangingfromsalestoearningspershare.Buttheresearcher'sbigdiscoveryv/as

thatbossesattendtomeasuresthataffecttheirown