2026年重庆市部编版高中英语第11单元语法专项练习题

2026年重庆市部编版高中英语第11单元语法专项练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.The11thunitofthe2026ChongqingeditionoftheMinistry-composedhighschoolEnglishtextbookfocusesonthegrammaticalstructureofinfiniteverbs.Whichofthefollowingsentencescorrectlyusestheinfinitiveasthesubject?A.TolearnEnglishwellisimportantforeverystudent.B.TolearnEnglishwellcanhelpyouimproveyourskills.C.LearningEnglishwelliswhathewantstodo.D.LearningEnglishwellwillmakehimsuccessful.Answer:AExplanation:Theinfinitive"TolearnEnglishwell"functionsasthesubjectofthesentence,makingoptionAcorrect.InoptionB,theinfinitiveistheobjectoftheverb"help";inoptionC,"whathewantstodo"isanounclause;inoptionD,"LearningEnglishwell"istheobjectoftheverb"make."Thesestructuresdonotmeetthecriteriafortheinfinitiveasthesubject.2.Inthe11thunit,studentsarerequiredtomasterthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttense.Whichsentencecorrectlyexpressesalifeexperienceusingthepresentperfecttense?A.IhavevisitedtheGreatWallthreetimeslastyear.B.ShewenttoLondonlastmonthandshelikesit.C.Hehasfinishedhishomeworkfortwohours.D.Theyhavelivedinthiscitysincetheywerechildren.Answer:DExplanation:Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatbeganinthepastandcontinuetothepresentorhaverelevancetothepresent.OptionD"Theyhavelivedinthiscitysincetheywerechildren"meetsthiscriterion.OptionAincorrectlyuses"lastyear"withthepresentperfect;optionBusesthesimplepastforacompletedaction;optionCdescribesanongoingactionbutincorrectlyuses"fortwohours"withthepresentperfect.3.The11thunitemphasizestheuseofmodalverbstoexpresspossibilityandcertainty.Whichsentencecorrectlyuses"must"toindicatelogicaldeduction?A.Hemustbeathomenow;hisphoneisringing.B.Shecan’tfinishtheworktoday;it’stoodifficult.C.Theymaymissthetrainiftheydon’tleavesoon.D.Youshouldstudyhardertopasstheexam.Answer:AExplanation:"Must"isusedtoexpressstrongcertaintyorlogicaldeduction.OptionA"Hemustbeathomenow;hisphoneisringing"correctlyuses"must"toinferhislocation.OptionBuses"can’t"toexpressinability;optionCuses"may"toindicatepossibility;optionDuses"should"togiveadvice.4.The11thunitintroducesthestructureofconditionalsentencestype2.Whichsentencecorrectlydescribesahypotheticalsituationinthepresentorfuture?A.IfIhadmoremoney,Iwouldbuyacarnow.B.Ifsheweremorecareful,shewouldn’thavemadethismistake.C.Iftheyhadstudiedharder,theywouldpasstheexamlastyear.D.Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldstayathome.Answer:BExplanation:Type2conditionalsentencesdescribeunrealpresentorfuturesituations.OptionB"Ifsheweremorecareful,shewouldn’thavemadethismistake"correctlyusesthepastsubjunctive("were")topresentahypotheticalcondition.OptionAusestype1(realisticpresent);optionCusestype3(hypotheticalpast);optionDisatype1conditional.5.The11thunitfocusesontheuseofpassivevoiceinformalwriting.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepassivevoicetoemphasizetheactionratherthantheactor?A.Theteachergaveusadifficulthomeworkassignment.B.Ourschoolwasvisitedbymanytouristslastweekend.C.Theywillberewardedfortheirexcellentperformance.D.Anewlibraryisbeingbuiltinourneighborhood.Answer:DExplanation:Thepassivevoiceisusedtohighlighttheactionorobjectratherthanthesubject.OptionD"Anewlibraryisbeingbuiltinourneighborhood"correctlyusesthepassivevoicewiththepresentcontinuouspassive.OptionAusestheactivevoice;optionBisalsopassivebutlessnatural;optionCusesthefuturepassive,butthefocusisontherewardratherthantheaction.6.Inthe11thunit,studentslearntouserelativeclausestoconnectideas.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesadefiningrelativeclausewiththerelativepronoun"who"?A.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.B.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.C.Theteacherwhoseclassyouattendedlastweekisverystrict.D.Themanthatlivesnextdoorisadoctor.Answer:AExplanation:Adefiningrelativeclauseprovidesessentialinformationaboutthenounitmodifies.OptionA"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister"correctlyuses"who"todefinethegirl.OptionBuses"which"incorrectly(shouldbe"that"forinanimateobjects);optionCuses"whose"forpossession;optionDuses"that"foranon-definingclause.7.The11thunitincludesthegrammartopicofreportedspeech.Whichsentencecorrectlytransformsthefollowingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech?"Shesaid,'Iwillgotothelibrarytomorrow.'"A.Shesaidthatshewouldgotothelibrarythenextday.B.Shesaidthatshegoestothelibrarytomorrow.C.Shesaidthatshewouldgotothelibrarytomorrowevening.D.Shesaidthatshehasgonetothelibrary.Answer:AExplanation:Inreportedspeech,thereportingverbtensechanges,andthereportedclauseoftenusesthepasttense.OptionA"Shesaidthatshewouldgotothelibrarythenextday"correctlytransformsthedirectspeech.OptionBkeepsthepresenttense;optionCaddsanincorrecttimedetail;optionDusesthepresentperfect,whichisincorrect.8.The11thunitteachestheuseofadverbialclausestoexpresstime,reason,andcondition.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesanadverbialclauseoftimewith"when"?A.WhenIfinishmyhomework,IwillwatchTV.B.Shestudieshardbecauseshewantstopasstheexam.C.Ifyoustudyharder,youwillimproveyourgrades.D.Althoughitisraining,wewillgoforawalk.Answer:AExplanation:Adverbialclausesoftimeindicatewhenanactionoccurs.OptionA"WhenIfinishmyhomework,IwillwatchTV"correctlyuses"when"toexpresstime.OptionBusesareasonclause("because");optionCusesaconditionclause("if");optionDusesacontrastclause("although").9.The11thunitintroducestheuseofgerundsassubjectsorobjects.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesagerundasthesubjectofthesentence?A.Swimmingismyfavoritehobby.B.Sheenjoysreadingbookseveryevening.C.Playingthepianomakeshimhappy.D.Heisinterestedincollectingstamps.Answer:AExplanation:Gerunds(verb+-ing)canfunctionassubjects.OptionA"Swimmingismyfavoritehobby"correctlyuses"swimming"asthesubject.OptionBusesagerundastheobjectof"enjoys";optionCusesaninfinitive("makeshimhappy");optionDusesaprepositionalphrase("interestedin").10.The11thunitcoverstheuseofarticlesinEnglish.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthezeroarticlewith"theInternet"?A.Iusetheinterneteverydayforwork.B.Shewenttotheinternettosearchforinformation.C.Heisaddictedtotheinternet.D.Theyspendalotoftimeontheinternet.Answer:DExplanation:"Theinternet"isapropernounandusuallytakesnoarticleinmodernusage.OptionD"Theyspendalotoftimeontheinternet"correctlyomitsthearticle.OptionAandCuse"theinternet"incorrectly;optionBuses"theinternet"asageneralconcept,whichislesscommon.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthe11thunit,studentslearntousethepresentperfecttensetodescribeactionsthat_______inthepastandcontinuetothepresent.Answer:startedExplanation:Thepresentperfecttenseisusedforactionswithrelevancetothepresent,suchas"started"intheblank.2.Themodalverb"might"isusedtoexpress_______inthepastorpresent.Answer:possibilityExplanation:"Might"indicatesalowerdegreeofcertaintythan"may,"oftenusedforpastorpresentpossibilities.3.Inconditionalsentencestype1,thepresenttenseinthe"if"clauseindicatesa_______situation.Answer:realExplanation:Type1conditionalsdescriberealorlikelyfuturesituations,suchas"ifitrainstomorrow."4.Thepassivevoiceisformedwiththeverb"tobe"+_______formofthemainverb.Answer:pastparticipleExplanation:Thepassivevoiceusesthepastparticiple(e.g.,"isbuilt").5.Adefiningrelativeclauseprovides_______informationaboutthenounitmodifies.Answer:essentialExplanation:Definingclausesarenecessarytoidentifythenoun,suchas"whoiswearingareddress."6.Inreportedspeech,thereportingverboftenchangesfrompresentto_______tense.Answer:pastExplanation:Forexample,"said"(present)becomes"saidthatshewouldgo"(past).7.Anadverbialclauseofreasonuses"because"or"since"toexplainthe_______foranaction.Answer:causeExplanation:"Shestudieshardbecauseshewantstopass"showsthereason.8.Gerundscanfunctionas_______inasentence.Answer:subjectsExplanation:"Swimmingisfun"uses"swimming"asthesubject.9.Thearticle"the"isusedwith_______nounsthatrefertospecificthings.Answer:countableExplanation:"Thebook"referstoaspecificbook,while"abook"isgeneral.10.Thezeroarticleisusedwith_______nounsthatareconsideredgeneral.Answer:uncountableExplanation:"Idrinkcoffee"usesnoarticlefor"coffee."三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedtodescribecompletedactionsinthepast.(×)Explanation:Thepresentperfectemphasizesrelevancetothepresent,notjustcompletioninthepast.2."Must"and"haveto"areinterchangeableinallcontexts.(×)Explanation:"Must"expressesstrongobligation,while"haveto"isexternal.3.Intype2conditionals,thepastsubjunctive("were")isalwaysused.(×)Explanation:"Was"isusedforsingularsubjects(e.g.,"IfIwererich").4.Thepassivevoiceisalwaysmoreformalthantheactivevoice.(×)Explanation:Whileoftenusedinformalwriting,itdependsoncontext.5.Anon-definingrelativeclauseisoptionalandisusuallyseparatedbycommas.(√)Explanation:Example:"Mysister,wholivesinLondon,isadoctor."6.Inreportedspeech,"will"changesto"would"inthereportedclause.(√)Explanation:"Hesaidhewouldgo"(reported).7.Adverbialclausesoftimealwaysbeginwith"when."(×)Explanation:Otherexamples:"after,""before,""assoonas."8.Gerundscanneverbetheobjectofapreposition.(×)Explanation:"Iaminterestedinswimming."9.Alluncountablenounsrequirethearticle"the."(×)Explanation:"Idrinkwater"usesnoarticle.10.Thezeroarticleisneverusedwithpropernouns.(×)Explanation:"IliveontheMoon"(propernounbutwith"the").四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttense.Answer:Thepresentperfect("have/has+pastparticiple")isusedforactionswithpresentrelevanceorcompletionatanunspecifiedtime.Thesimplepast("verb+ed")describescompletedactionsinthepastwithnoconnectiontothepresent.Example:"Ihavefinished"(presentrelevance)vs."Ifinished"(completedaction).2.Howdoesthemodalverb"must"differfrom"haveto"?Answer:"Must"expressesstrongpersonalorlogicalnecessity(e.g.,"Youmustleave")."Haveto"indicatesexternalobligation(e.g.,"Ihavetowork")."Must"ismoresubjective.3.Whatisadefiningrelativeclause,andhowdoesitdifferfromanon-definingone?Answer:Adefiningclauseidentifiesthenoun(e.g.,"Thegirlwhoissinging"=specificgirl).Anon-definingclauseprovidesextrainformation(e.g.,"Mysister,wholivesinLondon,isadoctor"=anysister).Non-definingclausesusecommas.4.Whyisthepassivevoiceusedinformalwriting?Answer:Thepassivevoiceemphasizestheactionorobjectratherthantheactor,whichisusefulinformalcontextswheretheactorisunknownorunimportant(e.g.,"Theexperimentwasconducted").5.Howdoesreportedspeechchangethemeaningofdirectspeech?Answer:Reportedspeechoftenusespasttenseforms(e.g.,"said"insteadof"said"),andthepronounsortensemayshift(e.g.,"he"insteadof"she").Italsoremovesquotationmarks.6.Whatisanadverbialclauseofcondition,andhowisitformed?Answer:Aconditionclausedescribesahypotheticalsituation(e.g.,"Ifitrains,wewillcancel").Ituses"if"or"unless"andoftenhasapasttenseinthe"if"clause(type2)orpresenttense(type1).7.Cangerundsbeusedasbothsubjectsandobjects?Giveexamples.Answer:Yes.Assubjects:"Readingisenjoyable."Asobjects:"Sheenjoysreading."8.Whenisthezeroarticleusedwithuncountablenouns?Answer:Whenthenounisgeneral(e.g.,"Idrinkcoffee")orpartofapropernoun(e.g.,"theInternet").五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Transformthefollowingdirectspeechintoreportedspeech:"Hesaid,'IamtiredandIneedtosleep.'"Answer:Hesaidthathewastiredandthatheneededtosleep.Explanation:Change"am"to"was"and"need"to"needed."2.Correcttheerrorsinthesentence:"Ifshewillstudyharder,shewillpasstheexam."Answer:Ifshestudiesharder,shewillpasstheexam.Explanation:Remove"will"inthe"if"clausefortype1conditional.3.Rewritethesentenceusingthepassivevoice:"Theteacherexplainedthegrammarruletous."Answer:Thegrammarrulewasexplainedtousbytheteacher.Explanation:Subject+"was/were"+pastparticiple+by+actor.4.Completethesentencewiththecorrectformofthegerund:"Swimming_______goodexerciseforyourhealth."Answer:isExplanation:Gerundassubject+verb:"Swimmingisgoodexercise."5.Use"must"or"haveto"tocompletethesentence:"You_______finishyourhomeworkbeforeyougoout."Answer:mustExplanation:"Must"expressesstrongpersonalobligation.6.Combinethefollowingtwosentencesusingarelativeclause:"Sheisastudent.ShelivesinBeijing."Answer:SheisastudentwholivesinBeijing.Explanation:Definingrelativeclause:"who"refersto"astudent."7.Transformthesentenceintoreportedspeech:"Theysaid,'Wewillgototheparty.'"Answer:Theysaidthattheywouldgototheparty.Explanation:Change"will"to"would"andremovequotationmarks.8.Correctthearticleerror:"Iboughtanewcaryesterday."→"Ibought_______newcaryesterday."Answer:aExplanation:"Car"isacountablenounandrequires"a."【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.A2.D3.A4.B5.D6.A7.A8.A9.A10.D二、填空题1.started2.possibility3.real4.pastparticiple5.essential6.past7.cause8.subjects9.countable10.uncountable三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.×5.√6.√7.×8.×9.×10.×四、简答题1.Thepresentperfectemphas