雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Energy Economics（北京理工大学）》单元测试考核答案

EnergyEconomics第1题2.Energyeconomicsisabranchofeconomics.()第2题1.Energyinvolvesbothdevelopmentissuesandeconomicissues.()第3题Energyeconomicsiscloselyrelatedto()disciplines.AMacroeconomicsandmicroeconomicsBOperationsResearchCInternationalPoliticsDSystemsScienceandSystemEngineering第4题Theenergyeconomicsystemincludes().AEnergyproductionBEnergyExchangeCEnergydistributionDEnergyconsumption第5题Theoriginsofenergyeconomicscanbetracedbackto().ATheissueofcoalBResourceeconomicsCThedepletablenatureofnaturalresourcesDTheoilcrisis第6题()isamajorstrategicissueaffectingtheoveralldevelopmentofhumansocietyandtheglobalpoliticalandeconomiclandscapeoftheworld.ATechnologyBEnergyCCultureDTrade第1题2.Theenergybalancetableisastocktable()第2题3.Thelevelofelectrificationcanreflectthelevelofindustrialcivilizationofacountryorregion()第3题1.Theconversioncoefficientofcrudeoiltostandardenergy(inunits:tonsofstandardcoalperton)isgreaterthanthatofcoalbecausethepriceofcrudeoilishigher()第4题Thelimitationsofusingtheelasticitycoefficientmethodforenergydemandforecastingare().ALackoftheoreticalbasisBDifficultyinaccuratelydeterminingthedirectionandspeedofchangesinthecoefficientCInapplicabilitywhentheeconomicgrowthrateisclosetozeroDNoneoftheaboveiscorrect第5题Whichofthefollowingactionsfallunderterminalenergyconsumption()?AAthermalpowerplantconsumingcoalBAnoilrefineryconsumingcrudeoilCTheoperationoftheelevatorconsumingelectricityDHouseholdcookingconsumingnaturalgas第6题Whichofthefollowingareprimaryenergysources()?ACoalBCrudeoilCThermalpowergenerationDTidalenergy第7题Ourcountryhasproposedthattheproportionofnon-fossilenergyshouldreachapproximately()by2030.A20%B25%C30%D35%第8题Forcountrieswheretheproportionofhydropowerintotalelectricitygenerationisrelativelyhigh,whencalculatingthetotalenergyvolume,thevalueobtainedusingtheequivalentcalorificvaluemethodshouldbe()thevalueobtainedusingtheequivalentheatmethod.AGreaterthanBLessthanCEqualtoDNotsure第9题Inthemanufacturingindustry,capitalandenergyare().AComplementaryBAlternativeCEithercomplementaryorsubstitutiveDNeithercomplementarynorsubstitutive第10题Ourcountryhasanactual()installedpowergenerationcapacity.AThegreatestBThesecondlargestCThethirdlargestDTheFourthlargest第11题Generallyspeaking,thelong-termsupplyelasticityofenergyis()theshort-termsupplyelasticity.AGreaterthanBLessthanCEqualtoDNotsure第12题Whichofthefollowingisaprimaryenergysource()?AGasolineBDieselCCrudeoilDLubricatingoilChapter3Exercises第1题Energypovertyreferstosituationswherehouseholdsspendanunsustainableportionofincomeonbasicenergyneeds.()第2题Monopolisticenergymarketstendtohavepricessetbysupply-demandequilibriumratherthanstrategicoutputmanipulation.()第3题Hotelling'sRulesuggeststhatoilpricesshouldriseattherateofinteresttojustifydelayingextraction.()第4题Whichpoliciescangovernmentsusetoinfluenceenergyprices?()ACarbontaxesBRenewableenergysubsidiesCProductionquotasforprivatecompaniesDMandatoryenergyconsumptionlimits第5题Whatarethemaindriversofenergypricevolatility?()ASupply-demandshocksBFinancialspeculationCStablelong-termcontractsDPolicyinterventions第6题Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofenergyprices?()ADirectproductioncostsBExternalities(e.g.,pollutioncosts)CGovernmentsubsidiesandtaxesDConsumerbrandpreferences第7题WhatisthePRIMARYpurposeofincorporatingexternalitiesintoenergypricing?()ATomaximizecorporateprofitsforenergyfirmsBToalignprivatecostswithsocial/environmentalcostsCTosimplifypricecalculationmethodsDToreducegovernmentregulatoryoversight第8题Whichorganizationisknownforcoordinatingoilproductionquotastoinfluenceglobalprices?()AInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)BWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)COrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries(OPEC)DUnitedNationsEnergyCouncil第9题Whatisthe"greenpremium"insustainableenergypricing?()ATheextraprofitmarginforfossilfuelproducersBThecostdifferencebetweencleanenergyandconventionalfuelsCAsubsidyforcoalpowerplantsDAtaxonrenewableenergy第10题Inacompetitiveenergymarket,pricesaredeterminedby:()AGovernmentmandatesBSupply-demandequilibriumCMonopolisticprice-settingDOPECproductionquotas第11题WhichfactorisMOSTlikelytocausestructuralchangesinlong-termenergypricing?()AShort-termspeculativetradingBTechnologicalbreakthroughsinrenewableenergyCMinorseasonaldemandfluctuationsDTemporarysupplychaindisruptions第12题WhatistheprimaryfocusofHotelling'sRuleinenergyeconomics?()APredictingrenewableenergyadoptionratesBDeterminingtheoptimalextractionpathfornon-renewableresourcesCCalculatingthecostofenergytransportationDMeasuringtheimpactofenergysubsidiesChapter4Exercises第1题Inthecarbonfinancelegalrelationship,thebuyerhastherighttodeterminetheselleraccordingtotheirownwillandtherighttorequestthetransferofcarbonemissionquotas,butdoesnothavetheexclusiverighttousethecarbonemissionquotas.()第2题Inthecarbonfinancelegalrelationship,thesellerneedstofulfillobligationssuchashandlingchangeregistrationandnotusingthecorrespondingcarbonemissionindicatorsduringthetransferperiod.()第3题Cross-bordercooperationinthecarbonfinancialmarketismorecommonthanintraditionalfinancialmarkets.()第4题Whatistheconnotationofacarbonfund()?ANarrowCarbonFundBHedgingCarbonFundCBroadCarbonFundDPublicCarbonFund第5题Howcancarbonfundsbeclassifiedbasedontheirsourcesoffunds()?APublicfundBPublic-privatehybridfundCPrivatefundDCarbonhedgefund第6题Thefollowingelementsareincludedinacarbonforwardcontract():AExpirationtimeBDeliverypriceCDeliverymethodDQuotationunit第7题Whichformofcarbon-financialtradingiscurrentlyavailableinChina’scarbonmarket?()ASpottradingofcarbonallowancesBCarbonfuturesCCarboninsuranceDCarbonoptions第8题AccordingtoChina'sdual-carbongoals,bywhichyearisitexpectedtoachievepeakcarbonemissions()?A2025B2030C2035D2040第9题Whichofthefollowingisnotalandmarkeventintheglobalresponsetoclimatechange()?ASigningtheUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChangeBSigningtheKyotoProtocolCSigningtheParisAgreementDTheUnitedStatessubmittingaclimatebill第10题WhenquantifyingsystemicriskusingtheGARCHmodel,whichvariableinthemodelrepresentssystemicrisk()?AConditionalvarianceBRandomdisturbancetermCSquareoftherandomdisturbancetermDSquareoftheconditionalvariance第11题Themainpurposeofcarbonfuturestradingis().AToavoidrisksBTostabilizepricesCTomakespeculativeprofitsDToactivatethemarket第12题Intheprocessofcustomizingcarbonforwardcontracts,thequotationadjustmentneedstobebasedon()astheunit.AMinimumfluctuationpriceBMaximumfluctuationpriceCTheagreedpricefluctuationvalueDTheestablishedfluctuationpricebytheexchangeChapter5Exercises第1题Becauseelectricityisthedominantformoffinalenergyuse,power-generationsectorsmustconsumelargeamountsoffossilfuelstomeetend-useelectricitydemand.()第2题Generally,theslopesofthemarginal-benefitandmarginal-costcurvesdeterminetherelativemeritsofdifferentpolicies:whenmarginalbenefitsaresteepandmarginalcostsareflat,apermitsystemissuperior;conversely,ataxsystemispreferable.()第3题ThecostofecologicalandenvironmentaldamageisprimarilyreflectedintheSystemofNationalAccountsandincorporateaccounting.()第4题CO2emissionsfromprimary-energyusecanbedecomposedintothefollowingfactors()APopulationBGDPpercapitaCEnergyintensityDEnergy-consumptionstructure第5题TheKyotoProtocolestablishedthreeflexiblemechanisms,namely()ACleanDevelopmentMechanism(CDM)BJointImplementation(JI)CEmissionsTradingDRequiringdevelopedcountriestolimitgreenhouse-gasemissions第6题Ecological–environmentalvalueincludes()ASubstitutevalueBIntrinsicusevalueCFunctionalvalueDSelf-restorationvalue第7题Internationalexperiencewiththeexisting____systemoffersusefullessonsforestablishingacarbon-mitigationtechnologyassessmentregimeinChina.AMandatoryreportingBEnvironmentalTechnologyVerification(ETV)CCarbon-footprintassessmentDMandatorycarbontrading第8题UndertheParisAgreement,thePartiescommittoholdingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragetemperaturetowellbelow____°Cabovepre-industriallevelsandtopursueeffortstolimitthetemperatureincreaseto____°C.A2;1.5B2.5;2C1.5;2D2;2.5第9题Whichconventionmarkedthebeginningofinternationalnegotiationsonglobalclimate-changepolicy?()AGlobalClimateChangeProtocolBClimateChangeProtocolCKyotoProtocolDUnitedNationsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange(UNFCCC)第10题Regardingthecostofnatural-resourceconsumptionandoccupancy,whichstatementiscorrect?()AAreductioninthequantityofmineralresources,vegetation,water,etc.,doesnotconstitutenatural-resourcedepletion.BBeforeextraction,naturalresourcesarevaluedasaflowofassets.CNaturalresourcespossessthecharacteristicsofinventory.DThecostofnatural-resourceconsumptionandoccupancyreferstothemonetaryexpressionoftheflowofnaturalresourcesconsumedintheproductionofresource-basedgoods.第11题Environmental-impactcostsarecentrallyallocatedbythestateintheformof____.ACompensationpaymentsBDonationsCTaxesandfeesDPublicdebt第12题Whichofthefollowingmeetsthedefinitionofnatural-resourcedepletion?()ABurningcoalforheatingBExtractingmineralresourcesCTreeplantingDOzone-layerdepletionChapter6Exercises第1题Whenconductingearly-warningassessmentsfordifferenttypesofenergy,a“combine-then-split”approachshouldbeadopted:eachsubsystemiswarnedseparately,afterwhichanappropriatemodelisusedtomergetheresultsandforecasttheoverallenergy-securitystate,withtheultimategoalofensuringenergysecurity.()第2题Energystrategicreservesaredefinedastheplannedstockpiling—duringnormaltimes—ofcertainquantitiesofcoal,oil,naturalgasandothernon-renewableenergysourcesbyacountry,inordertocopewithsupplydisruptionscausedbywar,naturaldisasters,importrestrictionsandothercontingencies,therebyensuringthesmoothfunctioningofthenationaleconomyandmeetingnational-defenseneeds.()第3题Energy-securityearlywarningreferstomonitoringallactivitiesintheenergysector,analyzing,evaluatingandforecastingfuturetrendsbasedonhistoricaldata,issuingalertswhenanomaliesoccur,andprovidingcorrespondingmeasuresfordifferentscenariossoastosafeguardenergysecurity.()第4题Whichofthefollowingarestability-evaluationindicatorsforenergy-supplysecurity?()AEnergyreserve-to-productionratioBEnergyself-sufficiencyrateCEnergydiversificationindexDEnergy-pricevolatility第5题Whichofthefollowingareformsofenergydiplomacy?()ADiplomaticpoliciesandactionsthatusepoliticalandeconomicmeanstosecureenergyresourcesandenergysecurityastheultimategoalBDiplomaticpoliciesandactionsthatuseenergyasatooltoachieveotherpoliticaloreconomicobjectivesCDiplomaticpoliciesandactionsthatuseonlypoliticalmeanstosecureenergyresourcesandenergysecurityastheultimategoalDDiplomaticpoliciesandactionsthatuseenergyasatooltoachieveothereconomicobjectivesonly第6题Whichofthefollowingarewaysinwhichanenergy-economiccrisiscanaffecttheeconomicdevelopmentofcountriesworldwide?()AEnergy-supplyshortagesBSurgingenergypricesCFallingenergypricesDIncreasingenergydemand第7题Inenergy-securityearlywarning,factorsthataffectenergysecurityarecalled____.Awarningsources(警源)Bwarningsituations(警情)Cwarningdegrees(警度)Dwarningawareness(警觉)第8题Themodelmethodemployedfordeterminingtheoptimalstrategicreservesizeis____.AsubstantivecooperationBuncertaindynamicprogrammingCdecisiontreeDsystemdynamics第9题Themodelmethodemployedfortheoptimalreplenishmentstrategyis____.AAnalyticHierarchyProcess(AHP)BuncertaindynamicprogrammingCdecisiontreeDsystemdynamics第10题Internationalenergycooperationdenotesactionsinwhichinternationalactors—nation-states,internationalorganizations,andmultinationalcorporations—seek____through____,aligningthebehaviorofenergy-intereststakeholdersandadoptingoperationalmeasurestoimplementtheconsensusreachedininternationalcoordinationandtofulfillinternationalagreements.Atorealizetheirrespectiveenergyinterests,internationalcoordinationBtorealizeenergyinterests,internationalcooperationCtorealizeenergyinterests,internationalcoordinationDtorealizetheirrespectiveenergyinterests,internationalcooperation第11题Energysecurityisdefinedasprovidingenergysuppliesthatare____soastomeettheneedsofnationaleconomicdevelopment,whileensuringthatenergyproductionandusedonotunderminethesustainabledevelopmentoftheecologicalenvironment.Areliable,affordable,sustainableBreliable,affordable,continuousCsecure,affordable,sustainableDsecure,affordable,continuous第12题Energysecurityisdividedintoenergy-economicsecurityandenergy-eco-environmentalsecurity,ofwhicheconomicsecurityrefersto____.Aenergy-supplysecurityBenergy-consumptionsecurityCenergy-provisionsecurityDenergy-usesecurityChapter7Exercises第1题Fromadynamicperspective,energyvalueefficiencycansometimesalsobedefinedastheratioofserviceoutputtoenergycostovertheentirelifecycleoftheequipment.()第2题Inthecalculationofenergyintensity(energyconsumptionperunitGDP),totalenergyconsumptionreferstothesumofallenergyconsumedbyeverysectorofthenationaleconomyplusresidentialhouseholds.()第3题Improvingenergyefficiencymeansobtainingthegreatestpossibleserviceoutputwiththeleastpossibleenergyinput.()第4题Whichtechnologiesarekeyenablersforintegrating“source–grid–load–storage”?()AICT(Information&CommunicationsTechnology)BBigdataCArtificialintelligenceDSmarterPlanet第5题Energy-efficiencymeasurementindicatorscomprise()AenergymacroefficiencyBEnergyreal-objectefficiencyCEnergyphysicalefficiencyDEnergyeconomicefficiency第6题Principlesforenergy-efficiencyanalysisinclude()ACostorprofitprincipleBExpenditureorutilityprincipleCSupply-securityprincipleDSustainable-useprinciple第7题Whichofthefollowingisabenefitofislandingmode?____.AAssistingpowerexchangewiththemaingridBOptimizing,balancing,anddispatchingthemaingridCEnhancingthegrid’sabilitytoaccommodatediversepowersourcesDPromotingtheuseoflocalresourcesinremoteareastosolvetheproblemofexcessivelyhighcostsofcentralizedenergysupply第8题WhichstatementaboutenergyvalueefficiencyisINCORRECT?____.AIfenergy-serviceoutputisalsomeasuredinvalueterms,combiningenergyvalueefficiencywithotherefficiencyindicatorsininternationalcomparisonscanrevealpartofthereasonfordifferencesincountries’macroorenergyreal-objectefficiencies.BToaggregatedifferenttypesofenergy,calorific-equivalencecoefficientsorpricescanbeusedasweightswhencalculatingenergyvalueefficiency.CWhencomputingthevalueofenergyconsumptionacrosscountriesorregions,auniformpricebasisisrequired.DIninternationalcomparisons,energyvalueefficiencyisaffectedbyexchangeratesorPPP.第9题____issuitableforcomparingfirmswithidenticalproductionstructurestoreflectthetechnicalequipmentandmanageriallevelofmicro-economicorganizations.Aenergy-factorutilizationefficiencyBenergyphysicalefficiencyCenergyreal-objectefficiencyDenergy-factorallocationefficiency第10题Overthepasttwodecades,China’senergyphysicalefficiencyhasimprovedmarkedly,accordingto____.AthelawofconservationofenergyBthefirstlawofthermodynamicsCthesecondlawofthermodynamicsDthethirdlawofthermodynamics第11题Whenusingenergyintensity(energyconsumptionperunitGDP)tocomparenationalenergyefficiencies,theconclusionsoftendifferwidely,makingaccuratequantitativejudgmentsdifficult.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonforthedivergentfindingsinexistingstudies?____.AdifferencesinstatisticalscopeBless-than-scientificresearchmethodsCdifferencesinbasicdataqualityDthedynamicnatureofcross-countryenergy-efficiencydifferences第12题AccordingtotheWorldEnergyCouncil,energyefficiencyistheratioof____.AregionalGDPtoenergyconsumptionBenergyinputtoserviceoutputCserviceoutputtoenergyinputDenergyconsumptiontoregionalGDPChapter8Exercises第1题Buildingenergyconsumptionreferstoend-useenergybyequipmentforthebuiltenvironment(heating,cooling,ventilation,airconditioning,lighting,etc.)andbyequipmentforactivitieswithinbuildings(officework,cooking,etc.).()第2题C