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国家公共英语(四级)笔试模拟试卷279

一、听力填空(本题共5题,每题1.0分,共5分。)

Welch'sPersonalInformation

PlaceofBirthPhiladelphia

YearofBirth1901

transfertoBarnardUniversity(Year)1902

MajoratUniversity

FinalDegreePh.D

YearofMarriage1928

GroupingUpinNewGuineaPublished(Year)

FieldStudyintheSouthPacific(Age)_____o

MainInterest

ProfessorshipatColumbiaStarted(Year)

Death(Age)77

1、

Welch'sPersonalInformation

PlaceofBirthPhiladelphia

YearofBirth1901

transfertoBarnardUniversity(Year)1902

MajoratUniversity____________■

FinalDegreePh.D

YearofMarriage1928

GroupingUpinNewGuineaPublished(Year)因望

FieldStudyintheSouthPacific(Age)

MainInterest濯

ProfessorshipatColumbiaStarted(Year)

Death(Age)77

标准答案:sociology

知识点解析:这里考她的专业,注意sociology的拼写。

2、

标准答案:1930

知识点解析:数字题是听力考试中的重点兼难点,考生需要准确写出数字,尤其是

分辨一teen和一ty两个常考音节。很多人会写成1913,除了粗心错误外,还有不

善利用已给信息的弱点,因为前面的已明确告诉“她1928年结婚”这一信息,然后

乂说到她和丈夫共同撰写的书1930年出版。两个年份注意都不能写出year,因为

只能写一个词。

3、

标准答案:23

知识点解析:暂无解析

4、

标准答案:religions

知识点解析:此题失分的可能性比较大,注意religions是复数,因为此词前没有a

或the,而旦前面有介词on,所以不是形容词。

5、

标准答案:1954

知识点解析:暂无解析

二、高级听力填空(本题共5题,每题分,共5

分。)

HowmuchdocsHarvardUniversityplantogivein**presidentialscholarships/,whichisa

newprogramtoencouragegraduatestudentstoenterpublicservice?

6

BeforebecomingHarvard'spresidenttMr.Summerswasan

7

Harvard'snewloanprogramwillbeginnextmonthandthescholarshipsin

8

ThefellowshipswillextendtomostofHarvard'sgraduateprograms,excluding

9

HowmanyfellowshipsdoesHarvardexpecttogiveintheartsandsciencesinthenextthree

years?

6、

HowmuchdocsHarvardUniversityplantogivein**presidentialscholarships/*whichisa

newprogramtoencouragegraduatestudentstoenterpublicservice?

6

BeforebecomingHarvard'spresidenttMr.Summerswasan

E7

Harvard'snewloanprogramwillbeginnextmonthandthescholarshipsin

8

ThefellowshipswillextendtomostofHarvard'sgraduateprograms,excluding

HowmanyfellowshipsdoesHarvardexpecttogiveintheartsandsciencesinthenextthree

years?

标准答案:$14million

知识点解析:本题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。原句为“Inanewprogramto

ancouragegraduatestudents(oenterpublicservice.HarvardUniversityplanstogive$1

4millionin'presidentialscholarships'overthenextthreeyearsto200to300

graduatestudentsinterestedinpublicserviceorresearchcareers.要注意语序上的不

同。

7、

标准答案:economist

知识点解析:本题考查考生对于具体信息的听辨能力。原句为“Mr.Summers,an

economistwhoservedasUnitedStatesTreasurysecretarybeforebecomingHarvard's

president..表示人物的单词通常以“ist”收尾,而定冠词“an”说明要填的词是--个

元音字母首写的词。

8、

标准答案:September

知识点解析:本题考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。要注意首字母的大写。

9、

标准答案:businessandlaw

知识点解析:本题考杳考生对于具体细节信息的听力辨认。要注意问题是

“exclude”,即“除了”。

10、

标准答案:50

知识点解析:本题考查考生对于具体细节信息的听辨能力。原句为“Harvardexpects

togiveatleast50fellowshipsintheartsandsciencesinthenextthreeyears.

三、听力长对话(含3小题)(本题共6题,每题1.0

分,共6分。)

ThefirstOlympicGamestookplace.

11、ThefirstOlympicGamestookplace.

A^in(heseventhcenturyA.D.

B、certainlybefore700B.C.

C、overthreethousandyearsago

D、athousandyearsago

标准答案:B

知识点解析:从“NooneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsome

officialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.”可以判断答案是B,其实听清BC.就可以将

范围缩小许多了。

12>AttheancientOlympicGames,anycompetitorhadtobe.

A、slaves

B、male

C、female

D、prisoners

标准答案:B

知识点解析:文章中提到“Slaves,womenanddishonoredpeoplewerenotallowedto

compete.",采用排除法,可确定答案是B。

13、DuringtheGames,ontheeveningbeforethemoonwasfull.

A^sheepandcattleweresacrificedtoZeus

B、allthevictorswerecrownedwithgarlands

C、olivebranchesweregatheredfromasacredwood

D、theheroeswerehonoredwithsacrificialofferings

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题稍难,文章:中提了几个习惯,关键是判断时间iheeveningbefore

themoonwasfull,从句子“Recordsshowthattheeveningofthethirddaywasdevoted

tosacrificialofferingstotheheroesoftheday,andthefourthday,thatofthefull

moon,wassetasideasaholyday.”可以判断答案是D。

Whatunusualquestionmaydoctorsaskwhengivingkidsacheckupnexttime?

14、Whatunusualquestionmaydoctorsaskwhengivingkidsacheckupnexttime?

A^Howmuchexercisetheygeteveryday.

B、Whattheyaremostworriedabout.

C、Howlongtheirparentsaccompanythemdaily.

D^Whatentertainmenttheyareinterestedin.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此篇短文谈论电视对孩子成长的负面影响。这类文章在听力考试中已

经出现多次了,所以比较利于考生抓住主题思想。通过阅读三道题目及其选项,可

以判断主要内容与entertainment和kid有关。这一题的线索在第一句。

15、Theacademysuggeststhatchildrenunderagetwo

A、getenoughentertainment

B、havemoreactivities

C、receiveearlyeducation

D、haveregularcheckups

标准答案;B

知识点解析:专家认为两岁以下的孩子不能看任何电视,他们应该有更多的活动来

锻炼脑子。因此答案是[B]。

16、Accordingtothereport,children'sbedroomsshould.

A^benoplacefbrplay

B、benearacommonarea

C、havenoTVsets

haveacomputerforstudy

标准答案:C

知识点解析:这一题是常识题,可以根据排除法来判断正确答案.当然,只要理解

文章的主要意思,就能明确判断孩子的房间要远离电视。

四、听力长对话(含4小题)(本题共4题,每题7.0

分,共4分。)

WhatisDr.Francis?

17、WhatisDr.Francis?

A、AteacherofEnglishinCambridge.

B、Aspecialistincomputerscience.

C^AconsultanttoaScottishcompany.

D^ABritishtouristtoChina.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:暂无解析

18、Whatis(heapproximatetemperatureinCambridgeinsummer?

A、22℃.

B、23℃.

C、25℃.

D、34℃.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:暂无解析

19、WheredoesDr.FrancissuggestLiMingshouldstayinCambridge?

A、WithanEnglishfamily.

B、Inaflatnearthecollege.

C^Withalanguageteacher.

D、Inastudentdormitory.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:暂无解析

20、WhatisthepointDrFrancisismakingwhenhementionsAli?

A、Somethingscannotbelearnedfrombooks.

B、Foreignstudentsareverymuchalike.

C、Choiceofwheretolivevariesfrompersontoperson.

D、Convenienceishisfirstconsiderationinchoosingwheretolive.

标准答案:A'

知识点解析:暂无解析

五、完型填空(本题共20题,每题7.0分,共20分。)

ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritaincallalltheinhabitantsEnglish,fortheyare

usedtothinkingoftheBritishIslesasEngland.21,theBritishIslescontainavarietyof

peoples,andonlythepeopleofEnglandcallthemselvesEnglish.Theothers22to

themselvesasWelsh,Scottish,orIrish,23thecasemaybe;theyareoftenslightly

annoyed24beingclassifiedas"English".EveninEnglandtherearemany25inregional

characterandspeech.Thechief26isbetweensouthernEnglandandnorthernEngland.

Southofa27goingfromBristoltoLondon,peoplespeakthetypeofEnglishusually

learntbyforeignstudents,28therearelocalvariations.Furthernorth,regionalspeechis

usually"29"thanthatofsouthernBritain.Northernersare30toclaimthattheywork

harderthanSoutherners,andaremore31.Theyareopenheartedandhospitable;

foreignersoftenfindthattheymakefriendswith(hem32.Northernersgenerallyhave

hearty33:thevisitortoLancashireorYorkshire,forinstance,maylookforwardto

receivinggenerous34atmeallimes.InaccentandcharacterthepeopleoftheMidlands

35agradualchangefromthesoutherntothenortherntypeofEnglishman.InScotland

thesound36bytheletter"R"isgenerallyastrongsound,and"R"isoftenpronouncedin

wordsinwhichitwouldbe37insouthernEnglish.TheScotsaresaidtobeaserious,

cautious,thriftypeople,38inventiveandsomewhatmystical.AlltheCelticpeoplesof

Britain(theWelsh,theIrish,theScots)arefrequently39asbeingmore"fiery"thanthe

English.Theyare40aracethatisquitedistinctfromtheEnglish.

21、

A、Inconsequence

B、Inbrief

C、Ingeneral

D^Infact

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题属于语篇连接题。选项[A]Inconsequence表示“因此”,表因果关

系;选项[B]Inbrief表示“总而言之”,用于总结上文;选项[C]Ingeneral表示“一般

说来“,用于概括叙述;选项[D]Infact表示“实际上”,常用于语气的转折。文章首

句说:很多没有到过大不列颠的外国人把那里所有的居民统称为English,即英国

人,因为他们习惯把大不列颠群岛称为英格兰。下文强调:大不列颠群岛住着各种

民族,而只有居住在英格兰的人们才把自己称为English,因此两句之间是转折关

系。[D]是正确答案。

22、

A^confine

B、attach

C、refer

D^add

标准答案:C

知识点解析:此题属「语意搭配题。选项©refer:refbrto…as…表示"把…称

为例如:Californiaisreferredtoas"GoldcnState”.(加利福尼亚被称为“黄金之

州”。)选项[A]confine:confine...Io…表示”把...局限于“,例如:Couldyou

confineyourdiscussiontothematterinquestion?(你能把发言限定在正在讨论的问题上

吗?)选项表示“系上,贴上,依恋例如:Iallachcdapholu

(omyapplicationform.(我在申请表上贴了一张照片。)选项[D]add:addto表示“增

加“,相当于increase;例如:Thenewsaddedlohisanxiety.(这条消息增加了他的

焦虑。)全句可译为:其他居民把自己称为“威尔士人”、“苏格兰人”或“爱尔兰人”。

23、

A、as

B、which

C、for

D、so

标准答案:A

知识点解析:此题属于语法题。根据语法,本题应填入非限定性定语从句的关系代

词,故在选项[A]as与选项[B]which之间选择。两者均可引导非限定性定语从句,

指代整个主句的意思,但as引导的定语从句对主句起相辅作用,表示“正如”等意

义,位置灵活,可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:Asisknowntoall,waterconsists

ofoxygenandhydrogen.(众所周知,水是由氧和氢组成。)所以[A]as是正确答案。

选项[C]for用于并列句中,表示“因为“,例如:Icaughtacold,forIhadbeen

walkingaroundintherain.选项[D]so也用于并列句中,表示“所以

24、

A、with

B、by

C>at

D、for

标准答案:C

知识点解析:此题属于词语搭配题。动词annoy的习惯用法是:l)beannoyedat

sth.,对(某事)感到生气,Iwasannoyedathisimpoliteness.我对他的无礼

感到生气。2)beannoyedwithsb.,对(某人)感到生气,例如:Shewasannoyed

withhimforhisbeinglate.她对他的迟到感到生气。其余选项:[A]with、[B]by和

[D]for都不合题意,故选[C]。全句可译为:他们(指威尔士人、苏格兰人和爱尔兰

人)对被一概归并为“English”常感到有些不快。

25、

A^similarities

B、differences

C、certainties

D、features

标准答案:B

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。本题要求注意上下文的逻辑关系,上文讲到英

伦三岛有好几种民族,下文讲英格兰各地区,even表示顺接上文,语气更近一

步,可见下文还要讲差异。故选项[A]similarities(相同性),选项[C]certainties(确实

性)和选项[D]fealures(特征)均不符合题意,正确答案是[BJdifferences(不同)。全句可

译为:甚至在英格兰,人们的性格与方言也存在着许多区域性的不同。

26、

A^factor

B、virtue

C、privilege

D、division

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。前一句?的differences暗示此句应:选

[D]division(区分,不一致)。选项[A]faclor表示“因素A例如:Hisfriendlymanner

isanimportantfactorinhissuccess.选项[B]virtue表示“美德",例如:Thevirtueof

honestyisofimportance.选项©privilege表示“特权,特别的优惠”,例如:

Educationisaprivilegeinmanycountries.全句可译为:主要的区别在于英格兰南北

部之间。

27、

A^line

B、row

C、border

D^scale

标准答案:A

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。选项[A]line表示“线,线条”,例如:drawa

line;又如:afishingline;选项[B]row表示“行,排",例如:arowofhouses;选项

[C]border表示“边界,边沿",例如:aborderofflowersroundthelawn(草坪四周边

缘的花坛);选项[D]scale表示“尺度,规模",例如:businessonalargescale(大规模

的生意)。本句含义为:在英格兰划一条从布里斯托到伦敦的线用以区别南部和北

部,故选项[A]是正确答案。

28、

A、who

B、when

C>though

D、for

标准答案:C

知识点解析:此题属于语篇连接题。主句与分句之间应是让步关系,故选

[C]thougho其余选项:[A]who、[B]when和[D]for都不符合题意。全句可译为:从

布里斯托到伦敦的连线以南,人们所说的英语就是外国学生通常学的那种英语,尽

管有些地方性差异。

29、

A、wider

B、broader

C、rarer

D、scarcer

标准答案:B

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。选项[B]broadcr表示“宽的,广阔的“,例如:

broadshoulders(宽阔的肩膀);也可用于表示“(发音方面的)带…口音的,…口音重

的”,即(ofawayofspeaking)stronglymarked,例如:abroadaccent(带着明显的…口

音)。因此[B]是正确答案。选项[A]wider表示“宽松的,广泛的”(coveringalarge

spaceorrangeofthings),例如:awideskirt(宽松的裙子);又如:wideinterests(/

泛的兴趣)。选项[CJrarer和选项|D]scarcer都表示“稀少的”。

30、

A、used

B、apt

C、possible

D、probable

标准答案:B

知识点解析:此题属于词语搭配题。选项网apt:beapttodosth.表示“倾向于,

习惯于“,例如:Acarelesspersonisapttomakemistakes.(一个粗心人往往犯错

误)。因此[B]符合题意和语法。选项[A]used:beusedtosih./doingsth.表示“习

惯干“,例如:Hehasbeenusedtotheweatherhere.选项©possible的用法是his

possiblethat...或Itispossibleforsb.todosth.,例如:ItispossiblethatIshallgo

(heretomorrow.选项[D]prcbable用¥去为:Something,isprobable或Itisprobable

that...,例如:It列probablethatitwiHrain.这三项都与原句不符,故选网。

31、

A、perfect

B、notorious

C、superior

D^thorough

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。选项[D]thorough表示“彻底的,完全的,纯正

的“,可与more构成比较级,因此是正确答案。选项[A]pcrfect表示“完美的”,没

有比较级和最高级形式;选项[B]notorious表示“臭名昭害的",例如:anotorious

thief(声名狼藉的窃贼),此选项与上下文内容相悖;选项[C]s叩erior表示“比…好,

优越”,已含有比较级含义,但不能与more连用,通常用法是AissuperiortoB,

例如:ThisTVsetissuperiortothatoneinquality.(这台电视机比那台的质量要

好。)全句可译为:北部人往往声称他们比南部人更勤奋,因而是更纯粹的英国

人。

32、

A、swiftly

B、promptly

C、immediately

D、quickly

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题属于近义词辨析题。四个词都表示“立刻地”,但着重点不同。选

项[A]swifHy强调行为发生的敏捷性,例如:Theydeniediheaccusationswiftly.他

们很快否认那桩起诉。选项[B]prompUy和选项[C]immediately都含有withoutdelay

的意义,例如:「Hdeliveryourpurchasespromptly.我会立刻送你买的货。又如:I

cameimmediatelyafterIhadhaddinner.选项[DJquickly意为afteronlyaveryshort

time,例如:IrealizedfairlyquicklythatIwaswrong.全句可译为:北方人一般很亲

切、好客,外国人经常发现自己能很快和他们交上朋友.

33、

A、appetites

tastes

C、interests

D^senses

标准答案:A

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。hearty叩petites表示"心宽体胖胃口好”。选项

[B]tastes表示“滋味,鉴赏力”,例如:asweettasle(甜味);又如:atastefor

music(音乐鉴常力选项[0interests表示“兴趣",例加:aninterestinmusic(对音乐

的爱好)。选项[D]senses表示“感觉,见识”,例如:asenseoffear(恐惧感);又如:

commonsense(常识)。这三个选项都不符合题意。

34、

A、helpings

B、offerings

C、fillings

D^findings

标准答案:A

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。选项[A]helpings可表示“(饭菜的)分量”,正合

句意。选项[Blofferings(供奉的物品),选项©fillings(填充物)和选项[D]findings(发

现结果)放在句子中都讲不通。全句可译为:北部人一般心宽体胖胃口好,例如,

到兰开郡或约克郡的参观者在吃饭时可以有望吃到丰厚的饭菜。

35、

A、represent

B、designate

C、demonstrate

D^reckon

标准答案:A

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。选项[A]represent表示“表示,代表”,例如:

Fortheboy,hisfatherrepresentspower.选项[B]designate表示“标明,指明”,例

如:designatethecityonthem叩:选项[C]demonstrate表示“证明,演示“,例如:

demonstratehow(ooperatethemachine;选项[D]reckon表示“认为",例如:We

reckonhim(tobc)diligcnt.原句中提到了Midland(中部地区)与南北部之间的关系,

可推断其意为:从中部地区就可看出南北英国人之间的差异,故选[A]。

36、

A、delivered

denoted

C、depicted

D、defined

标准答案:B

知识点解析:此题属于形近词辨析题。选项[B]denoted表示“表示,意味着“,例

如:Asmileoftendenotespleasure.微笑常意味着愉快。原句讲字母R的发音,应

选[B]。选项[A]delivered表示“交付,投递,表达“,例如:deliverletters,又如:

deliveraspeech;选项[C]depicied表示“描绘”,例如:Thispaintingdepictsa

story.这幅画描述了一个故事。选项[DJdcfined表示"给...下定义”,例如:Some

wordsarehardtodefine.

37、

A、quiet

B、obscure

C、faint

D、silent

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题。此处指语言学中的单词中不发音的字母,用

silent表示。选项[A]quiet(安静的),选项[B]obscure(模糊不清的)和选项[CJfaint(微

弱的)都不正确。全句可译为:在苏格兰,字母“R”所表示的是强音,且常常在

有些词中读出声来,而在南部英语中这些词的R是不发音的。

38、

A、rather

B、still

C、somehow

D、even

标准答案:A

知识点解析:此题属于语意搭配题,考查副词含义的区别。选项[A]ralher表示“有

点,相当“(toamoderateexlenl,quite),如:arathercolddayo下文中的somewhat

揭示我们应选•个与其意义相近的词,故[A]是正确答案c选项表示“仍

然”。选项[C]somehow表示“用某种方式,总算”,如:SomehoworotherIwasable

toworkitout.选项[DJeven表示“甚至”,§11:Itisevencoldertoday.全句可译为:

苏格兰人被认为是严肃、谨慎、俭朴的,富有创意又有点儿神秘。

39、

A^rendered

B、thought

C、impressed

D、described

标准答案:D

知识点解析:此题属词语搭配题。选项[A]rendered:rend?r+名词+形容词,表示

"使...成为(某种状态)”,如:Thesightrenderedhershocked.选项[B]lhoughl:think

ofsth./sb.as表示“把…认为是…",如:Wethoughtofhimasourbestfriend.选

项©impressed:impresssb.表示“给...留下印象“,如:Themuseumimpressedme

deeply.选项[DJdescribed:describe…as表示'‘把...描述为…“,如:Hedescribed

himasanartist.[D]是正确答案。全句可译为:英伦三岛的所有凯尔特人种(威尔士

人、爱尔兰人、苏格兰人)常被描绘成比英格兰人“性格更加粗犷”。

40、

A^with

B、of

C、among

D、against

标准答案:B

知识点解析:此题属于语法题,需填人一个能表示“有…特征”的介词,介词。「有

这种用法,例如:awomanofability。因此选[B]of。其余选项:[A]with、©among

和[D]against都没有这种用法。

六、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共"题,每题7.0

分,共19分。)

Theworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitionseverwitnessed.

TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemerging

countrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessand

worrying:"Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentration(urnintoanuncontrollableanti­

competitiveforce?"There'snoquestion(hatthebigaregettingbiggerandmore

powerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradein

1982.Todaythefigureismorethan25%andgrowingrapidly.Internationalaffiliates

accountforafastgrowingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupand

welcomeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheearly

1990s,multinationalswentfrom43%toalmost70%oftheindustrialproductionofthe

200largestfirms.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmaller

economicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworld

economy.IbelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethe

samethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunication

costs,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlarged

operationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Allthesearcbeneficial,not

detrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,theworld'swealthincreases.Examples

ofbenefitsorcostsofthecunentconcentrationwavearescanty.Yetitishardtoimagine

(hatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldrecreatethesamethreatstocompetition

(hatwerefearednearlyacenturyagoin(heU.S.,when(heStandardOiltrustwasbroken

up.Themergersoftelecomcompanies,suchasWorldCom,hardlyseem(obringhigher

pricesforconsumersorareductioninthepaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,the

priceofcommunicationsiscomingdownfast.Incars,too,concentrationisincreasing

(witnessDaimlerandChrysler,RenaultandNissan)butitdoesnotappearthatconsumers

arebeinghurt.Yetthefactremainsthatthemergermovemen:mustbewatched.Afew

weeksago,AlanGreenspanv/arnedagainstthemegamergersinthebankingindustry.

Whoisgoingtosupervise,regulateandoperateaslenderoflastresortwiththegigantic

banksthatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromoneplaceto

anotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andshould

onecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof"defendingcompetition"onissuesthataffect

manyothernations,asintheU.S.vs.Microsoftcase?

41、Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestoday?

A^Totakeinmoreforeignfunds.

B、Toinvestmoreabroad.

C、Tocombineandbecomebigger.

D、Totradewithmorecountries.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:主旨题。第一段第一句即点明了全文主题:世界正经历一次历史上最

大的合并重组浪潮。所以[C]为正确答案。

42Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingforcesbehindM&Awaveis.

A、thegreatercustomerdemiinds

B、asurplussupplyforthemarket

C、agrowingproductivity

D^theincreaseoftheworld'swealth

标准答案:A

知识点解析:细节题。文章第三段指出:合并浪潮的最重要的推动力亦经济全球化

进程的推动力:运输和通讯费用的下降;较低的贸易和投资壁垒,需耍采取扩大经

营的方式才能满足消费者需求扩大的市场。由此可知,[A]“消费者更大的需求”为

正确答案。

43、Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat.

A、(heincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtconsumers

B、WorldComservesasagoodexampleofbothbenefitsandcosts

C、thecostsoftheglobalizationprocessareenormous

D、(heStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedcompetition

标准答案:D

知识点解析:推断题。第匹段第二句说:如今,很难想像几家石油公司的合并,会

像近一个世纪以前标准石油公司托拉斯解体时那样,对竞争产生同样的威胁。由此

推断,标准石油公司在一个世纪以前可能威胁竞争,但今天的合并不会。注意

mighthavedone表示对过去事情较肯定的推测。

44、Towardthenewbusinesswave,thewriter'sattitudecanbesaidtobe_.

A^optimistic

B、objective

C、pessimistic

D^biased

标准答案:B

知识点解析:作者观点态度题。作者在文章的前几段讲了合并重组的弊处。在最后

一段指出对这股合并浪潮必须提高警惕,并指出了一些问题。因此,作者对这股新

的经济潮流的态度是比较客观的。所以,[B]为正确答案。

Thereareadvantagesin1997,ifyouwanttolookforthem.Theairiscleaner,andthere

seemtobefewercolds.Thecrimeratehasdropped.Withthepolicecartooexpensive,

policemenarebackon(heirbeats.Moreimportant,thestreetsarefull.Legsareking,and

peoplewalkeverywherefarintothenight.Thereismutualprotectionincrowds.Ifthe

weatherisn'ttoocold,peoplesitoutfront.Ifitishot,theopenairistheonlyair-

conditioningtheyget.Atleast,thestreetlightsstillburn.Indoors,fewpeoplecanafford

tokeeplightsburningaftersupper.Asforthewinter—well,itisinconvenienttohecold,

withmostofwhatfurnacefuelisallowedhoardedfbrthedawn.Butsweatersarepopular

indoorwear.Showersarenotaneverydayluxury.1(issorein(hesuburbs,whichwere

bornwiththeauto,livedwiththeauto,andaredyingwiththeauto.Suburbanitesfrom

associationsthatassignturnstotheprocurementanddistributionoffood.Rushcartscreak

fromhousetohousealongtheposhsuburbanroads,andeverybadsnow-stormisa

disaster.Itisn'teasytohoardenoughfoodtolasttilltheroadsareopen.Whatenergyis

leftmustbeconservedfbragriculture.Thegreatcarfactoriesmaketrucksandfarm

machineryalmostexclusively.TheAmericanpopulationisn'tgoingupmuchanymore,

butthefoodsupplymustbekepthigheventhough(hepricesanddifficultyof

distributionforceeachAmericantoeatless.Foodisneededfbrexporttopayfbrsome

tricklesofoilandfbrotherresources.Therestoftheworldisnotasluckyasweare.

They'restarvingou(therebecauseearth'spopulationhascontinued(orise.The

populationonearthis5.5billionupby1.5billionsince1997andoutsidetheUnited

StatesandEurope,notmorethanoneinfivehasenoughtoeatatanygiventime.Thereis

ahighinfantmortalityrate.Ifsmorethanjuststarvation,though.Therearethosewho

managetosurviveonbarelyenoughtokeepthebodyworking,andthatprovestobenot

enoughforthebrain.Itisestimatedthatnearlytwobillionpeopleintheworldare

permanentlybraindamagedbyundernutrition,andthenumberisgrowing.Atleast,the

bigarmiesaregone.OnlytheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnioncanmaintainafew

tanks,planes,andships—whichtheydarenotmoveforfearofbitingintolimitedfuel

reserves.Machinesmustbereplacedhyhumanmuscleandbeastsofburden.Peoplearc

workinglongerhours,andwithlightingrestricted,televisiononlythreehoursanight,

newbooksfewandprintedinsmalleditions—whatistheretodowithleisure?Work,

sleep,andeatingarethegreattrinityof1997.andonlythefirsttwoareguaranteed.

45、Whatisthepassageabout?

A、Itisahistoryoflifein1997.

B、Itisthedescriptionoflifeafterawar.

C、Itisanimaginaryaccountoflifein1997.

D^Itisascientificstudyoflifein1997.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:纵观全文来看,本文是一种想像。

46、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A、Energywillbeonmoreexpensiveandinshortsupply.

B、Mostpeoplewillbeontheirlegs.

C、Theairwillbecleanerin1997.

D^Therewillbemorecarsthaneverin1997.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:第三段第一句话说到要把炉子的燃料省着到早上用,所以可以推知燃

料很昂贵,所以A项是正确的;从第一段倒数第二句话可知B项也是正确的;从

第一段第二句话中可知C项也是正确的。

47、In1997,peoplewill

A、notuseanyelectricity

B、usemoreelectricitythantheydotoday

C、uselesselectricitythantheydotoday

D^notlikeelectricityanymore

标准答案:C

知识点解析:从第二段第三句可知,那时的人们还会使用电,所以A项是错误

的:从第二段最后一句话中可以看出人们负担不起太多电费,所以B项是错误

的;人们少用电不是因为他们不喜欢,而是因为太昂贵,所以D项也是错误的。

48、WhywillAmericanneed(oexportfoodin1997?

A、Becausethefarmerswillneedalotofmoney.

B、Becauseitwillneedmoneytobuyoil.

C、Becauseitwillhavetoomuchfoodforitsownuse.

D、Becauseitwantstohelpothercountries.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:第五段最后一句话说到需要出口食品以支付石油和其他资源。

49>Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'stone?

A、Pessimistic.

B、Cheerful.

C、Excited.

D、Optimistic.

标准答案:A

知识上解析:纵观全文,作者描述了很多悲观的想像。

Nocompanylikestobetolditiscontributingtothemoraldeclineofanation."Isthis

whatyouintendedtoaccomplishwithyourcareers?"anAmericansenatoraskedTime

Warnerexecutivesrecently."Youhavesoldyoursouls,butmustyoucorruptournation

andthreatenourchildrenaswell?"AtTimeWarner,however,suchquestionsarcsimply

thelatestmanifestationofthesouI-scarehingthathasinvolvedthecompanyeversince

thecompanywashornin1990.It'saself-examinationthathas,atvarioustimes,involved

issuesofresponsibility,creativefreedomandthecorporatebottomline.Atthecoreof

(hisdebateischairmanGeraldLevin,56,whotookoverfromthelateSteveRossinthe

early1990s.Onthefinancialfront.Levinisunderpressuretoraisethestockpriceand

reducethecompany'smountainousdebt,whichwillincreaseto$17.3billionaftertwo

newcabledealsclose.Hehaspromisedtoselloffsomeofthepropertyandrestructure

(hecompany,butinvestorsarewaitingimpatiently.Theflapoverrapisnotmakinglife

anyeasierforhim.Levinhasconsistentlydefendedthecompany'srapmusiconthe

groundsofexpression.In1992,whenTimeWarnerwasunderfireforreleasingIce-T's

violentrapsongCopKiller,Levindescribedrapasalawfulexpressionofstreetculture,

whichdeservesanoutlet."Thetestofanydemocraticsociety,"hewroteinaWallStreet

Journalcolumn,"liesnotinhowwellitcancontrolexpressionbutinwhetheritgives

freedomofthoughtandexpressionthewidestpossiblelatitude,howeverdisputableor

irritatingtheresultsmaysometimesbe.Wcwon'tretreatinthefaceofanythreats."Levin

wouldnotcommentonthedebatelastweek,butthereweresignsthatthechairmanwas

backingoffhishard-linestand,atleasttosomeextent.Duringthediscussionofrock

singingversesatlastmonth'sstockholders'meeting,Levinassertedthat"musicisnot(he

causeofsociety'sills"andevencitedhisson,ateacherintheBronx,NewYork,who

usesraptocommunicatewithstudents.Buthetalkedaswellaboutthe"balanced

struggle"betweencreativefreedomandsocialresponsibility,andheannouncedthatthe

companywouldlaunchadrivetodevelopstandardsfordistributionandlabelingof

potentiallyobjectionablemusic.The15-meniberTimeWarnerboardisgenerally

supportiveof

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