高考英语阅读理解必记121个高频生僻词

高考英语阅读理解必记121个高频生僻词类型1生僻动词单词释义语义联想助记accompanyv、陪伴；为······伴奏表示

gosomewherewithsb.时，相当于keepsb.company；表示＂为······伴奏＂时，常用于accompanysb.on/atsth.anticipatev.预料，预期相当于expectassumev.假定，认为表示

thinksth.istruewithouthavingproofassignv、分配（某物）；分派，布置（工作、任务等）表示

togivesb.sth.thattheycanuse,orsomework

orresponsibilityboomv.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛表示

haveaperiodofrapidgrowth;becomebigger,

moresuccessful,etc.boostv.使增长，使兴旺表示

makesth.increase,orbecomebetterormore

successfuceasev.使停止，终止表示

stopsth.fromhappeningorexistingcollapsev.（突然）倒塌，坍塌表示

tofalldownorfallinsuddenly,oftenafter

breakingapartv.（尤指因病重而）倒下，昏倒，晕倒表示

tofalldown(andusuallybecomeunconscious)，especiallybecauseofillnessv.突然失败；崩溃；瓦解表示

tofailsuddenlyorcompletelycomposev.组成，构成相当于

makeupv.作曲表示

writemusicv.撰写（信函、讲稿、诗歌等）表示

writealetter,etc.conductv.实施，组织相当于carryout,organize等confirmv.确认，证实表示

showsth.istrueconquerv.击败，战胜；对付表示

defeatsb.或

succeedindealingwithorcontrollingsth.consultv.咨询，请教表示

gotosb.foradvice/opinionsv.商量表示

exchangeideasordiscusssth.withsb.definev.阐明；…给下定义表示

describeorstatesth.clearly

或

givetheexactmeaningof...correspondv.相一致，相符合相当于bethesameasormatchsth.v.类似于，相当于相当于

besimilartoorthesameassth.elsedemonstratev.证明；证实表示

toshowsth.clearlybygivingprooforevidencev.表达；表露表示

toshowbyyouractionsthatyouhavea

particularquality,feelingoropiniondismissv.不予考虑，摒弃，对······不屑一提表示

decidethatsb./sth.isnotimportantandnot

worththinkingortalkingaboutv.去除，消除，摒除（思想、感情等）表示

putthoughtsorfeelingsoutofyourmindv.解雇，免职，开除表示

officiallyremovesb.fromtheirjob，相当于firedistinguishv.辨别，区分表示

recognizethedifferencebetweentwopeopleor

things，相当于tell（识别，区分）distributev.分发表示

sharesth.betweenanumberofpeople，相当于handoutembracev.拥抱相当于hugv.欣然接受表示

acceptsth.withenthusiasmencounterv.遭遇～sth.，相当于

meetwithsth.,runintosth.v.偶然碰见～sb./sth.，相当于

comeacrosssb./sth.facilitatev.促进，促使表示tomakeanactionoraprocesspossibleoreasier，相当于promoteindicatev.表明；暗示表示

showthatsth.istrueorexists

或

mentionsth.inanindirectway，相当于show,suggest等integratev.（使）合并，成为一体表示

tocombinetwoormorethingssothattheywork

togetherinterpretv.把······理解为，领会表示

todecidethatsth.hasaparticularmeaningand

tounderstanditinthiswayv.口译，传译表示

totranslateonelanguageintoanotherasyou

hearitinvestigatev.调查，侦查（某事）表示

findoutthetruththroughcarefulexamination，相当于examine,lookinto,inquireinto

等prohibitv.禁止；阻止相当于forbid,ban,stop,prevent等predictv.预言，预报表示

saysth.willhappeninthefuture，相当于

forecast，foresee,foretell等perceivev.注意到，意识到，察觉到表示

tonoticeorbecomeawareofsth.v.将······理解为，将······视为，认为表示

tounderstandorthinkofsb./sth.ina

particularwayquotev.引用，引述表示

torepeattheexactwordsthatanotherperson

hassaidorwritten，相当于refertoregisterv.登记，记录表示

putsb.'s/sth.'snameonanofficiallist，常用于

registerat/forsth.结构resemblev.看起来像，像相当于

looklike

或

besimilartosubmitv.提交当用于submitsth.tosb.结构时，表示

sendaproposal，reportorrequesttosb.inwrittenformv.顺从当用于submitoneselftosb.结构时，表示

giveintosb.substitutev.代替，取代常用搭配是

substituteAforB,substituteBwith/byA，表示taketheplaceofsb./sth.else，相当于

replacesuspendv.暂缓，推迟表示

toofficiallydelaysth.;toarrangeforsth.to

happenlaterthanplannedv.暂停表示

toofficiallystopsth.foratimeswitchv.改变；交换表示

change

或

exchangeonethingforanothertacklev.应付，处理，解决（难题或局面）表示

tomakeadeterminedefforttodealwitha

difficultproblemorsituationtremblev.颤抖，哆嗦表示

shakeinexcitementorfright，常用于

tremblewithsth.结构withdrawv.撤回，撤离表示

movebackorawayfromaplaceorsituation，常用于withdraw...from...结构类型2生僻名词单词释义语义联想助记abusen.滥用，妄用表示

theuseofsth.inawaythatiswrongor

harmfulaptituden.天赋相当于talentatmospheren.大气表示

themixtureofgasessurroundingtheEarthn.空气表示

theairaroundaplacen.氛围表示

thefeelingormoodyouhaveinaplaceor

situationallowancen.津贴表示

moneygivenregularlyforaspecialpurposen.零用钱相当于

pocketmoneybudgetn.预算表示

themoneythatisavailabletoanorganization

oraperson，常用搭配为

onatightbudget,withinbudget,overbudgetcapabilityn.能力，才能表示

theabilityorqualitiesnecessarytodosth.capacityn.容量，容积，表示

thenumberofthingsorpeoplethatacontainer

orspacecanholdn.领悟（或理解、办事）能力表示

theabilitytounderstandortodosth.categoryn.类别，种类表示

agroupofpeopleorthingswithparticular

featuresincommon，相当于kind,variety,sortcataloguen.目录表示acompletelistofitems，相当于contents,list等coincidencen.巧合表示

thefactoftwothingshappeningatthesame

timebychanceconductorn.指挥表示

apersonwhostandsinfrontofanorchestraand

directsitsperformancen.列车长表示

apersonwhoisinchargeofatrainandtravels

withitn.售票员表示

apersonwhosejobistocollectmoneyfrom

passengersorchecktheirticketscriterionn.标准，准则表示

astandardorprinciplebywhichsth.isjudged，相当于standard，其复数形式是criteriadepositn.存款表示

themoneyyouputintothebankaccountn.订金表示

themoneygivenasthefirstpartofalarger

paymentdilemman.（进退两难的）困境表示

adifficultsituationinwhichyouhaveto

choosebetweenthingsofequalimportance，相当于difficulty等episoden.一段经历表示

aneventorashortperiodoftimeduringwhich

somethinghappens，相当于incidentn.（电视连续剧或广播剧的）一集表示

onepartofastorythatisbroadcaston

televisionorradioinseveralpartsfantasyn.幻想表示

theactofimaginingthingsoraperson's

imagination，相当于

imaginationfrictionn.争执；分歧；不和相当于

tensioninitiativen.

倡议，新方案相当于newplann.主动性，积极性，自发性表示

theabilitytodecideandactonyourown

withoutwaitingforsb.totellyouwhattodoinspectionn.检查；查看相当于

examinationnotificationn.通知，通告相当于announcementmaintenancen.维护；保养表示

theactofmakingastateorsituationcontinuen.维持；保持表示

thequalityofbeingreasonableandnotbeing

extremeoppositionn.反对，反抗表示

theactofstronglydisagreeingwithsb./sth.时，相当于

resistancen.对手表示

thepeoplethatyouarecompetingagainst，相当于

opponentpriorityn.优先；优先权表示

therighttobegivenattentionfirstandbefore

otherpeopleorthingsprivilegen.特殊利益表示

aspecialrightoradvantage，相当于

anexclusiveright，specialtreatment

等n.荣幸表示

somethingyoufeelproudof，相当于honourprospectn.前景，展望，设想表示

anideaofwhatmightorwillhappeninthe

future，相当于vision,outlookqualificationn.资格，学历；资历表示

somethingshowingyourlevelofeducationor

training

或somethingneededforanactivity，代表着你的status,condition，capacity

等receiptn.收据，收条表示apieceofpaperthatshowsthatgoodsor

serviceshavebeenpaidforreceptionistn.接待员在不同语境中相当于greeter,deskclerk或

secretaryrecipen.食谱；秘诀相当于cookbook或

secretresolven.解决（问题或困难）相当于settlerecreationn.消遣，娱乐表示

thefactofpeopledoingthingsforenjoyment，相当于entertainment,pleasure,amusement等reputationn.声誉，名声表示

theopinionthatpeoplehaveaboutwhatsb./sth.

islike，相当于fame,celebrity

等solituden.独处；独居表示

thestateofbeingalonescenarion.设想；方案表示

adescriptionofhowthingsmighthappeninthe

futureterritoryn.（个人、群体、动物等占据的）领域，管区，地盘表示

anareathatoneperson,group,animal,etc.

considersastheirownanddefendsagainstotherswhotrytoenteritwelfaren.（个体或群体的）幸福，福祉，安康表示

thegeneralhealth,happinessandsafetyofa

person,ananimaloragroup，相当于

well-being类型3生僻形容词单词释义语义联想助记abstractadj.抽象的（与具体经验相对）表示

existinginthoughtorasanideabutnothaving

aphysicalreality，反义词

concrete（具体的）abundantadj.丰富的，充裕的相当于

plentifulaccessibleadj.可到达的，可接近的，可进入的；易懂的表示

thatcanbereached,entered,used,seen,etc.或easytounderstandadequateadj.足够的表示

enoughinquantityorgoodenoughinquality，相当于enough,sufficient等awesomeadj.令人惊叹的，令人惊惧的表示

veryimpressiveordifficultandperhapsrather

frighteningadj.很好的相当于verygood,enjoyableawkwardadj.令人尴尬的表示makingyoufeelembarrassed

时，相当于

embarrassingadj.笨拙的表示

notmovinginaneasyway时，相当于clumsyawfuladj.很坏的，极讨厌的表示

verybadorunpleasantcomplicatedadj.难懂的，复杂的表示

difficulttodealwithorunderstandbecauseof

somanypartsoraspects，相当于

complexconcreteadj.具体的表示

basedonfacts,notonideasorguesses，相当于specificcosyadj.温暖舒适的表示

comfortable,warmandsafecontradictoryadj.相互矛盾的；对立的相当于

conflictingdecentadj.像样的，相当不错的表示

ofagoodenoughstandardorqualityadj.正派的，合乎礼节的表示

honestandfair;treatingpeoplewithrespectdelicateadj.易碎的表示

easilydamagedorbrokenadj.虚弱的表示

notstrongandeasilybecomingilladj.精美的，小巧玲珑的表示

smallandhavingabeautifulshapeorappearanceadj.需要小心处理的，微妙的表示

showingorneedingskillful,carefulor

sensitivetreatmentadj.清淡可口的；清香的表示

lightandpleasant;notstrongimpersonaladj.非指个人的；客观的表示

notreferringtoanyparticularpersonoddadj.奇怪的，反常的相当于strange或

unusualoriginaladj.起初的表示

existingatthebeginning，相当于initialpermanentadj.永久的，长久的表示

lastingforalongtimeorexistingallthetime，相当于lasting,everlasting等preciseadj.准确的；确切的表示

clearandaccurateridiculousadj.荒谬的，荒唐的表示

verysillyorunreasonable，相当于

absurd,silly等rigidadj.死板的，僵硬的表示

verystrictanddifficulttochange，相当于

inflexiblerespectiveadj.分别的，各自的表示

belongingorrelatingseparatelytoeachofthe

peopleorthingsalreadymentionedspatialadj.空间的表示

relatingtospaceandtheposition,size,shape,

etc.ofthingsinitsubsequentadj.随后的；后来的反义词

previoussubstantialadj.大量的，价值巨大的，重大的表示

largeinamount,valueorimportance，相当于considerable,significantskepticaladj.怀疑的表示havingdoubtsaboutsth.，相当于

suspicious,doubtful等sufficientadj.足够的，充足的相当于enough,adequatesuspiciousadj.怀疑的表示

feelingthatsomethingiswrongorillegal

withoutproof，相当于

doubtful

等tentativeadj.踌躇的，犹豫不定的，不果断的表示

notbehavingordonewithconfidence，相当于hesitanttemporaryadj.暂时的表示

lastingforashorttime，相当于

impermanenttransparentadj.透明的；显而易见的表示

allowingyoutoseethroughit

或

allo