2026年CATTI二级笔译实务模拟试题

2026年CATTI二级笔译实务模拟试题第一部分英译汉请将下列两篇英语短文翻译成汉语。每篇短文25分，共50分。Passage1Globalrenewableenergyemploymenthit14.8millionjobsin2024,a7.8%increasefromthe13.7millionpostsrecordedin2023,accordingtothe2025editionofRenewableEnergyandJobs:AnnualReviewpublishedbytheInternationalRenewableEnergyAgency(IRENA)inAbuDhabion12March2025.Thesolarphotovoltaic(PV)sectorremainedthelargestemployer,accountingfor4.9millionjobs,ornearlyone-thirdofthetotalglobalrenewableenergyworkforce,asfallingmodulepricesandpolicyincentivesinover150countriesspurredrecordannualinstallationsof520gigawattsofnewsolarcapacityworldwide.Windpowerrankedsecond,supporting1.6millionjobsacrossonshoreandoffshoresupplychains,followedbyhydropowerat1.5millionjobs,andbioenergyat1.3millionjobs,withthefast-growingelectricvehiclebatteryandgreenhydrogensectorsadding1.2millionnewjobscombinedin2024alone.

Chinaretaineditspositionastheleadingglobalemployerinrenewables,with6.1millionjobsin2024,representing41%oftheglobaltotal,drivenbyitsdominantpositionacrosssolarPV,windpower,electricvehicle(EV)batterymanufacturingandhydropowervaluechains.Thereportnotesthatnearly60%ofthesejobsarelocatedininlandprovincessuchasGansu,SichuanandInnerMongolia,wherelarge-scalerenewableenergybaseshavecreatednewemploymentpathwaysforformerworkersinfossilfuelindustriesandrurallaborers,withpercapitaannualincomefromrelevantpositionsreachingRMB68,000,32%higherthanthelocalaverageforsecondarysectoremployment.OthermajoremployersincludetheEuropeanUnionwith1.7millionjobs,Brazilwith1.3million,theUnitedStateswith1.1million,andIndiawith1.0million,withIndiarecordingthefastestjobgrowthrateof16.2%in2024duetoitsmassiverooftopsolardeploymentprogram.

However,thereportflagsemergingstructuralchallengesfacingthesector:aglobalskillsgapisprojectedtoleave1.9millionrenewableenergypositionsunfilledby2027ifcurrentvocationaltrainingsystemsarenotupgraded,whilesupplychainconcentrationincriticalmineralprocessingandcorecomponentmanufacturingcreatespotentialvulnerabilitiesforenergytransitioneffortsinlow-incomecountries.Forexample,thereportestimatesthatsub-SaharanAfricawillrequire430,000trainedsolarinstallationandmaintenanceworkersby2030toachieveitsuniversalenergyaccesstargets,butcurrentregionaltrainingprogramsareonlyproducing12,000qualifiedworkersannually,creatingagapthatrisksdelayingenergyaccessfor280millionpeoplecurrentlywithoutreliableelectricity.Thereportalsonotesthatwhilerenewableenergyjobsonaveragepay12%morethancomparablepositionsinfossilfuelindustries,informalemploymentaccountsfor38%oftheglobalrenewableenergyworkforce,particularlyinsmall-scaleoff-gridsolarinstallationandbiomasssupplychains,leavingmanyworkerswithoutaccesstosocialsecurity,occupationalsafetyprotectionsandfairwageguarantees.Theagencycallsfortargetedpublicinvestmentinskillsdevelopmentprograms,gender-inclusivehiringpolicies(womencurrentlyholdonly21%ofrenewableenergyjobsglobally,comparedto28%inthetraditionalfossilfuelsector),andregionalindustrialcooperationtoensurethatthejobcreationbenefitsoftheenergytransitionaresharedequitablyacrossallincomegroupsandregions.

Passage2Citiesoccupyjust3%oftheEarth’slandsurface,yettheyarehometo56%oftheglobalpopulation,generate70%ofglobalcarbonemissions,andfacedisproportionaterisksfromheatwaves,floodingandbiodiversitylosslinkedtoclimatechange.A2025reportfromUN-Habitat,launchedinconjunctionwiththeNairobiSummitonUrbanNature,estimatesthatintegratingnature-basedsolutions(NBS)intourbaninfrastructureplanningcouldreduceurbanheatislandeffectsby2-4degreesCelsiusindenseresidentialareas,cutstormwaterrunoffby30-50%duringextremerainfallevents,andreducepublichealthcostsrelatedtoairpollutionandheatstressbyanaverageof$245perresidentannually.Thereportalsofindsthatcitieswith30%ormoretreecanopycoveracrossresidentialareasrecorda21%lowerrateofadultmentalhealthdiagnosesrelatedtoanxietyandchronicstress,withassociatedproductivitygainsestimatedat$370perresidenteachyear.

Thereporthighlightspersistentinequitiesinaccesstourbangreenspace:in83%ofcitiessurveyedacross62countries,low-incomeneighborhoodshave37%lesstreecanopycoverand48%lessaccessiblepublicparkspacethanhigh-incomeneighborhoodswithinthesamemetropolitanarea,leadingtoa2.5°Caveragetemperaturedifferencebetweenadjacentneighborhoodsduringsummerheatwaves.InNairobi,forexample,informalsettlementareashavejust0.6squaremetersofpublicgreenspaceperresident,farbelowtheWHOrecommendedstandardof9squaremeterspercapita,whileaffluentresidentialareashave17.3squaremetersperresident.Thegapissimilarlywideinmanyhigh-incomecities:inNewYorkCity,publichousingdevelopmentshave52%lessnearbytreecoverthanowner-occupiedneighborhoodsinthesameborough,leadingtoa30%higherrateofheat-relatedemergencyroomvisitsforpublichousingresidentsduringsummerheatevents.

CasestudiesfromcitiesacrossincomelevelsdemonstratethattargetedNBSinterventionscandeliverrapid,measurablebenefits:Singapore’s15-yearverticalgreeningprogramhascoveredover320hectaresofbuildingfacadeswithnativevegetation,reducingbuildingenergyuseforcoolingby12-18%whilesupportingover130nativebirdandbutterflyspecies;Medellin’snetworkof36“greencorridors”plantedalongmajortransportrouteshasreducedaveragecorridortemperaturesby4°Candcutassociatedrespiratoryhealthadmissionsby24%since2018.Thereportemphasizesthatsuccessfulurbannaturegovernancerequiresbindingequitytargetstoensurethatnewgreeninvestmentsareprioritizedinhistoricallyunderservedcommunities,ratherthandrivinggentrificationthatdisplaceslong-termlow-incomeresidents.Acommonpitfalldocumentedin27%ofthecitiesstudiedis“greengentrification”,wherenewparkandgreenspaceinvestmentsdriveupnearbypropertyvaluesandrentsbyanaverageof22%withinfiveyearsofcompletion,displacing15-30%oflong-termlow-incomeresidentswhoweremeanttobenefitfromtheimprovedpublicamenities.Toavoidthisoutcome,thereportrecommendspairinggreeninfrastructureinvestmentswithaffordablehousingprotections,localhiringrequirementsforconstructionandmaintenanceroles,andparticipatoryplanningprocessesthatgiveresidentcommunitiesfinaldecision-makingpoweroverthedesign,locationandmanagementofnewurbangreenspaces.Forinstance,inPortland,Oregon,a2019cityordinancerequiresthat80%ofnewgreeninfrastructurefundsbespentinneighborhoodswithamedianincomebelow80%ofthemetropolitanaverage,andthatallnewparkswithin500metersofaffordablehousingcomplexesreservespaceforcommunityfoodgrowing,culturaleventprogrammingandfreeyouthrecreationactivities,withlocalresidentadvisoryboardscontrolling50%ofthepark’sannualprogrammingbudget.Inthefiveyearssincethepolicywasimplemented,neighborhooddisplacementrateswithin1kilometerofnewgreenspacesdroppedfrom28%to7%,whileresidentsatisfactionwithlocalpublicservicesroseby41%.

第二部分汉译英请将下列两篇汉语短文翻译成英语。每篇短文25分，共50分。第一篇自2021年1月长江流域重点水域正式启动十年禁渔以来，沿江各省市始终坚持“共抓大保护、不搞大开发”的战略导向，把水生生物多样性恢复作为核心目标，统筹推进退捕安置、执法监管、种群恢复、生态监测等重点工作，取得了超出预期的阶段性成效。农业农村部2025年4月发布的长江流域水生生物资源监测公报显示，2024年长江流域重点水域鱼类资源量较2020年禁渔启动时增长89.4%，曾一度濒临灭绝的长江江豚种群数量回升至1342头，较2017年科考数据增长32.6%，其中鄱阳湖、洞庭湖等核心水域江豚出现频次较2020年提升近2倍，四大家鱼、刀鲚等传统经济鱼类的捕捞监测资源量较2020年增长1.3倍，多年未见的鳤鱼、胭脂鱼等珍稀物种也在多个监测点位重新出现。

民生保障是禁渔工作的核心底线。截至2024年底，沿江10省市累计完成16.78万名退捕渔民的转产安置工作，退捕渔民基本养老保险、基本医疗保险参保率均达到100%，其中超过3.2万名退捕渔民受聘成为长江生态管护员，在家门口实现稳定就业；各地累计开展退捕渔民职业技能培训21.3万人次，帮助近7万名退捕渔民进入水产加工、生态旅游、特色种植等产业就业，退捕渔民人均可支配收入较2020年增长47.2%，达到2.86万元，超过同期沿江农村居民人均可支配收入平均增速6.8个百分点。在执法监管层面，沿江各地已建成覆盖长江干流、主要支流和重点湖泊的“空天地人”一体化监控网络，配备高清视频监控点1.2万个、无人机巡航线路370条、执法船舶2100余艘，结合群众举报奖励机制，非法捕捞案件高发态势得到根本扭转，2024年长江流域非法捕捞刑事案件发案数较2020年下降82.3%。

在生态修复层面，各地累计在长江流域投放珍稀濒危特有鱼类苗种超过12亿尾，完成水生生物栖息地修复面积127万亩，包括中华鲟、长江鲟在内的多种珍稀物种野外种群出现频率持续提升。需要注意的是，目前长江流域水生生物完整性指数仍处于“较差”等级，部分水域仍存在外来物种入侵、岸线生态功能退化、面源污染输入等问题，水生态系统的结构和功能恢复到健康水平是一个长期、渐进的过程，不可能一蹴而就。下一步各地将持续完善跨区域、跨部门联合执法机制，保持对非法捕捞行为的高压震慑，科学开展珍稀濒危物种增殖放流和栖息地修复工作，确保十年禁渔目标如期实现，为全球大河流域生态治理提供可借鉴的实践经验。第二篇制造业是实体经济的根基，技能人才是支撑中国制造、中国创造的重要核心力量。截至2025年底，我国技能人才总量达到2.3亿人，其中高技能人才超过7000万人，占技能人才总量的30.4%，较2020年提升8.7个百分点，为制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化转型提供了坚实的人力支撑。近年来，人力资源社会保障部联合工业和信息化部、教育部等部门先后