2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题及详细参考答案

2026年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题及详细参考答案考试说明1.本试卷分为试题和答题卡两部分，考试时间180分钟，满分100分。2.答题前，考生务必将姓名、考生编号等信息填写在指定位置。3.所有答案均需写在答题卡指定区域，写在本试卷上无效。SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Fordecades,researchershaveexploredthelinkbetweendailywalkingandlong-termphysicalandmentalhealth.Moderatewalking,1doneconsistently,iswidelyregardedasoneofthemostaccessibleformsofexerciseforpeopleofallages.Unlikehigh-intensityworkoutsthatrequireprofessionalguidanceorspecializedequipment,walkingdemandslittle2andcanbeintegratedintodailyroutineseffortlessly.Arecentlongitudinalstudytrackedover15,000middle-agedandelderlyadultsfortenyears,3theirdailyactivitylevelsandhealthoutcomes.Thefindingsconfirmedthatregulardailywalkingwasstrongly4withalowerriskofcardiovasculardiseases,diabetesandage-relatedcognitivedecline.Participantswhowalked6,000to8,000stepsdailyshowed5bettermetabolichealththanthosewhoremainedsedentary.Whatmakeswalkinguniquelybeneficialisits6impactonbothbodyandmind.Physicalmovementboostsbloodcirculationandstrengthenstheimmunesystem,7therhythmicnatureofwalkinghelpsreducestressandanxiety.Manypeoplereportthatshortdailywalkscanclearmentalclutterandimprovefocus,8productivityinworkandstudy.Expertsemphasizethatthe9ofwalkingliesinpersistenceratherthanintensity.Occasionallongwalksbringlimitedbenefits,whilesteady,dailywalkingcreates10physiologicalchangesovertime.Theyalsoremindthepublicthatover-walking,especiallyforpeoplewithjointproblems,mayleadtophysicalstrain,somoderateandregularpracticeis11.Modernlifestyleshavemadesedentarybehavior12,asmostpeoplespendhourssittingatdesksorstaringatscreens.Inthiscontext,walkinghasbecomeasimpleyetpowerful13tooffsetthenegativeeffectsofinactivity.Itrequiresnofinancialinvestment,nofixedvenueandnostricttimeschedule,makingit14tonearlyeveryone.Inconclusion,dailywalkingisalow-cost,high-efficiencyhealthintervention.Itisnotmerelyaformofphysicalexercise,butasustainablelifestylehabitthat15long-termwell-being.1.[A]if[B]though[C]unless[D]once2.[A]effort[B]skill[C]cost[D]risk3.[A]assessing[B]monitoring[C]predicting[D]adjusting4.[A]equipped[B]associated[C]satisfied[D]concerned5.[A]significantly[B]occasionally[C]merely[D]scarcely6.[A]exclusive[B]simultaneous[C]temporary[D]gradual7.[A]while[B]since[C]so[D]or8.[A]inhibiting[B]maintaining[C]enhancing[D]restoring9.[A]principle[B]advantage[C]challenge[D]priority10.[A]visible[B]marginal[C]flexible[D]durable11.[A]feasible[B]essential[C]optional[D]sufficient12.[A]inevitable[B]uncommon[C]prevalent[D]stable13.[A]remedy[B]alternative[C]supplement[D]substitute14.[A]adaptable[B]affordable[C]accessible[D]acceptable15.[A]contributesto[B]respondsto[C]subscribesto[D]adaptsto完形填空详细答案及解析1.【答案】A【解析】逻辑关系题。本句意为：适度步行，如果坚持进行，是各年龄段人群最易实现的运动方式。if引导条件状语从句，符合语境；though表让步，unless表除非，once表一旦，均不符合句意。2.【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。前文对比高强度运动需要专业指导和特殊器械，步行几乎不需要技巧。skill（技巧、技能）符合语境；effort（努力）、cost（成本）、risk（风险）与前文对比逻辑不符。3.【答案】B【解析】动词辨析题。研究追踪上万名受试者十年，监测他们的日常活动水平和健康状况。monitor（持续监测、跟踪）贴合纵向研究的特点；assess（评估）、predict（预测）、adjust（调整）不符合实验研究流程。4.【答案】B【解析】固定搭配题。beassociatedwith为固定搭配，意为“与……相关联”。句意：规律步行与心血管疾病、糖尿病和认知衰退风险降低密切相关。equip（配备）、satisfy（满足）、concern（关心）无此搭配。5.【答案】A【解析】副词辨析题。每日步行6000至8000步的受试者，代谢健康状况显著优于久坐人群。significantly（显著地）符合实验结果对比逻辑；occasionally（偶尔）、merely（仅仅）、scarcely（几乎不）语义相悖。6.【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。步行的独特优势是能同时对身心产生积极作用。simultaneous（同时的）对应后文身体和心理的双重益处；exclusive（专属的）、temporary（暂时的）、gradual（逐渐的）不符合语境。7.【答案】A【解析】逻辑关系题。前半句讲运动促进血液循环、增强免疫，后半句讲步行的节律性缓解压力，前后为并列对比关系，while可连接并列分句，表“同时”；since表原因，so表结果，or表选择，均不适用。8.【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。散步理清思绪、缓解疲惫，从而提升工作学习效率。enhance（提升、增强）符合语义；inhibit（抑制）、maintain（维持）、restore（恢复）与语境不符。9.【答案】B【解析】名词辨析题。专家指出步行的优势在于坚持而非强度。advantage（优势、益处）贴合全文核心话题；principle（原则）、challenge（挑战）、priority（优先级）语义不符。10.【答案】D【解析】形容词辨析题。长期规律步行会形成持久的生理改善。durable（持久的、长效的）对应长期坚持的效果；visible（可见的）、marginal（微小的）、flexible（灵活的）不符合语境。11.【答案】B【解析】形容词辨析题。过度步行易造成身体劳损，因此适度规律的运动是至关重要的。essential（必要的、至关重要的）符合专家建议的语气；feasible（可行的）、optional（可选的）、sufficient（充足的）语义偏弱。12.【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。现代生活中久坐行为十分普遍。prevalent（普遍的、盛行的）贴合现实情况；inevitable（不可避免的）、uncommon（罕见的）、stable（稳定的）不符合句意。13.【答案】A【解析】名词辨析题。步行是弥补久坐不动带来负面影响的有效方式、补救手段。remedy（补救方法、疗法）侧重改善不良状态；alternative（替代方案）、supplement（补充）、substitute（替代品）不符合搭配逻辑。14.【答案】C【解析】形容词辨析题。步行无需花费、无场地时间限制，几乎所有人都可以实现、能够参与。accessible（可获得的、可参与的）呼应首段accessibleformsofexercise；adaptable（适应性强的）、affordable（负担得起的）、acceptable（可接受的）片面。15.【答案】A【解析】短语辨析题。规律步行是可持续的生活习惯，有助于长期身心健康。contributeto（有助于、促成）符合全文主旨；respondto（回应）、subscribeto（订阅、赞同）、adaptto（适应）语义不符。SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Urbanpubliclibrarieshavelongbeenviewedastraditionalrepositoriesofbooksandprintedmaterials.Inthedigitalage,however,theseculturalinstitutionsareundergoingaquietbutprofoundtransformation.Facingtherapidpopularizationofe-booksandonlinereadingplatforms,manypubliclibrariesarenolongerconfinedtothesinglefunctionofbooklendingandreading.Overthepastdecade,majorurbanlibrariesacrossthecountryhaveadjustedtheirservicemodels.Theyhavereducedtheproportionofpaperbookstoragespaceandexpandedfunctionalareasforpublicculturalactivities,skilltrainingandcommunitycommunication.Modernlibrariesnowregularlyhostlecturesalons,readingsharingsessions,handicraftworkshopsanddigitalliteracycourses,servingpeopleofdifferentagegroupsandsocialbackgrounds.Libraryadministratorspointoutthatthecorevalueofpubliclibrariesliesinprovidinginclusivepublicculturalservices,ratherthansimplypreservingbooks.Unlikecommercialreadingplatformsthatpursueprofitandtargetspecificusergroups,publiclibrariesadheretopublicwelfareattributes,providingfreeandequalculturalresourcesforallcitizens.Forelderlyresidentsunfamiliarwithdigitaldevices,librariesofferfreedigitaltraining;forteenagers,theyprovidequietreadingspacesandextracurricularlearningresources;formigrantworkers,theyopenvocationalskilltrainingcoursestohelpthemimprovetheircompetitiveness.Criticsarguethatthetransformationoflibrarieshasweakenedtheiroriginalreadingfunction.Theyclaimthattoomanyculturalactivitieshaveoccupiedreadingspaceanddisruptedthequietreadingatmosphere.However,practitionersbelievethatthediversificationofservicesispreciselythewayforlibrariestoadapttosocialchanges.Inanerawherereadingchannelsareextremelydiverse,simplyretainingalargenumberofpaperbookscannotattractyoungpeople.Onlybyenrichingservicecontentcanlibrariesregainpublicattentionandfulfilltheirpublicculturalresponsibilities.Datashowsthatthepassengerflowofurbanpubliclibrarieshasincreasedsteadilyinrecentyears,andtheuseragestructurehasbecomemorebalanced.Morecitizensarewillingtoenterlibrariestoparticipateinculturalactivitiesandreceivepublicservices.Thisfullyprovesthatthediversifiedtransformationofpubliclibrariesisinlinewithpublicdemandandsocialdevelopmenttrends.21.Traditionalpubliclibrariesaremainlyknownfor______.[A]providingskilltrainingcourses[B]storingandlendingprintedbooks[C]organizingculturalsalons[D]offeringdigitalreadingresources22.Modernpubliclibrarieshavechangedby______.[A]abandoningpaperbookcollections[B]focusingonprofit-makingservices[C]expandingdiversifiedpublicservices[D]limitingtheaccessofyoungreaders23.Accordingtolibraryadministrators,thecorevalueofpubliclibrariesis______.[A]maintainingaquietreadingenvironment[B]providinginclusivepublicculturalservices[C]competingwithcommercialreadingplatforms[D]collectingandpreservingrarebooks24.Criticsworrythatlibrarytransformationwill______.[A]reducelibrarypassengerflow[B]weakenthebasicreadingfunction[C]raisetheoperatingcostoflibraries[D]makedigitaltrainingunavailable25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardslibrarytransformationis______.[A]supportive[B]doubtful[C]critical[D]uncertainText1答案及详细解析21.【答案】B【解析】细节题。根据文章首段第一句“Urbanpubliclibrarieshavelongbeenviewedastraditionalrepositoriesofbooksandprintedmaterials”可知，传统图书馆的核心功能是储存、借阅纸质书籍。ACD均为现代图书馆新增服务，不属于传统功能。22.【答案】C【解析】细节题。第二段明确指出现代图书馆缩减纸质书存储空间，拓展文化活动、技能培训、社区交流等多元功能，开展各类公益活动。A项“放弃纸质藏书”过度绝对；B项“盈利服务”与图书馆公益属性相悖；D项“限制青少年读者”无依据。23.【答案】B【解析】细节题。第三段首句直接点明“thecorevalueofpubliclibrariesliesinprovidinginclusivepublicculturalservices”，图书馆核心价值是提供普惠的公共文化服务。ACD均非管理员表述的核心价值。24.【答案】B【解析】细节题。第四段首句“Criticsarguethatthetransformationoflibrarieshasweakenedtheiroriginalreadingfunction”明确说明批评者的担忧：转型削弱了图书馆原本的阅读功能。其余选项均无原文依据。25.【答案】A【解析】态度题。文末作者用数据证明图书馆客流稳步增长、用户结构均衡，且明确指出多元化转型符合公众需求和社会发展趋势，由此可见作者持支持态度。Text2Therapiddevelopmentofagriculturaltechnologyhasgreatlyimprovedglobalfoodproductionoverthepasthalfcentury.High-yieldcropvarieties,standardizedplantingtechniquesandintelligentagriculturalequipmenthaveeffectivelysolvedthefoodshortageprobleminmostregions.However,thepursuitofhighyieldalonehasalsobroughthiddentroublestoecologicalenvironmentandsustainableagriculturaldevelopment.Traditionalintensiveagriculturereliesheavilyonchemicalfertilizersandpesticidestoensurecropoutput.Long-termexcessiveuseofchemicalproductsleadstosoilcompaction,soildegradationandwaterpollution,damagingtheecologicalbalanceoffarmland.Inaddition,singlecropplantingpatternsadoptedbylarge-scalefarmsreducebiodiversityandmakecropsmorevulnerabletopestsandclimatechanges.Inrecentyears,ecologicalagriculturehasgraduallybecomeanewdevelopmenttrend.Differentfromtraditionalintensiveagriculture,ecologicalagriculturefocusesoncoordinateddevelopmentofcropproductionandecologicalprotection.Itadoptsgreenplantingmethodssuchasorganicfertilization,croprotationandbiologicalpestcontrol,reducingtheuseofchemicalproducts.Ecologicalagriculturealsoemphasizesdiversifiedplantingandbreedingmodes.Mixedplantingofdifferentcropscanimprovesoilfertility,inhibitpestreproductionandreduceplantingrisks.Althoughtheshort-termyieldofecologicalagricultureisslightlylowerthanthatoftraditionalagriculture,itcanmaintainstablelandproductivityforalongtimeandavoidecologicaldamagecausedbyover-exploitation.Manyfarmersarereluctanttoswitchtoecologicalagricultureduetoconcernsaboutshort-termincomereduction.Topromotethepopularizationofecologicalagriculture,localgovernmentshaveintroducedsupportingpolicies,includingecologicalsubsidies,technicalguidanceandmarketdockingservices.Withpolicysupportandmarketdemandforgreenagriculturalproductsrising,ecologicalagricultureisgraduallygainingrecognitionamongfarmersandconsumers.Agriculturalexpertsbelievethatecologicalagricultureisnotaregressionofagriculturaldevelopment,butanupgradeoftraditionalplantingmodes.Itbalanceseconomicbenefitsandecologicalprotection,whichistheinevitabledirectionofmodernsustainableagriculture.26.Thedownsideoftraditionalintensiveagricultureis______.[A]lowcropyield[B]damagetofarmlandecology[C]complexoperatingprocedures[D]highlaborcost27.Whichofthefollowingisafeatureofecologicalagriculture?[A]Heavyuseofchemicalfertilizers[B]Singlecropplantingmode[C]Greenandenvironmentallyfriendlyplantingmethods[D]Blindpursuitofshort-termhighyield28.Farmersresistecologicalagriculturemainlybecauseof______.[A]insufficientpolicysupport[B]fearoflowershort-termincome[C]lackofmarketdemand[D]complicatedplantingtechniques29.Expertsholdthatecologicalagricultureis______.[A]abackwardplantingmode[B]asustainableagriculturalupgrade[C]totallyunprofitableinthelongrun[D]unsuitableforlarge-scalepromotion30.Thetextmainlytalksabout______.[A]theproblemsofglobalfoodshortage[B]theadvantagesanddevelopmentofecologicalagriculture[C]thehistoryofagriculturaltechnologyinnovation[D]thepoliciesofagriculturalindustrializationText2答案及详细解析26.【答案】B【解析】细节题。第二段明确说明传统集约化农业长期过度使用化肥农药，造成土壤板结、退化、水污染，破坏农田生态平衡。A项低产量与原文相悖；CD两项原文未提及。27.【答案】C【解析】细节题。第三段指出生态农业采用有机肥、轮作、生物防虫等绿色种植方式，减少化学品使用。ABD均为传统农业特征。28.【答案】B【解析】细节题。第五段首句说明农民不愿转型的核心原因：担心短期收入减少。政府已有政策扶持、市场需求上升，故AC错误；D项技术复杂并非主要原因。29.【答案】B【解析】细节题。末段专家观点明确：生态农业不是倒退，而是传统种植模式的升级，是可持续农业的必然方向。ACD与原文语义完全相反。30.【答案】B【解析】主旨题。文章先指出传统农业的生态弊端，再介绍生态农业的特点、优势、推广困境及政策扶持，核心围绕生态农业的优势与发展展开。ACD均为局部细节，无法概括全文。Text3Incontemporarysociety,manyyoungpeoplechoosetodelaylong-termlifedecisions,includingmarriage,childbirthandcareersettlement.Thisphenomenon,oftenreferredtoas“delayedadulthood”,hastriggeredwidespreadsocialdiscussion.Differentfrompreviousgenerationswhotendedtocompletelife-stagetransitionsatanearlyage,modernyoungpeopleprefertospendmoretimeexploringpersonaldevelopmentbeforesettlingdown.Economicpressureisthemostdirectfactorleadingtodelayedadulthood.Risinglivingcosts,housingpricesandemploymentcompetitionmakeyoungpeopleunabletobeartheeconomicburdenoffamilyestablishmentinashorttime.Manyyoungpeopleneedtoaccumulateworkexperienceandeconomicfoundationsteadilytocopewithfutureliferisks.Besideseconomicfactors,theimprovementofpersonaleducationlevelalsochangesyoungpeople’sliferhythm.Modernyouthgenerallyreceivelonger-termeducation,whichextendstheirstudentidentityanddelaysthetimeofenteringtheworkplaceandindependentlife.Moreover,youngpeopletodaypaymoreattentiontoself-growthandlifequality.Theyareunwillingtofollowthetraditionallifetrajectoryblindly,hopingtopursuecareerrealizationandpersonalfreedombeforetakingonfamilyresponsibilities.Somepeoplecriticizedelayedadulthoodasasignofsociallazinessandresponsibilityavoidance.Theybelievethatyoungpeopleevadefamilyandsocialobligationsbydelayinglifeplans.However,thisviewignoresthechangesofsocialenvironmentandyouthsurvivalstatus.Inarapidlydevelopingsociety,lifecompetitionisfiercerandlifechoicesaremorediverse.Delayedadulthoodisessentiallyarationalchoiceforyoungpeopletoadapttosocialchanges,ratherthanpassiveevasion.Moderatedelayoflifeplanningisconducivetopersonallong-termdevelopment.Itallowsyoungpeopletofullyaccumulatecapabilities,clarifylifegoalsandmakemorematuredecisions.Nevertheless,excessivedelaywillalsoleadtounstablelifestatusandlackofsenseofresponsibility.Therefore,youngpeopleneedtobalancepersonalexplorationandsocialresponsibilitytoformapositiveandstablelifeattitude.31.“Delayedadulthood”referstothephenomenonthatyoungpeople______.[A]refusetoreceivehighereducation[B]postponemajorlifedecisions[C]giveuppersonalcareerexploration[D]followtraditionalliferulesblindly32.Themaineconomicreasonfordelayedadulthoodis______.[A]insufficientsocialemploymentpositions[B]lowsocialeducationlevel[C]highlivingpressureandfiercecompetition[D]unreasonablefamilyburdendistribution33.Modernyoungpeopledelaylifeplanspartlybecausethey______.[A]valueself-growthandlifequality[B]dislikesocialcompetition[C]wanttorelyontheirfamiliespermanently[D]lackbasiclifecapabilities34.Theauthorconsidersdelayedadulthoodtobe______.[A]pureirresponsibleevasion[B]areasonableadaptationtosocialchanges[C]acompletelynegativesocialphenomenon[D]auselesstrendworthbanning35.Theauthorsuggestsyoungpeopleshould______.[A]makelifeplansasearlyaspossible[B]prioritizepersonalfreedomovereverything[C]balanceself-explorationandresponsibility[D]refusetotakefamilyresponsibilitiestemporarilyText3答案及详细解析31.【答案】B【解析】词义指代题。首段明确解释“delayedadulthood”即年轻人推迟婚姻、生育、职业稳定等长期人生重大决策。ACD均与原文表述相悖。32.【答案】C【解析】细节题。第二段指出经济压力是核心原因：生活成本、房价上涨、就业竞争激烈，导致年轻人难以承担家庭负担。ABD原文无对应信息。33.【答案】A【解析】细节题。第三段明确说明年轻人重视自我成长和生活质量，不愿盲从传统人生轨迹，选择先实现自我再承担家庭责任。BCD均为错误推断。34.【答案】B【解析】态度细节题。第四段作者明确反驳“逃避责任”的观点，指出成年延迟是年轻人适应社会变化的理性选择，而非被动逃避。ACD均为负面错误评价。35.【答案】C【解析】细节题。末段作者给出建议：年轻人需平衡自我探索与社会责任，树立积极稳定的人生态度。A项过早规划、B项优先个人自由、D项暂时拒担责任均不符合作者观点。Text4Corporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)hasbecomeanindispensablepartofmodernenterpriseoperation.Inthepast,mostenterprisestookprofitmaximizationastheironlydevelopmentgoal,ignoringsocialandenvironmentalimpacts.Withtheimprovementofsocialcivilization,thepublichashigherrequirementsforcorporatebehavior,urgingenterprisestoassumecorrespondingsocialresponsibilitieswhilepursuingeconomicbenefits.Corporatesocialresponsibilitycoversmultipledimensions,includingenvironmentalprotection,publicwelfare,employeerightsprotectionandindustryself-discipline.Environmentallyresponsibleenterpriseswilltaketheinitiativetoreducepollutantemissions,promotegreenproductionandsaveresources.Intermsofpublicwelfare,excellententerprisesactivelyparticipateinpovertyalleviation,educationassistanceanddisasterreliefactivitiestofeedbacksociety.Meanwhile,standardizedenterprisespayattentiontoprotectingemployees’legitimaterightsandinterests,providingsafeworkingenvironmentsandreasonablewelfareguarantees.ManypeoplemistakenlybelievethatCSRwillincreaseoperatingcostsandreducecorporateprofits.Infact,activesocialresponsibilitycanbringlong-termvaluetoenterprises.Ontheonehand,CSRhelpsshapeagoodcorporateimageandenhancepublictrust,whichisconducivetoexpandingmarketshareandaccumulatingbrandreputation.Ontheotherhand,responsiblecorporateculturecanimproveemployeecohesionandworkenthusiasm,optimizinginternaloperationefficiency.Enterprisesthatlacksocialresponsibilityoftenfacepotentialoperationalrisks.Illegalpollution,unfairemployeetreatmentanddishonestbusinessbehaviorswillnotonlydamagecorporatereputation,butalsoleadtoregulatorypenaltiesandmarketboycott.Inthelongrun,suchenterprisesaredifficulttomaintainsustainabledevelopment.Atpresent,moreandmoreenterpriseshaverealizedtheimportanceofCSRandincorporateditintotheirstrategicdevelopmentplans.Theintegrationofeconomicbenefits,socialresponsibilityandenvironmentalprotectionhasbecomethemainstreamdirectionofmoderncorporatedevelopment.36.Traditionalenterprises’maindevelopmentgoalis______.[A]assumingsocialresponsibility[B]maximizingeconomicprofits[C]protectingecologicalenvironment[D]promotingpublicwelfare37.Whichofthefollowingbelongstocorporatesocialresponsibility?[A]Reducingemployeewelfare[B]Conductinggreenproduction[C]Expandingmarketscaleblindly[D]Ignoringpollutantemissions38.People’smisunderstandingofCSRisthatit______.[A]raisescorporateoperatingcosts[B]improvesbrandreputation[C]enhancesemployeecohesion[D]optimizesoperationefficiency39.LackofCSRwillleadto______.[A]stablelong-termdevelopment[B]improvedpublictrust[C]operationalrisksandpenalties[D]expandedmarketinfluence40.Thetextmainlyarguesthat______.[A]enterprisesshouldprioritizeprofitgrowth[B]CSRbringslong-termvaluetoenterprises[C]socialresponsibilityisoptionalforenterprises[D]corporateoperationhasnosocialimpactText4答案及详细解析36.【答案】B【解析】细节题。首段第二句明确指出，过去多数企业将利润最大化作为唯一发展目标，忽视社会和环境责任。ACD均为现代企业的发展要求，非传统企业目标。37.【答案】B【解析】细节题。第二段说明企业社会责任包含环保、公益、员工权益保护等，绿色生产属于环保责任范畴。ACD均为不负责任的企业行为。38.【答案】A【解析】细节题。第三段首句指出大众的误区：认为企业社会责任会增加运营成本、降低利润。BCD均为承担社会责任的正面积极作用，并非误解。39.【答案】C【解析】细节题。第四段明确说明缺乏社会责任的企业会面临声誉受损、监管处罚、市场抵制等运营风险，难以持续发展。ABD均为正面结果，与题意相反。40.【答案】B【解析】主旨题。文章先介绍企业社会责任的内涵，纠正大众认知误区，重点阐述承担社会责任能为企业带来品牌、团队、发展等长期价值，说明其是企业发展的主流趋势。ACD观点均与原文相悖。PartBDirections:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)HowtoDevelopEffectiveReadingHabitsReadingisoneofthemostefficientwaysofself-improvement,yetmanypeoplefailtosticktoregularreading.Theyoftencomplainaboutlackingtime,feelingdistractedorforgettingreadingcontentquickly.Infact,effectivereadingdependsonscientifichabitsratherthanwillpoweralone.41.________Thefirststepistosetclearandfeasiblereadinggoals.Manypeoplegiveupreadingbecausetheysetoverlyambitiousgoals,suchasfinishingathickbookwithinaweek.Unrealisticgoalsbringpressureandfrustration,makingpeopleabandonreadingplans.42.________Small,achievablegoalshelpmaintainreadingmotivationandformsteadyhabits.43.________Manypeoplereadrandomlyinfragmentedtime,whichmakesithardtoformconcentration.Fixedreadingtimeandreadingspacecanhelpthebrainformconditionedreflexes.Whenitcomestothescheduledtime,peoplewillnaturallyenterthereadingstateandimprovereadingefficiency.Inaddition,activereadingisessentialforknowledgeabsorption.Passivereading,simplyscanningwords,leaveslittleimpressiononreaders.44.________Takingnotes,markingkeypointsandthinkingactivelyduringreadingcandeepenunderstandingandconsolidatememory.Finally,regularreviewandcommunicationimprovereadingquality.Readingwithoutreviewleadstorapidforgetting.Discussingreadinginsightswithotherscanalsobroadenthinkingandmakeupforpersonalcognitivelimitations.45.________Inshort,scientificreadinghabitsturnintermittentreadingintoalong-termlifestyle,bringingcontinuousgrowthtoindividuals.[A]Afixedreadingroutineisanotherkeytoeffectivereading.[B]Reasonablegoalsettingfocusesonlong-termpersistenceratherthanshort-termspeed.[C]Manyprofessionalbooksaretoodifficultforordinaryreaderstounderstand.[D]Activereadingrequiresreaderstointeractwiththetextconstantly.[E]Thesemethodstogetherhelpreadersmaximizethevalueofreading.[F]Readingspeedisthemostimportantstandardtomeasurereadingability.[G]Masteringseveralcorehabitscangreatlyimprovereadingeffectiveness.PartB答案及解析41.【答案】G【解析】首段结尾承上启下，前文说明有效阅读靠科学习惯而非意志力，后文分段介绍具体习惯。G项“掌握几个核心习惯能大幅提升阅读效率”衔接上下文，引出下文具体方法。42.【答案】B【解析】本段核心讲合理设定阅读目标，前文指出过高目标的弊端，后文说明小目标的优势。B项“合理目标设定重在长期坚持而非短期速度”贴合段落主旨，衔接前后语义。43.【答案】A【解析】本段主要讲述固定阅读时间和空间的重要性，属于阅读规律的养成。A项“固定的阅读节奏是高效阅读的另一关键”为本段中心句，统领全段内容。44.【答案】D【解析】本段主题为主动阅读的重要性，前文对比被动阅读的弊端，后文介绍主动阅读的具体做法。D项“主动阅读需要读者与文本持续互动”衔接前后，阐释主动阅读的内涵。45.【答案】E【解析】本段结尾总结复盘和交流的作用，E项“这些方法共同帮助读者最大化阅读价值”总结本段及前文所有阅读方法，收束段落内容。PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Humancuriosityisthefundamentaldrivingforceforscientificprogress.(46)Itistheendlessdesiretoexploretheunknownworldthatpusheshumanbeingstobreakthroughcognitiveboundariesandconstantlycreatenewscientificachievements.Fromancientastronomicalobservationtomodernspaceexploration,fromprimitivelifeexperiencetomodernbiologicaltechnology,everyscientificbreakthroughstemsfromhumancuriosityandpursuitoftruth.(47)Curiosityisnotblindcuriosity,butarationalexplorationbasedonobservationandthinking.Manypeoplearecuriousaboutvariousnaturalphenomena,butonlyafewcanturncuriosityintoscientificresearch.Thedifferenceliesinwhetherpeoplecancombinecuriositywithrigorouslogicalthinkingandpersistentpractice.(48)Intheeraofrapidtechnologicaliteration,curiosityhasbecomeanessentialqualityforscientificresearchers.Technologicalinnovationrequirespeopletodaretoquestionexistingtheoriesandexploreunchartedfields.Thosewhosticktoinherentexperienceandrefusetotrynewthingscanhardlymakeinnovativebreakthroughs.(49)Moreover,curiositycanmaintainpeople’senthusiasmforscientificresearchandhelpthemovercomedifficultiesintheprocessofexploration.Scientificresearchisneversmoothsailing.Itisfulloffailures,setbacksanduncertainties.Onlywithlastingcuriositycanresearcherspersistinlong-termscientificexploration.(50)Therefore,protectingandstimulatinghumancuriosityisnotonlyconducivetoindividualpersonalgrowth,butalsocrucialtothelong-termdevelopmentofscienceandsociety.PartC完整译文（标准阅卷版）46.正是人类对未知世界永无止境的探索欲望，推动着人类突破认知边界，不断创造新的科学成果。47.这种好奇心并非盲目猎奇，而是基于观察与思考的理性探索。48.在技术快速迭代的时代，好奇心已然成为科研工作者必备的核心素养。49.此外，好奇心能够维系人们对科研工作的热情，助力人们攻克探索过程中的各类难题。50.因此，保护并激发人类的好奇心，不仅有益于个人成长，对科学与社会的长远发展也至关重要。SectionIIIWritingPartADirections:SupposeyouareLiMing.Youruniversitywillholdareadingsharingactivity.Writeanotic