世纪商务英语外贸函电（第六版）课件 12 Complaints,Claims and Settlement

Complaints,ClaimsandSettlementProject12Part

1BasicKnowledgeConcernedPart

2Letter-writingGuidePart

3OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart

4SampleLettersPart

5PracticalTrainingComplaints,ClaimsandSettlementProject12Leading-inTasks

TrytofinishthefollowingtaskswiththehelpofAImodelsandpredicttheobjectivesandfocusofthisproject.Task1.假设你是美国海外贸易公司(OverseasTradingCo.Ltd.；Address：5325BoulSt.,SanFrancisco,CA94112,USA；Tel：001-415-587297；Fax：001-415-587297；E-mail：otcl@hotmail.com)的经理。最近，你公司与广东省土产进出口公司(GuangdongNativeProductImport&ExportCorporation；Address：108JiangnanAvenue,Guangzhou,China；TelE-mail：gdnp@163.com)达成了一项冬菇(driedmushroom)的进口合同，货到后经检验有两箱蘑菇潮湿发霉。结合合同履行过程中对方有延迟交货的现象，请你代表公司拟一封申诉函，提请对方关注此事并要求退换两箱有问题的冬菇。注意信中务必包含以下内容：Complaints,ClaimsandSettlementProject12Leading-inTasks1. 386号合同项下的冬菇前日抵达。很遗憾开箱后发现有两箱货品出现潮湿发霉现象。2. 经检验发现，货品发霉主要是由于包装不良引起的。随函附上相关照片及资深检验员的检验报告。3. 考虑到该货品已经不能销售，请贵公司尽快寄来两箱同质量蘑菇替换，以满足我方顾客的需求。4. 另外贵公司此批货物出现迟交现象，比合同规定的交货期晚了一个星期。我们觉得有必要提请你们注意，如果还是这样以后生意就没法做下去了。5. 希望贵公司能理解我们的处境，尽快替换问题货品并从现在起保证按期交货。Complaints,ClaimsandSettlementProject12Leading-inTasksTask2.再假设你是广东土产的出口部经理。接到信后，你们公司非常重视，对此事进行了深入的调查。调查结果表明是船公司的粗暴装卸所致。现在请代表你们公司拟一封回函，向对方说明情况，建议对方找船公司或者保险公司索赔。当然，还要对你们的延迟交货表示歉意。注意信中务必包含以下内容：Complaints,ClaimsandSettlementProject12Leading-inTasks1. 很遗憾从来函中得悉两箱冬菇潮湿发霉的情况，我们非常理解你们的心情。2. 经调查后发现，该批货物装船时状况良好且其包装是完好无损的。很显然是船公司在装运过程中的粗暴装卸导致了两箱冬菇的包装开裂以致进一步造成了冬菇的潮湿发霉。3. 建议你们尽快找船公司或者保险公司索赔，我们可以提供清洁提单的副本供你们佐证。4. 对迟交货一事深表歉意，我们以后一定注意，避免发生同样的事情。BasicKnowledgeConcernedPart11.ThePurposeofMakingComplaints

Thepartymakingcomplaintsaimsateithertheimprovementofcurrentproducts/servicesoftheirbusinesspartner,e.g.asupplieroracarrier,orthecompensationforthelossescausedbythewrongdoingsofthebusinesspartner.Sometimesthetwogoalsarecombinedwhenthepartyreceivingcomplaintsnotonlyacceptsthecompensationrequestbutalsopromisestodeliverabetterjobinthefuture.

Ofcourse,theonewhomakescomplaintsdoesnotalwayshavereasonablegroundsandsometimeswillexaggeratetheseriousnessofaminorproblem.Thereforetheonewhofacescomplaintsneedstoanalyzethelegitimacyofthechargesusingrationalthinkingofbothbusinessandethics,andthenrespondinanappropriatemanner.BasicKnowledgeConcernedPart12.TheDifferentTypesofClaims

Generallytherearethreetypesofclaims,namely,thetradeclaim,thetransportationclaimandtheinsuranceclaim.

Thetradeclaimisbasedonasalescontractbetweenthetwopartiesandislodgedbyonepartywhosufferslossesduetoanotherparty’sviolationofthecontract.Thebuyerislikelytofileaclaimagainstthesellerforthelatter’sdeliveryofgoodsofinferiorquality.Andthesellermightalsoclaimcompensationfromthebuyerforthelatter’sfailureofopeninganL/CbeforeacontracteddateorfornotbookingthevesseltimelyinFOBterm.

BasicKnowledgeConcernedPart12.TheDifferentTypesofClaims

Thetransportationclaimisraisedbytheshipper/consignororowneroftheshippedgoodsagainstthecarrier.When,forinstance,thecargoshippedisfoundwithdamagesorimperfectionsafteritsarrivalattheportofdestinationwhiletheoriginalBillofLadingissuedbythecarrierindicatestheword“Clean”,suchaclaimwillthenbelodged.AnothertypicalreasonforthiskindofclaimistheshortageofgoodscomparedwiththevolumestatedintheB/L.BasicKnowledgeConcernedPart12.TheDifferentTypesofClaims

Theinsuranceclaimtakesplaceaftertheinsuredgoodsaredamagedorlostduetothefactors,whicharecalledriskswhentheyhavenotbeenturnedintoreality,thattheinsurerpromisestoinsureagainst.Undersuchcircumstances,theinsuredshouldcontact,withoutdelay,theinsurancecompany,submittingevidenceandtherequireddocuments,andmakeaclaim.Theinsurerwouldgenerallygointoaninvestigationandthendecidehowtosettletheclaimbasedonthefindings.BasicKnowledgeConcernedPart13.ThePrinciplesofWritingaClaimLetter

BeingtimelyistheNumberOneprincipleofmakingaclaimbyletter.Itisusuallystipulatedinacontractthataclaimshouldbemadewithinacertaintimelimitotherwiseitwillbeviewedasinvalid.Astotransportationandinsuranceclaims,relevantlawsandruleshavethesimilarregulations.

Beingcourteousisalsoimportant.Strongemotiondoesnothelpinmakingyourclaimsacceptable.Yourfirmattitudefurnishedwithappropriatetoneandcourteouswordswilldefinitelyhelpreachthesettlementwithoutputtingothersintoembarrassmentorevenanger.

Beingspecificisalsoessentialinwritingsuchaletter.Thewriterneedstobespecificinthefactsofdamageorlosses,thereasonswhythereceiverofthelettershouldberesponsible,aswellastheproposedsettlements.Meanwhile,beingaccurateincitingthesupportingmaterialse.g.wordsinthecontractssignedordocumentsrelated,goeshandinhandwiththeaboveprinciple.Evenminormistakesinquotationwillmakeyourstatementsinconsistentandunnecessarilyputyourselfintoanunfavorableposition.Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersraisingclaims:1.Statingthedetailsofthe

goodsundertherelevantordersandcontracts1.Afterinspection,thegoodsshippedarefoundnotinconformitywith...（经检验，装运的货物与……不符。）2.Uponexaminingthegoods,wediscoveredtooursurprisethat...（检货后，我们惊奇地发现……）3.Wefoundthatthepackinginsidethecasewastooloosewiththeresultthat...（我们发现箱内包装太松散，以致……）4.Muchtoourregret,partofthecartonswerewetandthegoodsaredamagedtosuchanextentthatitistotallyunusable.（很遗憾，部分纸箱湿了，货物已损坏到完全不能使用的程度。）Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersraisingclaims:2.Providingrelevantevidence1.Thesurveyreportissuedby…evidencesthat…(由……出具的检验报告证明了……)2.Wehaveinvitedlicensedsurveyorstochecktheconsignmentof…anddiscoveredthat…(我们请了有资质的检验员来检验了这批……货，结果发现……)3.Onthestrengthofthesurveyreportitwasevidencedthat…(检验报告显示……)4.Weherebyenclosethephotosofitspresentappearancetogetherwithasurveyreportofaqualifiedsurveyor.（随函附上其现状照片以及资质检验机构的检验报告。）Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersraisingclaims:3.Lodgingaclaimandclarifyingthereasons1.Weregretthatweneedaclaimon…astheproductsarenot...(很遗憾我们要对……货物索赔，因为产品的质量并没有……)2.Wehavenochoicebuttofileaclaimamountingto$8000plusinspectionfeeforthehugelosseswesufferedagainstyou.(面对如此大的损失，我们只好向你方索赔8000美元外加检验费。)3.Muchtoourregret,weneedtofileaclaimagainstyoufor…because...(因为……，我们只能很遗憾地向贵方就……提出索赔。)4.Weregretthatwehavetocancelourorderbecauseoftheinferiorqualityofyourproducts.（很遗憾由于产品的质量不佳我们只好取消订单了。）Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersraisingclaims:4.Expressingyourexpectation1.Welookforwardtoyourearlysettlement.(期待你们早日理赔。)2.Pleaseinformusofyourdecisiononhowtosettletheclaim.(请把贵方打算如何处理此次索赔的想法告诉我们。)3.Wehopethatthismattercanberesolvedassoonaspossible.(我方希望能尽快解决此事。)4.Wetrustthatyouwilltakethesaidissueintoseriousconsiderationandfavoruswithapromptsolution.(我方希望贵方能认真考虑此事，尽快提出一个好的解决方法。)Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersinreply1.Statingthereceiptoftheletterandexpressingyourthanksorregrets1.Thankyouforyourletterof…anditismuchtoourregretthatwehear…(感谢你方……日的来函，得知……我们很遗憾。)1.Thankyouforyourletterof...anditismuchtoourregretthatwehear...(感谢你方……日的来函，从函中我们很遗憾地得知……)2.Withreferencetoyourletterdated…wearedeeplysorryovertheunfortunateincident.(关于贵方……日的来信，我们对信中提及的这一不幸事件深表遗憾。)2.Withreferencetoyourletterdated...wearedeeplysorryovertheunfortunateincident.(关于贵方……日的来信，我们对信中提及的这一不幸事件深表遗憾。)3.Wehavereceivedyourletterof…withgreatregretlearningthat…(贵方……日的来函已收悉,我们非常遗憾地获悉……)3.Wehavereceivedyourletterof...withgreatregretlearningthat...(贵方……日的来函已收悉,我们非常遗憾地获悉……)2.Talkingabouttheresultsoftheinvestigation.1.Aftergoingintothematterwefindthat…(在深入调查事件后我们发现……)1.Aftergoingintothematterwefindthat...(在深入调查事件后我们发现……)2.Basedontheimmediateinvestigationwemade,itisbelievedthatthelossisdueto…(在立刻展开调查后，我们相信这次损失是由……造成的。)2.Basedontheimmediateinvestigationwemade,itisbelievedthatthelossisdueto...(在立刻展开调查后，我们相信这次损失是由……造成的。)3.Thefindingsthatareprovidedbythestaffcheckingthedamagedgoodsshowthat…(对受损货物进行检查的工作人员提交了检查结果，结果显示……)3.Thefindingsthatareprovidedbythestaffcheckingthedamagedgoodsshowthat...(对受损货物进行检查的工作人员提交了检查结果，结果显示……)Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersraisingclaims:3.Indicatingthemethodsofsettlingtheclaim1.Wearearrangingthereplacementof…assoonaspossible.(我们将尽快给贵方寄去……货物的替代品。)1.Wearearrangingthereplacementof...assoonaspossible.(我们将尽快给贵方寄去……货物的替代品。)2.Weshallberesponsibleforthecompensationyouclaimedandmakepaymenttoyoufor…atonce.(我们会负责对你方的索赔进行偿付，会马上付……金额的赔偿款。)2.Weshallberesponsibleforthecompensationyouclaimedandmakepaymenttoyoufor...atonce.(我们会负责对你方的索赔进行偿付，会马上付……金额的赔偿款。)3.Thereforewefindnogroundstocompensateyoufortheloss.(因此我方认为我们没有理由赔偿贵方的此项损失。)3.Thereforewefindnogroundstocompensateyoufortheloss.(因此本方认为我们没有理由赔偿贵方的此项损失。)4.Theresponsibilityshouldrestwitheitherthecarrierortheinsurerinsteadofus,andifyouneed,wewouldliketolodge,onbehalfofyou,aclaimagainstthem.(这个责任不应由我方，而应由承运人或保险人来承担，如果贵方需要，我方可代你们向他们提出索赔。)4.Theresponsibilityshouldrestwitheitherthecarrierortheinsurerinsteadofus,andifyouneed,wewouldliketolodge,onbehalfofyou,aclaimagainstthem.(这个责任不应由我方，而应由承运人或保险人来承担，如果贵方需要，我方可代你们向他们提出索赔。)Letter-writingGuidePart2Steps/ContentsTypicalExpressionsForlettersraisingclaims:4.ExpressingyourexpectationSeepreviousprojectsforothersimilarexpressions.1.Wearearrangingthereplacementof...assoonaspossible.(我们将尽快给贵方寄去……货物的替代品。)OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3Expressions1. lodge/file/register/make/lay/raiseaclaimagainst/with/onsb.向某人索赔makeaclaimagainstsb.for...(money)for...；claim...(money)fromsb.forsth.就……原因向某人索赔……2. resorttoalawsuit诉诸法律，提出诉讼3. entertain/accept/meetaclaim接受索赔4. decline/rejectaclaim拒绝索赔5. settleaclaim/dispute理赔/处理争议OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3Expressions6. surveyreport检验报告7. onthestrengthof...基于……；凭借……；有赖于……8. onarrivalof...在……（货物）到达后9. replacementgoods更换货品10. makeuptheloss弥补损失OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3Expressions11.shortdelivery短量；短货，货量不够 shortweight；shortageinweight短重；货不够秤12. inferiorquality质量低劣13. improperpacking不适当的包装，不良包装14. AisattributabletoB；attributeAtoBA是由B引起/导致的15. thetimelimitforclaim索赔期限OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3Expressions16. licensedsurveyor；qualifiedsurveyor有资质的检验员17. gointo/lookinto/investigatethematter调查此事18. thesurveycharges；inspectioncharges/fee检验费19. totalamountofclaim索赔总额20. inperfectcondition(货物)状态良好OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences1. Sentencesusedforraisingcomplaintsorclaims:(用以提出申诉或索赔的句子)(1) Afterinspection,thegoodsshippedarefoundnotinconformitywiththesampleyousenttous.(2) ThediscrepancybetweenthegoodsshippedandtheoriginalsampleisunacceptablesincetheS/Cstipulatedthetermof“salesbysample”.(3) Thepackinginsidethecasewastooloosewiththeresultthattherewassomeshiftingofthecontentsandseveralcupsandplateshavebeenbroken.Theattachedlistwillgiveyoudetails.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences1. Sentencesusedforraisingcomplaintsorclaims:(用以提出申诉或索赔的句子)Weareentitledtoregisteraclaimforatleast30%oftheinvoicevalueforinferiorqualityagainsttheexporter.(5) Shortweightiswhattheclaimisfor.Wehavenochoicebuttofileaclaimonyou,whichwehopewillreceiveyourpromptattention.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences1. Sentencesusedforraisingcomplaintsorclaims:(用以提出申诉或索赔的句子)(6) Weinsistthatyoucompensatethesumofourlosseswhichwereduetoyourimproperpacking.(7) Wehopeyoucanunderstandthatwewouldnothavelodgedtheclaimifwecouldaffordtocarrytheloss.Iftheclaimisnotresolvedinthenearfuturewewillbecompelledtoresorttoalawsuit.(8) Weregretthatwehavetocancelourorderbecauseoftheinferiorqualityofyourproducts.Weaskyoutocoveranylosswhichmightbecausedasaresultofthecancellationoftheorder.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences1. Sentencesusedforraisingcomplaintsorclaims:(用以提出申诉或索赔的句子)YourshipmentofourOrderNo.298hasbeenfoundshort-weightby1,000kgs.,forwhichwemustfileaclaimamountingto$800plusinspectionfee.(10)Uponexaminingthegoods,wediscoveredtooursurprisethattheywerealtogetherinferiorinqualitytothesamplesbasedonwhichweplacedtheorder.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences2. Sentencesusedforreplyingtocomplaintsorclaims:(用以答复申诉或索赔的句子)(1) Wewereverysorrytoreceiveyourcomplaintthatthematerialyoureceivedwasnotofthequalityexpected.(2) Afterlookingintothematter,thesurveyorsfindthatthedamagewascausedbyroughhandlingatthedock.(3) Thegoodsyouareclaimingdamagedwereinperfectconditionwhentheylefttheloadingport,ascanbeevidencedbytheB/Linwhichisprintedtheword“clean”.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences2. Sentencesusedforreplyingtocomplaintsorclaims:(用以答复申诉或索赔的句子)Theclaimmustbelodgedwithin45daysafterthearrivaloftheconsignmentatthedestinationportandaccompaniedbyasurveyreportforourreference.(5) Yourclaimisnotacceptablebecausethedate,July31st,2025,whenyouraisedithaspassedthetimelimitforaclaimasstipulatedinthecontractNumber123.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences2. Sentencesusedforreplyingtocomplaintsorclaims:(用以答复申诉或索赔的句子)Tosettleyourclaim,weagreetomakeareductionof20%oftheinvoicevalue,whichwethinkcanmakeupyourloss.(7) WearemostanxioustocompensateyoufortheshortageinweightmentionedinyourletterofJuly13byofferingyouanallowanceof5percent.OtherCommonlyUsedExpressionsandSentencesPart3TypicalSentences2. Sentencesusedforreplyingtocomplaintsorclaims:(用以答复申诉或索赔的句子)Wewillproceedtosettletheclaimbyarbitrationshouldyounotacceptourproposedsolution,whichisourmaximumconcession.(9) Thegoodsareofgoodqualityandinattractivedesigns,thoughtheyarenottheveryonesyouordered,andwethinkyouwillhavelittledifficultyindisposingofthematourprice.SampleLettersPart4Sample1:TheBuyerAskingtheSellertoLodgeanInsuranceClaimNotesMacdonal&EvansCo.,Ltd.58LawtonStreet,90876Seattle,USATel:1206-3456789E-mail:mecl@July25,2025WangJieGuangdongTextilesImport&ExportCorporation779EastDongfengRoadGuangzhou,China,510000SampleLettersPart4Sample1:TheBuyerAskingtheSellertoLodgeanInsuranceClaimNotesDearMs.Wang,Theshipmentofmen’sshirtsarrivedyesterdayanditwasnoticedthat1partofthecartonswerewet.Weimmediatelyhadalltheconsignmentsexaminedbyalocalqualifiedsurveyorwiththepresenceof2theshippingcompany’srepresentative.Onthestrengthof3thesurveyreportitwasevidencedthat6outof10cartonsweretotallywetfromseawater.Eachcartonwasinvoicedcontaining10dozenplasticbagswitheachwrappingashirt.4Therefore60dozenshirtshavebeensoakedbyseawaterandhavelostagreatdealofquality5.Suchlossisduetothebadweatherintransit,whichwehaveinsuredagainst,andshouldbecompensatedforbytheinsurer.SampleLettersPart4Sample1:TheBuyerAskingtheSellertoLodgeanInsuranceClaimNotesSincetheinsurancepolicyisinyourhandnow,wouldyoupleasefileaclaimagainsttheinsureratonce?Enclosedwiththisletterpleasefindthesurveyreportandthestatementoftheshippingcompany’srepresentative,whichwillbeessentialprooffortheclaim.Wehopetheprocessoftheclaimwillbesmooth.Thanksinadvanceforyourhandlingofthissituationonourbehalf.Yourssincerely,OscarEricsonOscarEricsonManagerSampleLettersPart4Sample2:AReplytoSample1NotesGuangdongTextilesImportandExportCorporation123EastDongfengRoad,510000Guangzhou,ChinaTel-mailgdtc@163.comJuly28,2025Macdonal&EvansCo.,Ltd.58LawtonStreet,90876Seattle,USASampleLettersPart4DearMr.OscarErickson,Yourletterrequestingustoclaimagainsttheunderwriterfortheshirtsspoiledbyseawaterhasbeennotedandwearewillingtodoitimmediately.Accordingtothesurveyreportandthestatementofthecarrier’sagentthelosswascausedbyheavyweather1intransit,whichliesexactlywithintheresponsibilitiesofWPAagainstwhichwehaveinsuredtheshirts.Thereforewehaveadequategroundsforthecompensationdemand.WearegoingtoregisteraclaimwiththeGuangzhouBranchofthePICCbytomorrow,July29th,2019.Sample2:AReplytoSample1NotesSampleLettersPart4Weshallkeepyouinformedshouldanyprogressoftheclaimbemade.Yourssincerely,WangJieWangJieSample2:AReplytoSample1NotesSampleLettersPart4Sample3:AnImporterRequestingReplacementofDamagedGoodsNotesCarrolMachineryTradingCo.P.O.Box657,Lagos,NigeriaTel：2341-2531457E-mail:cmtc@May18,2025DongfangForeignTradingCo.Ltd.32WuyiRoad,410000Changsha,Hunan,ChinaSampleLettersPart4DearMr.Hu,TheshipmentofourorderNo.231forthewholesetofequipmentforrecordingusedforaprofessionalrecordingstudio1hasbeendulyreceived.Thanksforyourpromptdelivery.Everythingseemedperfectandamicable2beforethecaseNo.23wasunpacked.Thiscasecontainedasoundmixer3,theessentialpartofthewholesystem.Muchtoourregret,duetotheimproperpackingthemixerwasdamagedtosuchanextentthatitistotallyunusable.Weherebyenclosethephotosofitspresentappearancetogetherwithasurveyreportofaqualifiedsurveyor.Regardingtheimportanceofthesoundmixerinmakingthewholesystemworkable,wemustrequestyourimmediatereplacementofit.Sample3:AnImporterRequestingReplacementofDamagedGoodsNotesSampleLettersPart4Awaitingyourfavorablereplyassoonaspossibleatyourearliestconvenience.Yoursfaithfully,GillianReeve,GillianReeveSample3:AnImporterRequestingReplacementofDamagedGoodsNotesSampleLettersPart4Sample4:AReplytotheLetterofSample3NotesDongfangForeignTradingCo.Ltd.32WuyiRoadChangsha,410000Hunan,ChinaTel：86-mail:dftc@May22,2025Mr.GillianReeveCarrolMachineryTradingCo.P.O.Box657,Lagos,NigeriaSampleLettersPart4DearMr.GillianReeve,Weacknowledgewiththanksreceiptofyourletteraskingforthereplacementofthedamagedsoundmixer.Aftergoingintothematterquicklyitwasdeterminedthattheerrorwasfromthedistractedmind1ofacertainstaffpackingthegoods.Weregrettheoperationnegligence2andhavealreadydispatchedanewmixertoyouthismorningwiththehopethattheinstallationoftherecordingsysteminyourstudiowillnotbedelayedtoomuch.Sample4:AReplytotheLetterofSample3NotesSampleLettersPart4Weapologizeagainfortheinconvenienceincurredandwouldliketoassureyouthattherecurrence3ofsimilarmistakeswillbeavoidedinthehandlingofyourfutureorders.Yoursfaithfully,HuXinhua,HuXinhuaSample4:AReplytotheLetterofSample3NotesNotesPart41. itwasnoticedthat...=wenoticedthat...之所以用被动语态有两点考虑，其一是突出客观性，其二是不一味地使用主动语态以增加表达的多样性。常用的例子又如itis/wasfoundoutthat...;itis/washeardthat...;itis/wasrevealedthat...以及itisknownthat...等。2. withthepresenceof：意为“当着……的面”或“在……在场的情况下”。3. onthestrengthof：

（1）一般意为“becauseof(因为；根据；凭借)”，本文中即为此意。 e.g.Ichosetheshippingcompanyandtheinsurancecompanyonthestrengthoftheimporter’sadvice.

我根据进口商的意见选择了船运和保险公司。

NotesPart4

（2）有时又意为“inthelikelihoodof(因可能……)”，例如： e.g.Isearchedsomepriceinformationoflocalsuppliersonthestrengthofthepossibleenquiriesfrominternationalbuyers.

因国际买家可能会来询价，我先了解了一下本地供应商的价格信息。4. 国际贸易中的商业发票比起只写商品名及单价、总价的国内零售发票要复杂些，一般来说还要写上货物的包装情况、运输标志、信用证或销售合同号码及货物装卸港等信息。5. loseagreatdealofquality：也可以表述为“losealotofquality”，意思是“质量大受影响”。NotePart41. heavyweather：意为“恶劣气候”，在保险术语中指海上八级以上的风（即飓风）、三米以上的大浪。用这个短语比用badweather更专业、更清晰些。NotesPart41. thewholesetofequipmentforrecordingusedforaprofessionalrecordingstudio：指“职业摄录专用的成套录音设备”。2. amicable：adj.原指“友好的，友善的，和睦的”，这里的意思是“令人满意的”。3. soundmixer：指“混音器”。NotesPart41. distractedmind：指“走神、不专心”。2. negligence：指“疏忽，忽视，粗心大意”。3. recurrence：指“重复发生、再次发生”PracticalTrainingPart5I.ElementaryTraining(1) decline/rejectaclaim(2) surveyreport1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.拒绝赔偿检验报告PracticalTrainingPart5(3) onthestrengthof(4) aqualifiedsurveyor凭借；依据有资质的检验员I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5(5) inspectioncharges(6) settleaclaim检验费用理赔I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5(7) gointo/lookinto/investigatethematter(8) makeuptheloss调查此事弥补损失I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5(9) Weregrettoinformyouthatthereisanobviousdiscrepancybetweenthegoodsshippedandthesample.(10) Wewouldliketolodgeaclaimagainstyouforshortdeliveryoftheconsignment.Lookingforwardtoyourearlysettlementoftheclaim.我们遗憾地通知贵方，运来的货物明显与样品不符。由于这批货短量，我们要对卖方提出索赔。盼望你们能早日理赔。I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5(11) Thisistoacknowledgereceiptofyourletterdemandingourcompensationforthespoiledclothesshippedtoyouduetoimproperpacking.(12) Weapologizeforanyinconvenienceincurredandhavedecidedtoentertainyourclaimasperyourproposal.兹收到贵方来函，函中要求我方对由于我们不当包装而在运输途中受损的服装进行赔偿。我方对因此事引起的不便道歉，并决定按你们的提议进行理赔。I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5(13) Theresponsibilityfortheclaimshouldbeburdenedbyeitherthecarrierortheinsurer,insteadofus.(14) ThecleanonboardB/Lhasindicatedtheperfectconditionofthegoodswhentheyweretransferredfromustothecarrierandwethereforefindnoreasontoacceptyourclaim.此次索赔的对象应是承运人或保险人，而不是我方。这份已装船清洁提单说明了当我方把货物交给承运人时货物是完好无损的，因此我方没有理由接受贵方的索赔要求。I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5(15) ThereisadiscrepancybetweenthepackinglistofcaseNo.53andyourinvoice:3dozenTeaSetsarecorrectlyenteredontheinvoicebuttherewereonly2dozeninthecase.53号箱的装箱单与你方发票有差异：发票上正确地显示了3打茶具而箱子里只有2打。I.ElementaryTraining1.TranslatethefollowingEnglishintoChinese.PracticalTrainingPart5I.ElementaryTraining2.Readthefollowinglettersandfillintheblankswiththeprepositionsgiveninthefollowingbox.to upon of without in for by into on about againstto at of with in on for from onto into byLetter1DearSirs,Thanksforyourpromptexecution_________ourorderNo.432.Weregrethavingtoinformyouthat,___________checking,wefoundthattheshipmentwas200kilogramsshortdeliveredwhichcanbeevidenced__________thesurveyreportenclosed.Asthesalesseasoniscomingverysoon,pleasesendustheshort-shippedgoodswithoutdelay.Atthesametimepleaseacceptourclaim__________youforourlossamounting__________US$2,000plustheinspectionfee.Thankyouinadvanceforyourcooperation.Yoursfaithfully,ofupon/onbyagainsttoPracticalTrainingPart5I.ElementaryTraining2.Readthefollowinglettersandfillintheblankswiththeprepositionsgiveninthefollowingbox.to at of with in on for from onto into byLetter2DearSirs,Weare_______receiptofyourletterof10thJulyandregrettonoteyourcomplaintrespectingtheWoolenGoodswesenttoyoubys.s.“Dongfeng”.Wehavelooked______thematterinourrecords,andsofaraswecanfind,thegoodsinquestionwereinfirst-classconditionwhentheylefthere,aswasevidencedbytheBillofLading.Itis,therefore,quiteobviousthatthedamagecomplained_______musthavetakenplaceintransit.Inthecircumstances,weareapparentlynotliable_______thedamageandwouldadviseyoutoclaim

________theshippingcompanywhoshouldbeheldresponsible.to upon of without in for by into on about againstinintoaboutforagainstPracticalTrainingPart5I.ElementaryTraining2.Readthefollowinglettersandfillintheblankswiththeprepositionsgiveninthefollowingbox.to at of with in on for from onto into byLetter2Atanyrate,wethankyouforbringingthistoourattentionandifyoufeelitnecessaryweshallbepleasedtotakethematteruponyourbehalfwiththeshippingcompanyconcerned.Yoursfaithfully,to upon of without in for by into on about againstPracticalTrainingPart5II.IntermediateTraining1.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.(1) 短装(2) 短重shortdeliveryshortweightPracticalTrainingPart5(3) 向某人提出索赔(4) 接受索赔lodge/file/register/make/lay/raiseaclaimagainst/with/onsb.acceptaclaimII.IntermediateTraining1.TranslatethefollowingChineseintoEnglish.PracticalTrainingPart5(5) (产品)质量低劣(6) 货物（状态）完好/良好inf