2026年江苏省苏教版初中英语七年级上册第5单元语法练习题及答案

2026年江苏省苏教版初中英语七年级上册第5单元语法练习题及答案第1页共1页2026年江苏省苏教版初中英语七年级上册第5单元语法练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallycorrect?A.Hedon'tlikeplayingfootball.B.Hedoesn'tlikeplayingfootball.C.Hedoesn'tlikesplayingfootball.D.Hedon'tlikesplayingfootball.参考答案：B2.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformthenegativesentencefor"Sheisastudent"?A.Sheisn'tastudent.B.Sheisn'tstudents.C.Shearen'tastudent.D.Shearen'tstudents.参考答案：A3.Ifwewanttoaskaboutsomeone'sopinion,whichquestionwordshouldweuse?A.WhatB.WhereC.WhenD.How参考答案：D4.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectquestionformationusing"Whose"?A.Whoseisthisbook?B.Whosethisbookis?C.Whosethisbook?D.Thisbookwhose?参考答案：A5.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"Theyareplayingbasketball"?A.AreplayingB.IsplayingC.AreplayD.Isplay参考答案：A6.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentcontinuoustense?A.HewatchTVnow.B.HeiswatchingTVnow.C.HewatchesTVnow.D.HeiswatchTVnow.参考答案：B7.Ifwewanttotalkaboutahabitorafact,whichtenseshouldweuse?A.PresentContinuousB.PresentSimpleC.PastSimpleD.FutureSimple参考答案：B8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytoaskforsomeone'sname?A.Whatisyourname?B.Howisyourname?C.Whereisyourname?D.Whenisyourname?参考答案：A9.Whatisthecorrectwaytoformtheinterrogativesentencefor"Hegoestoschoolbybus"?A.Doeshegotoschoolbybus?B.Dohegotoschoolbybus?C.Hegoestoschoolbybus?D.Hegotoschoolbybus?参考答案：A10.Whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentsimpletense?A.Sheissingingasong.B.Shesingasong.C.Shesingsasong.D.Shesingasongs.参考答案：C二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theboyoften______footballafterschool.参考答案：plays2.Mysister______anewbikeyesterday.参考答案：bought3.We______goingtothezoonextSunday.参考答案：are4.There______amapandsomepicturesonthewall.参考答案：is5.Canyouswim?Yes,I______.参考答案：can6.Sheis______Englishteacher.参考答案：an7.Myfatheris______engineer.参考答案：a8.Whattime______themeetingstart?参考答案：does9.I______alotofbooksinthelibrary.参考答案：read10.Thisis______interestingbook.参考答案：an三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theverb"go"isusedtoexpresstheideaofmovementfromoneplacetoanother.参考答案：√2.Inthesentence"SheissinginganEnglishsong,"theword"singing"isapresentparticiple.参考答案：√3.Thepastsimpletenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandfinishedatthattime.参考答案：√4.Theword"my"isapossessiveadjective.参考答案：√5.Inthesentence"Ihaveabook,"theverb"have"isinthepresentperfecttense.参考答案：×6.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwashappeningataparticulartimeinthepast.参考答案：√7.Theword"yesterday"isanadverboftime.参考答案：√8.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.参考答案：√9.Theword"their"isapossessivepronoun.参考答案：√10.Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Pleasebrieflydescribetheusageofthepresentcontinuoustense.参考答案：Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthetimeofspeaking,actionshappeningaroundthepresenttime,orplannedfuturearrangements.Itisformedwiththeverb"tobe"plusthe-ingformofthemainverb.2.Howwouldyouexplainthedifferencebetween"gotoschool"and"goonschool"?参考答案："Gotoschool"meansphysicallytravelingtoaschool,while"goonschool"isnotastandardEnglishphrase.Ifsomeonemeanstocontinuestudying,theymightsay"continueschool"or"gobacktoschool".3.Listthreecommonirregularverbsandtheirpastsimpleforms.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsandtheirpastsimpleformsare:go-went,see-saw,eat-ate.4.Whatdoesthemodalverb"can"usuallyindicate?参考答案：Themodalverb"can"usuallyindicatesability,permission,orpossibility.Forexample,"Icanswim"expressesability,"Youcanleavenow"givespermission,and"Itcanraintomorrow"suggestspossibility.5.Explainthefunctionofarticles(a,an,the)inEnglishsentences.参考答案：Articles(a,an,the)areusedtospecifywhetheranounisgeneralorspecific."A"and"an"areindefinitearticlesusedforgeneralnouns,while"the"isadefinitearticleusedforspecificnouns.Forexample,"acat"isanycat,while"thecat"referstoaspecificcat.6.Describethestructureofasimplesentencewithasubjectandaverb.参考答案：Asimplesentencewithasubjectandaverbhasasubject(whoorwhatthesentenceisabout)andaverb(whatthesubjectdoesoris).Forexample,"Shesings"has"She"asthesubjectand"sings"astheverb.7.HowdoyouformthepluralformofmostEnglishnouns?参考答案：MostEnglishnounsformtheirpluralbyadding"-s"tothesingularform,especiallyfornounsendinginaconsonant.Forexample,"cat"becomes"cats".Nounsendingin-s,-x,-z,-sh,or-chusuallyadd"-es",like"box"becomes"boxes".Somenounshaveirregularpluralforms,suchas"man"becomes"men".8.Brieflyexplainthemeaningandusageofthephrasalverb"lookforwardto".参考答案："Lookforwardto"isaphrasalverbthatmeanstofeelhappyorexcitedaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappeninthefuture.Itisfollowedbyanounoragerund(verbendingin-ing).Forexample,"Ilookforwardtoyourvisit"or"Shelooksforwardtoswimminginthelake."五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.Youareorganizingaschoolparty.Pleasewriteashortpassage(about50words)toinviteyourclassmatestoattendtheparty,usingatleastthreedifferentpresenttenses.参考答案：Dearclassmates,IamexcitedtoinviteyoualltoafantasticschoolpartythisFridayintheschoolhall.Therewillbedeliciousfood,fungames,andgreatmusic.Ihopeyoucancomeandenjoyitwithus!2.Lookatthefollowingsentence:"Sheisreadinganinterestingbook."Changeitintoapassivevoicesentence.参考答案：Aninterestingbookisbeingreadbyher.3.Completethefollowingdialoguewithappropriatewordsfromthebox.Therearemorewordsthanneeded.-Hi,howareyou?-I'mfine,thanks.______you?-I'mgood.______youlikegoingtothecinema?-Yes,Ido.______youoftengothere?-Notveryoften.______youwatchmoviesathomeinstead?-Yes,sometimes.______youhaveaTV?-Yes,Ido.参考答案：Hi,howareyou?-I'mfine,thanks.Howareyou?-I'mgood.Doyoulikegoingtothecinema?-Yes,Ido.Doyouoftengothere?-Notveryoften.Doyouwatchmoviesathomeinstead?-Yes,sometimes.DoyouhaveaTV?-Yes,Ido.4.Rewritethefollowingsentencetomakeitmorepolite:"Pleasegivemeyourpen."5.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets.-IfI______(have)acar,I______(go)tothebeacheveryweekend.-She______(notfinish)herhomeworkbecauseshe______(play)computergamesallday.参考答案：IfIhaveacar,Iwillgotothebeacheveryweekend.Shedidnotfinishherhomeworkbecauseshewasplayingcomputergamesallday.6.Completethesecondsentencesothatithasasimilarmeaningtothefirstsentence,usingthewordgiven.-Originalsentence:It'simportanttostudyhard.-Completedsentence:______hardisimportant.参考答案：Studying7.Lookatthepicturebelow.Itshowsastudentcleaningtheclassroom.Writeashortparagraph(about40words)describingwhatthestudentisdoing,usingthepresentcontinuoustense.参考答案：Thestudentiscleaningtheclassroomnow.Heissweepingthefloorwithabroom.Heisalsowipingthetablesandchairswithacloth.Theclassroomlookscleanandtidy.8.Completethefollowingsentencewiththecorrectrelativepronoun:"Thisisthebook______Ireadlastnight."参考答案：that标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：选项A和D中动词形式错误，don't和don'tlikes都不符合第三人称单数形式；选项C中动词形式错误，doesn't后应跟动词原形likes；选项B是正确的形式，doesn't后跟动词原形like。2.参考答案：A解析：选项B和D中名词形式错误，students是复数形式；选项C中动词形式错误，aren't后应跟动词原形astudent；选项A是正确的形式，isn't后跟动词原形be。3.参考答案：D解析：选项A、B、C分别询问物品、地点、时间，只有选项DHow用于询问意见或感受。4.参考答案：A解析：选项B和C语序错误；选项D缺少be动词；选项A是正确的形式，Whose后跟名词性宾语thisbook。5.参考答案：A解析：选项B和D中动词形式错误，isplaying和iswatch都不符合；选项C中动词形式错误，areplay不符合第三人称单数形式；选项A是正确的形式，areplaying符合主语They的复数形式。6.参考答案：B解析：选项A和C中动词形式错误，watch和watches都不符合现在进行时形式；选项D中动词形式错误，iswatch不符合；选项B是正确的形式，iswatching符合现在进行时结构。7.参考答案：B解析：选项A和D分别是现在进行时和未来时，用于描述正在发生或将来发生的事情；选项C是过去时，用于描述过去发生的事情；选项B是现在简单时，用于描述习惯或事实。8.参考答案：A解析：选项B、C、D中的How、Where、When分别询问方式、地点、时间，只有选项AWhat用于询问姓名。9.参考答案：A解析：选项B和D中动词形式错误，Do和hego不符合；选项C缺少助动词；选项A是正确的形式，Does后跟主语he和动词原形go。10.参考答案：C解析：选项A是现在进行时，描述正在发生的事情；选项B和D中动词形式错误，sing和singasongs都不符合第三人称单数形式；选项C是正确的形式，sings符合现在简单时结构。二、填空题1.plays解析：考查动词第三人称单数形式。根据句意“这个男孩放学后经常踢足球”，主语是Theboy，是第三人称单数，动词需要加-s。play的第三人称单数形式是plays。A.play是动词原形，不符合语法规则。B.plays是动词第三人称单数形式，符合语法规则。C.playsfootball是动词短语，不符合语法规则。D.playfootball是动词短语原形，不符合语法规则。2.bought解析：考查动词过去式。根据句意“我的姐姐昨天买了一辆新自行车”，时间状语是yesterday，表示过去发生的事情，需要用动词过去式。buy的过去式是bought。A.buy是动词原形，不符合语法规则。B.bought是动词过去式，符合语法规则。C.buyabike是动词短语原形，不符合语法规则。D.boughtabike是动词短语过去式，符合语法规则，但不如B简洁。3.are解析：考查动词be的现在进行时。根据句意“我们下周日要去动物园”，表示将来计划或安排的事情，需要用动词be的现在进行时。be动词的现在进行时形式是be+动词ing。A.are是be动词的现在进行时形式，符合语法规则。B.am是be动词的现在进行时形式，但主语是I，不符合主语we。C.is是be动词的现在进行时形式，但主语是he/she/it，不符合主语we。D.aregoingto是将来时态，但不符合现在进行时要求。4.is解析：考查名词的数。根据句意“墙上有一张地图和一些图片”，主语是amapandsomepictures，是复数名词，谓语动词需要用复数形式。但therebe句型中，be动词的形式取决于离be动词最近的名词。amap是单数，所以be动词用is。A.are是复数形式，不符合amap。B.is是单数形式，符合amap。C.are是复数形式，不符合amap。D.is是单数形式，符合amap。5.can解析：考查情态动词can的用法。根据句意“你会游泳吗？是的，我会。”，can用于表示能力。A.can是情态动词，表示能力，符合语法规则。B.can't是情态动词的否定形式，表示不能，不符合句意。C.could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，不符合句意。D.may是情态动词，表示可能性，不符合句意。6.an解析：考查冠词的用法。根据句意“她是我们的英语老师”，a/an用于可数名词单数前面。English以元音音素/eɪ/开头，所以用an。A.a是冠词，但English以辅音音素/ɪ/开头，不符合规则。B.an是冠词，且English以元音音素/eɪ/开头，符合规则。C.the是定冠词，用于特指，不符合句意。D.noarticle是没有冠词，不符合可数名词单数前面需要冠词的规则。7.a解析：考查冠词的用法。根据句意“我的父亲是一名工程师”，a/an用于可数名词单数前面。engineer是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素/ɛn/开头，所以用a。A.a是冠词，且engineer以辅音音素/ɛn/开头，符合规则。B.an是冠词，但engineer以辅音音素/ɛn/开头，不符合规则。C.the是定冠词，用于特指，不符合句意。D.noarticle是没有冠词，不符合可数名词单数前面需要冠词的规则。8.does解析：考查一般疑问句的构成。根据句意“会议几点开始？”，一般疑问句的构成是助动词+主语+谓语动词原形。主语是themeeting，是第三人称单数，助动词用does。A.do是助动词，但主语是第三人称单数，不符合规则。B.does是助动词，且主语是第三人称单数，符合规则。C.did是助动词的过去式，不符合一般疑问句的构成。D.will是情态动词，不符合一般疑问句的构成。9.read解析：考查动词的用法。根据句意“我在图书馆读了好多书”，read是动词原形，表示阅读的动作。A.read是动词原形，符合语法规则。B.reads是动词第三人称单数形式，不符合句意。C.reading是动名词，不符合句意。D.readbooks是动词短语，不符合句意。10.an解析：考查冠词的用法。根据句意“这是一本有趣的书”，a/an用于可数名词单数前面。interesting是形容词，修饰可数名词book。book以辅音音素/bʊk/开头，所以用a。A.a是冠词，且book以辅音音素/bʊk/开头，符合规则。B.an是冠词，但book以辅音音素/bʊk/开头，不符合规则。C.the是定冠词，用于特指，不符合句意。D.noarticle是没有冠词，不符合可数名词单数前面需要冠词的规则。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Theverb"go"isindeedusedtoexpresstheideaofmovementfromoneplacetoanother.Itisacommonverbthatindicatestheactoftravelingormovingfromonelocationtoanother.Forexample,"Igotoschooleveryday"indicatestheregularmovementfromhometoschool.2.参考答案：√解析：Inthesentence"SheissinginganEnglishsong,"theword"singing"isapresentparticiple.Itisformedbyadding"-ing"tothebaseformoftheverb"sing"andisusedtodescribeanongoingaction.Here,"singing"ispartofthepresentcontinuoustense,whichisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"is"andthepresentparticiple"singing."3.参考答案：√解析：Thepastsimpletenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastandfinishedatthattime.Forexample,"Iatebreakfastat8o'clockyesterday"describesacompletedactionthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.4.参考答案：√解析：Theword"my"isapossessiveadjective.Itisusedtoshowownershiporpossessionandmodifiesanoun.Forexample,inthesentence"Thisismybook,""my"indicatesthatthebookbelongstothespeaker.5.参考答案：×解析：Inthesentence"Ihaveabook,"theverb"have"isinthepresentsimpletense,notthepresentperfecttense.Thepresentperfecttenseisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"andthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Ihavefinishedmyhomework"usesthepresentperfecttense.6.参考答案：√解析：Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwashappeningataparticulartimeinthepast.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"was"or"were"andthepresentparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"IwaswatchingTVat8o'clocklastnight"describesanongoingactionataspecifictimeinthepast.7.参考答案：√解析：Theword"yesterday"isanadverboftime.Itindicateswhenanactiontookplaceandmodifiesverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.Forexample,inthesentence"Iwenttotheparkyesterday,""yesterday"specifiesthetimeoftheaction.8.参考答案：√解析：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"andthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears"indicatesanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.9.参考答案：√解析：Theword"their"isapossessivepronoun.Itisusedtoshowownershiporpossessionandreplacesanoun.Forexample,inthesentence"Theirhouseisbig,""their"indicatesthatthehousebelongstothem.10.参考答案：√解析：Thepastperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatwascompletedbeforeanotheractioninthepast.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"had"andthepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Shehadfinishedherhomeworkbeforeshewentout"indicatesthattheactionoffinishinghomeworkwascompletedbeforetheactionofgoingout.四、简答题1.参考答案：Thepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthetimeofspeaking,actionshappeningaroundthepresenttime,orplannedfuturearrangements.Itisformedwiththeverb"tobe"plusthe-ingformofthemainverb.解析：本题考查现在进行时态的用法。现在进行时主要用来描述说话时正在发生的动作（如Iamreadingabooknow），或者描述现阶段正在进行的、与现在时间相关的动作（如Heisstudyingfortheexamthisweek），以及已经安排好的将来计划（如Wearegoingtothecinematomorrow）。其构成是be动词的某种形式加动词的ing形式。掌握现在进行时的用法对于理解英语中动作的时间状态至关重要。2.参考答案："Gotoschool"meansphysicallytravelingtoaschool,while"goonschool"isnotastandardEnglishphrase.Ifsomeonemeanstocontinuestudying,theymightsay"continueschool"or"gobacktoschool".解析：本题考查固定搭配的辨析。正确的表达是"gotoschool"表示去学校，是固定搭配。而"goonschool"在英语中不存在，可能是学生混淆了与"continueschool"（继续上学）或"returntoschool"（回到学校）的用法。在英语学习中，掌握常见的固定搭配对于正确表达非常重要。3.参考答案：Threecommonirregularverbsandtheirpastsimpleformsare:go-went,see-saw,eat-ate.解析：本题考查不规则动词的过去式。英语中有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不规则的，需要单独记忆。常见的例子包括go-went,see-saw,eat-ate,come-came,have-had等。掌握这些不规则动词对于正确使用英语时态至关重要。4.参考答案：Themodalverb"can"usuallyindicatesability,permission,orpossibility.Forexample,"Icanswim"expressesability,"Youcanleavenow"givespermission,and"Itcanraintomorrow"suggestspossibility.解析：本题考查情态动词can的用法。can是最常用的情态动词之一，主要表示能力（如Icanplaythepiano），允许（如Youcansithere），或者可能性（如Itcanbecoldtonight）。理解can的不同用法对于正确表达意愿和可能性非常重要。5.参考答案：Articles(a,an,the)areusedtospecifywhetheranounisgeneralorspecific."A"and"an"areindefinitearticlesusedforgeneralnouns,while"the"isadefinitearticleusedforspecificnouns.Forexample,"acat"isanycat,while"thecat"referstoaspecificcat.解析：本题考查冠词的用法。冠词是英语中比较难掌握的部分，a/an用于泛指，如abook（一本书）；the用于特指，如thebook（那本书）。冠词的正确使用对于句子意义的准确性非常重要。6.参考答案：Asimplesentencewithasubjectandaverbhasasubject(whoorwhatthesentenceisabout)andaverb(whatthesubjectdoesoris).Forexample,"Shesings"has"She"asthesubjectand"sings"astheverb.解析：本题考查简单句的基本结构。简单句是最基本的句子类型，由一个主语和一个谓语动词构成，如Iamhappy（我高兴）。理解简单句的结构是学习英语语法的基础。7.参考答案：MostEnglishnounsformtheirpluralbyadding"-s"tothesingularform,especiallyfornounsendinginaconsonant.Forexample,"cat"becomes"cats".Nounsendingin-s,-x,-z,-sh,or-chusuallyadd"-es",like"box"becomes"boxes".Somenounshaveirregularpluralforms,suchas"man"becomes"men".解析：本题考查名词复数的构成规则。名词复数是英语语法中的一个重要部分，大多数名词通过加-s构成复数（如book-books），以s,x,z,sh,ch结尾的名词加-es（如box-boxes），还有一些名词有特殊形式（如man-men）。掌握这些规则对于正确使用名词非常重要。8.参考答案："Lookforwardto"isaphrasalverbthatmeanstofeelhappyorexcitedaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappeninthefuture.Itisfollowedbyanounoragerund(verbendingin-ing).Forexample,"Ilookforwardtoyourvisit"or"Shelooksforwardtoswimminginthelake."解析：本题考查短语动词的用法。"lookforwardto"是一个常用的短语动词，表示期待某事发生，后面通常跟名词或动名词（如Ilookforwardtotheparty）。掌握这类短语动词的用法对于提高英语表达能力非常重要。五、应用题1.参考答案：Dearclassmates,IamexcitedtoinviteyoualltoafantasticschoolpartythisFridayinthesc