重庆市部编版九年级英语第11课英语写作测试题及答案

重庆市部编版九年级英语第11课英语写作测试题及答案第1页共1页重庆市部编版九年级英语第11课英语写作测试题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage"TheImportanceofReading"?A.Readingisonlyusefulforstudents.B.Readingcanimproveourknowledgeandimagination.C.Readingisawasteoftime.D.Readingisboringanddifficult.参考答案：B2.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectwaytousethepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveeatendinnerforthreehours.B.Shehasgonetothelibraryyesterday.C.Theyhavebeenplayingbasketballsincelastweek.D.WehavestudiedEnglishforfiveyears.参考答案：C3.Whatdoestheword"ambitious"meaninthesentence"Heisanambitiousstudentwhowantstobecomeadoctor"?A.Lazy.B.Friendly.C.Hardworking.D.Shy.参考答案：C4.Whichsentenceisanexampleofthesecondconditional?A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.IwillcallyouwhenIfinishmyhomework.C.Shehasfinishedherhomework.D.Heisreadingabooknow.参考答案：A5.Whatisthepastparticipleformoftheverb"towrite"?A.Wrote.B.Written.C.Writes.D.Writing.参考答案：B6.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepassivevoice?A.Thebookwasreadbymeyesterday.B.Theyareplayingfootballintheparknow.C.Shehasfinishedherhomework.D.Hewillcallyoutomorrow.参考答案：A7.Whatisthecorrectwaytoexpressthefuturewith"begoingto"?A.Iamgotothelibrarytomorrow.B.Sheisgoingtovisithergrandparentsnextweekend.C.TheyarewillstudyEnglishforfouryears.D.Heisgoingtobeateacherinthefuture.参考答案：B8.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthepastsimpletense?A.Iwatchedamovielastnight.B.Shehaseatendinner.C.TheywereplayingbasketballwhenIarrived.D.Heisgoingtothestoretomorrow.参考答案：A9.Whatisthecorrectwaytousethepresentcontinuoustense?A.Iamreadingabookfortwohours.B.Shehaswrittenalettertoherfriend.C.TheywerewatchingTVwhenthephonerang.D.Hewillcallyoutomorrow.参考答案：A10.Whichsentenceisanexampleofthefirstconditional?A.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.IwillcallyouwhenIfinishmyhomework.C.Shehasfinishedherhomework.D.Heisreadingabooknow.参考答案：A二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theboy______toschooleverydaybybus.参考答案：goes2.Mysisterisgoodat______music.参考答案：playing3.Wewillhaveameetingthisafternoonat______o'clock.参考答案：seven4.Canyoutellmethewaytothenearestsupermarket?参考答案：the5.Iusuallyhavebreakfastat______.参考答案：seven6.Sheis______thanherbrother.参考答案：taller7.Thebookisonthetable,butthepenis______.参考答案：under8.Heis______interestedinplayingbasketball.参考答案：very9.Whattimeisitnow?It's______o'clock.参考答案：seven10.Iwanttobuyagiftformymother'sbirthday.What______yousuggest?参考答案：should三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Themainideaofthepassageisthatenvironmentalprotectioniseveryone'sresponsibility.参考答案：√2.Accordingtothepassage,recyclingcanhelpreducetheamountofwastesenttolandfills.参考答案：√3.Theauthorsuggeststhatpeopleshouldusereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.参考答案：√4.Thepassageimpliesthatindustrialpollutionistheonlymajorcauseofenvironmentalproblems.参考答案：×5.Theword"sustainable"inthepassagemeansenvironmentallyfriendly.参考答案：√6.Theauthorbelievesthatindividualactionscanmakeasignificantdifferenceinprotectingtheenvironment.参考答案：√7.Thepassagementionsthatgovernmentsshouldnotimplementanypoliciestoprotecttheenvironment.参考答案：×8.Theword"degrade"inthepassagemeanstoimprovethequalityofsomething.参考答案：×9.Thepassagesuggeststhatusingpublictransportationisnotagoodwaytoreducepollution.参考答案：×10.Theauthorconcludesthatenvironmentalissuesaretoocomplexforindividualstosolve.参考答案：×四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishintermsofpronunciation,spelling,andvocabulary?参考答案：BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishdifferinpronunciation,spelling,andvocabulary.Inpronunciation,BritishEnglishhasReceivedPronunciation,whileAmericanEnglishhasGeneralAmerican.Inspelling,BritishEnglishoftenuses"-re"endings(e.g.,centre),whileAmericanEnglishuses"-er"(e.g.,center).Invocabulary,BritishEnglishuseswordslike"lift"and"flat,"whileAmericanEnglishuses"elevator"and"apartment."2.Howcanyouusethepresentperfecttensetodescribelifeexperiencesorchangesthathavehappenedovertime?参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribelifeexperiencesorchangesthathavehappenedovertime.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"IhavelivedinLondonforfiveyears."Thistenseisalsousedtotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,suchas"ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishsinceshewasachild."3.Explainthefunctionofarelativepronouninasentence.参考答案：Arelativepronounisusedtoconnectanounornounphrasetoaclause.Therelativepronounsare"who,""whom,""whose,""which,"and"that."Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister."Inthissentence,"who"istherelativepronounthatintroducestheclauseaboutthegirl.4.Describetheprocessofwritingaformalletter,includingthenecessarypartsandtheappropriatelanguagetouse.参考答案：Writingaformalletterinvolvesseveralnecessarypartsandappropriatelanguage.Thepartsincludethesalutation,date,address,body,closing,andsignature.Thesalutationis"DearMr./Ms.[LastName],"thedateiswrittenbelowthesalutation,theaddressisontheleftside,thebodycontainsthemainmessage,theclosingis"Sincerely,"or"Yoursfaithfully,"andthesignatureisthewriter'sname.Thelanguageshouldbepolite,formal,andclear.5.Whataresomecommonstrategiesformakingpredictionsinreadingcomprehension?参考答案：Commonstrategiesformakingpredictionsinreadingcomprehensionincludeusingcontextclues,lookingforkeywords,andconsideringtheauthor'spurpose.Contextcluesarehintsinthetextthathelpyouunderstandnewwordsorideas.Keywordslike"however,""therefore,"and"inconclusion"canindicatetheauthor'smainidea.Consideringtheauthor'spurpose,suchasinforming,persuading,orentertaining,canalsohelpmakepredictions.6.Howdoestheuseofadjectivesandadverbscontributetothevividnessandclarityofadescription?参考答案：Adjectivesandadverbscontributetothevividnessandclarityofadescriptionbyaddingdetailsandemotions.Adjectivesdescribenounsandprovidemoreinformationabouttheirqualities,suchas"beautiful,""happy,"and"heavy."Adverbsdescribeverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbsandaddmoredetailabouthowanactionisperformed,suchas"quickly,""very,"and"happily."Forexample,"Thebeautifulgirlsanghappily"usesbothadjectivesandadverbstocreateavividimage.7.Discusstheimportanceofusingtransitionwordstoconnectideasandparagraphsinwriting.参考答案：Transitionwordsareimportantforconnectingideasandparagraphsinwritingbecausetheyshowtherelationshipbetweensentencesandparagraphs.Commontransitionwordsinclude"however,""therefore,""inaddition,"and"forexample."Usingtransitionwordshelpsthereaderfollowthewriter'strainofthoughtandunderstandtheorganizationofthetext.Forexample,"Theweatherwascold,however,weenjoyedthepicnic."8.Explainhowtoformthepassivevoiceinasentenceandprovideanexample.参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisformedbyusingtheverb"tobe"intheappropriatetensefollowedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Inthissentence,"waswritten"isthepassivevoice,and"byJohn"indicatesthedoer.Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthedoerisunknown,unimportant,orobvious.Forexample,"Thewindowwasbroken"impliesthatsomeonebrokethewindow,butthedoerisnotspecified.五、应用题（共8小题，每题3分）1.YouareorganizingaschoolEnglishparty.Writeashortpassage(about60words)toadvertisetheparty,includingthetime,place,activities,andhowtosignup.参考答案：Dearstudents,ourschoolEnglishpartywillbeheldattheschoolhallthisFridayevening.Therewillbesinging,dancing,andgames.SignupattheEnglishcornernow!2.AstudentwantstoimprovehisEnglishspeakingskills.Heplanstopracticeeveryday.Writeaparagraph(about50words)givinghimsomeadviceonhowtopracticeeffectively.参考答案：Toimproveyourspeakingskills,youshouldpracticeeveryday.Youcantalktoyourclassmates,watchEnglishmovies,orjoinanEnglishclub.RemembertospeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.3.YourfriendisgoingtovisitLondon.Writeashortemail(about70words)togivehimsometraveltips,suchaswhattosee,whattoeat,andhowtogetaround.参考答案：Dearfriend,I'msogladtohearyouaregoingtovisitLondon.InLondon,youcanvisittheBritishMuseum,theTowerofLondon,andBuckinghamPalace.TrysometraditionalBritishfoodlikefishandchips.YoucanusetheLondonUndergroundtogetaround.Haveagreattrip!4.Readthefollowingdialogueandanswerthequestions:A:Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?B:I'mgoingtotakeatripwithmyfamily.a.WhatisBgoingtodothisweekend?b.WhydoesBwanttotakeatrip?参考答案：a.Bisgoingtotakeatripthisweekend.b.Bwantstotakeatripbecausehewantstorelaxandhavefunwithhisfamily.5.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish:“他每天早上都去公园跑步。”参考答案：Hegoestotheparkforaruneverymorning.6.Supposeyouareareporter.InterviewalocalteacherabouttheimportanceofEnglishlearninginthe21stcentury.Writedownthekeypointsoftheinterview(about80words).参考答案：TheteacherthinksEnglishlearningisveryimportantinthe21stcentury.Itcanhelpstudentscommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcountries.Itisalsonecessaryforstudentstogetagoodjobinthefuture.7.Youareamemberoftheschooldebateteam.Yourteamisgoingtodebateonthetopic"Shouldstudentsbeallowedtousesmartphonesinclass?".Writeashortspeech(about70words)statingyourteam'spositionandgivingreasons.参考答案：Inmyopinion,studentsshouldnotbeallowedtousesmartphonesinclass.Itisbecausesmartphonescandistractstudents'attention.Theymayusethemtoplaygamesorchatwiththeirfriendsinsteadoflisteningtotheteacher.Thiswillaffecttheirlearning.8.Imagineyouareatravelagent.Designaone-daytourplanforagroupofstudentsvisitingyourcity.Includethetime,place,activities,andestimatedcost(about100words).参考答案：Tourplan:9:00am-Visitthecitymuseum.11:00am-Havelunchatalocalrestaurant.1:00pm-Gotothebeach.3:00pm-Playsports.5:00pm-Returntothehotel.Estimatedcost:200yuanperperson.标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：B解析：本题考查文章主旨。选项A错误，因为阅读对所有人都有用，不仅仅是学生。选项B正确，因为文章强调阅读可以提高知识和想象力。选项C错误，因为阅读是有益的，不是浪费时间。选项D错误，因为阅读并不无聊或困难，而是有益的。故选B。2.参考答案：C解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。选项A错误，因为“forthreehours”表示一段时间，应该用现在完成进行时。选项B错误，因为“yesterday”表示具体时间，应该用一般过去时。选项C正确，因为“sincelastweek”表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，符合现在完成时的用法。选项D错误，因为“forfiveyears”表示一段时间，应该用现在完成时。故选C。3.参考答案：C解析：本题考查词义辨析。选项A“lazy”意为懒惰，与“ambitious”相反。选项B“friendly”意为友好，与“ambitious”无关。选项C“hardworking”意为勤奋，与“ambitious”意思相近。选项D“shy”意为害羞，与“ambitious”无关。故选C。4.参考答案：A解析：本题考查第二条件式的用法。选项A是第二条件式的正确用法，表示与将来事实相反的假设。选项B是第一条件式的用法，表示将来可能发生的情况。选项C是一般过去时的用法，表示过去发生的动作。选项D是现在进行时的用法，表示正在进行的动作。故选A。5.参考答案：B解析：本题考查动词的过去分词形式。选项A“wrote”是过去式。选项B“written”是过去分词。选项C“writes”是第三人称单数现在式。选项D“writing”是现在分词。故选B。6.参考答案：A解析：本题考查被动语态的用法。选项A是被动语态的正确用法，表示“书被我昨天读完了”。选项B是主动语态，表示“他们现在在公园踢足球”。选项C是一般过去时的用法，表示过去发生的动作。选项D是将来时，表示将来要发生的动作。故选A。7.参考答案：B解析：本题考查“begoingto”表示将来的用法。选项A错误，因为缺少“going”。选项B正确，表示计划好的将来动作。选项C错误，因为缺少“going”。选项D是将来时，表示将来要发生的动作。故选B。8.参考答案：A解析：本题考查过去简单时的用法。选项A是过去简单时的正确用法，表示过去发生的动作。选项B是现在完成时的用法，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。选项C是过去进行时的用法，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。选项D是将来时，表示将来要发生的动作。故选A。9.参考答案：A解析：本题考查现在进行时的用法。选项A是现在进行时的正确用法，表示现在正在进行的动作。选项B是现在完成时的用法，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。选项C是过去进行时的用法，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。选项D是将来时，表示将来要发生的动作。故选A。10.参考答案：A解析：本题考查第一条件式的用法。选项A是第一条件式的正确用法，表示将来可能发生的情况。选项B是第一条件式的用法，但“when”应该用“if”。选项C是一般过去时的用法，表示过去发生的动作。选项D是现在进行时的用法，表示正在进行的动作。故选A。二、填空题1.参考答案：goes解析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“那个男孩每天乘公交车去上学”，描述的是经常性的动作，因此使用一般现在时。goes是go的第三人称单数形式。2.参考答案：playing解析：本题考查动名词。begoodatdoingsth是固定搭配，意为“擅长做某事”。music是名词，需要用动名词形式playing。3.参考答案：seven解析：本题考查时间表达。根据句意“我们今天下午在七点钟开会”，这里需要填入具体的数字。根据上下文，这里应该是指七点钟。4.参考答案：the解析：本题考查冠词。thewaytothenearestsupermarket意为“去最近的超市的路”，特指某一条路，因此需要使用定冠词the。5.参考答案：seven解析：本题考查时间表达。根据句意“我通常在七点钟吃早餐”，这里需要填入具体的数字。根据上下文，这里应该是指七点钟。6.参考答案：taller解析：本题考查形容词的比较级。thanherbrother表示和她的哥哥比较，因此需要使用形容词的比较级taller。7.参考答案：under解析：本题考查介词。根据句意“书在桌子上，但钢笔在下面”，表示钢笔的位置，因此使用under。8.参考答案：very解析：本题考查副词。interested是形容词，需要用副词修饰。veryinterested意为“非常感兴趣”。9.参考答案：seven解析：本题考查时间表达。根据句意“现在几点了？是七点钟。”，这里需要填入具体的数字。根据上下文，这里应该是指七点钟。10.参考答案：should解析：本题考查情态动词。Whatshouldyousuggest?意为“你建议什么呢？”，should表示建议，符合句意。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：Thepassageemphasizestheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionandstatesthatitisasharedresponsibilityamongallindividuals.Thisalignswiththemainideaofthepassage.2.参考答案：√解析：Thepassagediscussesthebenefitsofrecycling,includingreducingwastesenttolandfills.Thisstatementaccuratelyreflectstheinformationprovidedinthepassage.3.参考答案：√解析：Thepassagesuggestsusingreusablebagsasanalternativetoplasticbagstoreducewaste,whichsupportstheideathatpeopleshouldusereusablebagsinsteadofplasticbags.4.参考答案：×解析：Thepassagementionsseveralcausesofenvironmentalproblems,includingindustrialpollution,butitdoesnotimplythatitistheonlymajorcause.Thestatementovergeneralizestheinformationprovided.5.参考答案：√解析：Thepassagedefines"sustainable"asenvironmentallyfriendly,whichisconsistentwiththecommonunderstandingoftheterm.6.参考答案：√解析：Thepassagehighlightstheimpactofindividualactionsonenvironmentalprotection,suggestingthatpersonaleffortscanleadtosignificantpositivechanges.7.参考答案：×解析：Thepassageadvocatesforgovernmentpoliciestoprotecttheenvironment,indicatingthatgovernmentsshouldimplementsuchpolicies,notavoidthem.8.参考答案：×解析：Theword"degrade"inthepassagemeanstodeteriorateorharmthequalityofsomething,nottoimproveit.9.参考答案：×解析：Thepassagesuggeststhatusingpublictransportationisaneffectivewaytoreducepollution,contradictingthestatementthatitisnotagoodway.10.参考答案：×解析：Theauthorconcludesthatwhileenvironmentalissuesarecomplex,individualscancontributetosolvingthem,notthattheyaretoocomplexforindividualstoaddress.四、简答题1.参考答案：BritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishdifferinpronunciation,spelling,andvocabulary.Inpronunciation,BritishEnglishhasReceivedPronunciation,whileAmericanEnglishhasGeneralAmerican.Inspelling,BritishEnglishoftenuses"-re"endings(e.g.,centre),whileAmericanEnglishuses"-er"(e.g.,center).Invocabulary,BritishEnglishuseswordslike"lift"and"flat,"whileAmericanEnglishuses"elevator"and"apartment."解析：本题考查英式英语和美式英语的差异。解析中详细说明了在发音、拼写和词汇方面的区别。英式英语的发音以ReceivedPronunciation为代表，而美式英语以GeneralAmerican为代表。拼写上，英式英语常用"-re"结尾，如"centre"，而美式英语常用"-er"结尾，如"center"。词汇方面，英式英语常用"lift"和"flat"，而美式英语常用"elevator"和"apartment"。这些差异是学生在学习英语时需要注意的重要知识点。2.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribelifeexperiencesorchangesthathavehappenedovertime.Itisformedwiththeauxiliaryverb"have"or"has"followedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"IhavelivedinLondonforfiveyears."Thistenseisalsousedtotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,suchas"ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishsinceshewasachild."解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法。解析中说明了现在完成时用于描述过去发生并持续到现在的经历或变化。现在完成时的构成是助动词"have"或"has"加上主要动词的过去分词。例如，"IhavelivedinLondonforfiveyears."这个时态也用于谈论过去开始并持续到现在的动作，如"ShehasbeenstudyingEnglishsinceshewasachild。"现在完成时是英语语法中的重要时态，学生需要掌握其用法和构成。3.参考答案：Arelativepronounisusedtoconnectanounornounphrasetoaclause.Therelativepronounsare"who,""whom,""whose,""which,"and"that."Forexample,"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister."Inthissentence,"who"istherelativepronounthatintroducestheclauseaboutthegirl.解析：本题考查关系代词的功能。解析中说明了关系代词用于连接名词或名词短语与一个从句。关系代词包括"who,""whom,""whose,""which,"和"that."例如，"Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister."在这个句子中，"who"是关系代词，引导关于女孩的从句。关系代词是英语语法中的重要部分，学生需要掌握其用法和功能。4.参考答案：Writingaformalletterinvolvesseveralnecessarypartsandappropriatelanguage.Thepartsincludethesalutation,date,address,body,closing,andsignature.Thesalutationis"DearMr./Ms.[LastName],"thedateiswrittenbelowthesalutation,theaddressisontheleftside,thebodycontainsthemainmessage,theclosingis"Sincerely,"or"Yoursfaithfully,"andthesignatureisthewriter'sname.Thelanguageshouldbepolite,formal,andclear.解析：本题考查正式信件的写作过程。解析中详细说明了正式信件的必要部分和适当的语言。必要部分包括称呼、日期、地址、正文、结尾和签名。称呼是"DearMr./Ms.[LastName],"日期写在称呼下方，地址在左侧，正文包含主要信息，结尾是"Sincerely,"或"Yoursfaithfully,"签名是写作者的名字。语言应该礼貌、正式、清晰。正式信件的写作是英语写作中的重要技能，学生需要掌握其格式和语言。5.参考答案：Commonstrategiesformakingpredictionsinreadingcomprehensionincludeusingcontextclues,lookingforkeywords,andconsideringtheauthor'spurpose.Contextcluesarehintsinthetextthathelpyouunderstandnewwordsorideas.Keywordslike"however,""therefore,"and"inconclusion"canindicatetheauthor'smainidea.Consideringtheauthor'spurpose,suchasinforming,persuading,orentertaining,canalsohelpmakepredictions.解析：本题考查阅读理解中预测的常见策略。解析中说明了使用上下文线索、寻找关键词和考虑作者目的的策略。上下文线索是文本中帮助理解新单词或想法的提示。关键词如"however,""therefore,"和"inconclusion"可以表明作者的主要思想。考虑作者的目的，如告知、说服或娱乐，也可以帮助做出预测。这些策略是提高阅读理解能力的重要方法。6.参考答案：Adjectivesandadverbscontributetothevividnessandclarityofadescriptionbyaddingdetailsandemotions.Adjectivesdescribenounsandprovidemoreinformationabouttheirqualities,suchas"beautiful,""happy,"and"heavy."Adverbsdescribeverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbsandaddmoredetailabouthowanactionisperformed,suchas"quickly,""very,"and"happily."Forexample,"Thebeautifulgirlsanghappily"usesbothadjectivesandadverbstocreateavividimage.解析：本题考查形容词和副词在描述中的作用。解析中说明了形容词和副词通过添加细节和情感来增加描述的生动性和清晰度。形容词描述名词，提供更多关于其质量的信息，如"beautiful,""happy,"和"heavy."副词描述动词、形容词或其他副词，添加更多关于动作如何执行的细节，如"quickly,""very,"和"happily."例如，"Thebeautifulgirlsanghappily"使用形容词和副词来创造一个生动的图像。形容词和副词是英语写作中的重要部分，学生需要掌握其用法和功能。7.参考答案：Transitionwordsareimportantforconnectingideasandparagraphsinwritingbecausetheyshowtherelationshipbetweensentencesandparagraphs.Commontransitionwordsinclude"however,""therefore,""inaddition,"and"forexample."Usingtransitionwordshelpsthereaderfollowthewriter'strainofthoughtandunderstandtheorganizationofthetext.Forexample,"Theweatherwascold,however,weenjoyedthepicnic."解析：本题考查过渡词在写作中连接思想和段落的重要性。解析中说明了过渡词因为显示句子和段落之间的关系而重要。常见的过渡词包括"however,""therefore,""inaddition,"和"forexample."使用过渡词帮助读者跟随作者的思路并理解文本的组织。例如，"Theweatherwascold,however,weenjoyedthepicnic."过渡词是英语写作中的重要工具，学生需要掌握其用法和功能。8.参考答案：Thepassivevoiceisformedbyusingtheverb"tobe"intheappropriatetensefollowedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyJohn."Inthissentence,"waswritten"isthepassivevoice,and"byJohn"indicatesthedoer.Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthedoerisunknown,unimportant,orobvious.Forexample,"Thewindowwasbroken"impliesthatsomeonebrokethewindow,butthedoerisnotspecified.解析：本题考查被动语态的构成和用法。解析中说明了被动语态的构成是使用适当的时态的动词"tobe"加上主要动词的过去分词。例如，"Thebookwaswritten