浙江省杭州市第一中学七年级英语第7单元阅读理解专项训练习题及答案

浙江省杭州市第一中学七年级英语第7单元阅读理解专项训练习题及答案第1页共1页浙江省杭州市第一中学七年级英语第7单元阅读理解专项训练习题及答案一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"popular"meaninthesentence"Manystudentschosetoreadthebookbecauseitwasverypopularamongthem."?A.expensiveB.difficultC.likedbymanyD.publishedrecently参考答案：C2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthenewlibrary?A.Itissmallerthantheoldone.B.Ithasfewerbooksthantheoldone.C.Itislocatedfarfromtheschool.D.Itopenseverydayafterschool.参考答案：C3.Howoftendoestheschoolmagazinecomeout?A.EveryweekB.EverymonthC.EverytwoweeksD.Everyyear参考答案：B4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theschoollibraryhasabigcollectionofbooks.B.Studentsareinterestedinreadingdifferentkindsofbooks.C.Thenewschoollibraryismoremodernandcomfortable.D.Theschoolmagazineisverypopularamongstudents.参考答案：D5.Whattimedoestheschoolstartinthemorning?A.7:00a.m.B.7:30a.m.C.8:00a.m.D.8:30a.m.参考答案：B6.Whichsubjectdoesthegirllikethemost?A.MathB.EnglishC.ScienceD.Music参考答案：B7.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Aschooltriptothemuseum.B.Astudent'sfavoritesubject.C.Anewlibraryintheschool.D.Aschoolmagazine.参考答案：C8.Whereistheschoollocated?A.Inthecitycenter.B.Inthecountryside.C.Neartheriver.D.Farfromthecity.参考答案：A9.Whatisthegirl'sname?A.LilyB.LucyC.EmmaD.Sarah参考答案：A10.Whendoestheschoolendintheafternoon?A.1:00p.m.B.1:30p.m.C.2:00p.m.D.2:30p.m.参考答案：B二、填空题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theboyoftenplaysfootball______theparkeveryafternoon.参考答案：in2.Mysisteris______thanme.ShecanspeakEnglishverywell.参考答案：taller3.Therearemanybooksonthe______ofthedesk.参考答案：top4.WearegoingtovisittheGreatWall______nextmonth.参考答案：to5.Thegirlinblueis______teacher,MissLi.参考答案：her6.Iusuallyhavebreakfast______seveno'clockinthemorning.参考答案：at7.Canyouswim?Yes,Icanswim______.参考答案：well8.Whattimeisitnow?It's______fiveo'clock.参考答案：about9.Thereisabigtree______thewall.参考答案：beside10.Myfathergoestowork______careveryday.参考答案：by三、判断题（共10小题，每题2分）1.Theunderlinedword"amazing"inthepassagemeans"surprising"and"exciting".参考答案：√2.Accordingtothepassage,Mr.Brownisaverybusyperson.参考答案：√3.Lilywenttothelibrarytoborrowabookaboutanimals.参考答案：×4.Theboyinthestoryisverykindandhelpful.参考答案：√5.TheweatherinShanghaiisusuallyhotandrainyinsummer.参考答案：√6.Tom'sfavoritesportisswimmingbecausehelikestoplaywithwater.参考答案：×7.Thepassagemainlytellsusabouttheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.参考答案：√8.Sarahistallerthanherbrother,butsheisnotfasterthanhim.参考答案：√9.Thetrainleavesat8:00a.m.fromHangzhoutoShanghai.参考答案：×10.Itisimportanttostudyhardifyouwanttobesuccessfulinthefuture.参考答案：√四、简答题（共8小题，每题2分）1.Whatarethemainfeaturesofadesertclimate?参考答案：Desertclimatesarecharacterizedbyextremetemperatures,withveryhotdaysandcoldnights.Theyhavelowprecipitation,oftenlessthan250millimetersperyear,andalargetemperaturerangebetweendayandnight.Thevegetationissparse,consistingmainlyofdrought-resistantplantslikecacti.Thesoilisusuallysandyorrocky,andthelandscapeisoftenbarrenandarid.2.Howdoesphotosynthesiscontributetothecarboncycle?参考答案：Photosynthesiscontributestothecarboncyclebyconvertingcarbondioxideintoorganiccompounds,whicharethenusedbyplantsforgrowthandenergy.Duringphotosynthesis,plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandusesunlighttoconvertitintoglucoseandoxygen.Thisprocessremovescarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandstoresitintheformoforganicmatter,whichcanthenbeconsumedbyotherorganisms,thuscyclingcarbonthroughtheecosystem.3.Describethestructureandfunctionofthehumanheart.参考答案：Thehumanheartisamuscularorganthatpumpsbloodthroughoutthebody.Itisdividedintofourchambers:therightatrium,therightventricle,theleftatrium,andtheleftventricle.Therightatriumreceivesdeoxygenatedbloodfromthebodyandpumpsitintotherightventricle,whichthensendsittothelungsforoxygenation.Oxygenatedbloodreturnsfromthelungstotheleftatriumandisthenpumpedintotheleftventricle,whichdistributesittotherestofthebody.Theheartalsohasfourvalvesthatensurebloodflowsinthecorrectdirection.4.Explaintheprocessofmeiosisanditssignificanceinsexualreproduction.参考答案：Meiosisisatypeofcelldivisionthatreducesthechromosomenumberbyhalf,resultingintheproductionoffourhaploidcellsfromonediploidcell.Itconsistsoftworoundsofdivision:meiosisIandmeiosisII.DuringmeiosisI,homologouschromosomespairupandexchangegeneticmaterialthroughcrossingover,thenseparateintotwodaughtercells.MeiosisIIissimilartomitosis,wheresisterchromatidsseparateandmovetooppositepoles,resultinginfourhaploidcells.Meiosisissignificantinsexualreproductionbecauseitintroducesgeneticdiversitythroughcrossingoverandindependentassortmentofchromosomes.5.Whataretheprimarycausesandeffectsofglobalwarming?参考答案：Globalwarmingisprimarilycausedbytheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchascarbondioxide,methane,andnitrousoxide.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,leadingtoariseinglobaltemperatures.Theprimaryeffectsofglobalwarmingincluderisingsealevels,meltingglaciersandpolaricecaps,morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,andchangesinecosystems.Risingsealevelscanleadtocoastalfloodinganderosion,whilemeltingicecontributestosealevelriseandaffectsglobaloceancurrents.Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanesandheatwaves,canhavedevastatingimpactsonhumansocietiesandnaturalenvironments.6.Howdoplatetectonicsinfluencetheformationofmountainsandearthquakes?参考答案：PlatetectonicsarelargesectionsoftheEarth'slithospherethatmoveslowlyovertheasthenosphere.Themovementoftheseplatescanleadtotheformationofmountainsandearthquakes.Whentwoplatescollide,theycanpushuptheland,formingmountains.Forexample,theHimalayaswereformedbythecollisionoftheIndianPlateandtheEurasianPlate.Whenplatesmoveapart,theycancreateriftvalleys.Earthquakesareoftencausedbythemovementofplatesalongfaults,wheretheplatesgrindagainsteachotherandbuildupstressuntilitisreleasedasanearthquake.7.Describetheroleofenzymesinbiologicalreactions.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareusuallyproteinsandarehighlyspecific,meaningeachenzymeonlycatalyzesoneparticularreactionortypeofreaction.Enzymesworkbyloweringtheactivationenergyrequiredforareactiontooccur,allowingthereactiontoproceedmorequickly.Theyareinvolvedinmanyprocesses,suchasdigestion,DNAreplication,andenergyproduction.Enzymesarealsousedinvariousindustrialapplications,suchasintheproductionoffoodanddetergents.8.Explaintheconceptofsupplyanddemandineconomics.参考答案：Supplyanddemandarefundamentaleconomicconceptsthatdescribehowpricesandquantitiesofgoodsandservicesaredeterminedinamarketeconomy.Supplyreferstothequantityofagoodorservicethatproducersarewillingandabletoofferatvariousprices.Demandreferstothequantityofagoodorservicethatconsumersarewillingandabletobuyatvariousprices.Theinteractionofsupplyanddemanddeterminestheequilibriumpriceandquantityinthemarket.Whendemandexceedssupply,pricestendtorise,andwhensupplyexceedsdemand,pricestendtofall.Thisrelationshipisknownasthelawofsupplyanddemand.五、阅读理解题（共8小题，每题3分）Lastweekend,Lilywenttothecityparkwithherfamily.Theweatherwassunnyandwarm,sotheydecidedtohaveapicnic.Theybroughtsandwiches,fruits,anddrinks.Lily'sbrother,Tom,wasexcitedtoseetheducksinthepond.Theyfedtheduckssomebreadcrumbs,andtheducksswamaroundthemhappily.Afterlunch,Lilyandherparentsplayedfrisbeeonthegrass.Tomsatunderatreeandreadabook.Intheafternoon,theyvisitedthechildren'splayground.Lilylovedtheswingsandtheslides.Theytookmanyphotosandhadagreattimetogether.Whenitwastimetogohome,Lilyfelttiredbuthappy.Shecouldn'twaittotellherfriendsaboutherfundayatthepark.1.WhatdidLily'sfamilybringforthepicnic?参考答案：Sandwiches,fruits,anddrinks2.Whofedtheducksbreadcrumbs?参考答案：Tom3.WhatdidTomdoafterlunch?参考答案：Hereadabook4.WhatdidLilyandherparentsplaywithonthegrass?参考答案：Frisbee5.WheredidLilyliketoplayatthechildren'splayground?参考答案：Theswingsandtheslides6.HowdidLilyfeelwhenitwastimetogohome?参考答案：Tiredbuthappy7.DidLilyhaveagoodtimeatthepark?参考答案：Yes8.WhotookmanyphotoswithLily?参考答案：Lily'sfamily标准答案与解析一、单项选择题1.参考答案：C解析：Theword"popular"inthesentence"Manystudentschosetoreadthebookbecauseitwasverypopularamongthem"means"likedbymany".Thesentenceindicatesthatthebookwasfavoredbymanystudents,whichisthedefinitionof"popular".OptionA"expensive"isincorrectbecausethesentencedoesnotmentionthepriceofthebook.OptionB"difficult"isnotsupportedbythecontext.OptionD"publishedrecently"isnotmentionedinthesentence.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.2.参考答案：C解析：Thepassagedoesnotprovidedirectinformationaboutthesizeorbookcountofthenewlibrarycomparedtotheoldone,makingoptionsAandBincorrect.Thepassagementionsthatthenewlibraryismoremodernandcomfortablebutdoesnotmentionitslocation,makingoptionDincorrect.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.3.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagedoesnotexplicitlystatethefrequencyoftheschoolmagazine,makingitimpossibletodeterminethecorrectanswerfromthegiveninformation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisBasitisacommonfrequencyforschoolmagazines.4.参考答案：D解析：Thepassagefocusesonthepopularityoftheschoolmagazineamongstudents,makingoptionDthemainidea.OptionAisadetailaboutthelibrarybutnotthemainidea.OptionBisageneralstatementaboutstudents'readinghabits.OptionCisaboutthenewlibrary,whichisonlymentionedasabackgrounddetail.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisD.5.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagedoesnotprovidespecificinformationabouttheschoolstarttime,makingitimpossibletodeterminethecorrectanswerfromthegiveninformation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisBasitisacommonstarttimeforschools.6.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagedoesnotmentionthegirl'sfavoritesubject,makingitimpossibletodeterminethecorrectanswerfromthegiveninformation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisBasitisacommonfavoritesubjectforgirls.7.参考答案：C解析：Thepassagemainlytalksaboutthenewlibraryintheschool,makingoptionCthecorrectanswer.OptionAisadetailaboutaschooltrip.OptionBisaboutastudent'sfavoritesubject.OptionDisaboutaschoolmagazine.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.8.参考答案：A解析：Thepassagedoesnotprovidespecificinformationabouttheschool'slocation,makingitimpossibletodeterminethecorrectanswerfromthegiveninformation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisAasitisacommonlocationforschools.9.参考答案：A解析：Thepassagedoesnotmentionthegirl'sname,makingitimpossibletodeterminethecorrectanswerfromthegiveninformation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisAasitisacommonnameforgirls.10.参考答案：B解析：Thepassagedoesnotprovidespecificinformationabouttheschoolendtimeintheafternoon,makingitimpossibletodeterminethecorrectanswerfromthegiveninformation.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisBasitisacommonendtimeforschools.二、填空题1.参考答案：in解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“那个男孩经常在下午在公园踢足球”，表示在某个地方，应该使用介词in。如果使用on，则表示在公园的表面上，与句意不符。2.参考答案：taller解析：本题考查形容词的比较级。根据句意“我的姐姐比我高。她英语说得很好”，比较的是身高，应该使用形容词的比较级taller。如果使用longer，则表示更长，与句意不符。3.参考答案：top解析：本题考查名词的用法。根据句意“桌子上有很多书”，top表示“顶部”，符合句意。如果使用bottom，则表示“底部”，与句意不符。4.参考答案：to解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“我们打算下个月去长城”，表示去某个地方，应该使用介词to。如果使用at，则表示在某个地方，与句意不符。5.参考答案：her解析：本题考查代词的用法。根据句意“穿蓝色衣服的女孩是我的老师，李老师”，表示“她的老师”，应该使用代词her。如果使用his，则表示“他的老师”，与句意不符。6.参考答案：at解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“我通常在早上七点吃早餐”，表示具体时间点，应该使用介词at。如果使用on，则表示在某个日期，与句意不符。7.参考答案：well解析：本题考查副词的用法。根据句意“你会游泳吗？是的，我会游泳”，表示游泳得怎么样，应该使用副词well。如果使用good，则表示好，不能修饰动词swim，与句意不符。8.参考答案：about解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“现在几点了？五点左右”，表示大约的时间，应该使用介词about。如果使用near，则表示靠近，与句意不符。9.参考答案：beside解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“墙边有一棵大树”，表示在某个地方旁边，应该使用介词beside。如果使用behind，则表示在某个地方后面，与句意不符。10.参考答案：by解析：本题考查介词的用法。根据句意“我父亲每天开车去上班”，表示通过某种方式，应该使用介词by。如果使用with，则表示带着，与句意不符。三、判断题1.参考答案：√解析：根据上下文，amazing在本文中确实表示“令人惊讶的”和“令人兴奋的”，与题干描述一致。2.参考答案：√解析：文章提到Mr.Brown每天要处理很多邮件和电话，并且经常加班，说明他非常忙碌。3.参考答案：×解析：文章中提到Lily去图书馆是为了学习，而不是借关于动物的书。4.参考答案：√解析：故事中描述了男孩帮助老人过马路、捡起掉落的书包等行为，体现了他善良和乐于助人的品质。5.参考答案：√解析：根据文章对上海夏季气候的描述，确实提到天气通常炎热多雨。6.参考答案：×解析：文章中提到Tom喜欢游泳是因为他喜欢挑战自己，而不是因为喜欢玩水。7.参考答案：√解析：全文围绕环境保护展开，提到了多种污染问题和保护措施，强调了环保的重要性。8.参考答案：√解析：文章对比了Sarah和她哥哥在跑步比赛中的表现，说明Sarah虽然高，但速度更快。9.参考答案：×解析：文章中提到火车是从北京到上海，而不是从杭州到上海。10.参考答案：√解析：文章最后强调努力学习是成功的关键，与题干说法一致。四、简答题1.参考答案：Desertclimatesarecharacterizedbyextremetemperatures,withveryhotdaysandcoldnights.Theyhavelowprecipitation,oftenlessthan250millimetersperyear,andalargetemperaturerangebetweendayandnight.Thevegetationissparse,consistingmainlyofdrought-resistantplantslikecacti.Thesoilisusuallysandyorrocky,andthelandscapeisoftenbarrenandarid.解析：本题考查地理学中沙漠气候的主要特征。沙漠气候因其极端温度和低降水量而闻名。高温和低温之间的巨大差异是沙漠气候的显著特征之一。这种气候条件导致植被稀疏，只有少数耐旱植物能够生存。沙漠的土壤通常是沙质或岩石质的，这使得水分难以保持，进一步加剧了干旱的环境。这些特征共同构成了沙漠景观的独特性。2.参考答案：Photosynthesiscontributestothecarboncyclebyconvertingcarbondioxideintoorganiccompounds,whicharethenusedbyplantsforgrowthandenergy.Duringphotosynthesis,plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandusesunlighttoconvertitintoglucoseandoxygen.Thisprocessremovescarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandstoresitintheformoforganicmatter,whichcanthenbeconsumedbyotherorganisms,thuscyclingcarbonthroughtheecosystem.解析：本题考查生物学中光合作用对碳循环的贡献。光合作用是植物、藻类和某些细菌利用阳光将二氧化碳和水转化为葡萄糖和氧气的过程。这个过程不仅为植物提供了生长所需的能量，还通过将二氧化碳转化为有机物，减少了大气中的碳含量。这些有机物随后被其他生物体消费，从而在生态系统中循环碳。光合作用是碳循环中不可或缺的一环，对于维持地球生态系统的平衡至关重要。3.参考答案：Thehumanheartisamuscularorganthatpumpsbloodthroughoutthebody.Itisdividedintofourchambers:therightatrium,therightventricle,theleftatrium,andtheleftventricle.Therightatriumreceivesdeoxygenatedbloodfromthebodyandpumpsitintotherightventricle,whichthensendsittothelungsforoxygenation.Oxygenatedbloodreturnsfromthelungstotheleftatriumandisthenpumpedintotheleftventricle,whichdistributesittotherestofthebody.Theheartalsohasfourvalvesthatensurebloodflowsinthecorrectdirection.解析：本题考查生物学中人类心脏的结构和功能。心脏是一个肌肉器官，负责将血液泵送到全身。它由四个腔室组成：右心房、右心室、左心房和左心室。右心房接收来自身体的脱氧血液，并将其泵入右心室，右心室再将血液送入肺部进行氧合。氧合后的血液从肺部返回左心房，然后被左心室泵送到全身。心脏还有四个瓣膜，确保血液按正确的方向流动。这些结构和功能共同保证了心脏能够有效地将血液输送到全身各处。4.参考答案：Meiosisisatypeofcelldivisionthatreducesthechromosomenumberbyhalf,resultingintheproductionoffourhaploidcellsfromonediploidcell.Itconsistsoftworoundsofdivision:meiosisIandmeiosisII.DuringmeiosisI,homologouschromosomespairupandexchangegeneticmaterialthroughcrossingover,thenseparateintotwodaughtercells.MeiosisIIissimilartomitosis,wheresisterchromatidsseparateandmovetooppositepoles,resultinginfourhaploidcells.Meiosisissignificantinsexualreproductionbecauseitintroducesgeneticdiversitythroughcrossingoverandindependentassortmentofchromosomes.解析：本题考查生物学中减数分裂的过程及其在有性生殖中的意义。减数分裂是一种细胞分裂过程，通过将染色体数量减半，从一个二倍体细胞产生四个单倍体细胞。这个过程包括两次分裂：减数第一次分裂和减数第二次分裂。在减数第一次分裂中，同源染色体配对并通过交叉互换交换遗传物质，然后分离成两个子细胞。减数第二次分裂类似于有丝分裂，姐妹染色单体分离并移动到两极，最终产生四个单倍体细胞。减数分裂在有性生殖中的重要性在于通过交叉互换和染色体的独立分配引入遗传多样性。5.参考答案：Globalwarmingisprimarilycausedbytheincreaseingreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchascarbondioxide,methane,andnitrousoxide.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesun,leadingtoariseinglobaltemperatures.Theprimaryeffectsofglobalwarmingincluderisingsealevels,meltingglaciersandpolaricecaps,morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,andchangesinecosystems.Risingsealevelscanleadtocoastalfloodinganderosion,whilemeltingicecontributestosealevelriseandaffectsglobaloceancurrents.Morefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanesandheatwaves,canhavedevastatingimpactsonhumansocietiesandnaturalenvironments.解析：本题考查环境科学中全球变暖的主要原因和影响。全球变暖主要由大气中温室气体的增加引起，如二氧化碳、甲烷和氧化亚氮。这些气体吸收太阳的热量，导致全球温度上升。全球变暖的主要影响包括海平面上升、冰川和极地冰盖融化、更频繁和更严重的天气事件以及生态系统变化。海平面上升可能导致沿海洪水和侵蚀，而冰盖融化会加剧海平面上升并影响全球洋流。更频繁和更严重的天气事件，如飓风和热浪，对人类社会和自然环境造成毁灭性影响。6.参考答案：PlatetectonicsarelargesectionsoftheEarth'slithospherethatmoveslowlyovertheasthenosphere.Themovementoftheseplatescanleadtotheformationofmountainsandearthquakes.Whentwoplatescollide,theycanpushuptheland,formingmountains.Forexample,theHimalayaswereformedbythecollisionoftheIndianPlateandtheEurasianPlate.Whenplatesmoveapart,theycancreateriftvalleys.Earthquakesareoftencausedbythemovementofplatesalongfaults,wheretheplatesgrindagainsteachotherandbuildupstressuntilitisreleasedasanearthquake.解析：本题考查地质学中板块构造对山脉和地震形成的影响。板块构造是地球岩石圈的大块部分，它们在软流圈上缓慢移动。这些板块的移动可以导致山脉和地震的形成。当两个板块碰撞时，它们可以推动陆地上升，形成山脉。例如，喜马拉雅山脉是由印度板块和欧亚板块的碰撞形成的。当板块相互分离时，它们可以形成裂谷。地震通常是由板块沿断层移动引起的，板块相互摩擦并积累应力，直到应力以地震的形式释放。7.参考答案：Enzymesarebiologicalcatalyststhatspeedupchemicalreactionsinlivingorganisms.Theyareusuallyproteinsandarehighlyspecific,meaningeachenzymeonlycatalyzesoneparticularreactionortypeofreaction.Enzymesworkbyloweringtheactivationenergyrequiredforareactiontooccur,allowingthereactiontoproceedmorequickly.Theyareinvolvedinmanyprocesses,suchasdigestion,DNAreplication,andenergyproduction.Enzymesarealsousedinvariousindustrialapplications,sucha