阅读理解专题强化练　C、D篇阅读强化练(四)

阅读理解专题强化练C、D篇阅读强化练(四)(分值：30分)授课提示：对应专题检测题题过37页A(2025·武昌区高三年级质量检测)Inaworking-classneighborhoodonthesouthsideofElPaso,thetap,tap,tapofJoseContreras'hammer(锤子)echoesfrominsidethebluewarehouseonCottonStreet.Nearby,VictorRodrigueznarrowshiseyesashegentlymovesonesideofaboottopbeneaththeneedleofanantiqueSingersewingmachine,creatingaflame-shapedstitch(针脚)incleanwhitethread.“Theseguysaresomeofthebestintheworld，”saysJoeySanchez,ownerofthebootcompanyCABOOTS,whosefamilyhasemployedContrerasandRodriguezformorethan30years.ButwhenhelooksaroundthetinyshoponCottonStreet,hecan'thelpbutrememberthewayitusedtobe.“WhenIwasakid,thisplacewasloadedwithbootmakers.”hesays,recallingthenoisecreatedbytheirhammers,sanders,andsewingmachines.Today,ContrerasandRodriguezaren'tjusttheonlybootmakersintheshop—evenintheirearly60s,they'reamongtheyoungestbootmakersleftinthebusiness.There'sanameforcraftsmenlikethem,accordingtoSanchez.Agujasdeoro,orGoldenNeedles,areartisanswhostillknowhowtomakebootstheold-fashionedway.Manyhavebeendoingitsincetheywerekids,growingupneartheUnitedStates-Mexicoborder.Asbigbootcompaniesturnedtotechnologytostreamlineproductionandreducecosts,producersinElPaso—wherecelebritieslikeTaylorSwiftstillarrivetopickouttheirflashyfootwear—arestrugglingtoreplacetheseartisanswhentheyretireorpassaway.Infact，AgujasdeoroareinsuchhighdemandaroundtheTexasbordertownthatmanyofthemworkatmorethanoneshop.“Shoemakersareadyinggroup，”JoseSanchezsays,noddingtowardRodriguezandContreras,eachpreoccupiedbythebitofleatherintheirhands.“Youjustcan'tfindguysliketheseanymore.Allthestufftheydobyhand,otherpeopledowithmachines.Butmachinesjustdon'tdoitaswell.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国埃尔帕索(ElPaso)传统靴匠面临的行业困境：随着大型制靴公司转向技术生产，以Contreras和Rodriguez为代表的传统手工匠(Agujasdeoro，“金针”)逐渐老龄化，技艺传承后继无人，传统制靴工艺面临衰退。1．Whatisthemainpurposeofthesecondparagraph？()A．Tohighlightthedeclineofbootmaking.B．TointroduceJoeySanchez'schildhood.C．Toshowcasebootmakingtechniques.D．Todescribetheworkenvironment.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中JoeySanchez回忆内容“‘WhenIwasakid,thisplacewasloadedwithbootmakers.’”可知，JoeySanchez小时候靴匠云集，可推理出第二段通过对比过去靴匠云集的热闹场景与当下店铺里仅存几位工匠的现状，突出传统制靴行业的衰退。故选A。2．WhyareContrerasandRodriguezcalled“amongtheyoungest”intheirfield？()A．Theyadoptednewtechniques.B．Theystartedboot-makinglate.C．Mostartisanshaveretiredordied.D．Thebootshophiredseniorcraftsmen.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，许多传统工匠已退休或离世，导致Contreras和Rodriguez在行业中成为“相对年轻”的存在。故选C。3．WhatmakesAgujasdeorohighlyvalued？()A．Theirrelianceonmassproduction.B．Theircontributiontoreducedcosts.C．Theirpreferenceforfamousclients.D．Theircommitmenttotraditionalskills.答案：D解析：细节理解题。第三段提到“Agujasdeoro,orGoldenNeedles,areartisanswhostillknowhowtomakebootstheold-fashionedway.”以及最后一段进一步强调“‘Allthestufftheydobyhand,otherpeopledowithmachines.Butmachinesjustdon'tdoitaswell.’”可知，他们因对传统手工技艺的坚守而备受重视。故选D。4．WhatisJoseSanchez'sattitudetowardsthefutureofshoemakers？()A．Hopeful.B．Pessimistic.C．Excited.D．Unconcerned.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，何塞·桑切斯认为制鞋匠这个群体正在逐渐消失，很难找到像他们这样的手艺人了，可推断其对传统鞋匠的未来持悲观态度。故选B。B(2025·重庆高三下学期第三次调研)Traditionalphysicaleducationprograms,oftencenteredaroundteamsports,havelongbeenasourceoffrustrationformanyteens.Activitieslikesoccer,baseball,anddodgeballcanfeelexclusionary(排他的),especiallyforstudentswholackathleticabilityorstrugglewithcoordination.Shorterorslowerstudents,forinstance,mayfeelembarrassedorleftout,whileotherssimplyfindtheseactivitiesunappealing.Thistraditionalmodelnotonlyfailstoengagemanyteensbutalsocontributestoasedentarylifestyle,particularlyinagenerationalreadygluedtoscreens.AlternativePhysicalEducation(PE)isemergingasasolutiontothesechallenges.Designedtobeinclusive,theseprogramscatertoawiderangeofinterestsandabilities,helpingcombatinactivityandobesity.AccordingtotheAmericanHeartAssociation,oneinthreeteensisobese,andinactiveteens—regardlessofweight—oftenstrugglewithstressandsocialinteractions.AlternativePEshiftsthefocusfromweightlosstooverallwell-being,emphasizingfunandhealth.ActivitiesinalternativePEvarywidely.Ropescourses,whichpromoteteamworkandphysicalstrength,remainpopular.Weighttraininghelpsbuildcorestrength,whilemindfulness-basedactivitieslikeyogaandPilatesimproveflexibilityandmentalhealth.Someprogramsevencoveroutdooractivitieslikefishing,encouragingteenstospendtimeoutsideandreducescreentime.Additionally,interactivesoftwareactivities,suchasvirtualtennisordance,usethepopularityofvideogamestoengagestudents.ThegoalofalternativePEisnotjusttomaketeenshealthierbuttofosterlifelonghabits.Byreducingstress,boostingself-respect,andofferingenjoyableactivities,theseprogramshelpteensdevelopapositiverelationshipwithphysicalactivity.Formany,thisapproachisfarmoreeffectivethantraditionalsports,whichoftenleavestudentsdisinterestedordemoralized.Ultimately,alternativePEaimstocreateagenerationthatvaluesphysicalactivity—notjustforhealth,butforhappiness.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了替代性体育教育正成为解决传统体育教育问题的新趋势。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sedentary”mostlikelymean？()A．Active.B．Inactive.C．Competitive.D．Cooperative.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段中画线词后“particularlyinagenerationalreadygluedtoscreens(尤其是在已经沉迷于屏幕的一代中)”可推知，画线词所在句子表达：这种传统模式不仅无法吸引许多青少年，还助长了不活跃的生活方式，画线词意为“不活跃的”。故选B。6．WhatisthemaingoalsofalternativePEmentionedinthepassage？()A．Reducingscreentimeforteenagers.B．Ensuringallstudentsjointeamsports.C．Strengtheningteenagers'athleticabilities.D．Aidingteenagerswithstressandself-respect.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ThegoalofalternativePEisnotjusttomaketeenshealthierbuttofosterlifelonghabits.Byreducingstress,boostingself-respect,andofferingenjoyableactivities,theseprogramshelpteensdevelopapositiverelationshipwithphysicalactivity.”可知，替代性体育教育的主要目标是帮助青少年应对压力和提升自尊。故选D。7．WhydoestraditionalPEfailtoengageallstudents？()A．Itfocusesmoreonphysicalability.B．Itlacksfunandexercisingtime.C．Itprovidesnooutdooractivities.D．Itemphasizesteamworkmerely.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Activitieslikesoccer,baseball,anddodgeballcanfeelexclusionary,especiallyforstudentswholackathleticabilityorstrugglewithcoordination.”可知，传统体育教育更注重运动能力，这使得那些缺乏运动能力或协调能力较差的学生感到被排斥，因此无法吸引所有学生。故选A。8．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？()A．TraditionalPE:ASourceofStressB．SolutionstoTeenager'sover-weightC．AlternativePE:AGrowingTrendD．PE'sRoleinMentalHealth答案：C解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了传统体育教育存在的问题以及替代性体育教育作为解决方案的兴起。故选C。C(2025·四川部分学校高三联考)Around370millionyearsago,anancientanimalancestorofhumans—asalamander-like(类似蝾螈的)creature—lefttheoceanforland.Sincethen,lifehasmovedforwardonland.Butnow,armedwithcutting-edgetechnology,humansareexploringwaystoventurebeyondtheground:constructingtallskyscrapers,planningmoonbases,andevenattemptingtoreturntotheocean.Forinstance,aUKcompanywantstobuildpermanentsubaqueousresidencesby2027.Theirleadersaystheywanttoreplicatethethrillofspaceexplorationtoattractsmartpeopletoinvestigatethesea．Currently,95%oftheEarth'soceansremainunexplored,givingthemasubstantialopportunity.Thecompanyplanstouse3D-printedmetalhomestosurviveoceanpressure.Theirfirstsmallstationwillbereadythisyear.Itisasbigasasmallclassroomandcanhold3diversatadepthof100metersintotheoceanforshorttrips.Biggerstationswilllaterallow6peopletoliveforamonth,withbedrooms,kitchens,andlabs.Inthe1960s,earlysubmarinelabsletpeoplestayforaboutamonth.In2023,aprofessornamedJosephDituribroketherecordbylivingbeneaththeocean'ssurfacefor100days.Hisbodychangedslightly—likeshrinkinghalfaninch—buthestayedhealthy.Still,scientistswarnlong-termlivingbeneaththeocean'ssurfacemightharmbloodflow,andreturningtothesurfacetoofastcanbedeadly.Anotherproblemiswildlife.Oceananimalsalreadysufferfromwarmingwaters,andbuildingmetalhomescoulddamagetheirhabitats.NancyKnowlton,amarinescienceprofessorintheUS,said,“Humanshavenotdoneenoughtoprotecttheocean.WhiletheUKcompanyclaimstheywanttostudyandprotectsealife,wefearthismightcausenewissues.”Despitechallenges,thecompanyhasbigdreamsbeneaththeocean'ssurface：10stationsworldwideby2035,andthefirst“baby”bornbeneaththewavesby2050.Theirleaderstresses,“Wecan'tignoretheoceansanymore—protectingthemiskeytotheEarth'sfuture.Justasourancestorsleftthesealongago,humankind,inmyview,mightnowstartanewchapterbeneaththewaves.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述英国一家公司计划建造海底永久居住站以探索海洋，以及该计划面临的挑战和科学家的担忧。9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subaqueous”inParagraph1probablymean？()A．Surficial.B．Spacial.C．Underwater.D．Urban.答案：C解析：词义猜测题。根据前文的“evenattemptingtoreturntotheocean”以及第二段描述该公司要在海洋中建造相关设施“该公司计划使用3D打印的金属房屋来抵御海洋压力。他们的第一个小型站点将于今年完工。它和一个小教室一样大，可以容纳3名潜水员在100米深的海洋中进行短途旅行。”可知，该公司要建造的是水下住宅，所以subaqueous意为“水下的”。故选C。10．WhatisthecommonpurposeofearlysubmarinelabsandtheUKcompany'sstati