2025~2026学年河南信阳市五县一区高二下学期期末考试英语试卷

2025~2026学年河南信阳市五县一区高二下学期期末考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Therearemorethan100,000lakesacrosstheUnitedStates.Belowareincrediblelakesworthasummervisit.LakeTahoe,California-NevadaNorthAmerica’slargestalpine(高山的)lakefloatsat6,222feetabovesealevelintheSierraNevadamountainrange.Knownas“BigBlue,”LakeTahoeisrenownedforitsamazingwaterclarity.Tahoeprovidesvisitorswithnumerousactivities,includingpaddle-boardingandtheannualLakeTahoeShakespeareFestival.LakeChelan,WashingtonLakeChelanfillsastunningglacier-carvedvalleyintheCascadesRangeofnorthernWashington.Morethanadozenwinefactorieswithtoursandtastingroomsoverlookthelake’ssouthernextreme.Manyofferoutdoorseatingwithlakeviewsandlivemusicinthesummer,liketheannualLakeChelanWine&JazzFestival.LakeClark,AlaskaThecoastishometothepark’sgrizzlies(灰熊),whichlookgreatinphotos,butthewiderlakeregionseesplentyofothercreatures,includingcaribou,Dallsheep,moose,wolves,andmorethan100speciesofbirds.TheonlywaytoreachLakeClarkisbyflyingoversomeofAlaska’smostamazinglandscapes,fromAnchoragetoPortAlsworth.LakeCoeurd’Alene,IdahoLocatedintheIdahoPanhandle,LakeCoeurd’Alenehasbeenattractingvisitorstoitsstrikingcleardeep-bluewaters.Whetheryougosoloorboardarentalboatonthelake,fishingintheareaissuperb.Coeurd’Alenecityisfullofartgalleries,lakecruises,shorelinehikes,agolfcourse,andevenscubadivingtoviewsunkenModel-TFordsandsteamboatwrecks.1.WhatdoLakeTahoeandLakeCoeurd’Alenehaveincommon?

A．Theyarelocatedinthesamemountainrange.B．Theyofferlivemusicperformancesoutdoors.C．Theyarehometomanycamera-friendlyanimals.D．Theyarefamousforclearblue-coloredlakewater.2.WhatcanpeopledoinLakeChelan,Washington?

A．Haveatasteofthewine.B．Takephotoswithgrizzlies.C．ObserveShakespeareFestival.D．Divetoviewsteamboatwrecks.3.HowcanyougettoLakeClark,Alaska?

A．Byair.B．Byboat.C．Byrailway.D．Bybus.LastFriday,DavidAttenboroughturned100yearsold.Thefamousbroadcasterandproducer,whoinspiredgloballovefornaturethroughdocumentaries,hadexpectedaquietcelebration,yethereceivedcountlesswarmgreetingsfromfansworldwide.Bornin1926,DavidAttenboroughspenthischildhoodintheEnglishcountryside,exploringandcollectingthingslikebirds’nestsandfossils.Helovedcollectingfossilssomuchthathebecameanexpertonthem.In1952,Mr.AttenboroughjoinedtheBBC,whentelevisionwasstillnewandmostprogramswereproducedinsidesmallstudios.Mr.AttenboroughwantedtouseTVtoshowrealanimalsindifferentpartsoftheworld.PersuadingtheBBCtoapprovehisplan,hetravelledtoAfricain1954tofilmZooQuest,whichhecontinuedworkingonforadecade.Later,Mr.AttenboroughmanagedBBCTwoandpromotedtechnologicaldevelopment.However,henevergaveuphisdreamoffilmingwildlifeinnaturalhabitats.His13-partseriesLifeonEarthin1979createdanewstandardfornaturedocumentaries.LaterhitssuchasTheBluePlanetandPlanetEarthbroughtremotewildernessintoordinaryfamilies.Whatmakeshisprogramspopularishissoftvoiceandplainexplanations,makingcomplexnaturalscienceeasytofollow.Deeplyconcernedaboutclimatedamage,hislaterworksaimtoencourageenvironmentalprotection.Morethan50specieshavebeennamedafterhiminrecognitionofhiscontributions.Evenattheageof100,Attenboroughhasnointentionofretiringandwillkeepproducingfilmstocallonpeopletoprotectourplanet.4.HowwasDavidAttenborough’s100thbirthday?

A．Itwasruinedbypilesofmessages.B．Itwasexactlyasquietashehadexpected.C．Itwasfilledwithbestwishesfromhisfans.D．ItwascelebratedwithagrandBBCparty.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMr.Attenborough?

A．Cautiousandquiet.B．Creativeanddevoted.C．Humorousandgenerous.D．Strictandhard-working.6.WhatmakesAttenborough’sprogramswidelyloved?

A．Thewarmsupportfromscientists.B．Thecutting-edgefilmingequipment.C．Hisgentlevoiceandaccessibleexplanations.D．Hisdedicationtoenvironmentalprotection.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A．ALifelongLoverofNature.B．AQuietyetWarm100thBirthday.C．GreatWorksofWildlifebyBBC.D．ANewStandardforNatureDocumentaries.OnasunnyTuesdayintheSanFranciscoBay,thespout(鲸鱼的喷水柱)ofagraywhaleemergedfromthedepths.Butrightbehindthegrandmarinemammalwasatankerthesizeofabuilding,anditwasgettingcloser.It’snowacommonsceneintheBay.WiththeirArcticfoodsupplydeclining,moremigratinggraywhaleshavebeenmakingshortstopsinSanFranciscoBaytosearchforfood,puttingthemdirectlyinthepathoftankers,ferries,cruiseships,andcargovessels,leadingtodeadlyshipstrikes.Butanewpieceoftechnologyhasbeendevelopedtoeasetheproblem.OnMay19,localscientists,conservationists,ferryoperators,andgovernmentofficialsgatheredonAngelIslandtocelebratetheinstallation(安装)ofanAI-poweredwhalemonitoringdeviceontopofitswesternpeak.Thedevice,developedbyWhaleSpotter,acompanydedicatedtowhaletech,usesthermalimaging(热成像)todetectheatsignaturesfromwhalespouts;itfindsoutexactlytheirlocationuptofourmilesaway.Oncethesystem’sAIdetectsawhale,anexpertwhoworkswithWhaleSpotterconfirmsitandpostsitslocationtothewebsiteWhaleSafe,whereitcanbemonitoredbyanyone,includinglawenforcement,thepublic,andshipcaptains,whohavethewebsiteopenontheirdashboards.ConservationistsbelievethatthisnewtechnologywillhelpshipcaptainskeepawayfromgraywhalesinSanFranciscoBayandthatthedeviceonAngelIslandwillbethefirstofmany.Thermaldetectiontechnologyisalreadybeingusedtoavoidstrikeswithrarelyseenorcas,alsocalledkillerwhales,inthePacificNorthwest,andscientistsarecurrentlytestingitontheEastCoasttoseeifitcanhelpreducethenumberofshipcollisionswithcriticallyendangeredNorthAtlanticrightwhales.8.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhefirstparagraph?

A．Tointroduceariskysituationforgraywhales.B．ToanalysethegeographyofSanFranciscoBay.C．Toexplainthelivinghabitsofthegraywhales.D．Tocomparethesizesofgraywhalesandtankers.9.WhatisthemajorreasonforgraywhalestostopbrieflyintheBay?

A．ToescapecoldweatherintheArctic.B．Toblockthepathofvariousbigships.C．TolookforfoodasArcticfoodisreducing.D．Toproducebabywhalesinwarmbaywater.10.HowdoestheAI-poweredwhalemonitoringdevicework?

A．Itusessoundwavestomonitorwhales.B．Itreliesonordinarycamerastowatchwhales.C．Itemploystheradarsystemtolocatewhales’position.D．Itusesthermalimagingtodetectheatsignsfromwhalespouts.11.Whatistheconservationists’attitudetowardsthenewdevice?

A．Cautious.B．Indifferent.C．Hopeful.D．Critical.Intheclassictaleoftetanus(破伤风),afarmworkerstepsonanoldbarnnailanddevelopsthebacterialdisease.MostAmericansdon’tworkonfarmsthesedays,soit’seasyforpeopletodismisstheillnessassomethingthey’reunlikelytoencounter.Inreality,thisseriousmicrobialinfectioncanimpactanyoneanywhere,andmoreAmericansaredyingofthis.Expertsblamedecliningvaccination(疫苗接种)ratesandworrythatcasenumberswillkeeprisinginthecomingyearsiffewerpeoplegettherecommendedshots.TetanusiscausedbytheClostridiumtetanibacteria,whichareabundantinsoilandtypicallyenterthebodythroughwoundsthatbreakskin.Thebacteriaflourishinareaswithoutoxygen,whichiswhydeepcutsareespeciallyrisky.Onceinsidethisenvironment,spores(孢子)multiplyrapidly.Withinweeks,theyreleaseastrongpoison,tetanospasmin,thatpreventsthebody’snervoussystemfromfunctioningnormally.Painfulmusclecontractions(收缩)andstiffnesssoonappear.Otherpossiblecomplicationsincludekidneydamage,pneumoniaandbloodclotsinthelungs.IntheU.S.,tetanuskillsroughly12percentofpeoplewhocomedownwithit.Mostdeathshappeninpeopleover70,aswellasinyoungbabies.AnotheranalysispublishedlastyearintheInternationalJournalofInfectiousDiseasesfoundpeoplewhoaretroubledbydiabetesandheartdiseasealsoarelikelytosufferfromotherseverehealthproblems.Oncethepoisontakeshold,thereisnocure.Doctorsuseantibiotics,medicinesthatfightharmfulbacteria,andotherdrugstohelpgetridofthepoison,surgicallyclearthewoundthatcarriesthebacteria,andcontrolmusclecontractionswithmedication.Becausenervedamageinthethroatiscommon,abouthalfofhospitalizedpatientsneedbreathingtubes.Thesetreatmentsaimtokeepthepersonaliveuntiltheimmunesystemclearsthepoisonsfromthebody,aprocessthattakesweeks.12.Whatisthebestwaytodealwithtetanus?

A．Stayawayfromoldbarnnails.B．Washoutthedeepcutsthoroughly.C．Takeeffectivemedicineafterbeinginfected.D．Receiverecommendedvaccinationregularly.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“complications”inparagraph3mean?

A．Signsofrecovery.B．Follow-upillnesses.C．Sourcesofinfection.D．Earlydiseasesymptoms.14.Whomaysuffermostfromtetanusinfection?

A．Fit28-year-oldofficeworkers.B．Parentstakingcareofyoungbabies.C．Vaccinatedteenagerswithminorcuts.D．Seniorsagedover70withheartdisease.15.Whatcanwelearnabouttetanus’streatmentsfromparagraph5?

A．Antibioticscancompletelyclearthepoison.B．Theimmunesystemclearsthepoisonwithinweeks.C．Hospitalizedpatientsneedbreathingtubesalltheirlives.D．Clearingthewoundwithbacteriacancuremusclecontractions.Ourbondwithdogshasgrownmuchclosertheseyears.Whilecertainfactors,suchasgeneticsandenvironmentalexposures,areoutofourcontrol,thereareahandfulofthingswecandotohelpourdogslivelonger.Givethemplentyofexercise.Regularexerciseiskeytodogs’longandhealthylife.16Youcanwalk,playgamesortrainthem.Evenshort10-minuteactivitiesworkifyouarebusy.17Researchshowsthatsocialconnectednesscanhaveaprofoundimpactonadog’swell-being.Dogsthathavemorehumanandanimalfriendshavefewerdiseases.Socialconnectionsandlivelyenvironmentskeepdogsmentallyengagedanddelaytheircognitivedeclineinoldage.Followthesciencenottrendswhenfeedingthem.Fromhome-cookedmealsandrawfoodtofreeze-dried,therearenumerousoptionswhenitcomestofeedingyourdog.Butmanycarryarangeofhealthrisks.Besides,overfeedingalsocausesobesityandshortensdogs’lifespan(生命周期).18Gotothevet(兽医)atleastonceayearandmoreastheyage.Schedulingroutineexamsforyourpetcanhelpyoucatchdiseasesearlier,starttreatmentsooner,andimproveyourdog’slong-termhealthoutcomesandlifespan.19Afterthepuppyvisitsarethrough,dogsshouldseeavetonceayearandthentwicewhentheyreachtheirsenioryears.Brushtheirteeth.20Dentaldiseasescancauseinflammation(炎症)inthebody,causelife-threateninginfections,andworsenpreexistinghealthconditionslikeheartdisease.Dailybrushingisideal,butevenahandfulofquickswipesacrosstheirteethafewtimesaweekisbeneficial.

A．Helpyourdogmakefriends.B．Takeyourdogoutregularly.C．Petsneedatleast30minutesofphysicalactivitydaily.D．Sochoosescientificallystandarddogfoodovertrendydiets.E．Dentalcarehasbeenlinkedtoreduceddeathrateindogstoo.F．Dogsregularlycheckedare30%lesslikelytodevelopdiseases.G．Home-cookedmealsoftendon’tmeetthenutritionalneedsofdogs.二、完形填空In1999,KathrynJohnson,ateacherforthedeafinMinnesota,foundherselfunabletoanswerherstudents’curiousquestionsaboutChina.To21thisknowledgegap,shejoinedathree-weekeducationaltriptoChinain2000.Thejourneywas22forher—shewasamazedbythelivelydeafcommunitiesandthededicationofChineseeducators.Thattrip23hercareerpath.ShereturnedandpursuedaPhD,focusingon24educationinChina.Sheinterviewednearly50deafpeople,offering25recommendationsforthelocaldeafschools.Johnsonbecameaprofessorin2005.She26herselftobuildingculturalexchanges.SheestablishedaConfuciusInstitutein27withaChineseuniversityandstartedtakingAmericanstudentstoChinato28howChineseschoolstaughtdeafstudents.Duringhervisits,shemetAngel,aChinesewomanwithararebonediseasewhoranalocalrestaurant.Angel’stoughness29Johnson’sbeliefthatstrengthlieswithinthelocalcommunity.30exportingAmericanideas,JohnsonhelpedAngelreceivetrainingintheUStobringleadershipskillsbacktoChina.Johnsonnowrunsanon-profitorganization.Shekeeps31exchangesbetweendeafgroupsinbothcountries.Sheinsiststhat32culturalunderstandingcanimprovecross-culturalrelations.Sheiswritingabook—notasaforeignexpert,butasafriendwhohaswalked33Chinesepeers.“Trueexchangemeanslearningfromeachother,”shesaid.“It’snotaboutonesidegivingwhiletheother34.Themoreweunderstandeachother’s35,thebetterwecanworktogether.”21.A．maintainB．addressC．overlookD．identify22.A．eye-openingB．risk-takingC．time-consumingD．mind-numbing23.A．reshapedB．confirmedC．clearedD．restored24.A．preschoolB．deafC．generalD．inclusive25.A．abstractB．practicalC．complexD．ridiculous26.A．resignedB．limitedC．committedD．reduced27.A．lineB．touchC．partnershipD．conflict28.A．copyB．evaluateC．questionD．study29.A．supportedB．weakenedC．shookD．challenged30.A．RegardlessofB．InsteadofC．IncaseofD．Infearof31.A．preventingB．restrictingC．controllingD．promoting32.A．subjectiveB．temporaryC．mutualD．shallow33.A．togetherwithB．aheadofC．awayfromD．farbehind34.A．avoidingB．refusingC．ignoringD．receiving35.A．languagesB．policiesC．habitsD．circumstances三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MugongLangqiao,woodenarchcoveredbridges,standaselegantevidenceofhumanwisdom.Built36asinglemetalnailorrivet(铆钉),thesearchitecturalwondersrelyentirelyoncomplexmortise-and-tenon(榫卯)structure,gracefullystretchingacrossriversfor37(century).Inthe38(mountain)borderlandsofEastChina’sFujianandZhejiangprovinces,morethan100suchbridgesstillexist.“Langqiaonotonly39(connect)villagesbutalsoservedasshelters,marketplacesandevenplacesofworship.”PanJiandongfromTaishuncountyinZhejiangspokeduringarecentmediatrip40(organize)bytheNationalCulturalHeritageAdministrationinmid-May.Theoriginsoftheseremarkablestructuresdatebackto41TangDynasty(618-907).Theirancientconstructiontechniqueswereonceatriskof42(extinct)untilconservationeffortswerestrengthenedintheearly2000s.ScholarSuXudongemphasizes43makesthesebridgestrulyspecialisthecoretechnologylyingin“beam-weaving”—asmartandpracticalsystemdesigned44(ensure)thatcomponentsofthebridgearchinterlocktightlyandsecurely.Today,theseancientengineeringwondershavebecomefavoritesubjectsforphotographersanda45(grow)drawforculturaltourists.FromthemistymountainsofTaishuntothescenicrivervalleysofNingde,eachbridgetellsasilentstoryofresilience,craftsmanship,andlivingheritage.四、书信写作46.假定你是李华，上周你们学校举办了校园文化艺术节。你班在外教White老师的悉心指导下演唱歌曲“TryEverything”，最终斩获歌唱比赛第一名。请你代表你们班给White老师写一封英文感谢信，内容包含：（1）说明写信事由；（2）讲述老师给予的帮助；（3）表达感激与祝福。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMissWhite,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、书面表达47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。Zanderwasdisappointedtohearthathisfatherhadgotanewjob,whichrequiredthewholefamilytomovetoafar-offplace.Thethoughtofsayinggoodbyetohiscozybedroomwithasecrethideout,thelivelyneighborhoodparkand,aboveall,hisbelovedgrandparentsweighedheavilyonhisheart.Aquicklookattheglobeconfirmedjusthowdistanttheirnewhomewouldbe.Ontheeveoftheirdeparture,Zanderlosthimselfinhisfavoritepastimeswithhisgrandparents.HehelpedGrandmabakegolden,nice-smellingcookies,asweettreatthathadalwaysfilledhisdayswithdelight.HealsocheeredloudlyatGrandpa’svividmonkeypuppet(木偶)shows,whichneverfailedtoamusehim.Afterwards,herestedbesidethecutecatMarmalade,enjoyingstoriesmixedwithitssoftmeows.Noticinghisslightsorrow,hisgrandparentscomfortedhimgentlywithwarmsmilesandtighthugswhenhementionedthe“MissingSpot”—thesad,emptyspotinsidewhenmissin