山东泰安市肥城市2026届高考适应性训练英语试题（解析版）（一）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东泰安市肥城市2026届高考适应性训练试题（一）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAsartificialintelligencecontinuestoadvance,manyworkersworryaboutthefutureoftheirjobs,especiallythosewhoareengagedinroutinetasks.WhileAIistransformingseveralindustries,therearestillrolesthatrequirehumanskills,creativity,andemotionalintelligencethatAIsimplycannotreplace.Inthisarticle,we’llexploresomejobsthatcan’tbereplacedbyAIin2026.JobSalary(peryear)RequirementSocialWorker$40,000-$60,000·ABachelor’sdegreeinSocialWork.·Communicationskillstoeffectivelyinteractwithclients,families,andotherprofessionals.·Problem-solvingabilitytoanalyzesituationsanddevelopcreativesolutionstocomplexsocialissues.HealthcareProfessional$60,000-$300,000·Anadvanceddegreeinmedicineornursing.·Extensivehands-onexperienceinpatientcaresettings.·Excellentcommunicationskillstointeractwithpatients,families,andhealthcareteams.Teacher$40,000-$80,000·ABachelor’sdegreeinEducationoraspecificsubjectarea.·Excellentverbalandwrittencommunicationskillstoeffectivelyconveyinformationtostudents.·Flexibilitytoadjustteachingmethodsbasedonclassroomdynamicsandindividualstudentneeds.ResearchScientist$77,000-$118,000·APhDorequivalentexperienceinarelevantscientificdiscipline.·Strongabilitytoanalyzedataandprocessinformationfromcomplexresearchstudies.·InnovativeThinking:Capacitytothinkoutsidetheboxandpursuenovelresearchavenues.TheabovejobcategoriesarenotlikelytobereplacedbyAIinthenearfuture.IfyouareworriedaboutthejobreplacementfromAItechnology,trytoenhanceyourskillsandmakeyourselfirreplaceable.1.WhatmakessomejobsimpossibleforAItotakeover?A.Highsalarylevelsofthejobs.B.Routineworkdemandsforthejobs.C.Humanuniqueskillsrequiredbythejobs.D.Stricteducationalbackgroundsofthejobs.2.Whatisthecommonrequirementforsocialworkersandteachers?A.TheymustholdahighdegreeinEducation.B.Theycanbeofferedthemaximumannualsalary.C.Theycancommunicatewithpeoplequitewell.D.Theyneedtohaveyearsofhands-onexperience.3.WhichjobfitsJohnwhoisexpertincomplexstatisticalanalysis?A.Teacher. B.HealthcareProfessional.C.SocialWorker. D.ResearchScientist.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了2026年一些因需人类独特技能而不会被AI取代的工作及要求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WhileAIistransformingseveralindustries,therearestillrolesthatrequirehumanskills,creativity,andemotionalintelligencethatAIsimplycannotreplace.(虽然人工智能正在改变多个行业，但仍有一些角色需要人类技能、创造力和情商，而这些是人工智能无法取代的。)”可知，一些工作需要人类独特的技能，这使得AI无法接管这些工作。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据表格中SocialWorker对应的“Communicationskillstoeffectivelyinteractwithclients,families,andotherprofessionals.(具备与客户、家庭和其他专业人士有效互动的沟通技巧。)”以及Teacher对应的“Excellentverbalandwrittencommunicationskillstoeffectivelyconveyinformationtostudents.(具备出色的口头和书面沟通技巧，以便有效地向学生传达信息。)”可知，社会工作者和教师的共同要求是他们都能很好地与人沟通。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据表格中ResearchScientist对应的“Strongabilitytoanalyzedataandprocessinformationfromcomplexresearchstudies.(具备强大的数据分析能力，能够处理来自复杂研究的信息。)”可知，擅长复杂统计分析的约翰适合研究科学家这份工作。故选D。BIamoneofthosepeoplewhohastwoleftfeet.Itissobad,Ican’tevendoabasketballlay-up,whichreallydiscouragedmefromplayingthegameasakid.Ican’tdance,either.Iamsuchabaddancer,ImademywifeagreeIwouldn’thavetodanceaspartofourwedding.Butshowmealawn(草坪)thatneedsmowing(修剪)andsomethingmagicalhappens.Itdoesn’tmatterifIamonanold-fashionedmower,Ifeelit!ApatternformsinmymindandIamreadytodance.Asaconsequence,ourfrontlawnhasfeaturedOlympicrings,hugehearts,evenaherringbonepatternwhereIchangedthetilt(斜度)onthemowerattheendofeachrow.Itlookedgreat,butwastoomuchworktodoagain.Lastfall,weletthebacklawngrowandImowedinwindingpaths.Iamnotmuchofanartist,butourlawnshavebecomemyspecialcreation.Iamnotsureeveryoneinthefamilylikesthelook.Ihopecallingthemgrassfieldswillconvincemywifetoletmekeepthem.MymowinghabitwasfeaturedintheJohnDeeredealers’magazinemanyyearsback.Actually,twice.Thephotographershadtostandontallladderstogetadecentshot.Lawnpathsandpatternslookgreatandarefuntocreate.Ifyoucan,cooperatewithyourneighborsandcreateareallynicelookforthewholeneighborhood—circularpatternsaroundtreesorstreet-widestripesaregreatoptions.Iurgeallreaderstogiveacoupleofpatternsatryoverthenextfewweeks.Doingsomightverywellendlawnmowingatiringjobandaddabitoffuntooureverydaytravels.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehasanunusualbodyshape. B.Heonceplayedbasketballwell.C.Heshowsgreattalentindancing. D.Heisawkwardinphysicalactivities.5.Whatdoestheauthordowhenheseesalawnthatneedsmowing?A.Heurgestodanceonitwildly.B.Hewantstotouchitpersonally.C.Heistiredoftheold-fashionedmower.D.Hefeelsacreativeideacomingtohim.6.Howdidtheauthor’smowinghabitgetrecognized?A.Hisfamilyallspokehighlyofhiscreation.B.Hisneighborscametocooperatewithhim.C.Itwasreportedinamagazinemanyyearsago.D.Photographerstookpicturesofhimwhilemowing.7.Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?A.Mowinglawnsisanartrequiringpractice.B.Creationcanmakeboringtasksenjoyable.C.Gardeningishelpfulforimprovingsportsability.D.Uniquelawnpatternscanbringneighborstogether.【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者不擅长体育活动，但擅长修剪草坪并创造各种图案，认为创作能让无聊的工作变得有趣。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Iamoneofthosepeoplewhohastwoleftfeet.Itissobad,Ican’tevendoabasketballlay-up,whichreallydiscouragedmefromplayingthegameasakid.Ican’tdance,either.(我是那种笨手笨脚的人之一。情况太糟糕了，我甚至不能完成篮球上篮，这真的让我在小时候就不想玩这个游戏了。我也不会跳舞。)”可知，作者在体育活动中很笨拙。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butshowmealawn(草坪)thatneedsmowing(修剪)andsomethingmagicalhappens.Itdoesn’tmatterifIamonanold-fashionedmower,Ifeelit!ApatternformsinmymindandIamreadytodance.(但是给我看一块需要修剪的草坪，神奇的事情就会发生。不管我用的是不是老式割草机，我都能感觉到！一个图案在我脑海中形成，我准备跳舞了。)”可知，当作者看到需要修剪的草坪时，他感到一个创造性的想法涌上心头。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“MymowinghabitwasfeaturedintheJohnDeeredealers’magazinemanyyearsback.Actually,twice.(多年以前，我的修剪习惯被刊登在约翰迪尔经销商杂志上。事实上，两次。)”可知，作者的修剪习惯在多年前被杂志报道过，因此得到了认可。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据最后一段“Iurgeallreaderstogiveacoupleofpatternsatryoverthenextfewweeks.Doingsomightverywellendlawnmowingatiringjobandaddabitoffuntooureverydaytravels.(我敦促所有读者在未来几周内尝试一些图案。这样做可能会让修剪草坪不再是一项累人的工作，为我们的日常出行增添一些乐趣。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者不擅长体育活动，但擅长修剪草坪并创造各种图案，认为创作能让无聊的工作变得有趣。故选B。CFordecades,scientistshavemonitoredonlyanarrowrangeofchemicalpollutantsintheenvironment.Yetthemodernworldcontainsthousandsofindustrialcompounds,fromindustrialcoatingstohouseholdcleaners,andmosthaveneverbeensystematicallytestedforsafety.Todiscoverwhatelsemightbehiddeninnature,researchersareturningtosomeunexpectedassistants:sealions,condors(加州秃鹰),alligators(短吻鳄)andotheranimals.Thesecreaturesactas“sentinelspecies,”meaningtheycanofferinsightintotheinvisiblechemistryoftheirsurroundings.Becausetheylivelonglivesandoccupythetopoffoodwebs,pollutantstendtobuildupintheirtissues.Bystudyingtheirblood,feathers,ororgans,scientistscandetectnotonlyfamiliarpollutantssuchasPCBsandflameretardantsbutalsoentirelynewchemicalfamiliesthathadpreviouslygoneunnoticed.Atechniqueknownasnon-targetedanalysisallowsresearcherstosearchforallchemicalcompoundswithinananimalsampleratherthansearchingforonepollutantatatime.Usingthisopen-endedmethod,teamshaveidentifiedhundredsofchemicalsinwildanimals—manycamefromindustrialproducts,plastics,andhouseholdcleaners.Eachfindinghelpsmaphowmodernpollutantstravelthroughair,water,andfoodchains.InCalifornia,condorsthatfeedonmarinecarcassescarrysignsofchemicalstransportedfromtheocean.AlligatorsinFloridarevealpollutantsleakingfromfactoriesandwastewatersystems.Theseresultsserveasawarning:pollutionisnotlimitedtocitiesorindustrialzonesbutspreadsacrossecosystemsandspecies,includinghumans.Scientistsarguethatthisbroaderapproachcouldreshapehowenvironmentalmonitoringisdone.Ratherthanreactingtoonechemicalcrisisafteranother,researcherscannowbuildacomprehensivepictureofecologicalhealth.Asonebiologistsaid,“Whenwildlifetellsussomethingiswrong,it’snotjustaboutthem—it’sabouttheplanetweshare.”Themessageisbothscientificandmoral:protectingnature’swarningspeciesmeansprotectingourselves.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“sentinelspecies”inparagraph2mean?A.Pollutantindicators. B.Wastecollectors.C.Chemicalproducers. D.Householdcleaners.9.Whydoestheauthormentioncondorsandalligatorsinparagraph4?A.Tocomparetheirdietarypatternsinthewild.B.Toproveharmfulsubstancesdifferinvariousregions.C.Toexplainthelinkbetweendietandchemicalexposure.D.Toemphasizepollutantscantravelthroughvariedhabitats.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthebroaderapproachinthelastparagraph?A.Ithelpsresolveenvironmentalcriseseffectively.B.Itreplacestheexistingpollutionmonitoringmethods.C.Itprovidesanintegratedviewofenvironmentalproblems.D.Itjudgeswildlife’slivingconditionsthroughhumanbehavior.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowHumansProtecttheWarningSpeciesB.HowAnimalsAccumulateIndustrialPollutantsC.HowHumansBenefitfromWildlifeMonitoringD.HowAnimalsHelpScientistsTrackDownPollutants【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了动物如何帮助科学家追踪污染物及相关情况。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Thesecreaturesactas“sentinelspecies,”meaningtheycanofferinsightintotheinvisiblechemistryoftheirsurroundings.Becausetheylivelonglivesandoccupythetopoffoodwebs,pollutantstendtobuildupintheirtissues.Bystudyingtheirblood,feathers,ororgans,scientistscandetectnotonlyfamiliarpollutantssuchasPCBsandflameretardantsbutalsoentirelynewchemicalfamiliesthathadpreviouslygoneunnoticed.(这些生物充当“sentinelspecies”，它们能帮助人类了解周遭环境中肉眼无法察觉的化学物质状况。由于这类生物寿命较长，且处于食物链顶端，污染物容易在它们的体内组织中不断累积。通过研究它们的血液、羽毛或器官，科学家不仅能检测出多氯联苯、阻燃剂等常见污染物，还能发现以往从未被留意到的全新化学物质类别。)”可知，这些生物能指示污染物，sentinelspecies指的是“能指示污染物的物种”，即“污染物指示者”。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“InCalifornia,condorsthatfeedonmarinecarcassescarrysignsofchemicalstransportedfromtheocean.AlligatorsinFloridarevealpollutantsleakingfromfactoriesandwastewatersystems.(在加利福尼亚州，以海洋动物尸体为食的加州秃鹰携带着从海洋中运输过来的化学物质的迹象。佛罗里达州的短吻鳄揭示了工厂和废水系统泄漏的污染物。)”可知，作者提到加州秃鹰和短吻鳄是为了强调污染物可以通过不同的栖息地传播。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Scientistsarguethatthisbroaderapproachcouldreshapehowenvironmentalmonitoringisdone.Ratherthanreactingtoonechemicalcrisisafteranother,researcherscannowbuildacomprehensivepictureofecologicalhealth.(科学家们认为，这种更广泛的方法可能会重塑环境监测的方式。研究人员现在可以构建一个全面的生态健康图景，而不是对一个又一个的化学危机做出反应。)”可推知，这种更广泛的方法为环境问题提供了一个综合的视角。故选C。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Todiscoverwhatelsemightbehiddeninnature,researchersareturningtosomeunexpectedassistants:sealions,condors(加州秃鹰),alligators(短吻鳄)andotheranimals.(为了发现自然界中还隐藏着什么，研究人员求助于一些意想不到的助手：海狮、加州秃鹰、短吻鳄和其他动物。)”可知，本文主要讲述了动物如何帮助科学家追踪污染物，所以D项“HowAnimalsHelpScientistsTrackDownPollutants(动物如何帮助科学家追踪污染物)”适合作为本文标题。故选D。DDoctorsatMoorfieldsEyeHospitalinLondonhavesuccessfullyimplantedamicrochipatthebackoftheeye,givingpeopleaffectedbyblindnessnewhopeandachancetoregaintheirreadingvision.Thenewproceduretargetspeoplesufferingfromasevereformofdryage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD),whichcausesblindnessinmorethan250,000peopleintheUKandfivemillionworldwide.Duringsurgery,a2mm-squaremicrochip—thinnerthanahumanhair—isplacedundertheretina(视网膜).Patientsthenwearspecialglasseswithasmallvideocamera.Theglassessendimagesthroughinfraredlighttotheimplantwhichrelaysthemtoapocket-sizedprocessor.Thisprocessorsharpenstheimagesbeforesendingthemthroughtheopticnerve(视神经)tothebrain,restoringsomevisualsensitivityforreading.Thestudyinvolved38participantsacrossfiveEuropeancountries.ItfocusedonthePrimaimplant,developedbyPixiumVisionScienceCorporationinCalifornia.Amongthe32peoplewhoreceivedtheimplant,27regainedpartialsightandtheabilitytoread.Afteroneyear,theirreadingvisionimprovedbyabout25letters—orfivelines—onastandardeyechart.ThePrimaimplantisnotyetapprovedforthepublic.However,Dr.Muqit,wholedtheUKteam,hopesitwillbeavailabletosomepatientsundertheNationalHealthService(NHS)withinafewyears.Dr.PeterBloomfield,researchdirectorattheMacularSociety,saidtheresultsareencouragingforpatientswhohavenocurrenttreatmentoptions.Heexplained,“Artificialvisionmayofferalotofhopetomany,particularlyafterpreviousdisappointmentsintheworldofdryAMDtreatment.”Headded,“WearenowwatchingcloselytoseeifthePrimaimplantwillbeapprovedforusehereintheUK,andcruciallywhetheritcouldbemadeavailableontheNHS.”Expertsbelievethismedicalbreakthroughcouldonedayhelpthosewithothereyeconditions.Formillionslivingwithblindness,thisisn’tjustastepforwardinscience—it’salife-changingmomentfilledwithhope,courage,andthepromiseofseeingtheworldagain.12.Howdodoctorshelpblindpatientsregainreadingvision?A.Byoperatingontheiropticnerve.B.Byequippingpatientswithacamera.C.Byplacingamicrochipintheireyes.D.BytreatingdryAMDwithspecialdrugs.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheglassesmentionedinparagraph2?A.Theyareconnectedtotheopticnerve.B.Theycanrestorereadingvisionrapidly.C.Theyhaveasmallvideocamerabuiltin.D.Theycanhelpsharpentheimagesdirectly.14.WhatcanweconcludefromDr.PeterBloomfield’swords?A.Artificialvisionhasabrightfuture.B.TheimplantisapprovedintheUK.C.NHSoffersfreetreatmenttopatients.D.DryAMDhasnobreakthroughsnowadays.15.Whatmightthefollow-upresearchfocuson?A.Futuremedicalcostreduction. B.Widereyediseaseapplication.C.Long-termmedicalsafetymonitoring. D.Highervisionsensitivityimprovement.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了伦敦医生通过在患者眼中植入微芯片帮助失明患者恢复阅读视力及相关情况。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“DoctorsatMoorfieldsEyeHospitalinLondonhavesuccessfullyimplantedamicrochipatthebackoftheeye,givingpeopleaffectedbyblindnessnewhopeandachancetoregaintheirreadingvision.(伦敦摩尔菲尔德眼科医院的医生成功地在眼睛后部植入了一个微芯片，给失明患者带来了新的希望和恢复阅读视力的机会。)”可知，医生通过在患者眼中植入微芯片来帮助失明患者恢复阅读视力。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Patientsthenwearspecialglasseswithasmallvideocamera.(然后患者戴上装有小型摄像头的特殊眼镜。)”可知，第二段提到了眼镜内置了一个小型摄像机。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dr.PeterBloomfield,researchdirectorattheMacularSociety,saidtheresultsareencouragingforpatientswhohavenocurrenttreatmentoptions.Heexplained,“Artificialvisionmayofferalotofhopetomany,particularlyafterpreviousdisappointmentsintheworldofdryAMDtreatment.”(MacularSociety的研究主任PeterBloomfield博士说，对于目前没有治疗选择的患者来说，这些结果是令人鼓舞的。他解释说：“人工视觉可能会给很多人带来很多希望，尤其是在干性AMD治疗领域此前令人失望之后。”)”可推知，从PeterBloomfield博士的话中我们可以得出人工视觉有光明的前景。故选A。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Expertsbelievethismedicalbreakthroughcouldonedayhelpthosewithothereyeconditions.(专家们认为，这一医学突破可能有一天会帮助其他眼病患者。)”可知，后续研究可能会关注更广泛的眼部疾病应用。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Habitsareuseful.Butasmoreandmoreactivitiesbecomehabitual,lifebecomesmoreroutinized.____16____Onesmallchange—likechoosingtohavelunchonaparkbenchinsteadofatyourdesk—canleadtogoodthings.Inmycase,thebreakthroughwasasubwayride.Whenmyhusbandbrokehiship(髋),insteadofdriving,westartedtakingthetrainfromBostontovisitmyfamilyinNewYork.Foradecade,wearrivedlateonFridaynightsandjoinedthelongtaxiline,addinganotherexhaustinghourtothetrip.____17____Toouramazementitwasasimple10-minuteride,followedbyathree-minutewalktoourhotel.Suddenly,wewerefreeoftheslowlycrawlingstreettraffic.Theshortwalkfromthesubwaystoptoourhoteltookuspastalittlegrocerystore,anditdawnedonusthatwecouldbuybreakfastsuppliesinsteadofgoingoutforthemeachmorning.____18____Breakingthehabitgotusthinkingagain.Ifwetookatrainonlyonehourearlier,wecouldgettothecityintimefordinnerandactuallyhaveanextraeveninginNewYork.____19____Theenjoymentofsittingdowntoeatdinner,minutesafterarrivinginthecity,wasenhancedbythethoughtofhow,intheolddays,we’dstillbestandinginlinefortaxi.____20____Whichhabitshaveservedtheirpurpose?Whichshouldbecherished?Thesmalldecisiontotakethesubwayhasledtoastringofothergooddecisions.Thelesscompany-fancythemealis,themoremyattentionshiftstoitsotherqualities.Somehabitsholdusback,whileothersgivedailylifeitsdeepsatisfactions.A.Eventually,ourdaughtersuggestedthesubway.B.Itwasstrangehowdeeplywe’dfallenintothehabit.C.We’dbothbegunusingthesubwaysystemasteenagers.D.Thisledtoasearchforrestaurantswithinwalkingdistances.E.Eating-inleisurelyturnedouttobefarmoreenjoyable.F.Thatiswhybreakingevenasmallhabitcanfeelsosignificant.G.Havingbenefitedfrombreakingahabit,Iquestionothersmore.【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.D20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了打破习惯的重要性及作者打破习惯后的感悟。【16题详析】由上文“Habitsareuseful.Butasmoreandmoreactivitiesbecomehabitual,lifebecomesmoreroutinized.(习惯是有用的。但是随着越来越多的活动成为习惯，生活变得更加常规化。)”及下文“Onesmallchange—likechoosingtohavelunchonaparkbenchinsteadofatyourdesk—canleadtogoodthings.(一个小小的改变——比如选择在公园长椅上吃午饭而不是在办公桌前吃——就能带来好事。)”可知，上文提到习惯让生活常规化，下文指出一个小改变能带来好事，本空应说明打破小习惯的意义重大。F选项“Thatiswhybreakingevenasmallhabitcanfeelsosignificant.(这就是为什么即使是打破一个小习惯也会让人觉得如此重要。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】由上文“Foradecade,wearrivedlateonFridaynightsandjoinedthelongtaxiline,addinganotherexhaustinghourtothetrip.(十年来，我们周五晚上很晚才到，然后加入长长的出租车队伍，给旅程又增加了一个令人疲惫的小时。)”及下文“Toouramazementitwasasimple10-minuteride,followedbyathree-minutewalktoourhotel.(令我们惊讶的是，这段路程只需10分钟的车程，然后步行3分钟就到酒店了。)”可知，上文描述了之前乘坐出租车的疲惫经历，下文提到乘坐地铁的便捷，本空应说明有人提出了乘坐地铁的建议。A选项“Eventually,ourdaughtersuggestedthesubway.(最终，我们的女儿建议乘坐地铁。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】由上文“Theshortwalkfromthesubwaystoptoourhoteltookuspastalittlegrocerystore,anditdawnedonusthatwecouldbuybreakfastsuppliesinsteadofgoingoutforthemeachmorning.(从地铁站到酒店的短途步行让我们经过了一家小杂货店，我们突然意识到我们可以买早餐用品，而不是每天早上出去买。)”及下文“Breakingthehabitgotusthinkingagain.(打破这个习惯让我们又开始思考。)”可知，上文提到在杂货店买早餐用品，下文提到打破习惯带来的思考，本空应说明这一改变带来的其他好处，如在家悠闲地吃饭。E选项“Eating-inleisurelyturnedouttobefarmoreenjoyable.(悠闲地在屋里吃饭反而更惬意。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【19题详析】由上文“Ifwetookatrainonlyonehourearlier,wecouldgettothecityintimefordinnerandactuallyhaveanextraeveninginNewYork.(如果我们提前一个小时坐火车，我们就能及时赶到城里吃晚饭，实际上还能在纽约多待一个晚上。)”及下文“Theenjoymentofsittingdowntoeatdinner,minutesafterarrivinginthecity,wasenhancedbythethoughtofhow,intheolddays,we’dstillbestandinginlinefortaxi.(一到达城市就坐下来吃晚饭的乐趣，因为想到在过去，我们还会在排队等出租车而得到了增强。)”可知，上文说明提前坐火车赶到城里吃晚饭，下文说明坐下来吃晚饭带来的愉悦感，此处衔接赶晚餐的想法，引出寻找就近餐厅。D选项“Thisledtoasearchforrestaurantswithinwalkingdistances.(这让我们开始寻找步行可达的餐厅)”能承接上下文，符合逻辑。故选D。【20题详析】由下文“Whichhabitshaveservedtheirpurpose?Whichshouldbecherished?Thesmalldecisiontotakethesubwayhasledtoastringofothergooddecisions.(哪些习惯已经达到了目的？哪些应该被珍惜？乘坐地铁这个小决定引发了一系列其他好决定。)”可知，下文提到对习惯的反思和决定，本空应说明作者从打破一个习惯中受益后，开始质疑其他习惯。G选项“Havingbenefitedfrombreakingahabit,Iquestionothersmore.(从打破一个习惯中受益后，我更质疑其他习惯。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Nobodyknowswhy”—thatwasthetruestkindofscienceeducationthatmyfathergave.Hewasthefirsttoguidemeto____21____theworldwithasharpeyeandtoquestionwhatmostpeopleacceptwithoutthinking.Oneday,whileplayingwithasmalltoytruck,Iobservedapuzzling____22____:TheballinsiderolledbackwardwhenI____23____thetruckforwardandforwardwhenIstoppedsuddenly.Iwasso____24____thatIrushedtoaskmyfatherforanexplanation.Tomygreatsurprise,herespondedwithsincere____25____,“Nobodyknowswhy.”Hethen____26____theconceptofinertia(惯性):objectstendtokeeptheir____27____ofmotionorrestunlessacteduponbyanoutsideforce.Buthemadeitclearthatthoughwenamethelaw,wecannotfully____28____itsnature.Inthatmoment,hetaughtmetotellthedifferencebetweenknowinga____29____andtrulyunderstandingatruth.Heencouragedmetoobservemore_____30_____.Followinghisadvice,Iwentbackand_____31_____thesimpleexperimentagain.Isoonrealizedtheballdidnotmovebackwardrelativetotheground;itsseeminglybackwardmotionwasonly_____32_____tothetruck.Thetruckjustmovedfasterand_____33_____it.Thiswasmyfather'sgentleyetpowerfulwayof_____34_____.Insteadoffeedingmeeasyanswers,heinspiredmetoobserve,question,andexplore.Truescience,heshowedme,_____35_____withhonestdoubtandcarefulobservation.ThatlessonhasgivenmethemostpreciousgiftofeducationIhaveeverreceived.21.A.comment B.approach C.defend D.control22.A.affair B.sign C.symptom D.phenomenon23.A.brought B.pulled C.drove D.carried24.A.relieved B.confused C.amused D.disappointed25.A.politeness B.curiosity C.openness D.generosity26.A.recalled B.promoted C.adopted D.introduced27.A.state B.speed C.intensity D.rule28.A.prove B.accept C.explain D.recognize29.A.view B.term C.model D.force30.A.closely B.briefly C.randomly D.frequently31.A.designed B.conducted C.improved D.analyzed32.A.contrary B.equal C.similar D.relative33.A.caughtupwith B.gotridof C.madeupfor D.brokeawayfrom34.A.living B.communicating C.teaching D.learning35.A.competes B.deals C.ends D.starts【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在玩玩具卡车时发现一个现象，父亲借此引导作者，鼓励其观察、质疑和探索，让作者明白真正的科学始于诚实的怀疑和仔细的观察。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是第一个引导我以敏锐的眼光看待世界，并对大多数人不假思索就接受的事物提出质疑的人。A.comment评论；B.approach接近，看待；C.defend保卫；D.control控制。根据后文“theworldwithasharpeye”这里指父亲引导作者以特定方式看待世界。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，在玩一辆小玩具卡车时，我观察到一个令人困惑的现象：当我向前拉卡车时，里面的球向后滚动，而当我突然停下来时，球又向前滚动。A.affair事务；B.sign标志；C.symptom症状；D.phenomenon现象。根据后文“TheballinsiderolledbackwardwhenI____thetruckforwardandforwardwhenIstoppedsuddenly.”可知，球在卡车运动时的奇特滚动情况属于一种现象。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在玩一辆小玩具卡车时，我观察到一个令人困惑的现象：当我向前拉卡车时，里面的球向后滚动，而当我突然停下来时，球又向前滚动。A.brought带来；B.pulled拉；C.drove驾驶；D.carried携带。根据常识以及后文“thetruckforwardandforward”可知，这里是向前拉玩具卡车。故选B项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常困惑，于是跑去问父亲原因。A.relieved宽慰的；B.confused困惑的；C.amused被逗乐的；D.disappointed失望的。根据前文“Iobservedapuzzling________”和后文“Irushedtoaskmyfatherforanexplanation.”可知，因为看到球的奇怪滚动现象，所以作者感到困惑去问父亲。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我大为惊讶的是，他以真诚的坦率回应我：“没人知道为什么。”A.politeness礼貌；B.curiosity好奇；C.openness坦率，公开；D.generosity慷慨。根据后文“Nobodyknowswhy.”可知，父亲诚实地说没人知道原因，体现出他的坦率。故选C项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他介绍了惯性的概念：物体倾向于保持其运动或静止状态，除非受到外力作用。A.recalled回忆；B.promoted促进；C.adopted采用；D.introduced介绍。根据后文“objectstendtokeeptheir____ofmotionorrestunlessacteduponbyanoutsideforce.”可知，父亲向作者介绍惯性概念。故选D项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他介绍了惯性的概念：物体倾向于保持其运动或静止状态，除非受到外力作用。A.state状态；B.speed速度；C.intensity强度；D.rule规则。根据后文“motionorrest”可知，运动或静止是物体的状态。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他明确表示，尽管我们命名了这个定律，但我们无法完全解释它的本质。A.prove证明；B.accept接受；C.explain解释；D.recognize认出。根据后文“itsnature”可知，这里指不能完全解释惯性定律的本质。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，他教会我区分知道一个术语和真正理解一个真理。A.view观点；B.term术语；C.model模型；D.force力量。根据前文“theconceptofinertia(惯性)”可知，“惯性”是一个术语，父亲让作者区分知道这个术语和真正理解其背后真理的不同。故选B项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我更仔细地观察。A.closely仔细地；B.briefly简要地；C.randomly随意地；D.frequently频繁地。根据后文“Iwentbackand____thesimpleexperimentagain.Isoonrealizedtheballdidnotmovebackwardrelativetotheground”以及“carefulobservation”可知，作者再次做实验并进一步发现，所以父亲鼓励作者仔细观察。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：听从他的建议，我回去又做了一次这个简单的实验。A.designed设计；B.conducted进行；C.improved提高；D.analyzed分析。根据后文“thesimpleexperimentagain.”可知，作者又做了一次这个简单的实验。conductanexperiment做实验，是固定搭配。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到，球相对于地面并没有向后移动；它看似向后的运动只是相对于卡车而言。A.contrary相反的；B.equal相等的；C.similar相似的；D.relative相对的。根据前文“theballdidnotmovebackwardrelativetotheground”和后文“tothetruck”可知，这里指球的运动是相对卡车而言的。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡车只是移动得更快，然后赶上了它。A.caughtupwith赶上；B.gotridof摆脱；C.madeupfor弥补；D.brokeawayfrom脱离。根据前文“Thetruckjustmovedfaster”可知，卡车移动快，后来赶上了看起来向后移动的球。故选A项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我父亲温和而有力的教育方式。A.living生活；B.communicating交流；C.teaching教育；D.learning学习。根据前文“thatwasthetruestkindofscienceeducationthatmyfathergave”可知，父亲通过引导作者探索现象，这是一种教育方式。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向我表明，真正的科学始于诚实的怀疑和仔细的观察。A.competes竞争；B.deals处理；C.ends结束；D.starts开始。根据后文“withhonestdoubtandcarefulobservation”可知，真正的科学从怀疑和观察开始。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenmorethan400millionpeopleacrossChinaaresteppingoutdoorstoclimb,cycleorcamp,it’snolongerjustalifestylechoice____36____asocialtopic.Theevolvinglandscapeofoutdoorsportshasmarkedamilestoneinthedevelopmentofthenationalsportsindustry.Intermsofpopularactivities,participationishighestinicesports,mountainsports,andwater-basedactivities,whilemarathons,cyclingandskiingattract____37____(particular)significantattention.Meanwhile,nighttimeactivitiesareemergingasnewtrendsdrivingoutdoorsports____38____(consume).Youngandmiddle-agedgroups____39____(become)themainparticipantsinoutdoorsportsformonths,withthoseaged25to34____40____(account)forthehighestproportion.ThenationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionrecentlyreleasedthefirstlistof49citiesacrossthecountrydesignated(指定)as____41____(location)fordevelopinghigh-qualityoutdoorsports.Thislistrepresents____42____signofthenation’strustinthesecit