湖南邵阳市2026年高三下学期考前预测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南邵阳市2026年高三下学期考前预测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThreeRemarkableBookstoEnrichYourMindInthevastoceanofliterature,certainbooksstandoutfortheirprofoundinsightsandenduringimpact.SelectedfromauthoritativelistsliketheGuardian’s“100BestBooksofthe21stCentury”andtheNewYorkTimes’annualrecommendations,thesethreeworksofferuniquewindowsintohistory,humanity,andimagination.GileadbyMarilynneRobinsonFirstonthelististhisPulitzerPrize-winningnovelthatreadslikeaheartfeltletter.Writtenfromtheperspectiveofanagingpreacher,JohnAmes,thebookreflectsonhisfamily’sjourneythroughAmericanhistory—fromtheCivilWartothe1950s.Amessharesstoriesoflove,loss,andfaithwithhisyoungson,weavingpersonalmemoriesintoavividtapestryofanation’sevolution.Withitslyricalproseanddeepmoralreflections,GileadhasearnedaDoubanratingof8.0,captivatingreaderswithitsemotionalresonance.SecondhandTimebySvetlanaAlexievichNextisaNobelPrize-winningworkofnonfiction.Throughintimateoralinterviews,theBelarusianauthordocumentsthelivesofordinarypeopleduringthechaotictransitionofpost-SovietRussia(1991-2012).Thesefirsthandaccountsrevealthehopes,struggles,anddespairofthosecaughtinhistoricalunrest,offeringarawviewofasocietyinturmoil.Recognizedforitspowerfulstorytelling,thebookboastsanimpressive8.8ratingonDouban,standingasatestamenttotheresilienceofthehumanspirit.NeverLetMeGobyKazuoIshiguroCompletingthetrioisthisthought-provokingdystopiannovel.ShortlistedfortheBookerPrize,thisworkfollowsthreefriendsgrowingupinaseeminglyidyllicboardingschool,uncoveringadarksecretabouttheirexistence.Ishiguromasterfullyblendssciencefictionwithprofoundquestionsaboutidentity,love,andmortality,creatinganarrativethatlingersinthemindlongafterthefinalpage.WithaDoubanratingof8.7,ithasbecomeamodernclassicbelovedbyreadersworldwide.Eachofthesebooksgoesbeyondgenresandtime.Whetheryouseekhistoricalwisdom,emotionaltruth,orspeculativeinsight,theypromiseajourneythatwillexpandyourhorizonsandtouchyoursoul.1.WhichofthefollowingisthenotablefeatureofGilead?A.Itsdetaileddescriptionofwarscenes. B.Itsexplorationofdystopianthemes.C.Itsfocusonpost-Sovietevolution. D.Itspresentationasapreacher’slettertohisson.2.WecaninferfromthepassagethatSecondhandTimeis________.A.afictionalstoryaboutfamouspeople B.atruerecordofsocialchangesC.abookfullofimaginaryexperiences D.aworkcriticizingmodernsociety3.Whatdothethreebookshaveincommon?A.TheyallwontheBookerPrize. B.Theyareallsetinthe21stcentury.C.Theyofferprofoundinsightsintohumanexperiences. D.Theyarebasedontheauthors’personallives.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文介绍三本高分优质书籍，分别讲述家国岁月、苏联社会变迁与人性命运思考，均富含深刻思想，能开阔眼界、滋养心灵。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Writtenfromtheperspectiveofanagingpreacher,JohnAmes,thebookreflectsonhisfamily’sjourneythroughAmericanhistory—fromtheCivilWartothe1950s.Amessharesstoriesoflove,loss,andfaithwithhisyoungson,weavingpersonalmemoriesintoavividtapestryofanation’sevolution.(这本书从一位年长的牧师约翰·艾姆斯的视角出发，回顾了他家庭在美国历史进程中的经历——从内战时期到20世纪50年代。艾姆斯与他年幼的儿子分享了关于爱、失去和信仰的故事，将个人记忆融入到一幅描绘国家发展历程的生动画卷之中)”可知，其呈现形式如同一位传教士写给儿子的信件是《吉利德》的显著特点。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Throughintimateoralinterviews,theBelarusianauthordocumentsthelivesofordinarypeopleduringthechaotictransitionofpost-SovietRussia(1991-2012).(通过深入的面对面访谈，这位白俄罗斯作家记录了苏联解体后俄罗斯那段混乱时期的普通民众的生活状况（1991年至2012年）)”可知，《二手时间》真实地记录了社会的变化。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inthevastoceanofliterature,certainbooksstandoutfortheirprofoundinsightsandenduringimpact.SelectedfromauthoritativelistsliketheGuardian’s“100BestBooksofthe21stCentury”andtheNewYorkTimes’annualrecommendations,thesethreeworksofferuniquewindowsintohistory,humanity,andimagination.(在浩瀚的文学海洋中，有一些书籍因其深刻的见解和持久的影响而脱颖而出。它们选自诸如《卫报》“21世纪最佳书籍”以及《纽约时报》年度推荐榜单等权威榜单。这三部作品为我们提供了了解历史、人性和想象力的独特视角)”可知，这三本书为人类经历提供了深刻的见解。BYangMei,a22-year-oldcollegegraduate,madeaselflessdecisiontoabandonhercozyurbanlifeandvolunteerasanonlinetutorinCliffVillage.ItisaremotemountainvillagehiddeninmistdeepinDaliangshan,wherecountlessleft-behindchildrenhadlongbeenshortofequalandhigh-qualityeducationalchances.Thevillagesitsontoweringsteepcliffs,connectedtotheoutsideworldonlybynarrowsteelladders.Worsestill,thepoornetworkoncecompletelycutthevillageofffromtheoutside,whichmaderegularonlineclassesimpossibleforlocalkids.Manyofthemhadtowithdrawfromschoolatanearlyage,andthissadsightdeeplytouchedYangMeiwhenshesetfootinthelonelymountainvillage.Atfirst,YangMeimetwithaseriesofseverehardships.Therusticvillagehouseswerecoldanddamp,andclimbingthedangeroussteelladdersbecameherexhaustingdailychallenge.Thefaintnetworksignalofteninterruptedherteachingsuddenly.Someconservativevillagersevendoubtedifshecouldsticktotheworkforlongandrefusedtosendtheirchildrentohersimpleclassroom.However,YangMeineverlostheartorthoughtofquitting.Shetriedherbesttofixbasicnetworkequipmentwithlocalvillagers’help,carriedteachingsuppliesupthesteepladderslittlebylittle,andvisitedeveryfamilytocommunicatewithparentspatiently.Shesetupasimple“cloudclassroom”andofferedlivelydailyonlinelessonsincludingChinese,MathsandelementaryEnglish.Gradually,theonceshyandsilentkidsgrewmoreeagerforknowledge,activelyraisingquestionsinclassandsharingtheirtinyinnerwishes.Warmlaughterfilledthesmallclassroomasmorechildrenjoinedin.YangMeisaidshewouldkeepstayingheretolightupthekids’learningpath.Herdevotedeffortsturnedthesimplecloudclassroomintoabrightwindowforthechildrentoknowthewiderworldandchasetheirpreciousyouthfuldreams.4.WhatwastheinitialmajorchallengeforregularonlineclassesinCliffVillage?A.Lackofteachingsuppliesandequipment.B.Shortageofwillingandqualifiedteachers.C.Parents’unwillingnesstosendchildrentoschool.D.Unstablenetworkthatoftenbroketheconnection.5.HowdidYangMeiimprovethelearningsituationinthevillage?A.Byraisingmoneytobuildanewschool.B.Byconvincingcityteacherstomovethere.C.Byestablishinga“cloudclassroom”withdailylessons.D.Bysendingchildrentonearbytownsforclasses.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeYangMei?A.Determinedandcaring. B.Reservedandsympathetic.C.Humourousandcreative. D.Ambitiousandhumble.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thenaturalbeautyandisolationofamountainvillage.B.Avolunteer’seffortstobringeducationtoleft-behindchildren.C.Thedevelopmentofinternettechnologyinruralareas.D.Thechallengesfacedbycollegegraduatesfindingjobs.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了一位22岁的大学毕业生杨梅，做出了一个无私的决定，放弃舒适的城市生活，前往位于大凉山深处、被薄雾笼罩的偏远山村担任在线教师，那里长期缺少平等且优质的教育资源。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Worsestill,thepoornetworkoncecompletelycutthevillageofffromtheoutside,whichmaderegularonlineclassesimpossibleforlocalkids.(更糟糕的是，糟糕的网络信号曾完全将这个村庄与外界隔绝，导致当地孩子无法进行正常的线上课程学习)”及第三段“Thefaintnetworksignalofteninterruptedherteachingsuddenly.(微弱的网络信号常常突然中断她的教学)”可知，这个村子常规的线上课程所面临的首要重大挑战是不稳定的网络经常使连接断开。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Shetriedherbesttofixbasicnetworkequipmentwithlocalvillagers’help,carriedteachingsuppliesupthesteepladderslittlebylittle,andvisitedeveryfamilytocommunicatewithparentspatiently.Shesetupasimple“cloudclassroom”andofferedlivelydailyonlinelessonsincludingChinese,MathsandelementaryEnglish.(她竭尽全力在当地村民的帮助下修复了基本的网络设备，一点点地将教学用品搬上陡峭的梯子，并挨家挨户地与家长们进行耐心交流。她搭建了一个简易的“云教室”，并提供了生动的日常在线课程，包括语文、数学和基础英语)”可知，她主要通过建立云课堂、开设日常课程改善村里的学习条件。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Atfirst,YangMeimetwithaseriesofseverehardships.(起初，杨梅遭遇了一系列严峻的困难)”及第四段“However,YangMeineverlostheartorthoughtofquitting.(然而，杨梅从未灰心丧气，也从未想过放弃)”及第五段“Gradually,theonceshyandsilentkidsgrewmoreeagerforknowledge,activelyraisingquestionsinclassandsharingtheirtinyinnerwishes.Warmlaughterfilledthesmallclassroomasmorechildrenjoinedin.(渐渐地，那些曾经羞涩沉默的孩子们变得更加渴望知识，课堂上积极地提出问题，分享他们内心微小的愿望。温暖的笑声充满了这个小教室，越来越多的孩子也加入了进来)”可知，杨梅面对艰苦环境从不灰心、不放弃，坚持留在山村帮助留守儿童，说明坚定有决心的和关爱他人的。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“YangMei,a22-year-oldcollegegraduate,madeaselflessdecisiontoabandonhercozyurbanlifeandvolunteerasanonlinetutorinCliffVillage.ItisaremotemountainvillagehiddeninmistdeepinDaliangshan,wherecountlessleft-behindchildrenhadlongbeenshortofequalandhigh-qualityeducationalchances.(杨梅，一位22岁的大学毕业生，做出了一个无私的决定，放弃舒适的城市生活，前往悬崖村担任在线教师。这是一个位于大凉山深处、被薄雾笼罩的偏远山村，那里长期缺少平等且优质的教育资源)”并纵观全文可知，全文讲述了一个大学毕业生杨梅放弃城市舒适生活，前往大凉山悬崖村做志愿教师，克服困难为留守儿童带去教育的故事。CHaveyoueverrushedtoarollercoasterinanamusementpark,queuedfor30minutesintheburningheat,butenjoyedtherideforonlyoneminute?Whenrecallingtheexperienceyearslater,whatremainsvividinyourmindisthetensionatthehighestpoint,thethrillingweightlessnesswhiledivingdown,andthestrongsenseofexcitementwhenitfinished.Thelongandtiringwait,however,hasfadedfromyourmemorycompletely.ThisisexplainedbythePeak-EndRule,developedbyDanielKahneman,aNobelPrize-winningeconomist.Theruleindicatesthatouroverallimpressionofanexperienceisdeterminednotbyitstotallengthorordinarymoments,butbyhowwefeelatitsmostintensepeakandfinalmoment,whichmakesourbrainabiased(有偏见的)editorratherthanafaithfulcamera.Toconfirmthisrule,Kahnemandesignedanoiseexperiment.Participantswereexposedtotwopainfulperiods.Thefirstwasa30-secondloud,sharpnoise.Thesecondincludedthesame30-secondunpleasantnoisefollowedby10secondsofsofternoise,makingitlastlongerandcontainmorediscomfortintotal.Surprisingly,mostparticipantspreferredtoexperiencethesecondoneagain,asitsrelativelygentleendingentirelytransformedtheirmemoryofthesuffering.Theruledeeplyaffectsfamilylifeandeducation.Manystudentsgrowtiredofstudyingmainlybecausetheyoftenfacenegativepeakssuchasparents’scoldwhentheystrugglewithdifficultproblems,anddisappointingendingslikeextrahomeworkimmediatelyaftertheyfinishtheirgiventasks.Bycontrast,gamesarecarefullydesignedtoofferfrequentexcitingpeaksandsatisfyingendings,whichexplainstheirstrongattraction.Therulealsoappliestointerpersonalrelationshipsandbusiness.Asinglequarrelbeforebedcanruinawholeday’spleasantmemory,whileIKEAandStarbuckswincustomersbycreatingimpressivepeaksandwarmendings.Actually,whatdecidesourhappinessisnoteverysecondweexperience,butthosekeymomentsthatshapeourlifelongmemories.8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthePeak-EndRulefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Itwasdiscoveredbyagroupofpsychologists.B.Itexplainspeople’sselectivememoryofexperiences.C.Itfocusesonaveragefeelingsduringanexperience.D.Itprovesthebrainrecordsmemoriesexactlylikeacamera.9.Whydidmostparticipantschoosethesecondnoiseexperience?A.Itbroughtthemmorediscomfortintotal.B.Itlastedlongerthanthefirstone.C.Itendedwithacomparativelymildsound.D.Ithadnosharpandloudnoiseatall.10.WhichofthefollowingcasesappliesthePeak-EndRule?A.Givingcustomersawarmgoodbye.B.Keepingdailystudytasksallthesame.C.Perfectingeverydishinarestaurant.D.Makingcustomerservicecallslonger.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AnExperimentonHumanMemoryB.KeyFactorsinImprovingStudents’InterestC.SecretsBehindBusinessSuccessD.KeyMomentsDefiningOurMemories【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了诺贝尔经济学奖得主丹尼尔·卡尼曼提出的峰终定律：人们对一段经历的整体印象，仅由体验的最强烈的感受点和结束时刻的感受决定，和体验总时长、普通过程无关，该定律解释了人对经历的选择性记忆特征。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenrecallingtheexperienceyearslater,whatremainsvividinyourmindisthetensionatthehighestpoint,thethrillingweightlessnesswhiledivingdown,andthestrongsenseofexcitementwhenitfinished.Thelongandtiringwait,however,hasfadedfromyourmemorycompletely.(多年后回想这段经历时，脑海中清晰浮现的正是那最高点的紧张感、急速下降时的惊险失重感，以及结束时强烈的兴奋感。然而，漫长而疲惫的等待过程却已完全从你的记忆中淡去)”及第二段“ThisisexplainedbythePeak-EndRule,developedbyDanielKahneman,aNobelPrize-winningeconomist.Theruleindicatesthatouroverallimpressionofanexperienceisdeterminednotbyitstotallengthorordinarymoments,butbyhowwefeelatitsmostintensepeakandfinalmoment,...)editorratherthanafaithfulcamera.(这一现象可以用丹尼尔·卡尼曼提出的“峰终定律”来解释。该定律指出，我们对一次经历的整体印象并非由其总时长或普通时刻所决定，而是由我们在最激烈高峰时刻和最终时刻的感受所决定的……)”可知，峰终定律解释了人对经历的有选择性的记忆。【9题详析】细节理解题。跟据第三段“Participantswereexposedtotwopainfulperiods.Thefirstwasa30-secondloud,sharpnoise.Thesecondincludedthesame30-secondunpleasantnoisefollowedby10secondsofsofternoise,makingitlastlongerandcontainmorediscomfortintotal.Surprisingly,mostparticipantspreferredtoexperiencethesecondoneagain,asitsrelativelygentleendingentirelytransformedtheirmemoryofthesuffering.(参与者经历了两个痛苦的阶段。第一个阶段是30秒的响亮、刺耳的噪音。第二个阶段则是相同的30秒的不愉快噪音，随后是10秒的较轻噪音，这样整个过程就更长且包含更多的不适感。令人惊讶的是，大多数参与者都更愿意再次体验第二种情况，因为它的相对温和的结局彻底改变了他们对那段痛苦经历的记忆)”可知，第二次体验的结尾是更柔和的噪声，结尾感受更好。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theruleindicatesthatouroverallimpressionofanexperienceisdeterminednotbyitstotallengthorordinarymoments,butbyhowwefeelatitsmostintensepeakandfinalmoment,...(该定律指出，我们对一次经历的整体印象并非由其总时长或普通时刻所决定，而是由我们在最激烈高峰时刻和最终时刻的感受所决定的……)”及最后一段“Therulealsoappliestointerpersonalrelationshipsandbusiness.Asinglequarrelbeforebedcanruinawholeday’spleasantmemory,whileIKEAandStarbuckswincustomersbycreatingimpressivepeaksandwarmendings.(这条规则也适用于人际关系和商业领域。睡前的一次争吵可能会毁掉一整天的美好回忆，而宜家和星巴克则通过创造令人印象深刻的高峰和温馨的结局来赢得顾客)”可知，根据该定律，一次经历结束时的感受是最令人记忆深刻的。A项中的案例：给顾客温暖的告别就是优化体验的结尾，符合峰终定律的应用。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ThisisexplainedbythePeak-EndRule,developedbyDanielKahneman,aNobelPrize-winningeconomist.Theruleindicatesthatouroverallimpressionofanexperienceisdeterminednotbyitstotallengthorordinarymoments,butbyhowwefeelatitsmostintensepeakandfinalmoment,...)editorratherthanafaithfulcamera.(这一现象可以用丹尼尔·卡尼曼提出的“峰终定律”来解释。该定律指出，我们对一次经历的整体印象并非由其总时长或普通时刻所决定，而是由我们在最激烈高峰时刻和最终时刻的感受所决定的……)”可知，本文主要结合事例介绍了“峰终定律”，即一次经历中最关键时刻的体验决定我们以后对此的回忆。D“Buyland;they’renotmakingitanymore,”MarkTwainoncesaid.Today,thisremarkservesasasharpwarningaboutourmodernfoodsystem.Earthpossessesalimitedamountofarable(适合耕种的)land,aboutonethirdofitalreadydegraded.Withtheglobalpopulationprojectedtoreach10billionby2050,theurgentneedtoincreaseproductionhasbroughtfoodsecurityfirmlyintothespotlight.Globalfoodproductionisalsoworryinglycentralizedinmerelysixcountries—Canada,theU.S.,Brazil,Argentina,Russia,andUkraine.Thesenationsaccountforanoverlylargeshareofinternationallytradedbasiccrops,particularlygrainsandoilseedsthatsupportmuchoftheworld’scalorieintake.AlzbetaKleinoftheInternationalFertilizerAssociationwarnsthatanyconflictbreakingoutinthesesixnationswillunavoidablyleadtowidespreadhunger.Whileagriculturehasalwaysbeencyclical,governedbypredictableseasonalpatterns,climatechangeintroducesanewlayerofuncertainty,asextremeweathercandestroymajorpercentagesofharvestsatanygiventimewithlittlepriorwarning.Thatstrainisnotlimitedtoland.Aspeopleflocktocities,farmingisbecomingararejob.IntheU.S.,only1.5percentofthepopulationnowworksdirectlyinagriculture,asharpdropfrom50percentsixtyyearsago.However,thesepressuresonlyrevealhalfthepicture.Ashrinkingworkforcehasunexpectedlyacceleratedextraordinaryefficiencygainsthroughdecadesofinnovationandmechanization.Themajortaskwillbeproducingmorewithless,andfewplacesrepresentthatrealitymorevividlythanBrazil,whichhassuccessfullytransformedfromafoodimporterinthe1970stoaworld-leadingexporterin2026.Over50years,itincreasedplantedareaby140percentbutraisedproductionandproductivitybyanamazing580percent.Meanwhile,aswatergrowsscarceandpesticideregulationstighteninsomeregions,countrieslikeChinaandSaudiArabiaareinvestinginprotectedcrops,glasshouses,andgreenhousestosecuresupply.12.WhatmakesfoodsecurityanurgentissueaccordingtoParagraph1?A.WiseremarksfromMarkTwain.B.Largeareasofcompletelydegradedland.C.Limitedarablelandandgrowingpopulation.D.Poormanagementofmodernfoodsystem.13.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthesixcountries?A.Globalfoodsupplyishighlyconcentrated.B.Conflictsoftenbreakoutinthesecountries.C.Theyprovideenoughcaloriesfortheworld.D.Theyownthemostadvancedfarmingtechnology.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“strain”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Progress. B.Injury. C.Loss. D.Pressure.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Brazilfailstobalanceitsfoodimportandexport.B.Countriesareseekingwaystoraisefoodproduction.C.Growingpopulationisthekeyprobleminagriculture.D.Greenhousesarewidelyusedinallwater-scarceareas.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文探讨了全球粮食安全面临的紧迫挑战及各国应对策略。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的句子“Earthpossessesalimitedamountofarable(适合耕种的)land,aboutonethirdofitalreadydegraded.Withtheglobalpopulationprojectedtoreach10billionby2050,theurgentneedtoincreaseproductionhasbroughtfoodsecurityfirmlyintothespotlight.(地球上可耕种的土地数量有限，大约三分之一已经退化。预计到2050年全球人口将达到100亿，增加产量的迫切需求使粮食安全成为人们关注的焦点。)”可知，有限的可耕种土地和不断增长的人口使得粮食安全成为一个紧迫的问题。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的句子“Globalfoodproductionisalsoworryinglycentralizedinmerelysixcountries—Canada,theU.S.,Brazil,Argentina,Russia,andUkraine.Thesenationsaccountforanoverlylargeshareofinternationallytradedbasiccrops,particularlygrainsandoilseedsthatsupportmuchoftheworld’scalorieintake.(全球粮食生产也令人担忧地集中在仅仅六个国家——加拿大、美国、巴西、阿根廷、俄罗斯和乌克兰。这些国家在国际贸易的基本作物中占了过大的份额，尤其是支撑世界大部分热量摄入的谷物和油籽。)”可知，作者提到这六个国家是想表明全球粮食供应高度集中。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的句子“Thatstrainisnotlimitedtoland.Aspeopleflocktocities,farmingisbecomingararejob.(这种strain不仅限于土地。随着人们涌向城市，农业正成为一份罕见的工作。)”以及前文“Whileagriculturehasalwaysbeencyclical,governedbypredictableseasonalpatterns,climatechangeintroducesanewlayerofuncertainty,asextremeweathercandestroymajorpercentagesofharvestsatanygiventimewithlittlepriorwarning.(虽然农业一直是周期性的，受可预测的季节模式支配，但气候变化带来了一层新的不确定性，因为极端天气可以在任何给定时间在几乎没有预警的情况下摧毁大部分收成。)”提到的粮食安全面临的挑战，可知strain的意思是“压力”，与pressure意义一致。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的句子“Themajortaskwillbeproducingmorewithless,andfewplacesrepresentthatrealitymorevividlythanBrazil,whichhassuccessfullytransformedfromafoodimporterinthe1970stoaworld-leadingexporterin2026.Meanwhile,aswatergrowsscarceandpesticideregulationstighteninsomeregions,countrieslikeChinaandSaudiArabiaareinvestinginprotectedcrops,glasshouses,andgreenhousestosecuresupply.(主要任务将是用更少的资源生产更多的粮食，巴西就是一个生动的例子，它成功地从20世纪70年代的粮食进口国转变为2026年的世界领先出口国。与此同时，随着一些地区水资源日益短缺和农药法规收紧，中国和沙特阿拉伯等国家正在投资受保护作物、温室大棚和温室以确保供应。)”可推断出，各国正在寻求提高粮食产量的方法。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverlookedupinathickforestandnoticedanaturalpattern?Thetopsofsometalltreesdonottouch.___16___.Thisfascinatingphenomenonisknownas“crownshyness.”Crownshynesshasbeenobservedincertaintreespeciesglobally,suchassomeeucalyptus,pine,andoaktrees.These“shy”treecrownsmaintainacarefuldistancefromtheirneighbors,creatingthoseuniqueandstrikingchannelsoflight.Butwhywouldtreesdothis?Scientistshaveproposedseveraltheories.___17___.Inwindyconditions,theswayingbranchesandtwigsofneighboringtreesrepeatedlycollide(碰撞)andrubagainsteachother,causingunavoidablephysicaldamagetothetendergrowingtips.Thisdamageeffectivelylimitsbranchgrowthatthepointsoffrequentcontact.Overtime,amutualboundaryformswheregrowthisrestricted,resultinginthedistinctivegaps.It’sanon-violent,long-termnegotiationforspace.Anotherinfluentialtheoryinvolveslightcompetitionforsurvival.Treesrelyonsunlightforphotosynthesis,thekeyprocessformakingfood.___18___.However,thistheoryalonecan’tfullyexplainwhythegapsaresopreciseandconsistent.Someresearchers,likeecologistMiguelFranco,suggestitmightbeacombinationoffactors:abrasion(磨损)createstheinitialgap,andthenthetrees’light-sensitiveabilitiesguidefurthergrowthawayfromtheshade.Thisbehaviorismorethanjustacuriosity.___19___.Moreimportantly,itallowsmoresunlighttofilterthroughtotheforestfloor,supportingaricherundergrowthecosystem.Crownshynessisaremarkableexampleofhowcompetitionandcoexistenceshapethenaturalworld.___20___.A.Theymayminimizeshadingbyavoidingoverlap(重叠).B.Instead,theyleavenarrow,windinggapsagainstthesky.C.Butnoonehasprovedwhythetreesavoidtouchingeachother.D.Theleadingexplanationisthe“mechanicalabrasionassumption”.E.Onetheoryisthatcollisionwillleadtothedeathofsomebranches.F.Itcancreatebeautythroughinvisiblerulesandsilentcommunicationamonggiants.G.Itlikelyreducesthespreadofleaf-eatinginsectsandprovidesapopular-levelbenefit.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.G20.F【语篇解读】介绍了森林中“树冠害羞”这一自然现象，阐述了两种主流成因假说，以及该现象对森林生态系统的作用与自然意义。【16题详析】根据上文“Thetopsofsometalltreesdonottouch.(一些高大树木的树冠互不接触)”可知，空格处承接上文，描述树冠之间留出缝隙的现象。B选项“Instead,theyleavenarrow,windinggapsagainstthesky.(相反，它们在天空下留下狭窄蜿蜒的缝隙)符合语境。【17题详析】根据下文“Inwindyconditions,theswayingbranchesandtwigsofneighboringtreesrepeatedlycollide(碰撞)andrubagainsteachother,causingunavoidablephysicaldamagetothetendergrowingtips.(在大风天气下，邻近树木摇曳的枝干与细枝会不断相互碰撞、摩擦，从而对娇嫩的新生枝梢造成难以避免的物理损伤)”可知，空格处引出第一种主要假说。D选项“Theleadingexplanationisthe“mechanicalabrasionassumption”.(主流解释是“机械磨损假说”)”统领本段，符合语境。【18题详析】根据上文“Treesrelyonsunlightforphotosynthesis,thekeyprocessformakingfood.(树木依靠阳光进行光合作用，这是制造养分的关键过程)”根据下文“However,thistheoryalonecan’tfullyexplainwhythegapsaresopreciseandconsistent.(然而，单凭这一理论无法充分解释这些间隙为何如此精准且规整一致)”可知，空格处说明“光照竞争”的理论的内容。承上启下。A选项“Theymayminimizeshadingbyavoidingoverlap.(它们通过避免重叠来减少遮光)”符合语境。【19题详析】根据上文“Thisbehaviorismorethanjustacuriosity.(这种现象不只是新奇的自然趣事)”以及下文“Moreimportantly,itallowsmoresunlighttofilterthroughtotheforestfloor,supportingaricherundergrowthecosystem.(更重要的是，这能让更多阳光穿透至森林地面，滋养更为丰富的林下生态系统)”可知，空格处介绍树冠害羞对生态的另一好处。G选项“Itlikelyreducesthespreadofleaf‑eatinginsectsandprovidesapopular‑levelbenefit.(它可能减少食叶昆虫的传播，带来广泛的生态益处)”符合语境。【20题详析】根据上文“Crownshynessisaremarkableexampleofhowcompetitionandcoexistenceshapethenaturalworld.(树冠害羞是竞争与共存塑造自然界的绝佳例子)”可知，空格处总结升华，赞美这种自然规则之美。F选项“Itcancreatebeautythroughinvisiblerulesandsilentcommunicationamonggiants.(它通过无形的法则与大树间无声的交流创造美感)”收束全文。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Thefrozenpondbehindourhousewaslikeasheetofglass,indifferenttomyfear.Learningtoskateattheageoffourteenseemed____21____.Myankleswobbledlikeloosemachines,andthecoldwentthroughmyrentalskatesbeforeI____22____steppedofftheslope.Thatfirstfallhurtmy____23____morethananythingelse.Theice____24____mypalms,andthelaughterofyoungerkidscirclingpastmademyears____25____.“Keepyourkneesbent,”mydadwouldsay,butmy____26____refusedtotrusthim.Forweeks,Iheldontotheboards,____27____alongwhileeveryoneelsechasedpucks(冰球)happily.Thechallengewasn’tjustphysical;itwasadailywarwiththe____28____insidetellingmeIdidn’tbelongoutthere.Iwatchedtheothersslidebackwardeffortlessly,andmy____29____grewintoaquietfury.Insteadofgivingup,Ichosetopushmyselfharder.Onemorning,whenIarrivedattheicecourt,itwasemptyandsilent.Determinedtostopgrabbingtherail,I____30____fromthecenter.Ifell.Gotup.Fellagain.Thistime,Ididn’tcareaboutexternal____31____orrecognition.Ijustfocusedonthescrapeoftheblade(冰刀),thebendofmyknee,andthe____32____ofthepush.Slowly,thestutteringstopsturnedintostrides.Bytheendofthatwinter,Iwasn’tthe____33____,butIhadearnedmyplace.Ilearnedthatindomitablespiritisn’taboutneverfalling—itisabout____34____thattheicenevercaresaboutyourexcuses.Itonlyrespectsthe____35____youbringtoit.21.A.similar B.impossible C.sensitive D.familiar22.A.casually B.bravely C.cautiously D.curiously23.A.knee B.ankle C.patience D.confidence24.A.stung B.warmed C.shook D.covered25.A.break B.burn C.ache D.hurt26.A.soul B.spirit C.body D.muscle27.A.dashing B.marching C.wandering D.inching28.A.music B.voice C.warning D.instruction29.A.frustration B.satisfaction C.confusion D.inspiration30.A.steppedaway B.gavein C.tookover D.pushedoff31.A.attention B.comment C.expectation D.competition32.A.strength B.pain C.length D.rhythm33.A.highest B.smartest C.fastest D.earliest34.A.repeating B.regretting C.realizing D.recovering35.A.perseverance B.wisdom C.achievement D.fortune【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.D33.C34.C35.A【语篇解读】讲述了作者年少初学滑冰屡屡受挫，饱受内心自卑与旁人目光困扰，坚持独自刻苦练习，最终学会滑冰，领悟到成功贵在坚持不懈。【21题详析】考查形容词。句意：十四岁学滑冰似乎是不可能的事。A.similar相似的；B.impossible不可能的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据上文“Learningtoskateattheageoffourteen”以及后文“Myankleswobbledlikeloosemachines”描写作者动作不稳、内心胆怯，可知初学滑冰难度大，这件事看起来不可能完成。【22题详析】考查副词。句意：我的双脚摇摇晃晃，就像松动的机器一般，寒冷的空气先透进了我租来的冰鞋里，我才小心翼翼地从斜坡上下来。A.casually随意地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.cautiously小心翼翼地；D.curiously好奇地。根据上文“Myankleswobbledlikeloosemachines,andthecoldwentthroughmyrentalskates”可知，作者初学滑冰内心惶恐，动作必然十分谨慎。【23题详析】考查名词。句意：第一次摔倒最打击我的自信心。A.knee膝盖；B.ankle脚踝；C.patience耐心；D.confidence自信。根据上文“Thatfirstfallhurtmy”以及旁人的笑声加上初次摔倒可知，更多打击的是内心的自信。【24题详析】考查动词。句意：冰面刺痛了我的手掌，身边小孩子的嬉笑声让我耳根发烫难堪。A.stung刺痛；B.warmed温暖；C.shook摇晃；D.covered覆盖。根据上文“Thatfirstfall”