湖南省岳阳市2026届高三教学质量监测（二）英语试卷

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省岳阳市2026届高三教学质量监测（二）试卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Gohiking. B.Visithisfriends. C.Dohisassignment.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inasportscenter.3.Whatdidthemandoduringthesummervacation?A.Hewentwindsurfing.B.Hetookawalkingtour.C.Hestudiednatureintheforest.4.Howmanypatientsdoesthewomanneedtoseeintotaltoday?A.10. B.12. C.15.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Workplans. B.Healthproblems. C.Heavyworkload.第二节听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.WhyisthewomangoingtohelpMrs.Moore?A.BecauseMrs.Moorelivesfarfromthetown.B.BecauseMrs.Moorehastroublemovingaround.C.BecauseMrs.Mooreneedstogotoanexhibition.7.Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheweather?A.Itisgoingtosnowsoon.B.Itisalreadyfreezingoutside.C.Thetemperaturewilldroplater.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fellowworkers.9.WhichofthefollowingdoesFennyhaveforlunchtoday?A.Coffeecake.B.Fishsandwich.C.Cheesehamburger.10.WhatdoesthemansuggestFennydo?A.Goonadiet.B.Keepherfigure.C.Stopskippingbreakfast.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.WhatdidthemandoforthefirsttimewheninSeattle?A.Hewentsurfing.B.Hetalkedtoarobot.C.Hehikedinthemountains.12.Whatdoesthehotelusetounlocktheroom?A.YourIDcard. B.Yourvoice. C.Adigitalkey.13.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthehotel?A.It’sadvanced.B.It’spopular.C.It’sbudget-friendly.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatisthebookKevinmainlyabout?A.Amagicworld.B.Aboy’sgrowth.C.Apenguin’sadventure.15.Whichbookisaboutthefamilystory?A.BlownAway. B.Jones’Peanuts. C.TheLastWolf.16.Whatcanwesayaboutthelastbookthemanmentioned?A.It’sadventurous.B.It’seducational.C.It’sanimal-centered.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Deliveringaspeech.B.Reportingthenews.C.Forecastingtheweather.18.Atwhataveragetemperaturewillcoralreefsbegintodie?A.35°C. B.37°C. C.38°C.19.Whatwillhappeniftheaveragetemperatureis39°Cto41°C?A.Mostcountrieswillbedrowned.B.Seaanimalswilldiemassively.C.Sunflowerswon’tsurviveanymore.20.Whatdoesthespeakermeanintheend?A.Wehavelostourlastchance.B.Wewillcertainlydefeattheheat.C.Weourselvesshouldmakethechange.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe26thInternationalRobotOlympiad(IRO)—CreativityCategoryTheIROCreativityCategoryisaneventinwhichparticipantsdesign,build,andpresentarobotbasedonaproductionplaninlinewiththeproposedtheme.Itisaimedatimprovingparticipants’problem-solvingskillsandcreativitybybuildingonsiteontheday.Robots●RobotmodelTherearenorestrictionsonthetypeofrobot,andmaterialscanbeusedaslongastheyfittheintendedpurpose.However,theuseofmaterialsthatposeathreattoothersisprohibited.●ProductionandpublicationconditionsAllhardwareandsoftwarepartsoftherobotmustbebuiltonsite,exceptfortherobot’scontroller.Nopre-maderobotpartswillbeaccepted.●DrivingtherobotThebuiltrobotmustdemonstrateconsistencywiththeproductionplan.Thebuiltrobotmustfunctionasintendedandeffectivelyperformtheassignedtask.HowtoplayOnthedayofthecompetition,playerswillwriteaproductionplanandproducearobotbydistributingsubtopicsrelatedtotheyear’sgrandtheme.Thecompetitionwillbeheldovertwodaysatthevenue,withrobotsbuiltonsitebeingpresentedandevaluatedbyjudgesthroughaQ&Asession.●Productionplan:Participantswillbegivenabasic2hourstodesignarobotbasedonthetopicpresentedontheday.Participantsshoulddocumenttheirideasandtechnicaldetailsfortheirrobotsaccordingtothegiventopics.●Building:Contestantswillbeallowed2.5hoursperdaytobuildtheirrobot,excludinglunchbreaks.Preparethesamerobotasintheplan.●Presentation:Contestantswillbegiven2-5minutestopresenttheirrobotwithquestionsandanswersfromthejudges.●Timelimit:Contestantsareallowedtoproduceandcompleteandsupplementwithintheassignedtime.Pointsdeductioncausedbylatesubmissionisshowninthetablebelow:Time5minutes15minutes25minutesover30minutesScores-1points-3points-5pointsDisqualification21.Whatisarequirementfortherobot?A.Allrobottypesarenotlimited. B.Dangerousmaterialsareforbidden.C.Controllersmustbebuiltonsite. D.Thetaskperformedcanbeflexible.22.Howlongareparticipantsallowedtobuildtherobotintotal?A.2.5hours B.4.5hours C.5hours D.7hours23.Whatwillhappenifaparticipantsubmits35minuteslate?A.Lose1point. B.Lose5points. C.Bedisqualified. D.Begivenextratime.BTheFahaiTemple,locatedatthesouthernfootofCuiweiMountainintheShijingshandistrictofBeijing,housesMingDynastyfrescoes(壁画)datingbacknearly600years.Today,abrand-newFahaiTempleMuralArtCenterhasbeenbuiltatthefootofthemountain.“Byusingdigitalmoderntechnology,valuabledigitalresourceshavebeencreated,allowingtheinactivefrescoestocometolife,”saidLiuXiaobo,theartcenter’scurator.Firstbuiltin1439,theFahaiTempleisknownasoneofthe“threemajorfrescoesinChina”togetherwiththefrescoesfoundinDunhuangandYonglePalace.“Thefrescoesdepict77figures,includingordinarypeople,Buddhasandbodhisattvas,eachwithdifferentposturesandexpressions,”saidLiu.WiththefallofMingDynasty,theprosperityoftheFahaiTempletoocametoanabruptend.However,inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofahigh-techindustryfeaturingcreativityservicesanddigitaltechnologyhasgiventheShijingshandistrictgovernmentmoreconfidenceinthedigitaldisplayoffrescoes.AttheexhibitionofFahaiTempleMuralArtCenter,theoriginalmuralpaintingsaredisplayedona4KHDscreen,presentingthemattheiractualsize.Eachofthe77figuresisportrayedwiththoroughattentiontodetailusing3Dmodelingatthepixel(像素)level.ThefacialdetailsofWater-moonAvalokitesvara,oneofthemostrepresentativefiguresonthefrescoesofFahaiTemple,arehardtomakeoutindimconditions.However,afterusing3Dmodeling,thefigure’sface,whichmeasuresover3meterstall,canbeseenclearlyonthe4KHDscreenatthemuralhalloftheartcenter.“Throughtechnologicalmeans,wecanzoominonthemtoshowspecificdetailsandintroducethecontentofthefrescoesitembyitem,offeringtheaudienceampletimetounderstandthefrescoes,”Liuexplained.24.WhatcanweknowabouttheFahaiTemplefrescoes?A.TheywerebuiltduringtheQingDynasty. B.TheyareamongChina’sthreemajorfrescoes.C.Therearealtogether77Buddhasinthefrescoes. D.TheyremainedprosperousintheMingDynasty.25.Whyis3Dmodelingusedforthefrescoes?A.Toreducetheactualsizeofthefigures. B.Tomakethefiguresmovelikerealones.C.Tochangethefacialexpressionsofthefigures. D.Toshowthedetailsmoreclearlyandcompletely.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“zoominon”probablymean?A.Enlarge B.Decorate C.Restore D.Appreciate27.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.ThelonghistoryoftheFahaiTemple.B.WaystoappreciatetheFahaiTemplefrescoes.C.TheintroductionofthreegreatChinesefrescoes.D.Applicationofdigitaltechnologytoancientfrescoes.CTheUnitedNationsestimatesthatsome40%oftheworld’slanguagesfaceextinction.Canartificialintelligenceslowthistrend?Globaltechgiantsareoptimistic,yettherealityisnotthatsimple.GenerativeAIhasmadegreatprogressinbreakingdownlanguageandculturalbarriers,butithasbigshortcomingsinunderstanding“low-resourcelanguages”—nativeandregionaldialectslackingvaluabledigitalcontent.AStanfordreportfoundmostmajorlarge-languagemodels(LLMs)performpoorlyinnon-English,especiallyresource-scarcedialect.Thisisaculturallossandatechnologicalblindspot,withthecoreissuebeingalackofhigh-qualitydata.ThemostpowerfulLLMsneedhugeamountsoftrainingmaterial,mostlyinEnglish.ThisleadsAItounifycultureandspreadAnglo-centricviews,aproblemresearchershavelongcomplainedabout.AI’smultilingualweaknessesbringmorethandigitalexclusion.Studiesshowlow-resourcelanguagescangetpastitssafetyguardrails.InappropriatequestionsinThaiorSwahilifailedtotriggerAI’ssafetymechanisms,unlikethoseinEnglishorChinese.Worsestill,anyonecantranslatedangerousrequestsintosuchlanguagestoexploitAI’sflaws,makingthisaglobalsafetyproblem,notjustalinguisticone.ApushforindependentAIhasgrownespeciallyinlinguisticallydiverseAsiatopreserveculturaldistinctionsinAItools:Singapore’sSEA-LIONmodelcoversoveradozenlocallanguages,andMalaysia’sILMUmodelrecognizesregionalcues.TheseeffortshaverevealedforanAImodeltotrulyrepresentagroupofpeople,eventhesmallestdetailsintrainingmaterialmatter.Truelanguagepreservationdependsoncommunity-ledefforts,notjusttechnology.IndonesianresearcherstriedtosavetheOrangRimbalanguagewithMeta’sAIbutfacedlimiteddatasets—onlydeepercommunityparticipationcansolvethis.NewZealand’sTeHikuMediasetagoodexample:workingwithMaorielders,itbuiltacommunity-ownedlanguagedatabase,notonecontrolledbybigtech.Thisistheonlysustainableway—withoutcommunityinvolvement,AIwillnotsavedyinglanguages,buthelpburythem.28.WhatisthemajorproblemofAIinprotectingdyinglanguages?A.Itmakeslittleprogressinbreakingculturalbarriers.B.Itcannotcreateanydigitalcontentfornativedialects.C.Itlackshigh-qualitytrainingdataforlow-resourcelanguages.D.IterasesculturaldiversityandpromotesAnglo-centricideas.29.WhatcanwelearnaboutAI’ssafetyguardrailsfromthetext?A.Theybringmorethandigitalexclusion.B.TheyfailtoprotectEnglishdigitalusers.C.Theyworkwellinhandlingalllinguisticrequests.D.Theycanbebypassedbylow-resourcelanguages.30.HowdoestheauthorpresentAsia’sindependentAIefforts?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byquotinganexpert.C.Byprovidingstatistics. D.Bymakingacomparison.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AI:APowerfulToolforDyingLanguagePreservationB.IndependentAIinAsia:TheKeytoSolvingLanguageCrisisC.Low-resourceLanguages:ABigChallengetoAIDevelopmentD.DyingLanguages:AI’slimitationsandthevitalcommunityroleDAtinyversionofthedevelopingcerebralcortex(大脑皮质)—abrainregioninvolvedinthinking,memoryandproblem-solving—hasbeengrowninalabdishwithasystemofbloodvesselsthatcloselyresemblestherealthing.Thisisoneofthemostdetailedbrainorganoids(类器官)createdtodate,anditwilldeepenourunderstandingofthebrain.Brainorganoids,sometimescalledmini-brains,aretypicallygrowninlabdishesbybathingstemcellsinamixtureofchemicalcues,whichstimulatethemtoformballsofcells.Sincetheywerefirstcreatedin2013,thesecerebralstructures—whoseelectricalactivityresemblesnewbornbrains—haveprovidedfreshinsightsintoconditionssuchasschizophreniaanddementia.Butorganoidshaveonebigflaw:theytypicallystartdyingafterafewmonths.That’sbecause,whilefull-sizedbrainsareequippedwithanetworkofbloodvesselstotransportoxygenandnutrients,brainorganoidscanabsorbtheseonlyfromthedishinwhichtheyaregrown,starvingtheinnermostcells.Thislimitstheirsizeandcomplexity,andhowwelltheyresemblethedevelopingbrain.“It’saverybigproblem,”saysLoisKistemakerattheUniversityMedicalCentreUtrechtintheNetherlands.Toaddressthis,EthanWinklerattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,andhiscolleaguesgrewhumanstemcellsintocorticalorganoids,whichmimicthedevelopingcortex.Separately,theygreworganoidsmadeofbloodvesselcellsandplacedthematbothendsofeachcorticalorganoid.Afterweeks,thebloodvesselsspreadevenlythroughoutthemini-brains.Imagingrevealedthevesselshadahollowcenter,orlumen,highlysimilartothoseinrealbrains.MadelineLancasterattheUniversityofCambridgecallsthis“amajorstep.”Thesevesselsalsomorecloselymatchthephysicalpropertiesandgeneticactivityofnaturalbloodvessels,forminganimproved“blood-brainbarrier.”Thefindingssuggestvesselsstandabetterchanceoftransportingnutrientstokeeporganoidsalive,thoughLancasternoteswearestillfarfromfullyfunctionalbloodvessels.32.Whatcanweknowaboutbrainorganoids?A.It’sassociatedwithcognition. B.Ithelpsdeepeninsightintobrain.C.It’sverysimilartotherealbrain. D.Itcuresschizophreniaanddementia.33.Whatpreventsbrainorganoidsfromdevelopingfurther?A.Thecomplexchemicalenvironment. B.Thesizeofthedishtheyaregrownin.C.Theinstabilityoftheirelectricalactivity. D.Thelackofapropernutrienttransportsystem.34.Whatsolutionsdidtheresearcherscomeupwith?A.Buildingacompletenetworkofbloodvesselsinfull-sizedbrains.B.Increasingthesizeandcomplexityofcorticalorganoidsrapidly.C.Combiningtwotypesoforganoidstohelpbloodvesselsgrowinside.D.Providingmoreoxygenandnutrientsforcellsdirectlyfromthedish.35.WhatisLancaster’sattitudetowardthenewstudy?A.Objective. B.Critical. C.Dismissive. D.Approving.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There’salong-standingbeliefthatostriches(鸵鸟)liketo“bury”theirheadsinthesandwhentheyfacedanger.Thisideahaslongbeenprovedfalse-ostrichesdon’tactuallydothis.Ironically,however,humansoftenbehaveinexactlythisway.Manypeopledeliberatelychoosenottoknowcertainthings:avoidingbadnews,ignoringuncomfortabletruths,orpostponingunpleasantupdates.This“thelessIknow,thebetter”mindsetissurprisinglycommoninadultsbuthasanunclearorigin-childrenarenaturallycurious,constantlyaskingquestions.____36____A2025studypublishedinPsychologicalSciencesetouttoanswerthisquestion.Researchersstudiedinformationavoidanceandtestedchildrenaged5to10inscenarioswheretheycouldchoosetoseekoravoidinformation.Asexpected,youngerchildrenwerehighlycuriousandeagertolearn,eveniftheylatermadeselfishchoices.____37____Researchersexplainedthataschildrengrowolder,theycaremoreaboutappearingfair.Byavoidinginformation,theycreate“moralwiggleroom”(道德回旋余地)toactselfishlywhilestillseemingmoral.____38____First,peopleavoidinformationtoprotectthemselvesfromnegativeemotions.Second,ithelpsthempreserveapositiveself-image.Third,itallowsthemtoactintheirownself-interestwithoutfeelingguilty.Thesepatternscontinueintoadulthood.Whileignorancemaybringtemporarycomfort,itoftenleadstoseriouslong-termcosts.Avoidinghealthchecks,ignoringrelationshipproblems,ordismissingsocialissuescanallresultinlastingharm.____39____Earlyavoidanceinchildhoodcanevencontributetobroadersocialchallenges.Repeatedlyavoidinguncomfortableideascanleadtoideologicalrigidity.____40____This“developmentalparadox”—fromcuriousexplorersto“ostriches”—shapesourchoicesandlimitsourgrowth.A.Sohowtostaycuriousasadults?B.Sowhenandwhydowebecomeselectivelyignorant?C.However,olderchildrenincreasinglyavoidinformation,actingselfishly.D.Thestudyidentifiedthreemainmotivationsbehindinformationavoidance.E.Ignoringclimatechangemayfeelsafe,butthreatenslong-termglobalstability.F.Intheend,theshort-termreliefpalesincomparisontothelong-termconsequences.G.Asresearchshows,thisshiftcreatesa“developmentalparadox”withlifelongeffects.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’dmovedtoHongKongfrommyhometowninmainlandChinafullofexcitementwiththefirmbeliefthatIwasheretobecomeascientist.However,Ifelt____41____immediately.IwasusedtoclassesinMandarin,buthereeveryonespokeEnglishinthelab.Theirconversation____42____soquicklythatIcouldn’tkeepupwiththem.Mydifficultyinfollowingmysupervisor’sinstructionsledtome____43____anexperiment.Inapresentation,afterI____44____“genedilution”as“genedeletion,”thesilencethatfollowedmademeblushwith____45____.Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingto____46____mystudiesandthoughtaboutgivingup.Thenaseniorlabmemberpulledmeasideandsaid,“You’renothereforyourEnglish;you’reherebecauseyoucanthink.”Hissimplewordsgavemethe____47____topersevere.Irecordedeveryclassandmeeting,____48____themlateatnighttofillinthe____49____.MyEnglishprogresswasslowbut____50____.BythetimeIdefendedmyPh.D,Icouldexpressmyideas____51____,seeingmyaccentnotasadrawback,butaproudpartofmy____52____.Myconfidence____53____.Yearslater,Ireturnedtomyhometowntorunmyownlab,realizingmymissionwastoteachmystudentstothinkcritically,solveproblemscreatively,and____54____,givethemthe____55____tosucceedinscienceandinlife.41.A.outofplace B.outoftheworld C.overthemoon D.undertheweather42.A.began B.changed C.progressed D.concluded43.A.conducting B.ruining C.cancelling D.designing44.A.pronounced B.named C.spelled D.classified45.A.anger B.pride C.embarrassment D.pleasure46.A.takeup B.reflecton C.pushback D.getthrough47.A.choice B.permission C.freedom D.courage48.A.correcting B.replaying C.sorting D.appreciating49.A.forms B.gaps C.data D.time50.A.steady B.painful C.impressive D.effortless51.A.quickly B.clearly C.simply D.awkwardly52.A.destiny B.achievement C.spirit D.identity53.A.faded B.collapsed C.skyrocketed D.remained54.A.atfirst B.afterall C.atmost D.aboveall55.A.confidence B.approval C.possibility D.ambition第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NinJiomPeiPaKoa,atraditionalChinesecoughsyrup(糖浆)witharecipeunchangedsincethe1600s,isenjoyingarenewedglobalsurgeinpopularity.Itsrecipehasremainedunchangedforover400years,sales____56____(hit)635millionyuanin2024,anearlyone-thirdincreasecomparedwith2019.Soldinmorethan20countriesacrosstheworld,itis____57____(main)producedinHongKongandpricedataround$5abottleinlocalpharmacies,____58____coststhreetimesasmuchwhensoldbythirdpartiesonAmazoninAmerica.Youngpeoplehavebeenparticularly____59____(enthusiasm)aboutthiseffectiveherbalsyrup.WorldwideGooglesearchesforthesyruprose____60____aquarterlastyear,andTikTokshortvideosonhowtouseitproperlyhaverackedupmillionsofviewsonline.Western____61____(celebrity),includingfamoussingers,actorsfrompopularfilmsandmusicgroups,havepraiseditsability____62____(relieve)sorethroatsandsoothescratchyvocalcordseffectively.Thistrendreflectsthefast-growingWesterninterestintraditionalChinesemedicine,drivenbythesocial-mediacrazeforbiohacking,____63____focusesonimprovinghealththroughexperimentalwaysindailylife.OtherancientChinesehealingtechniques,suchasGuaSha,____64____(be)alsoverypopularamongyoungWesternersthesedays.ItfullyshowsthatancientChineseherbalremediesarestillhighlyvaluedwhen____65____(introduce)tothewholeworld.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，你的外国网友Tom对你家乡的文化很感兴趣，计划暑假来亲身体验。请给他回一封邮件推荐一天的文旅行程。内容包括：(1)推荐行程；(2)推荐理由。注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。TheWrongTrolley(手推车)—anAmazingFoodAdventureOnSaturday,Mumwenttovisitherfriendsinthecity,andOllie,DadandIwenttodotheshopping.Thecarparkatthesupermarketwasveryfull.Inside,itwaspackedlikesardinesinatin,everycheckoutfulloftrolleysandstaffbusyrunningaround.Dadsaidweneededtoworktogether:Olliepushedthetrolley,Icheckedthelist,andhedidtherunningandgrabbing.Whenwewalkedpasttheflowerstand,Dadpickedabigbuncho