专业英语八级模拟试卷552

专业英语八级模拟试卷552

一、听力复合式听写（本题共io题，每题i.o分，共

10分。）

On（heOriginofBodyLanguageTheOriginofBodyLanguagehasalottodowiththe

emotions.Theemotionsareahoitopicofthe1990s.Asweallknow,socialrelationships

arclubricated,gluedtogetherand[1]bytheemotions.[1]Buthow

toexpressordevelopemotionsefficiently?Let'sturntoCharlesDarwin's1872classic

TheExpressionoftheEmotionsforanswer.AccordingtoDarwin,emotionsare

expressednot[2]but[2]inbodylanguage.Darwinsummedupthree

principlesgoverningemotionalexpression.Thefirstonereferstosomeemotionsthatarc

expressedinawaythatiposturallyappropriatefortherelated[3].Darwin

calledthese[3]expressions"serviceableassociatedhabits,"andtheyarethe

easiesttounderstand.Hissecondprincipleis[4],whichreferstosome[4]

emotionsthatappeartobeexpressedbya[5]oppositetothat[5]

oftheoppositeemotion,thisthirdprinciple,whichhasneverfoundmany

supporters,iscalledthedirectactionofthe[6]systemtrodit[6]is

usedtoexplain,forinstance,tremblingasanexpressionoffear.EvenbetoreDarwin,

somesocialandpoliticaltheoristsofthe18thcenturyalreadyheldthegeneralideathat

emotionalexpressionisuniqueto[7].TheysupposedthattheCreatorhad

installedblushing[7]inhumansto[8]antisocialbehaviorandmake

sociallifepossible.[8]Darwin'soriginalintentiontowritethebookisto

demonstratethecontinuityofemotionalexpressionbetweenhumansandmanyother

[9].Butashisprojectgrewittookonnewdimensions,and[9]he

finallyfinishedhisbookthatwas[10]aroundhisthree[10]

principlesofemotionalexpressionbutnotthequestionofevolutionarycontinuity.

1、[I]

标准答案：dissolved/destroyed

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[2]

标准答案：verbally

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、[3]

标准答案：behavior/action

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、[4]

标准答案：antithesis

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、[5]

标准答案：posture

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、[6]

标准答案：nervous

知识点解析：西无解析

7、[7]

标准答案：humans/man

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、[8]

标准答案：check/control/restrain

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、[9]

标准答案：species

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、[10]

标准答案：structurcd/ccntcred

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、听力对话组题（本题共5题，每题分，共5

分。）

11、WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureofParker'sbookstotheinterviewed?

A、Theyfbcusonthefutureofeducation.

B、Theymainlytalkabouteducationforall.

C、Theyrequireparticipationofreaders.

D、Theyshouldbetreatedasonebook.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、WhatisthepurposeofParker'sbook?

A、Tofindwaystoestablishvirtualeducationsystemandtoprovideeducationforall.

B、Toexaminethechangesinuniversityinthepastandinthefuture.

C、Topromotetheefforttosolveproblemsofhunger,healththrougheducation.

D^Toexploreanewwaytoengagepubliceffortsinwritingbooksviainternet.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、WhatisParker'sattitudetouniversityinthefuture?

A、Virtualglobaleducationsystemwillreplaceuniversityinthefuture.

B、Universitywillcontinuetoplayakeyroleinthefuture.

C、Residentialcampuswillbeintegratedintothevirtualeducationalsystem.

D^Universitiesshouldopentheirdoorstoeverymemberinasociety.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、WhichisnotthefeedbacktohisbooksthatParkergets?

A、Parkerhasembarkedonatooambitiousproject.

B、Hisbooksfailedtoprovidethelatestinformation.

C、Heshouldpaymoreattentiontomoderntechnology.

D、Hisbookscannotsatisfypeoplewithdifferentbackgrounds.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、Parkerhopesthatinthefuturehisworkcan.

A、engagemorepeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld

B、attractmoreattentionfrom（heeducationalexperts

C、responsebettertothecriticismshereceivedfromtheworld

D、developintoresourcebaseforsolvingeducationalproblems

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力新闻（本题共I题，每题1.0分，共1分。）

16、Itisthattooktheinitiativeinthemerger?

A、Arcelor

B、MittalSteel

C、Luxemburg

D、WTO

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、常规阅读理解(本题共3题，每题1.0分，共3

分。)

TheGameoftheNameHerecomesJohnSmithwalkingtowardme.Eventhoughbeis

butapassingacquaintance,theAmericangreetingritualdemands(hatIutterafewwords

(oreassurehimofmygoodwill.ButwhatformofaddressshouldIuse?John?Smith?

Dr.Smith?Adecisionsuchasthisisusuallymadeunconsciously.Asnativespeakersin

(ileAmericanspeechcommunity,wehavegrownuplearningtherulesofaddressatthe

sametimethatwewereacquiringthegrammaticalvalesofAmerican-English.Atfirst

thought,itmightseematrivialpursuittoexaminethewaysinwhichweaddressone

another.Butformsofaddressrevealmanyassumptionswemakeaboutmemebersofour

speechcommunity.Ourinitialdecisionabouttheappropriateaddressformisbasedon

relativeages.Ifthepersonbeingad-dressedisachild,thenalmostalltherulesthatwe

haveunconsciouslyassimilatedcansafcly'bcignored,andwcusethesimpleformula

FirstName.Thechild,inturn,addressesanadultbyusingtheformulaTheplusLast

Name.Butdefininga"child"isnotalwayseasy.Iaddressmyson'sroommateatcollege

byFN,eventhoughheisanadultunderthelaw.I,too,havetherelativeageofachildto

a75-year-oldacquaintancewhocallsmePete.Letusassume(hatJohnSmithisnota

childwhocanbeaddressedbyFNbutiseithermycontemporaryormyelder.Thenext

importantdeterminerfortheformofaddresswillthenbethespeechsituation.Ifthe

situationisaformalone,thenImustdisregardallotherrulesandusesocialIdentityplus

LastName.JohnSmithwillalwaysbeaddressedasDr.Smith(orsometimessimplyas

Doctor,withLastNameunderstood)inthemedicalsettingofofficeorhospital.(Iam

allowedtocallhimifmystatusisatleastashighashisorifwearefriendsoutsideofour

socialroles,buttherestofmyutterancemustremainrespectful.)Wearcalsoobligedto

addresscertainotherpeoplebytheirsocialidentityinformalsituation:publicofficials

(Congressman:YourHonor),educators(ProfessororDoctor),leadersofmeetings(Mr.

Chairman),RomanCatholicpriests(FatherDaily)andnuns(SisterAnna),andsoforth.

Bytheway,notethesexistdistinctionintheformulasforpriestsandnuns.Theformula

fbrapriestisFatherplusLastName,butforanunitisSisterplusReligiousName

(usuallyanFN).Mostconversations,however,arcnotcarriedoninformalspeech

situations,andsothebasicdecisioniswhentouseFNtoTLN.Asocialacquaintanceor

newlyhiredcolleagueofapproximatelythesameageandrankisusuallyintroducedon

anFNbasis."Pete,I'dlikeyoutomeetHarvy."Nowaproblemarisesifbothageand

rankofconeofthepartiesarehigher:"Pete,I'dlikeyoutomeetAttorneyBrown."

AttorneyBrownmay,ofcourse,atanytimesignalmethatheiswillingtosuspendthe

rulesofaddressandallowanFNbasis.Suchasuspensionishisprivilegetobestow,and

itisusuallyhandledhumorously,witharemarklike,"IanswerquickertoBruce."

Complicationsarisewhenrelativeageandrelativerankarenotboththesame.Ayoung

doctorwhojoinsahospitalfindsitdifficulttoaddressamucholderdoctor.Theyarc

equalinrank(andthereforeFNshouldbeused)butthegreatdisparityinagescallsfor

TLN.Insuchcases,theyoungdoctorcanusetheNo-Name(NN)formula,phrasinghis

utterancesadroitlytoavoidusinganytermofaddressatall.Englishisquiteexceptional

amongtheworld'slanguagesinthisrespect.MostEuropeanlanguagesobligethespeaker

tochoosebetweenthefamiliarandformalsecondpersonsingular(asintheFrenchtu

andvous),asEnglishoncedidwhen"thou"wasinuse.ThisisthebasicAmerican

system,buttherulesvaryaccordingtospeechsituations,subtlefriendshiporkin

relationshipsbetweenthespeakers,regionsofthecountry,andsoforth.Southernspeech,

forexample,addstheformulaTitleplusFirstName(Mr.Charlie)toindicatefamiliar

respect.Southernersarealsolikelytospecifykinterms(asinCousinJane)whereasin

mostoftheUnitedStatesFNisusedforcousins.Addresstostrangersalsoalterssomeof

therules.Aspeakerusuallyaddressesastrangerwhoseattireandbehaviorindicate

higherstatusbysayingsir.Butsometimesspeakerswithlowstatusaddressthosewith

obviouslyhigherstatusbyspurningthisruleandinsteadusingMacorbuddy—aswhena

constructionworkerasksapassingexecutive,sociallyidentifiedbyhisatlacie'case,"You

gotamatch,buddy?"

17、Accordingtotheauthortheformofaddressisnotbasedon.

A、relativeages

B、speechsituation

C、relativeranks

D^relativeincomes

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章提到谈活的场合，对方的年龄以及职位的依据，但与工资多少是

没有关系的。

18、Howdopeopleaddressapublicofficialcorrectly?

A、ProfessororDoctor.

B、FatherorSister.

C、Mr.Chairman.

D、HisHonororCongressman.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：在第六段中，作者提到对于政府官员的称呼。

19、Whichformulaisusedwhenayoungmanaddressesanelderpersonbu(withthe

samerank?

A、FN.

B、NN.

C、TEN.

D、SIorSILN.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：首先弄清作者在文中提到的方式：FirstName(FN)；Titlepluslast

Namc(TIN)；SocialIdentityplusLastName；SocialIdentity；No-Namc(NN).为：

theyoungdoctorcanusetheNNformula,phrasinghisutterancesadroitlyLo,avoid

usinganytermofaddressatall.

五、常识(本题共70题，每题分，共70分。)

20、TheWorldWarIbrokeoutonJune28th,

A、1914.

B、1917.

C、1815.

D、1918

标准答案：A

知识点解析：第一次世界大战从1914到1918年，历时4年。本题问的是爆发时

间，故A正确。

21、analysisisaprocessofgrammaticalanalysisaccordingtowhichasyntactic

constructioncanbeanalyzedintoitsbasicunits.

A、TG

B、IC

C、LAD

D、ST

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、NewZealandwasfirstdiscoveredbytheexplorerAbelTasmanin1642.

A^French

B、Dutch

C、English

D、Spanish

标准答案：B

知识点解析：新西兰最初是由荷兰探险家阿贝尔・塔斯曼发现的。

23、isessentiallythedescriptionofthesystemsandpatternsofspeechsoundsin

alanguage.

A^Phonology

B、Morpheme

C、Syntax

D、Morphology

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：本题考查语言学基本概念。Phonology（音系学）是指语言中，对其有关

分类和模式以及为大家默认的发音规则的研究。[B]Morpheme（词素）是最小的有意

义的语言单位。[C]Syniax（句法学）是语言学的一个分支，指的是语言中对其句子结

构的研究。[D]Morphology（形态学）是语法的一个分支。它是研究某一种语言中的

单词结构和形式学科。

24、proposedtheideaofthesurfacestructureandthedeepstructure.

A、Bloomfield

B、Halliday

C、Saussure

D^Chomsky

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题考查句法学知识。Chomsky（乔姆斯基）矣出了surfacestruclure（表

层结构）和deepslructure（深层结构）的概念。

25>Theminimalphonologicalunitis.

A、phoneme

B、morpheme

C、root

D^syllable

标准依安.A

知识,解析：暂无解析

26、proposedTGgrammar.

A、Hymcs

B、Chomsky

C、Halliday

D、Saussure

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

27、Ofallthesymbols,,whichareconsideredtorepresentfertilityandnewlife,

arethosemostfrequentlyassociatedwithEaster.

A^thepumpkinandtheturkey

B、thelambandthebeef

C^thespringpeasandtilepotatoes

D、theeggandtherabbit

标准答案：D

知识点解析：复活节的标志是彩蛋和多产的兔子。南瓜是Halloween的标志，火鸡

是圣诞大餐中的一道菜。其他则是非节日标志性食品。因而本题的答案是D。

28、WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbethesynonymoftheword"father"?

A、Oldman.

B、Daddy

C、Dad.

D^Parent.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：father的同义词有:oldman*daddy,dad,maleparento

29、WhichofthefollowingaboutboundmorphemeisNOTtrue?

A^Boundmorphemecannotoccurunattached.

B、Boundmorphemesareneverwords.

C、Alltheprefixesareboundmorphemes.

D^Boundmorphemessometimescanbeusedalone.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：boundmorpheme（粘着词索）不能单独出现。

六、改错（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

30Notforyourtimelyadvice,Iwouldneverhaveknownhowtogoaboutthework.

标准答案：Not—But

可识点解析：主句中学用了虚拟语气，状语应当表示与现实相反的假设，bulfor表

示“要不是”,可以表示ifitwerenotforyourtimelyadviceo

七、汉译英（本题共/题，每题L0分，共1分。）

31、推进产业结构优化升级，形成以高新技术产业为先导、基础产业和制造业为

支撑、服务业全面发展的产业格局。优先发展信息产业，在经济和社会领域广泛应

用信息技术。积极发展对经济增长有突破性重大带动作用的高新技术产业。用高新

技术和先进适用技术改造传统产业，大力振兴装备制造业。继续加强基础设施建

设。加快发展现代服务业，提高第三产业在国民经济中的比重。正确处理发展高新

技术产业加传统产业、资金技术密集型产业和劳动密集型产业、虚拟经济和实体经

济的关系。

标准答案：Wemustpressaheadtooptimizeandupgradetheindustrialstructuresoas

tobringaboutanindustrialpatternwithhighandnewtechnologyindustriesastheleader,

basicandmanufacturingindustriesasthekingpinandthesen-iceindustrydevelopingin

allareas.Wemustgiveprioritytothedevelopmentoftheinformationindustryandapply

ITinallareasofeconomicandsocialdevelopment.Wemustdevelophighandnew

technologyindustriestoprovidebreakthroughsinstimulatingeconomicgrowth.Itis

necessarytotransformtraditionalindustrieswithhighandnewtechnologyandadvanced

adaptivetechnologyandinvigoratetheequipmentmanufacturingindustry.Weshould

continuetostrengtheninfrastructure.Weshouldacceleratethedevelopmentofthe

modemservicesectorandraisetheproportionof（hetertiaryindustryinthenational

economy.Wemustcorrectlyhandletherelationshipsofdevelopmentbetweenthehigh

andnewtechnologyindustriesandtraditionalindustries,betweencapital-and

technology-intensiveindustriesandlabor-intensiveindustriesandbetweenvirtual

economyandrealeconomy.

知识点解析：暂无解析,

八、英译汉（本题共［题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

32、Hismessageperplexedhismindtothatdegreethathewasfain,severaltimes,to

lakeoffhishaiioscratchhishead.Exceptonthecrown,whichwasraggedlybald,hehad

stiffblackhair,standingjaggedlyalloverit,andgrowingdownhillalmosttohisbroad.

bluntnose.11wassolikesmith'swork,somuchmorelikethetopofastronglyspiked

wallthanaheadofhair,thatthebestofplayersatleap-frogmighthavedeclinedhim,as

themostdangerousmanintheworldtogoover.Whilehetrottedbackwiththemessage

hewastodelivertothenightwatchmaninhisboxatthedoorofTcllson'sBank,by

TempleBar,whowastodeliverittogreaterauthoritieswithin,theshadowsofthenight

tooksuchshapestohimasaroseoutofthemessage,andtooksuchshapestothemareas

aroseoutofherprivatetopicsofuneasiness.Theyseemedtobenumerous,forsheshied

ateveryshadowontheroad.

标准答案：他带回的信息使他很为迷惘，好几次都想脱K帽子搔一搔头皮。他的

头顶J秃，只剩下几根乱发。秃得乱七八糟的头顶周围的头发却长得乂黑又硬，向

四面支棱开，又顺着前额往下长，几乎到了那宽阔扁平的鼻子面前。那与其说是头

发，倒不如说像是某个铁匠的杰作，更像是竖满r铁疾藜的墙顶，即使是跳田鸡的

能手见了也只好看作是世界上最危险的障碍，敬谢不敏。此人骑着马小跑着往回

走。他要把消息带给伦敦法学院大门旁台尔森银行门口警卫亭里的守夜的，守夜的

要把消息转告银行里更高政权威。夜里的黑影仿佛是从那消息里生出的种种幻象，

出现在他面前，也仿佛是令母马心神不宁的幻象横出在那牲畜面前。幻象似乎频频

出现，因为她每见了路上一个黑影都要吓得倒退。

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、作文(本题共[题，每题分，共7分。)

33、AccordingtotheLegalEveningNews,China'sCriminalLawislikelytoincludea

newchargeof"drivingamotorvehicleinadangerousmanner".Andmanypeoplethink

thatthedrunkdrivingcriminalizedinaseparatecaseasacriminalnormisimperative.

Whatisyouropinion?Writeanessayofabout400wordsonthefollowingtopic:IsIt

NecessarytoMakeActsofDrunkDrivingintoaCrimeInthefirstpartofyouressayyou

shouldstateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupportyour

argumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldoringwhatyouhavewritten

toanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.Markswillheawardedforcontent,

organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmay

resultinalossofmarks.

标准答案：IsItNecessarytoMakeActsofDrunkDrivingaCrimeWiththe[1]

tremendousdevelopmentofChina'seconomy,automobileindustry[2]greetsspringand

thenumberofautomobileusersis[3]proliferatinginanexplodingway.Accordingly,the

trafficaccidentrateisincreasingtoalargeextent.[4]Accordingtoaninvestigationof

WHO,about600,000trafficaccidentstakeplaceeveryyearinourcountry,andnearly50

to60percenttrafficaccidentsaredirectlyrelatedtodrunkdriving.Thebloodyscenesof

accidentsitesandthedeathofpromisingliveshavesodeeplyimpressedthepublic[5]

(hatsomepeoplepropose|5)(hatdrunkdrivingbemadeacrimeinsteadofamere

viola