专业英语八级模拟试卷272

专业英语八级模拟试卷272

一、听力复合式听写(本题共io题，每题1.o分，共

10分。)

MarriageinAncientEgyptTheancientEgyptiansheldmarriageasasacredbond.Each

personinafamilyplayedhisorherownrole.Marriageandaclosefamilyplayedan

[1]roleinancientEgypt.TheancientEgyptianswereencouragedtomarryyoung

becausethe[2]atthistimewasrelativelyshort.Oneofthemost[3]titlesyoucould

callyourlovewas"brother"or"sister",thoughmarriagebetweensiblingswasnota

commonphenomenon.WeddingDay:Thebridemerelymovedherbelongingsintothe

homeofherhusband.Thoughtherewasnoofficialceremony,therewereboundtobe

[4]inhonoroftheunitingcouple.Beforethe26thdynastywhenagirlwasgoingto

enterintoamarriage,herfatherhadthe[5].MarriageContract:Marriagesettlements

weredrawnupbetweenawoman'sfatherandherfuturehusband.Itssolepurposewasto

establishtherightsofbothpartiesto[6]andpossessionsduringthemarriageandafter

divorce.Thefinishedcontractwasgiventoathirdparlyfor[7].Duetothecontract

systemthatprovidedsuchfar-reachingsafeguardsfbrthe[8]rightsofwivesand

childrenthatmostmencouldonlyaffordonewifeatatime.Duringtheearlyperiodsof

ancientEgypt,thefuturehusbandmadeapayment(o(hebride'sfather.Laterthispractice

abandonedandlateritwas[9].Divorce:Awomancoulddivorceherhusbandfor

mentalorphysicalcrueltyoradultery.Withthe[10]ofmarriageanddivorceandthe

financialprotection,shegenerallyreceiveddivorce.

1、[I]

标准答案：integral

知识点解析：暂无解析

2、[2]

标准答案：1ifespan

知识点解析：暂无解析

3、［31

标准答案：affeclionate

知识点解析：暂无解析

4、［4］

标准答案：familycelebrations

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、［5］

标准答案：mainsay

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、［6］

标准答案：maintenance

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、［7］

标准答案：safekeeping

知识点解析：西无解析

8、［81

标准答案：material

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、［9］

标准答案：reversed

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、［10］

标准答案：ease

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、听力对话组题（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5

分。）

11、Whatdoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

A、Inatravelagency.

B、Onacampus.

C、Inabookshop.

D、Inateachers,shop.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

12、WherewillDenisspendhisholiday?

A、InBritain.

B、InAustralia.

C^InItaly.

D、Noneoftheabove.

标准答案；C

知识点解析：暂无解析

13、InAustralia,onecan.

A^studyEnglishseparately

B、studyEnglishalongwithothersubjects

C、studyEnglishasafunandrelaxation

D、alloftheabove

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

14、ThoseEnglishlanguagecollegesthatarenotpartofauniversitymaybe.

A^operatedprivately

B、operatedbythegovernment

C^partofgovernmenttechnicalandbusinesscolleges

D、alloftheabove

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

15、VisitorsonatouristvisacanundertakeEnglishstudyforupto.

A、threemonths

B、sixmonths

C、oneyear

D、threeyears

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力新闻（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共5分。）

16、WhichofthefollowinggroupsoffactsaboutthereportedbombexplosionisTRUE?

A^Date:Monday;Place:aShiiteMosque;Casualties:16killed,30injured.

B、DatesMonday;Place;ahousenearbyaShiiteMosque;Casualties:17killed,30

injured.

C、Date:Sunday;Place:unknown;Casualties:Ikilled.

D^Date:Sunday;Place:aShiiteMosque;Casualties:17killed;30injured.

标准答案：A'

知识点解析：暂无解析

17、Thebombexplosionmightbelinkedto.

A^AIOaedaterroristgroup

B、citywideriotingonthedaybefore

C、thekillingofaSunnicleric

D、（hedisputeovertheownershipofthemosque

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

18、ThetragiceventsonSundayandMondayrevealinPakistan.

A^thehistorichatredbetweenSunniandShiiteMuslims

B、therearesectarianterroristsamongbothSunniandShiiteMuslims

C^SunniMuslimscouldneverhavegoodrelationswithShiiteMuslims

D、SunniMuslimswouldnotallowShiiteMuslimstochallengetheirmajorityrole

标准答案：B、.

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、ThegovernorofanIranianprovince.

A^waskilledinanearthquake

B、waskilledinahelicoptercrashonFriday

C、wasamongthe9dead

D、survivedthecrash

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

20、TheearthquakeinnorthernIrankilledatleastpeople.

A、9

B、25

C、34

D、80

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

四、常规阅读理解（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20

分。）

Theperiodofadolescence,i.e.,（hepersonbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,maybe

longorshort,dependingonsocialexpectationsandonsociety'sdefinitionastowhat

constitutesmaturityandadulthood.Inprimitivesocietiesadolescenceisfrequentlya

relativelyshortperiodoflime,whileinindustrialsocietieswithpatternsofprolonged

educationcoupledwithlawsagainstchildlabor,theperiodofadolescenceismuchlonger

andmayincludemostoftheseconddecadeofone'slife.Furthermore,thelengthofthe

adolescentperiodandthedefinitionofadulthoodstatusmaychangeinagivensocietyas

socialandeconomicconditionschange.Examplesofthistypeofchangearethe

disappearanceofthefrontierinthelatterpanofthenineteenthcenturyintheUnited

States,andmoreuniversally,theindustrializationofanagriculturalsociety.Inmodem

society,ceremoniesforadolescencehavelosttheirformalrecognitionandsymbolic

significanceandtherenolongerisagreementastowhatconstitutesinitiationceremonies.

Socialoneshavebeenreplacedbyasequenceofstepsthatleadtoincreasedrecognition

andsocialstatus.Forexample,gradeschoolgraduation,highschoolgraduationand

collegegraduationconstiluiesuchasequence,andwhileeachstepimpliescertain

behavioralchangesandsocia：recognition,(hesignificanceofeachdependsonthesocio­

economicstatusandtheeducationalambitionoftheindividual.Ceremoniesfor

adolescencehavealsobeenreplacedbylegaldefinitionsofstatusroles,right,privileges

andresponsibilities.Itisduringthenineyearsfromthetwelfthbirthdaytothetwenty-

firstthattheprotectiveandrestrictiveaspectsofchildhoodandminorstatusareremoved

andadultprivilegesandresponsibilitiesaregranted.Thetwelve-year-oldisnolonger

consideredachildandhastopayfullfarefortrain,airplane,theaterandmovietickets.

Basically,theindividualatthisageloseschildhoodprivilegeswithoutgainingsignificant

adultrights.Attheageofsixteentheadolescentisgrantedcertainadultrightswhich

increasehissocialstatusbyprovidinghimwithmorefreedomandchoices.Henowcan

obtainadriver'slicense;hecanleavepublicschools;andhecanworkwithoutthe

restrictionsofchildlaborlaws.Attheageofeighteenthelawprovidesadult

responsibilitiesaswellasrights:theyoungmancannowbeasoldier,buthealsocan

marrywithoutparentalpermission.Attheageoftwenty-onetheindividualobtainshis

fulllegalrightsasanadult.Henowcanwrite,hecanbuyliquor,hecanenterinto

financialcontracts,andheisentitledtomnforpublicoffice.Noadditionalbasicfights

areacquiredasafunctionofagealtermajoritystatushasbeenattained.Noneofthese

legalprovisionsdetermineatwhatpointadulthoodhasbeenreachedbuttheydopointto

theprolongedperiodofadolescence.

21、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。题目询问哪个选项不是决定青年期长度的因素，可定位至第

一段，采用排除法即可。根据此段，青年期长度取决于两个因素：对成熟和成年的

定义，以及社会政治经济条件的变化，故排除A、B。段末又指出，社会的丁业化

进程恰是其政治经济条件变化的一个表现，故排除C。选项D原文未提及，故为

正确选项。

22、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。第二段第二句话说成人仪式已经被--系列逐渐提高他们社会

地位和社会认可度的步骤所代替，故可知A正确。B偷换概念，是被逐渐提高社

会地位的“步骤”所代替，而不是被逐渐提高的社会地位所代替；c犯了同样的错

误，成年后确实有作为成人的权利和义务，但是这些并不能代替成年仪式；D原文

未提及。

23、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。第二段后半部分说从12岁起，年经人就开始丧失自己作为

儿童的一些权利；16岁开始逐渐拥有作为成人的部分权利，比如可以考驾照、打

工；18岁起可以参军，在没有父母许可的条件下结婚；21岁起拥有成人的全部权

利，如买酒、签订具有法律意义的经济合同等。由此可见，D正确。

24、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。由第二段后半部分可知，21岁起仁轻人就拥有了成年人的

全部权利，可见22岁他不可能再拥有更多的权利，因此只能选C。

25、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推断题。由第二段可知，12岁的人就开始要买全价票，这要早于他

们可以打工而不受儿童保护法制约的年纪一16岁，所以B正确。21岁才会被完

全视为成人，拥有成人的全部权利，排除A；获得驾照的年龄是16岁，而开始失

去儿童特权的年龄是12岁，两者不同，故排除c；可以也没有父母允许的情况卜

结婚的年龄是18岁，而能够签订经济合同的年龄是21岁，所以D也不对。

StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentify(hecircumstancesthatencouraged

(heemergenceoffeministmovements,havethoroughlyinvestigatedthemid-nineteenth­

centuryAmericaneconomicandsocialconditionsthataffectedthestatusofwomen.

Thesehistorians,however,haveanalyzedlessfullythedevelopmentofspecifically

feministideasandactivitiesduringthesameperiod.Furtheiniore,theideologicalorigins

offeminismintheUnitedStateshavebeenobscuredbecause,evenwhenhistoriansdid

takeintoaccountthosefeministideasandactivitiesoccurringwithintheUnitedStates,

theyfailedtorecognizethatfeminismwasthenatrulyinternationalmovementactually

centeredinEurope.Americanfeministactivistswhohavebeendescribedas"solitary”

and"individualtheorists0wereinrealityconnectedtoamovement—utopiansocialism

whichwasalreadypopularizingfeministideasinEuropeduringthetwodecadesthat

culminatedinthefirstwomen'srightsconferenceheldatSenecaFalls,NewYork,in

1848.Thus,acompleteunderstandingoftheoriginsanddevelopmentofnineleenth-

centuryfeminismintheUnitedStatesrequires(hatthegeographicalfocusbewidened(o

includeEuropeandthatthedetailedstudyalreadymadeofsocialconditionsbeexpanded

toincludetheideologicaldevelopmentoffeminism.Theearliestandmostpopularofthe

utopiansocialistsweretheSaint-Simonians.ThespecificallyfeministpartofSaint-

Simonianismhas,however,beenlessstudiedthanthegroup'scontributiontoearly

socialism.Thisisregrettableontwocounts.By1832feminismwasthecentralconcern

ofSaint-Simonianismandentirelyabsorbeditsadherents*energy.Hence,byignoringits

feminism,EuropeanhistorianshavemisunderstoodSaint-Simonianism.Moreover,since

manyfeministideascanbetracedtoSaint-Simonianism,Europeanhistorians'

appreciationoflaterfeminisminFranceandtheUnitedStatesremainedlimited.Saint-

Simon'sfollowers,manyofwhomwerewomen,basedtheirfeminismonan

interpretationofhisprojecttoreorganizetheglobebyreplacingbruteforcewiththerule

ofspiritualpowers.Thenewworldorderwouldberuledtogetherbyamale,torepresent

reflection,andafemale,torepresentsentiment.Thiscomplementarityreflectsthefact

(hat,whiletheSaint-Simoniansdidnotrejectthebeliefthattherewereinnatedifferences

betweenmenandwomen,theyneverthelessforesawanequallyimportantsocialand

politicalroleforbothsexesintheirUtopia.OnlyafewSaint-Simoniansopposeda

definilionofsexualequalitybasedongenderdistinction.Thisminoritybelievedthat

individualsofbothsexeswerebornsimilarincapacityandcharacter,and(heyascribed

male-femaledifferencestosocializationandeducation.Theenvisionedresultofboth

currentsofthought,however,wasthatwomenwouldenterpubliclifeinthenewageand

thatsexualequalitywouldrewardmenaswellaswomenwithanimprovedwayoflife.

26、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。第一段开头说到，美国历史专业的学生仔细研究了19世纪

影响妇女社会地位的经济和社会条件，故A正确。文章接着指出，他们并没有深

入分析这一时期女权主义思想的发展，故排除C；同时，美国女权主义意识形态的

起源也一直很模糊不清，故排除B；他们也没有意识到女权主义实际上是一个以欧

洲为中心的国际运动，故排除D。

27、

标准答案：B

知识点解析；推断题。第一段的后半部分指出，美国的女权主义者一直以来被认为

是独立的理论家，但是实际上他们都和“乌托邦社会主义”这一运动紧密相连，这一

运动使女权主义思想在19世纪三四十年代的欧洲非常流行，并且最终促成了1848

年在纽约SenecaFalls召开的会议。由此可见，该会议是“乌托邦社会.主义”运动的

产物，故选n。该会议是针对整个欧洲的，而并非仅仅美国，故排除A、D；文章

中没有提到会议是否探讨了女权主义意识形态上的发展，只是在第一段段末说要想

研究美国19世纪女权主义的发展就要研究欧洲相应的发展状况，故排除C。

28、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。第二段开头交代了Saint-Simonians是最早的乌托邦社会主

义者，但是对他们女权主义一面的研究没有他们社会主义的…面多，故选A,排除

Bo实际上，1832年Saint-Simonianism主要关心的就是女权主义，欧洲的历史学家

忽略了这一点，所以对Saint-Simonianism的理解有偏差，同时由于很多女权主义

思想都来自Saint-Simonianism,所以这些历史学家对于其后法国和美国女权主义的

研究也受到限制，故排除C；选项D原文未提及。

29、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。第三段提到Saint-Simonians预测中的乌托邦世界是男女平

等、分别扮演不同角色的世界，故D正确，排除A、B、Co

30、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推断题。第三段最后说大部分Saint-Simonians都承认男女的差异是

天生的，但是第四段第一句话又提到有一小部分Saint-Simonians认为这种差异是

社会和教育造成的，由此可以推断Sainl-Simonians的内部对于男女的差异和由此

导致的不平等存在不同意见，所以A正确。B原文未提及，作者只在文末说两性

平等对男人和女人都有好处，但是并没有说对谁的好处更大；C、D则均是一部分

Saini-Simonians的观点，故不正确"

31、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：主旨题。文章围绕Saint-Simonianism展开，指出它是乌托邦社会主

义的一种，同时带有很强fit女权主义色彩，要想研究女权主义，就必须研究它，故

选c。A、B在文章中只是传为例子提及了一下，故排除；而文章主要讲了Saint-

Simonianism,并没有主要论述它和乌托邦社会主义的关系，所以排除D.

WeknowthathewasbaptizedonApril26,1564,sothatsomewherebetweenApril20

andApril23,fourhundredyearsago,wasbomanEnglishmanwhopossessedwhatwas

probablythegreatestbraineverencasedinahumanskull.WilliamShakespeare'swork

hasbeenperformedwithoutinterruptionforsomethreehundredandfiftyyears

everywhereintheworld.Scholarsandstudentsineverylandknowhisnameandstudy

hisworkasnaturallyastheystudytheirholybooks—theGospels,theTorah,theKoran,

andtheothers.ForcenturiesclergymenhavespokenShakespeare'swordsfromtheir

pulpits;lawyershaveusedhissentencesinaddressingjuries;doctors,botanists,

agronomists,bankers,seamen,musicians,and,ofcourse,actors,painters,poets,editors,

andnovelistshaveusedwordsofShakespeareforknowledge,forpleasure,for

experience,forideasandforinspiration.Itishardtoexaggeratethedebtthatmankind

owes.Shakespeare'sgreatnessliesinthefactthatthereisnothingwithintherangeof

humanthoughtthathedidnottouch.Somewhereinhiswritings,youwillfindafun;

lengthportraitofyourself,ofyourfather,ofyourmother,andindeedofeveryoneof

yourdescendantsyetunborn.ThemostsingularfactconnectedwithWilliam

Shakespeareisthatthereisnodirectmentioninhisworksofanyofhiscontemporaries.

Itwasasthoughheknewhewaswritingfortheaudiencesof1964aswellasforthe

audiencesofeachofthosethreehundredandfiftyyearssincehisplayswereproduced.

OnhiswaytotheGlobeTheaterhecouldseethehighmastsoftheGoldenHindinwhich

SirFrancisDrakehadcircumnavigatedtheglobe.Helivedinthetimeofthedestruction

oftheSpanishArmada,theerainwhichElizabethIopenedthedoortoBritain'sageof

Gloriana,andhemusthaveheardofChristendom'sgreatvictoryatLepantoagainstthe

TurkswhichforeverinsuredthatEuropewouldbeChristian.Shakespeare'serawasas

momentousasourown.Galileowashornin1564,thesameyearinwhichShakespeare

wasborn,andonlyafewyearsbeforeJohnCalvinlaidthefoundationforagreatnew

fellowshipinChristianity.AndyetShakespeareinthemidstofthesegreatevents,only

seventyyearsafterthediscoveryofAmerica,didnotmentionanexplorerorageneralor

amonarchoraphilosopher.ThemagicofShakespeareisthat,likeSocrates,hewas

lookingfortheethicalquestions,notfbranswers.Thatiswhythereareasmany

biographiesofapurelyinventedmanHamlet,asthereareofNapoleon,Abraham

Lincoln,orFranklinD.Roosevelt.Wearenotsureofmanythingsinthislifeexceptthat

thepasthasitsusesandweknowfromthehistoryofhumanexperiencethatcertain

valueswillendureaslongasthereisbreathoflifeonhisplanet.Amongthemarethe

ethicsoftheHebrewswhowrotetheDecalogue,thePsalms,andtheGospelsoftheHoly

Bible,andthemarbleoftheGreeks,thelawsofRomans,andtheworksofWilliam

Shakespeare.Thereareothervalueswhichmaylastthroughalltheagesofman一

Britain'sMagnaCarta,France'sRightsofMan.andAmerica'sConstitution.Wehopeso,

butwearcnotyetsure.WearesureofShakespeare.BenJohnsonwasaharshcriticof

Shakespeareduringhislifetime.Theywerecontemporariesandcompetitors.Johnson,a

greatdramatist,didnotlikeitwhenhisplayCatalinehadashortrunandwasreplacedby

Shakespeare'sJuliusCaesar,whichhadalongrun.YetwhenShakespearedied,Johnson

wasmovedtoaeulogywhichhecalled"WillShakespeare":TriumphmyBritain.Thou

hasonetoshow.TowhomallscenesofEuropeHomageowe.Hewasnotofanage,but

foralltime.

32、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。第三段中提到了几百年来其作品受到各种不同职业的人的欢

迎，因此选c。但并不是说只有这些职业的人喜欢他的作品(A),或者由于他的作

品严肃，所以法庭上都可以用(B)；至于他的作品在莎翁活着的时候受欢迎程度是

否和今H相当；选项(D)原文未提及。

33、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章第五段说，莎翁的作品从来没有直接描写与他同时代的

人，他不只是写给他那个时期的观众看，还给三百五十年后的今天的观众看，由此

可知，莎翁的作品中找不到他同时代的人，正确答案为A。第四段末说你可能会在

他的作品中发现自己、亲人甚至未出生的后代的影子，故排除c、D,而这些人都

无疑是普通人，故排除B。

34、

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义题。第六段后半部分提到了与莎翁同时代的人有伽利略、约翰卡

尔文等伟人，莎翁处在一些伟大事件(greatevents)频发的时期，可见文中说莎翁的

时代和我们的时代一样moinenlous,就是说一样伟大，故选D。

35、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推断题。第八段中作者说有些东西是能够长久流传的，比如theHoly

Bible(圣经)和thelawsofRoma(罗马法)还有莎士比亚的作品等等。还有一些东西也

许能够长久流传，比如MagnaCarta(英国宪章)，但并不能确定。可见作者将莎翁

的作品摆在了一个和《圣经》和罗马法同样的高度，故选C。

36、

标准答案：B

知识点解析：主旨题。作者从头至尾都在评价莎翁作品的伟大之处，所以B正

确。文章并没有对莎士比亚的生平进行介绍(A),赏析莎翁的作品(C),或者讨论其

写作风格(D)。

Manythingsmakepeoplethinkartistsareweird—theoddhours,thenonconformity,the

clovecigarettes.Buttheweirdestmaybethis:artists'onlyjobistoexploreemotions,and

yettheychoosetofocusontheonesthatfeellousy.Arttodaycangiveyouanomie,no

problem.Bittcrswcctncss?Yougotit.Tristcssc?Whatsizeycuwantthatin?Butgreat

art,asdefinedbythoseinthegreat-art-definingbusiness,isalmostneveraboutsimple,

uniionichappiness.Thiswasn'talwaysso.Theearliestformsofan,likepaintingand

music,arethosebestsuitedforexpressingjoy.Butsomewhereinthe19thcentury,more

artistsbeganseeinghappinessasinsipid,phonyor,worstofall,boring—inTolstoy's

words,"Allhappyfamiliesarealike."WcwentfromWordsworth'sdaffodilsto

Baudelaire'sflowersofevil.Inthe20thcentury,classicalmusicbecamemoreatonal,

visualartmoreunsettling.Artistswhofocusedonmakingtheiraudiencesfeelgood,from

UshertoThomasKinkade,werelabeled"pop".Sure,therehavebeenexceptions(say,

Matisse'sTheDance),butitwouldnotbeastretchtosay(hatforthepastcenturyorso,

seriousarthasbeenalwarwithhappiness.In1824,Beethovencompletedthe"Odeto

Joy".In1962,novelistAnthonyBurgessuseditinAClockworkOrangeas(hefavorile

pieceofhisultra-violentantihero.IfsomeonetitlesanartmovieHappiness,itisagood

betthatitwillbeasthe1998ToddSolondzfilmwasaboutdeeplyunhappypeople,

includingatelephonepervertandapedophile.Youcouldarguethatartbecamemore

skepticalofhappinessbecausemodemtimeshaveseensuchmisery.Butit'snotasif

earliertimesdidn'tknowperpetualwar,disasterandthemassacreofinnocents.The

reason,infact,maybejusttheopposite:thereistoomuchhappinessintheworldtoday.

Afterall,whatistheonemodemformofexpressionalmostcompletelydedicatedto

depictinghappiness?Advertising.Theriseofanti-happyartalmostexactlytracksthe

emergenceofmassmedia,andwithit,acommercialcultureinwhichhappinessisnot

justanidealbutanideology.Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersof

misery.Theyworkedgruelingly,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,

beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthe

church,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereinperilandthattheywould

somedaybemeatforworms.On(opofallthis,theydidnotexactlyneed(heirart(obea

bummertoo.TodaythemessagesyouraverageWesternerisbombardedwitharenot

religiousbutcommerciakandrelentlessly'happy.Fast-foodeaters,newsanchors,text

messengers,areallsmiling,smiling,smiling,exceptforthatguywhokeepslosingloans

toDitech.Ourmagazinesfeaturebeamingcelebritiesandhappyfamiliesinperfect

homes.(Tolstoyclearlynevereditedasheltermag.)Andsincethesemessageshavean

agenda—topryourwalletsfromourpockets-theymaketheveryideaofhappiness

seembogus."Celebrate!"commandedtheadsforthearthritisdrugCelebrex,beforewe

foundoutitcouldincreasetheriskofheartattacks.Itgetsexhausting,thisconstantroad

tojoy.Ifyou'renotsmiling—afterwemadeallthosewonderfulpillsandcall-phone

plans—what'swrongwithyou7Nottosmileisun-Anicricar.Youcanpickoutthe

Americansinacrowdoftouristsbytheirreflexivegrins.TheU.S.enshrinedinits

foundingdocumenttherighttothepursuitofhappiness.Sowepursueditand—atleast

ascommercedefinesit—wecaughtit.Now,likethedog(hatchasedandfinallycaught

(hecar,wedon'tknowwhatthehelltodowithit.Wefeelvaguelydissatisfiedthoughwe

havewhatweshouldwant,vaguelyguiltyforwantingit,vaguelyangrybecauseitdidn't

comeasadvertised.Peopletsk-tskedoverlastmonth'sstudyinwhichwomenreported

beinghappierwatchingTVthanplayingwiththeirkids.Butwhyshouldn'tthey?Thisis

howthemarketdefineshappiness.Happinessisfeelinggood.Kids,thosewhoexist

outsideads,makeyoufeelbad—exhausted,frustrated,boredandpoor.Thentheymove

awayandbreakyourheart.Whatweforget—whatoureconomydependsonus

forgetting—isthathappinessismorethanpleasuresanspain.Thethingsthatbringthe

greatestjoycarrythegreatestpotentialforlossanddisappointment.4oday,surrounded

bypromisesofeasyhappiness,weneedsomeonetotellus(hatitisOKno(behappy,

thatsadnessmakeshappinessdeeper,Asthewine-connoisseurmovieSidewaystellsus,

itisthekissofdecayandmortalitythatmakesgrapejuiceintoPinotNoir.Wcneedartto

tellus:rememberthatyouwilldie,thateverythingends,andthathappinesscomesnotin

denyingthisbutinlivingwithit.It'samessageevenmorebitterthanaclovecigarette,

yet,somehow,abreathoffreshair.

37、

标准答案：D

知识/解析：细节题。第一段第二句指出，艺术家的工作就是探讨各种情感，但却

选择把焦点放在感觉糟糕佐人身上。第一段段末又说，伟人的艺术从来不描写单纯

而不带讥讽的快乐，故选D。

38、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语义题。第二段的开头说最早的艺术形式是适于表达快乐的。但到了

19世纪的某个时候，越来越多的艺术家开始把快乐看作是乏味的、虚假的，或是

糟糕的，使人厌倦。于是艺术从华兹华斯的黄水仙花走到了波德莱尔的恶之花。由

此推断，作者用“华兹华斯f勺黄水仙花''指代最早的那段表达快乐的艺术形式，故选

Co

39、

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推断题。最后一段中作者指出，幸福不是没有痛苦的快乐。带来最大

快乐的东西也最可能带来损失和失望。我们需要意识到不幸福也没有什么，忧愁能

使幸福更深刻，故A正确。

40、

标准答案：C

知识点解析：态度题。作者一直在探讨为什么现代艺术都着眼于表达痛苦的感情，

但是至于这种表达方式好还是不好，作者并未进行任何评价，故C正确。

五、常识(本题共70题，每题分，共10分。)

41、WhichofthefollowingisNOTapartofGreatBritain?

A^England.

B、Scotland.

C、Ireland.

D、Wales.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、IhecapitalofNewZealandis.

A^Auckland

B、Canberra

C、Melbourne

D、Wellington

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、ThefirstwriterinAmericatowintheNobelPrizeinliteratureis.

A^MarkTwain

B、JackLondon

C、SinclairLewis

D、ErnestHemingway

标准答案：c''

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、WhichofthefollowingisaBritishnewsandcablenetwork?

A、ABC

B、CNN.

C、CBS.

D、BBC

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、WaltWhitmanwasapioneeringfigureofAmericanpoetry.Hisinnovation,firstof

all,liesinhisuseof,poetrywithoutafixedregularrhymescheme.

A、blankverse

B、freeverse

C、heroiccouplet

D、iambicpentameter

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

46wascalled(hefatherofEnglishpoetry.

A、GcoffcryChaucer

B、WilliamShakespeare

C、JohnMilton

D、JohnDonne

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、TheThanksgivingDayison.

A、Feb.l4th

B、Oct.31st

C、thelastThursdayinNov.

D、thefirstSundayinMay

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

48、Thestudyoftherulesgoverningthewayswordsarccombinedtoformsentencesis

A、morphology

B、phonology

C、syntax

D^semantics

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

49、WhichofthefollowingisNOTafreemorpheme?

A、Bed.

B、Tree.

C、Dance.

D、Children.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

5。、Inthenotionofmeaninginclusion,violetisflower's.

A、hyponym

B、superordinate

C、polysemy

D、homonymy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

六、改错（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70分。）

Thewaysofhistoryarcsointricateandthemotivationsofhumanactionssocomplexthat

itisalwayshazardoustoattempttorepresenteventscover[Ml]anumberof

years,amultiplicityofpersons,anddistantlocalitiesastheexpressionofoneintellectual

andsocialmovement;yetthehistoricalprocess[M2]whichculminatesin（he

ascentofThomasJeffersontothepresidency[M3]canberegardedasthe

outstandingexamplenotonlyofthebirthofanewwayoflifebutnationalismasanew

wayoflife.TheAmericanRevolution[M4]representsthelinkbetweenthe

seventeenthcentury,inwhichmodemEnglandbecameconsciousofitself,andthe

awakeningofmodemEuropeinthe[M5]endoftheeighteenthcentury.Itmay

seemstrange(hatthemarchcfhistoryshouldhavetocrosstheAdamicOcean,butonly

intheNorthAmerican[M6]coloniesastruggleforciviclibertyleadalsoto

thefoundationofanew'[M7]nation.Here,inthepopularrisingfora

"tyrannical"government,thefruits[M8]weremorethan(hesecuringofafree

constitution.Theyincludedthegrowth[M9]ofanationborninlibertybythe

willofthepeople,notfrom(herootsofcommondement,ageographicentity,or(he

ambitionsofkingordynasty.WiththeAmericannation,inthefirsttime,anationwas

horn,notinthe[MIO]dimpastofhistorybutbeforetheeyesofthewhole

world.

51、[Ml]

标准答案：cover改成covering

知识点解析：词法错误,句子结构混乱。如果使用动词原形cover,则that引导的

结果状语从句内部在没有任何连词的情况下出现两个谓语动词is和covet（toattempt

和torepresent是非谓语动词），引起句子结构混乱，此处，应使用相应的非谓语动

词形式，由于cover和它的逻辑主语events是主动关系，所以使用其现在分词形式

covering。

52、[M2]

标准答案：and改成or

知识点解析：逻辑错误。此处inteHecuial和social之间是选择关系，而非并列关

系，否则前面就不会使用。ne了，所以用。r。

53、[M3]

标准答案：culminates改成；:ulminaied

知识点解析:句法错误，时态问题。这里讲的是ThomasJefferson的时代,应该使

用一般过去时。

54、[M4]

标准答案：在nationalism前增加of

知识点解析：句法错误，并列句不对称。notonly...butalso...并列的两个成分应该

是对等的。notonly后是ofthebirthofanewwayoflife,那么butalso后就应该是

ofnationalismasanewwayoflife。

55、[M5]

标准答案：in改成at

知识点解析：词法错误,固定搭配。at（heendof,意为“在…末”,没有点iheend

of这种说法。

56、[M6]

标准答案：在to前增加had

知识点解析：句法错误，时态问题。句子的主语是themarchofhistory，指过去的

事情，那么谓语部分应该使用“should+现在完成时”的形式，表示应该做却没有做

的事情。此处句意为“奇怪的是，历史征程应该早就越过大西洋，但是只有在北美

的殖民地民族解放运动才最终导致了新国家的建立“。

57、［M7］

标准答案：在colonies后增加could或者did

知识点解析：句法错误，倒装句问题。句首为0nly开头的介词短语作状语，那么

句子应该部分倒装，就是在主语之前加上助动词，而实义动词的原形依然放在主语

之后。

58、［M8］

标准答案：for改成against

知识点解析：逻辑错误，逻辑反义词。此处指“反对残暴的政府”，而非支持，所以

应该使用介词against。

59、［M9］

标准答案：free改成freer

知识点解析：逻辑错误。根据上下文，constitution（宪法，国体）在反抗中有可能变

得自由一些，而绝对不可能是“自由”，因为只要是国家，就必然不会出现所谓的

freeconstitution此处应该使用freec显然