河南湘豫联盟2025-2026学年下学期4月高三阶段检测英语试题（期中）（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南湘豫联盟2025-2026学年下学期4月高三阶段检测英语试题（期中）第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANeighborhoodCleanupPartyWHAT’SHAPPENINGSelectyourkitsize1.Tomakeiteasiertosubmityourrequest,wenowhave2sizesofcleanupkitstochoosefrom.2.Choosethesizeofkitthatmatchesyourgroupsizeanditwillincludeallofthebags,gloves,andlitterpickersyouwillneed.TakingpartinaNeighborhoodCleanupPartyiseasy!Whenyouhostacleanup,weprovideyouwiththetoolsyouneedtogetthepartystartedincludinggarbagebags,gloves,pickers,andfreegarbageremoval.AllvolunteersmustfollowsafetyrulesoutlinedinourvolunteercleanupsafetychecklistPDFfile(668KB).CleanuphostswillberequiredtofollowadditionalinstructionsoutlinedinourhostinstructionsPDFfile(45KB).Hostingin5easysteps1.PickadateandlocationwithinVancouverforyourcleanup2.Completetheapplicationformatleast7daysinadvanceofyourcleanupandincludeanyequipmentandgarbagepickuprequests3.Conductyourcleanup4.Sanitize(消毒),clean,andreturnanyborrowedequipment5.Submityourpost-cleanupreportBytakingpartinaNeighborhoodCleanupParty,youwill:•Createasenseofcommunityandpurposeforfriends,family,andcolleaguesinyourneighborhood·Reducepollutioninstormwaterrunoffthatimpactsourwaterways·Helpneighborhoodsfeelenergeticandsafe1.What’sthechoiceofkitsbasedon?A.Thetypeofthetools. B.Thelocationoftheneighborhood.C.Thenumberofvolunteers. D.Thehost’seconomiccircumstances.2.Whatmustyoudotoorganizeacleanupparty?A.Followthehostinstructions. B.Downloadasafetychecklist.C.Developthesafetymeasures. D.Callupyourfamilyandfriends.3.Howcanyouconcludethecleanuppartyasthehost?A.Byfillinginanapplicationformonline.B.Bysubmittingareportafterthecleanup.C.Byholdingacelebrationpartyintheneighborhood.D.BycleaningupthepollutedwaterwaysinVancouver.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在温哥华举办“社区清理派对”的流程、工具选择、安全要求及活动意义。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Selectyourkitsize”部分中“Choosethesizeofkitthatmatchesyourgroupsizeanditwillincludeallofthebags,gloves,andlitterpickersyouwillneed.(选择与你的团队规模匹配的工具包尺寸，里面会包含你所需要的所有垃圾袋、手套和垃圾夹。)”可知，工具包的选择是基于志愿者的人数。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“CleanuphostswillberequiredtofollowadditionalinstructionsoutlinedinourhostinstructionsPDFfile(45KB).(清理活动主办者需要遵循我们的主办者说明PDF(45KB)文件中列出的额外说明。)”可知，组织清理派对必须遵循主办者说明。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“Hostingin5easysteps”部分中第5步“Submityourpost-cleanupreport(提交清理后的报告)”可知，作为主办者，结束清理派对的方式是提交一份事后报告。故选B。BNiagaraFallsStateParkwasfilledwithcelebrationandmistymagicthisweekasa105-year-oldwomancheckedamajoritemoffherlistofdreams.Bornin1920,EmilyBulahaslivedthroughmonumentalmomentsinhistoryandcreatedalifefilledwith“love,laughter,polkadancing,andincrediblestories”,accordingtoaFacebookpostfromNiagaraFallsStatePark.However,therewasstilloneadventureshehadn’texperienced.ThatadventurewasgettingupclosetotheroaringNiagaraFallsaboardthelegendaryMaidoftheMist.ThatdreambecamearealitythankstotheteamworkofHarrisHillNursingFacilityandthestaffoftheMaidoftheMist.OnthemorningofJuly24th,Emilyboardedthetourboatsurroundedbyfamily,nursinghomestaff,andsupporters.“EmilyBula…fulfilledherlife-longdreamofridingthelegendaryMaidoftheMist!”thepark’spostreads.“WithhelpfromtheamazingteamatHarrisHillNursingFacilityandtheMaidoftheMist,Emilyboardedtheall-electricboatthismorningsurroundedbylovedones,staff,andsupporters—provingit’snevertoolatetochaseadream.”AstheboatedgedclosertothebaseofHorseshoeFalls,Emilyexperiencedthepowerfulspray(浪花)firsthand.ThemomentwasnotjustemotionalforEmilyandherfamily,butalsoforeveryonewatching.Forthoseunfamiliar,theMaidoftheMistisamust-doboattouroperatingoutofNiagaraFallsStateParksince1846.Thetouroffersvisitorsathrillingexperienceasittakesthemrightintothebasinofthefalls.AsforEmily,she’snowpartofanelite(精英)group.ShejoinstheranksofAmerica’soldestcitizens.AccordingtotheGerontologyResearchGroup,theoldestlivingpersonintheUnitedStatesiscurrentlyover115yearsold.EmilyBulamaynotholdtherecordjustyet,butwithherspiritandenergy,she’scertainlyoneofthemostinspiring.Happy105thbirthday,Emily!4.WhatwasonEmily’slistoflife-longdreams?A.TogetclosetothebaseofHorseshoeFalls.B.TotourtheworldontheMaidoftheMist.C.TovisitNiagaraFallsontheMaidoftheMist.D.TogetaboardtheMaidoftheMistwithherfamily.5.HowdidEmilyfeelwhenapproachingtheHorseshoeFalls?A.Excited. B.Horrified. C.Surprised. D.Disappointed.6.WhatcanwelearnabouttheMaidoftheMist?A.Itisabrandnew,all-electricboat.B.Ittakesvisitorsdirectlytothetopofthefalls.C.Itisspecificallydesignedforseniorcitizens.D.Ithasbeenoperatingsincethemid-19thcentury.7.WhydoestheauthormentiontherecordoftheGerontologyResearchGroup?A.ToidentifyEmily’srealage.B.TointroduceAmerica’selitegroup.C.TohighlightEmily’sachievements.D.ToshowtheaverageageofAmericans.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位百岁老人在众人帮助下实现毕生梦想的暖心故事。【4题详析】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“However,therewasstilloneadventureshehadn’texperienced.ThatadventurewasgettingupclosetotheroaringNiagaraFallsaboardthelegendaryMaidoftheMist.(然而，有一项冒险她还没有经历过。那场冒险就是乘坐传说中的“雾中少女号”近距离观赏气势磅礴的尼亚加拉大瀑布)”可知，Emily毕生的梦想是乘坐“雾中少女号”游览尼亚加拉大瀑布。故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“AstheboatedgedclosertothebaseofHorseshoeFalls,Emilyexperiencedthepowerfulsprayfirsthand.ThemomentwasnotjustemotionalforEmilyandherfamily,butalsoforeveryonewatching.(当船慢慢靠近马蹄瀑布底部时，Emily亲身感受到了强劲的水花。这一刻不仅对Emily和她的家人来说是激动人心的，对所有观看的人来说也是如此。)”可知，Emily靠近马蹄瀑布时心情是兴奋激动的。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Forthoseunfamiliar,theMaidoftheMistisamust-doboattouroperatingoutofNiagaraFallsStateParksince1846.(对于那些不熟悉的人来说，“雾中少女号”是一项从1846年开始就在尼亚加拉瀑布州立公园运营的必体验游船项目。)”可知，该游船从19世纪中期开始运营。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中“AccordingtotheGerontologyResearchGroup,theoldestlivingpersonintheUnitedStatesiscurrentlyover115yearsold.EmilyBulamaynotholdtherecordjustyet,butwithherspiritandenergy,she’scertainlyoneofthemostinspiring.(据老年学研究小组称，美国目前最长寿的人已超过115岁。EmilyBula可能还没有创下纪录，但以她的精神和活力，她无疑是最鼓舞人心的人之一。)”可知，作者提及老年学研究小组的记录是为了突出Emily的成就——以105岁高龄实现梦想的精神令人敬佩。故选C。CEatingalotofredandprocessedmeatshasbeenlinkedtoahigherriskofcertaincancers,likestomachcancer,mainlybecauseharmfulchemicalscanformwhenthesemeatsarecookedathightemperaturesorheavilyprocessed.Thesechemicals,calledmutagens,aren’tfoundinrawmeatbutarecreatedduringgrilling,frying,orsmoking.Accordingtolargestudygroupanalysisandsystematicreviews,cancerrisk,particularlycolorectalcancer,beginstoincreasewhenredmeatintakeexceedsabout350-500gramsofcookedweightperweek.That’sroughlythreetofourservingsperweek.Beyondthis,theriskrisesinadose-dependentway.Forexample,ananalysisfoundthatforeveryadditional100gramsofredmeatperday,colorectalcancerriskincreasedbyabout12%-17%.Forprocessedmeat,theevidenceisevenstrongerandmoreconsistent.Processedmeats—likebacon,sausages,ham,andcuredmeats—wereclassifiedbytheWorldCancerResearchFundasGroup1carcinogens,meaningthereissufficientevidencethattheycausecancerinhumans.Lab-grownmeatisproducedfromanimalcellsandisnotthesameassalt-curedprocessedmeat.There’snolong-termhumandatayet,soanyriskwoulddependonhowit’smadeandcooked,withlowerexposureexpectedifnoheavyprocessingisappliedandhigh-temperatureroastingisminimised.Lab-grownmeatisindeedmadebyquicklygrowinganimalcellsinacontrolledenvironment,butnotbyusingcancercells.Thecellsusedarenormalanimalstemcells,whicharegrownanddifferentiatedintomuscleandfatcells,beingcarefullymonitoredtoensuretheygrowsafelyanddonotbecomeabnormalorcancerous.Somepeopleworryaboutsafetybecausethecellsmultiplyquickly,butthisiscompletelynatural;it’sthesamewaystemcellsgrowandrepairtissueinanimals.Theprocessiscloselymonitoredtoensurethecellsremainhealthyandnormal.Infact,lab-grownmeatavoidssomeofthehealthriskslinkedtotraditionalmeat,suchasbacteriafromslaughterhousesandharmfulchemicalsfromprocessing.8.Whatcanweinferabout“mutagens”fromparagraph1?A.They’resubstancesleadingtocancer.B.Theyexistonlyatlowertemperatures.C.Theycommonlyexistinrawmeats.D.They’resubstancesoftenusedincooking.9.Howmuchcookedredmeatintakeisconsideredsafegenerally?A.100gramsorbelowdaily. B.Below50-70gramsdaily.C.550gramsorbelowweekly. D.Between150-170gramsdaily.10.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphaimtoindicate?A.Thesafetyoflab-grownmeat.B.Theproperwayofcookingmeat.C.Thesignificanceofstemcells.D.Thepotentialofkillingcancercells.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HowIsLab-GrownMeatMade?B.WhyRedMeatMayCauseCancer?C.RedMeat&Lab-GrownMeat:WhattoKnowD.ReducingRisk:RedMeat&ProcessedMeat【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了红肉和加工肉类的致癌风险及人造肉的安全性相关信息。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thesechemicals,calledmutagens,aren’tfoundinrawmeatbutarecreatedduringgrilling,frying,orsmoking.(这些被称为诱变剂的化学物质在生肉中不存在，而是在烧烤、油炸或熏制过程中产生的。)”以及前文“Eatingalotofredandprocessedmeatshasbeenlinkedtoahigherriskofcertaincancers,likestomachcancer,mainlybecauseharmfulchemicalscanformwhenthesemeatsarecookedathightemperaturesorheavilyprocessed.(大量食用红肉和加工肉类与某些癌症（如胃癌）的高风险有关，主要是因为当这些肉类在高温下烹饪或大量加工时，会形成有害化学物质。)”可知，诱变剂是在烹饪过程中产生的有害化学物质，与某些癌症的高风险有关，因此可以推断出它们是致癌物质。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Accordingtolargestudygroupanalysisandsystematicreviews,cancerrisk,particularlycolorectalcancer,beginstoincreasewhenredmeatintakeexceedsabout350-500gramsofcookedweightperweek.That’sroughlythreetofourservingsperweek.Beyondthis,theriskrisesinadose-dependentway.(大型研究团队分析与系统综述显示，当每周熟红肉摄入量超过约350–500克时，患癌风险（尤其是结直肠癌）便开始上升，这大约相当于每周三到四份的食用量。超过这一范围后，患病风险会随摄入量增加而相应升高。)”可知，每周熟红肉摄入量在350–500通常被认为相对安全，所以每日低于50–70克是安全的。故选B。【10题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Lab-grownmeatisproducedfromanimalcellsandisnotthesameassalt-curedprocessedmeat.There’snolong-termhumandatayet,soanyriskwoulddependonhowit’smadeandcooked,withlowerexposureexpectedifnoheavyprocessingisappliedandhigh-temperatureroastingisminimised.Lab-grownmeatisindeedmadebyquicklygrowinganimalcellsinacontrolledenvironment,butnotbyusingcancercells.Thecellsusedarenormalanimalstemcells,whicharegrownanddifferentiatedintomuscleandfatcells,beingcarefullymonitoredtoensuretheygrowsafelyanddonotbecomeabnormalorcancerous.(人造肉是由动物细胞制成的，与盐腌加工肉不同。目前还没有长期的人类数据，因此任何风险都取决于它的制作和烹饪方式，如果不进行大量加工并尽量减少高温烘烤，则预期暴露量较低。人造肉确实是在受控环境中通过快速培养动物细胞制成的，但不是使用癌细胞。使用的细胞是正常的动物干细胞，它们被培养并分化为肌肉和脂肪细胞，同时被仔细监测以确保它们安全生长，不会变得异常或癌变。)”可知，本段主要介绍了人造肉的制作过程、安全性以及与传统肉类的区别，旨在说明人造肉的安全性。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章首先介绍了红肉和加工肉类的致癌风险，然后讨论了人造肉的安全性及其与传统肉类的区别。因此，一个合适的标题应该是能够概括这两个主题的。选项C“RedMeat&Lab-GrownMeat:WhattoKnow(红肉和人造肉：需要了解什么)”最符合这一要求。故选C。DAhumanoidrobot’sabilitytointeracteffectivelyreliesonitscapacitytorecognize,imitate(模仿),andrespondtohumansocialsignals.Forinstance,astudyfoundthathumanoidrobotscanenhanceteamworkbydisplayingahappyfaceandmakingappropriategazeshiftstowardhumans,comparedtodisplayingasadfaceandmakinginappropriategazeshifts,whichleadstoimprovedperformanceincollaborativetasks.Similarly,whenhumanoidrobotsimitatefacialexpressions,theyfosterstrongersocialbondingbetweenhumansandrobots.Additionally,researchshowsthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowarobot’sguidancewhenitspeaksinanaturalhumanvoiceratherthanamechanicalone.Researchonrobotpersonalityfeatureshasfoundthatpeopleperformbetterincollaborativetaskswhentherobot’spersonalityalignswiththeirown.Inamemorygame,peoplemadefewererrorswheninteractingwitharobotthatmirroredtheirpersonalityfeaturesandrespondedmorepositivelytorobotsthatmatchedtheirsocialstyle.However,whenpairedwithanotherhumancollaboratorinthesamegame,peopleperformedbetterwhentheirpersonalitieswereoppositeratherthansimilar.Thisdifferenceisattributedtothewayhumansperceivepersonalitydifferencesbetweeneachother,whichtendstocreatemoreengaginginteractions,leadingtobetterperformance.Incontrast,wheninteractingwitharobot,peopleinterpretitasahigh-techdeviceandpreferrobotsthatbehavesimilarlytothemselves,asthisisseenassaferandeasiertocontrol,allowingthemtofocusmoreonthetask.Beyonddailyassistance,robotscouldplayatransformativeroleineducationandmentalwell-being.Forexample,robotscandetectwhenalearnerisstrugglingandadjusttheirinstructionalstyleaccordingly.Inwell-beingapplications,socialrobotshavebeenshowntoreduceanxietybyofferingcompanionshipandemotionalsupport,particularlyinvulnerablepopulationssuchaschildrenandtheelderly.Additionally,humanoidrobotshavedemonstratedeffectivenessasteachingassistantsforautistic(自闭的)children,helpingthemdevelopsocialinteractionskills.Asrobotictechnologyevolves,wemayseerobotsnotonlyasassistantsbutasempatheticpartnersineducation,therapy,andsocialcare.12.Whatkindofrobotexpressionscanimproveteamwork?A.Acalmfaceandnogazeshifts.B.Asadfaceandimpropergazeshifts.C.Anemotionlessfaceanddirectgazes.D.Ajoyfulfaceandappropriategazeshifts.13.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“alignswith”inparagraph2?A.Countson. B.Compareswith.C.Departsfrom. D.Correspondsto.14.Whatactuallyhappenedinthehuman-robotgametasks?A.Peopletendedtoviewrobotsassocialequals.B.Robotsfailedtomakegenuineemotionalresponses.C.Controlandpredictabilityenhancedhumantaskfocus.D.Similarpersonalitiessuccessfullypreventedcommunicationerrors.15.What’sanadvantageofrobotsineducationaccordingtothetext?A.Long-termfullengagement. B.Suitableeducationalstrategies.C.Detectingrisksinadvance. D.Providingtranslationtools.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了类人机器人在社交互动、教育及心理健康领域的应用与优势。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forinstance,astudyfoundthathumanoidrobotscanenhanceteamworkbydisplayingahappyfaceandmakingappropriategazeshiftstowardhumans,comparedtodisplayingasadfaceandmakinginappropriategazeshifts,whichleadstoimprovedperformanceincollaborativetasks.(例如，一项研究发现，与表现出悲伤的表情和做出不适当的目光转移相比，类人机器人通过表现出快乐的面孔和做出适当的目光转移可以增强团队合作，从而提高协作任务的绩效。)”可知，表现出快乐的面孔和做出适当的目光转移可以增强团队合作。故选D。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Researchonrobotpersonalityfeatureshasfoundthatpeopleperformbetterincollaborativetaskswhentherobot’spersonality

alignswith

theirown.Inamemorygame,peoplemadefewererrorswheninteractingwitharobotthatmirroredtheirpersonalityfeaturesandrespondedmorepositivelytorobotsthatmatchedtheirsocialstyle.(针对机器人性格特征的研究发现，当机器人的性格alignswith人类自身性格，人们在协作任务中的表现会更好。在一项记忆游戏中，人们与性格特征与自己相似的机器人互动时，出错次数更少，并且对社交风格与自己匹配的机器人反应更积极。)”可知，研究发现，当机器人的个性与人类自身个性一致时，人们在协作任务中表现更好。故alignswith意思是“与……一致”。A.Countson依靠；B.Compareswith与……比较；C.Departsfrom离开；D.Correspondsto与……一致。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Incontrast,wheninteractingwitharobot,peopleinterpretitasahigh-techdeviceandpreferrobotsthatbehavesimilarlytothemselves,asthisisseenassaferandeasiertocontrol,allowingthemtofocusmoreonthetask.(相比之下，当与机器人互动时，人们将其解释为一种高科技设备，并更喜欢与自己行为相似的机器人，因为这被认为更安全、更容易控制，使他们能够更专注于任务。)”可知，在人类与机器人的游戏任务中，控制和可预测性增强了人类对任务的专注度。故选C。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Forexample,robotscandetectwhenalearnerisstrugglingandadjusttheirinstructionalstyleaccordingly.(例如，机器人可以检测到学习者何时遇到困难，并相应地调整他们的教学风格。)”可知，机器人在教育方面的优势是能够根据学习者的需求调整教学策略，即合适的教育策略。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Theviolin’srootscanbetracedbacktoRenaissanceItalyinthe1500s,whereitemergedfromearlierstringinstrumentsliketherebecandthevioladagamba.Theseinstruments,whilesimple,laidthefoundationfortheviolin’seventualform.____16____.Duringthistime,someoftheworld’smostrenownedviolinmakers—AntonioStradivari,GiuseppeGuarneri,andNicolòAmati—perfectedtheiriconicviolindesigns.Theirviolinsarestillcelebratedtodayfortheirunmatchedcraftsmanshipandlegendarysounds.____17____.AntonioStradivari,inparticular,isoftenregardedasthepeakofviolinmaking.Hisinstruments,knownasStradivariusviolins,aremuchprizedpossessionsofmusicians.____18____.Theseviolinsarenotonlymasterpiecesofartbutalsoproduceasoundthat’srich,warm,andfulloflife—asoundthatstillcapturestheimaginationofmusiciansandmusiclovers.Astheviolinitselfevolved,sotoodidthewayitwasplayed.Inthelate1700s,Frenchbow(琴弓)makerFrançoisTourteintroducedthemodernbow,whichallowedvioliniststoplaywithgreaterexpressionandprecision.____19____,openingthedoortonewtechniquesandsounds.The19thcenturysawtheriseofskilledviolinistslikeNiccolòPaganini,whobecameahouseholdnameforhisextraordinaryskill.Paganini’sabilitytoperformfeatsoftechnicalbrillianceinspiredviolinistsaroundtheworldtopushthelimitsofwhatwaspossibleontheviolin.Hisinfluencecontinuestomotivatemusicianstoday.Intoday’sworld,theviolinisasrelevantasever.Itgracesconcerthalls,orchestras,andsoloperformancesaroundtheglobe.____20____.Whetheryou’reabeginneroraseasonedplayer,theviolinoffersawaytoexpressyourself,connectwithothers,andexperiencethejoyofmusic.A.TheviolinismorethanjustaninstrumentB.Thiswasagame-changerforviolinplayingC.ItlivesinthehandsofeverydaypeopleaswellD.ItcontinuedtoholdaspecialplaceintheworldofmusicE.The17thand18thcenturieswereagoldenagefortheviolinF.ManymodernviolinmakersstillcopytheirmodelstothisdayG.Theyhavebeenplayedbysomeofthegreatestviolinistsinhistory【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.B20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了小提琴的起源、发展历程及其在音乐史上的重要地位和影响。【16题详析】由上文“Theviolin’srootscanbetracedbacktoRenaissanceItalyinthe1500s,whereitemergedfromearlierstringinstrumentsliketherebecandthevioladagamba.Theseinstruments,whilesimple,laidthefoundationfortheviolin’seventualform.(小提琴的起源可以追溯到16世纪文艺复兴时期的意大利，它起源于早期的弦乐器，如雷贝克琴和维奥尔琴。这些乐器虽然简单，但为小提琴的最终形态奠定了基础。)”及下文“Duringthistime,someoftheworld’smostrenownedviolinmakers—AntonioStradivari,GiuseppeGuarneri,andNicolòAmati—perfectedtheiriconicviolindesigns.(在这段时间里，一些世界上最著名的小提琴制造商——安东尼奥·斯特拉迪瓦里、朱塞佩·瓜奈里和尼科洛·阿马蒂——完善了他们标志性的小提琴设计。)”可知，上文介绍了小提琴的起源，下文提到17、18世纪著名的小提琴制造商完善了小提琴的设计，本空应点明这一重要时期。E选项“The17thand18thcenturieswereagoldenagefortheviolin.(17和18世纪是小提琴的黄金时代。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选E。【17题详析】由上文“Theirviolinsarestillcelebratedtodayfortheirunmatchedcraftsmanshipandlegendarysounds.(他们的小提琴至今仍因其无与伦比的工艺和传奇般的音色而备受赞誉。)”可知，上文介绍了著名小提琴制造商的小提琴备受赞誉，本空应说明这些小提琴制造商对现代小提琴制作的影响。F选项“Manymodernviolinmakersstillcopytheirmodelstothisday.(许多现代小提琴制造商至今仍在模仿他们的模型。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选F。【18题详析】由上文“Hisinstruments,knownasStradivariusviolins,aremuchprizedpossessionsofmusicians.(他的乐器，被称为斯特拉迪瓦里小提琴，是音乐家们珍视的财产。)”及下文“Theseviolinsarenotonlymasterpiecesofartbutalsoproduceasoundthat’srich,warm,andfulloflife—asoundthatstillcapturestheimaginationofmusiciansandmusiclovers.(这些小提琴不仅是艺术杰作，而且发出的声音丰富、温暖、充满活力——这种声音仍然吸引着音乐家和音乐爱好者的想象力。)”可知，上文介绍了斯特拉迪瓦里小提琴备受珍视，下文说明这些小提琴是艺术杰作且音色迷人，本空应进一步说明其地位。G选项“Theyhavebeenplayedbysomeofthegreatestviolinistsinhistory.(它们被历史上一些最伟大的小提琴家演奏过。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【19题详析】由上文“Inthelate1700s,Frenchbow(琴弓)makerFrançoisTourteintroducedthemodernbow,whichallowedvioliniststoplaywithgreaterexpressionandprecision.(18世纪末，法国琴弓制造商弗朗索瓦·图尔特引入了现代琴弓，使小提琴家能够演奏出更具表现力和精确度的音乐。)”及下文“openingthedoortonewtechniquesandsounds.(为新的技巧和声音打开了大门。)”可知，上文介绍了现代琴弓的引入使小提琴家能够演奏出更具表现力和精确度的音乐，下文说明这为新的技巧和声音打开了大门，本空应说明现代琴弓的引入对小提琴演奏的影响。B选项“Thiswasagame-changerforviolinplaying.(这对小提琴演奏来说是一个改变游戏规则的时刻。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。【20题详析】由上文“Itgracesconcerthalls,orchestras,andsoloperformancesaroundtheglobe.(它装饰着全球的音乐厅、管弦乐队和独奏表演。)”及下文“Whetheryou’reabeginneroraseasonedplayer,theviolinoffersawaytoexpressyourself,connectwithothers,andexperiencethejoyofmusic.(无论你是初学者还是经验丰富的演奏者，小提琴都提供了一种表达自己、与他人联系和体验音乐乐趣的方式。)”可知，上文提到了小提琴在全球的演出场合，下文提到了小提琴对不同水平演奏者的意义，本空应拓展其在普通人中的普及度。C选项“Itlivesinthehandsofeverydaypeopleaswell(它也存在于普通人的手中)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Everysummer,Ichallengemyselfbyengaginginanactivitythatscaresme.ThisyearIdecidedtocarryonwiththe____21____.Ichosescubadiving(水肺潜水)toovercomethefearofthe____22____.Aftersixmonthsof____23____,thebigdayarrived.IboardedasmallplanetoanislandofftheGulfCoastofMexico.Whilesittinginthewaitingroomforthecoaches,everyone’sexcitementwas____24____.Onecoachaskedustosignafewpapers____25____wehadnodiseasethatmightaffectthedive,instructeduswhattodo,andhelpedusputonourdivingequipment.AsIreachedthemiddleoftheoceanwheremyfeetnolonger____26____theground,myheartbeganpounding.Iwas____27____withoneofmybiggestfears.Evenwithawell-functioningair-filledcylinder(圆筒)onmyback,Iwas____28____.Eventhoughmycoachstayedwithmethe____29____time,sayingthatthere’snothingtoworryabout,Icouldn’tcontainmyfears.The____30____unfoldedfornearlytenminuteswhiletheotherparticipantswerereveling(狂欢)inthebeautyandvastnessofthemarinelife.WhenIgatheredthe____31____todive,Ihadlessthanfiveminutesto____32____.Iwastedmostofmytimefightingmyextremefearoftheocean.Everyexperience,positiveornegative,____33____ussomething.Identifyyourfearand____34____exposeyourselftoituntilyoubecomecomfortableto____35____it.21.A.mood B.tradition C.sport D.program22.A.river B.cold C.ocean D.depth23.A.treatment B.experiment C.struggle D.preparation24.A.visible B.constant C.typical D.casual25.A.indicating B.implying C.reminding D.repeating26.A.joined B.touched C.supported D.matched27.A.faced B.provided C.bonded D.marked28.A.sinking B.shaking C.floating D.drowning29.A.right B.entire C.second D.initial30.A.drama B.process C.event D.gesture31.A.skill B.breath C.courage D.strength32.A.leave B.decide C.explore D.relax33.A.costs B.invests C.lends D.teaches34.A.partly B.generally C.finally D.gradually35.A.throwing B.designing C.tackling D.achieving【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.A26.B27.A28.B29.B30.A31.C32.C33.D34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过挑战潜水克服对海洋恐惧的经历及感悟。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年我决定延续这个传统。A.mood情绪；B.tradition传统；C.sport运动；D.program项目。根据上文“Everysummer,Ichallengemyselfbyengaginginanactivitythatscaresme.”可知，每年夏天作者都会挑战自己，做一件让自己害怕的事情，因此今年作者决定延续这个传统。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我选择了水肺潜水来克服对海洋的恐惧。A.river河流；B.cold寒冷；C.ocean海洋；D.depth深度。根据后文“Iwastedmostofmytimefightingmyextremefearoftheocean.”可知，作者害怕的是海洋。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过六个月的准备，重要的一天到来了。A.treatment治疗；B.experiment实验；C.struggle挣扎；D.preparation准备。根据前文“Aftersixmonthsof”和后文“thebigdayarrived”可知，去潜水之前需要长期学习、训练，因此是准备，作者为了潜水做了六个月的准备。故选D。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在教练等候室里，每个人的兴奋都显而易见。A.visible明显的；B.constant持续的；C.typical典型的；D.casual随便的。根据后文“Onecoachaskedustosignafewpapers”可知，大家都在为潜水做准备，因此兴奋是显而易见的。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位教练让我们签署了几份文件，表明我们没有可能影响潜水的疾病，指导我们该怎么做，并帮助我们穿上潜水装备。A.indicating表明；B.implying暗示；C.reminding提醒；D.repeating重复。根据后文“wehadnodiseasethatmightaffectthedive”可知，签署文件是正式说明健康状况，用“表明”最准确。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达海洋中央，双脚不再触到地面时，我的心开始怦怦直跳。A.joined加入；B.touched触碰；C.supported支持；D.matched匹配。根据上文“AsIreachedthemiddleoftheoceanwheremyfeetnolonger”以及后文“theground”可知，作者到达海洋中央，双脚不再触到地面。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我面对着最大的恐惧之一。A.faced面对；B.provided提供；C.bonded结合；D.marked标记。根据前文“AsIreachedthemiddleoftheoceanwheremyfeetnolonger______theground,myheartbeganpounding”和后文“withoneofmybiggestfears”可知，作者害怕潜水，到达海洋中央，面对着自己最大的恐惧之一。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使我背上有一个功能良好的充满空气的圆筒，我还是在发抖。A.sinking下沉；B.shaking发抖，颤抖；C.floating漂浮；D.drowning溺水。根据上文“withoneofmybiggestfears.Evenwithawell-functioningair-filledcylinder(圆筒)onmyback,Iwas”，在海中极度恐惧，作者在发抖。故选B。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我的教练一直陪着我，说没什么好担心的，但我还是无法抑制自己的恐惧。A.right正确的；B.entire完全的，整个的；C.second第二的；D.initial最初的。根据后文“time,sayingthatthere’snothingtoworryabout”可知，没什么好担心的的原因是教练一直陪着作者，即整个时间。故选B。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这场紧张慌乱的场面持续了将近十分钟，而其他参与者则在尽情享受海洋生物的美丽和浩瀚。A.drama戏剧性场面，紧张局面；B.process过程；C.event事件；D.gesture姿态。根据后文“unfoldedfornearlytenminutes”可知，前文提到作者内心极度恐惧、无法控制自己的害怕情绪，与他人轻松享受潜水形成鲜明对比，此处用drama强调当时紧张慌乱的状态，而非单纯的过程。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我鼓起勇气潜水时，我只有不到五分钟的时间去探索。A.skill技能；B.breath呼吸；C.courage勇气；D.strength力量。根据前文“WhenIgatheredthe”和后文“todive”可知，作者鼓起勇气潜水。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我鼓起勇气潜水时，我只有不到五分钟的时间去探索。A.leave离开；B.decide决定；C.explore探索；D.relax放松。根据上文“Ihadlessthanfivem。inutesto”可知，潜水的目的是探索海底世界，此处指只有不到五分钟的时间去探索。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一次经历，无论是积极的还是消极的，都会教会我们一些东西。A.costs花费；B.invests投资；C.lends借给；D.teaches教。根据后文“Identifyyourfearand______exposeyourselftoituntilyoubecomecomfortableto______it”可知，经历让人成长、学到道理，后文描述的是这次经历教会作者的道理。故选D。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：找出你的恐惧，并逐渐让自己暴露在恐惧中，直到你能够舒适地应对它。A.partly部分地；B.generally通常；C.finally最后；D.gradually逐渐地。根据后文“exposeyourselftoituntilyoubecomecomfortable”可知，克服恐惧是循序渐进的过程，要逐渐让自己暴露在恐惧中。故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：找出你的恐惧，并逐渐让自己暴露在恐惧中，直到你能够舒适地应对它。A.throwing扔；B.designing设计；C.tackling处理，应对；D.achieving实现。根据上文“untilyoubecomecomfortableto”可知，此处指能够从容应对恐惧。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganizationhasapprovedaresolutionestablishingMarch21____36____InternationalTaijiquanDay.Thedecision,madeatthe43rdsessionoftheUNESCOGeneralConference,