2024年全国硕士探讨生入学统一考试英语试题

2024年全国硕士探讨生入学统一考试英语试题

全国硕士探讨生入学考试英语试题（一）

NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMA/MSCandidates（2024）

考生留意事项

1.考生必需严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可起先答题。

2.答题前，考生应将答题卡上的“考生姓名“、“报考单位“、“考试语种"、”

考生编号”等信息填写清晰，并与准考证上的一样。

3.全国硕士探讨生入学考试英语分为试题（一）、试题（二）。

4.本试题为试题（一），共4页（1〜4页）。考生必需在规定的时间内作答。

5.试题（一）为听力部分。该部分共有A、B、C三节，全部答案都应填写或填

涂在答题卡1上。A、B两节必需用蓝（黑）圆珠笔答题，留意字迹清晰。C

节必需用2B铅笔根据答题卡上的要求填涂，如要改动，必需用橡皮擦干净。

6.听力考试进行时，考生应先将答案写或标记在试题上，然后在听力部分结

束前特地留出的5分钟内，将答案整齐地眷写或转涂到答题卡1上。仅写或

标记在试题上不给分。

SectionIListeningComprehension

Directions:

ThisSectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspoken

English.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumust

answerthequestionsthataccompanythem.Therearethreepartsinthis

section,PartA,PartBandPartC.

Remember,whileyouaredoingthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyour

answersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehension

section,youwillhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfromyour

testbooklettoANSWERSHEET1.

NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.

PartA

Directions:

ForQuestions1-5,youwillhearanintroductionaboutthelifeof

MargaretWelch.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththe

informationyou,veheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengivento

youinthetable.Writeonly1wordornumberineachnumberedbox.

Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthe

tablebelow.(5points)

Welch1sPersonalInformation

PlaceofBirthPhiladelphia

YearofBirth1901

TransfertoBarnardUniversity(Year)1920

MajoratUniversity1

FinalDegreePhD

YearofMarriage1928

GrowingUpInNewGuineaPublished(Year)2

FieldStudyintheSouthPacific(Age)3

MainInterest4

ProfessorshipatColumbiaStarted(Year)5

Death(Age)77

PartB

Directions:

Forquestions6-10,youwillhearatalkbyawell-knownU.S.journalist

Whi1eyoulisten,completethesentencesoranswerthequestions.Use

notmorethan3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecording

twice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandquestions

below.(5points)

andthenewsdirectors

PartC

Directions:

Youwillhearthreepiecesofrecordedmaterial.Beforelisteningto

eachone,youwillhavetimetoreadthequestionsrelatedtoit.While

listening,answereachquestionbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].After

listening,youwillhavetimetocheckyouranswers.Youwillheareach

pieceonceonly.(10points)

Questions11-13arebasedonareportaboutchildren,shealthy

development.Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions11-13.

11.Whatunusualquestionmaydoctorsaskwhengivingkidsacheckup

nexttime?[A]Howmuchexercisetheygeteveryday.

FBIWhattheyaremostworriedabout.

[C]Howlongtheirparentsaccompanythemdai1y.

[D]Whatentertainmenttheyareinterestedin.

12.Theacademysuggeststhatchildrenunderagetwo

[A]getenoughentertainment

[B]havemoreactivities

[C]receiveearlyeducation

[D]haveregularcheckups

13.Accordingtothereport,children,sbedroomsshould.

[A]benoplaceforplay

[B]benearacommonarea

[C]havenoTVsets

FD1haveacomputerforstudy

Questions14-16arebasedonthefollowingtalkabouthowtosavemoney.

Younowhave15secondstoreadQuestions14-16.

14.Accordingtothespeaker,whatshouldonepayspecialattentionto

ifhewantstosaveup?

[A]Familydebts.

[B]Banksavings.

[C]Monthlybills.

[D]Spendinghabits.

15.Howmuchcanapersonsavebyretirementifhegivesuphispack-

a-dayhabit?

[A]$190,000.

[B]$330,000.

[C]$500,000.

[D]$1,000,000.

16.Whatshouldonedobeforepayingmonthlybills,ifhewantsto

accumulatewealth?

[A]Investintoamutualfund.

LBJUsethediscounttickets.

[C]Quithiseating-outhabit.

[D]Useonlypaperbillsandsavecoins.

Questions17-20arebasedonaninterviewwithHerbertA.Glieberman,

adomestic-relationslawyer.Younowhave20secondstoreadQuestions

17-20.

17.Whichwordbestdescribesthelawyer'spredictionofthechange

indivorcerate?

[A]Fall

[B]Rise

[C]V-shape

[D]Zigzag

18.Whatdopeoplenowadaysdesiretodoconcerningtheirmarriage?

[A]Toembracechangesofthought.

[B]Toadapttothedisintegratedfamilylife.

[C]Toreturntothepracticeinthe*60sand'70s.

[D]Tocreatestabilityintheirlives.

19.Whydidsomepeoplechoosenottodivorce20yearsago?

[A]Theyfearedthecomplicatedprocedures.

[B]Theywantedtogoagainstthetrend.

[C]Theywereafraidoflosingface.

[D]theywerewillingtostaytogether.

20.Yearsagoadivorcedmaninacompanywouldhave.

[A]beenshiftedaroundthecountry.

[B]haddifficultybeingpromoted.

[C]enjoyedahappierlife.

[D]tastedlittlebitternessofdisgrace.

Younowhave5minutestotransferallyouranswersfromyourtest

booklettoANSWERSHEET1.

THISISTHEENDOFSECTIONI

DONOTREADORWORKONTHENEXTSECTION

UNTILYOUARETOLDTOCONTINUE

全国硕士探讨生入学考试英语试题(二)

NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMA/MSCandidates(2024)

考生留意事项

1.考生必需严格遵守各项考场规则，得到监考人员指令后方可起先答题。

2.全国硕士探讨生入学考试英语分为试题（一）、试题（二）。

3.本试题为试题（二），共11页（5〜15页），含有英语学问运用、阅读理解、

写作三个部分。英语学问运用、阅读理解A节的答案必需用2B铅笔按要求

干脆填涂在答题卡1上，如要改动，必需用橡皮擦干净。阅读理解B节和写

作部分必需用蓝[黑）圆珠笔在答题卡2上答题，留意字迹清晰。

4.考试结束后，考生应将答题卡1、答题卡2一并装入原试卷袋中，将试题

（一）、试题（二）交给监考人员。

SectionIIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumbered

blankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisionin

the20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16th

centuries.Yetmuchhadhappened21Aswasdiscussedbefore,it

wasnot22the19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominant

pre-electronic23,followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthe

bookandinthe24oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametime

thatthecommunicationsrevolution25up,beginningwith

transport,therailway,andleading26throughthetelegraph,the

telephone,radio,andmotionpictures27the20th-centuryworld

ofthemotorcarandtheairplane.Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin

28Itisimportanttodoso.

Itisgenerallyrecognized,29,thattheintroductionofthe

computerintheearly20thcentury,30bytheinventionofthe

integratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,

31itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately32Astime

wentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame

“personal"too,aswe11as33,withdisplaybecomingsharper

andstorage34increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,

35generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuch

36.

Itwaswithinthecomputeragethatthetermuinformationsociety”

begantobewidelyusedtodescribethe37withinwhichwenow

live.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas38bothworkandleisure

andhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,buttherehave

been39viewsaboutitseconomic,political,socialandcultural

implications."Benefits”havebeenweighed40uharmfulw

outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.

21.[A]between

[B]before

[C]since

[D]later

22.[A]after

[B]by

[C]during

[D]until

23.[A]means

[B]method

[C]medium

[D]measure

24.[A]process

[B]company

[C]light

[D]form

25.[A]gathered

[B]speeded

fClworked

[D]picked

26.[A]on

[B]out

[C]over

[D]off

27.[A]of

[B]for

[C]beyond

[D]into

28.[A]concept

[B]dimension

[C]effect

LD]perspective

29.[A]indeed

[B]hence

[C]however

[D]therefore

30.[A]brought

[B]followed

[C]stimulated

[D]characterized

31.[A]unless

[B]since

[C]lest

[D]although

32.[A]apparent

[B]desirable

negative

[D]plausible

33.[A]institutional

[B]universal

[C]fundamental

[D]instrumental

34.[A]ability

[B]capabi1ity

[C]capacity

[D]faculty

35.[A]bymeansof

[B]intermsof

[C]withregardto

[D]inlinewith

36.[A]deeper

[B]fewer

[C]nearer

[D]smaller

37.[A]context

[B]range

[C]scope

[D]territory

38.[A]regarded

[B]impressed

[C]influenced

[D]effected

39.[A]competitive

[B]controversial

FC1distracting

[D]irrational

40.[A]above

[B]upon

[C]against

[D]with

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextby

choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

(40points)

Text1

Ifyouintendusinghumorinyourtalktomakepeoplesmile,you

mustknowhowtoidentifysharedexperiencesandproblems.Yourhumor

mustberelevanttotheaudienceandshouldhelptoshowthemthatyou

areoneofthemorthatyouunderstandtheirsituationandarein

sympathywiththeirpointofview.Dependingonwhomyouareaddressing,

theproblemswi11bedifferent.Ifyouaretalkingtoagroupof

managers,youmayrefertothedisorganizedmethodsoftheir

secretaries;alternativelyifyouareaddressingsecretaries,youmay

wanttocommentontheirdisorganizedbosses.

Hereisanexample,whichIheardatanurses'convention,ofa

storywhichworkswellbecausetheaudienceallsharedthesameview

ofdoctors.AmanarrivesinheavenandisbeingshownaroundbySt.

Peter.Heseeswonderfulaccommodations,beautifulgardens,sunny

weather,andsoon.Everyoneisverypeaceful,politeandfriendly

until,waitinginalineforlunch,thenewarrivalissuddenlypushed

asidebyamaninawhitecoat,whorushestotheheadoftheline,

grabshisfoodandstompsovertoatablebyhimself."Whoisthat?”

thenewarrivalaskedSt.Peter."Oh,that*sGod,“camethereply,

“butsometimeshethinkshe'sadoctor.”

Ifyouarepartofthegroup,whichyouareaddressing,youwill

beinapositiontoknowtheexperiencesandproblemswhicharecommon

toal1ofyouandit'11beappropriateforyoutomakeapassing

remarkabouttheinediblecanteenfoodorthechairmanJsnotorious

badtasteinties.Withotheraudiencesyoumustn,tattempttocutin

withhumorastheywillresentanoutsidermakingdisparagingremarks

abouttheircanteenortheirchairman.Youwillbeonsafergroundif

yousticktoscapegoatslikethePostOfficeorthetelephonesystem.

Ifyoufeelawkwardbeinghumorous,ycumustpracticesotha:it

becomesmorenatural.Includeafewcasualandapparentlyoff-the-cuff

remarkswhichyoucandeliverinarelaxedandunforcedmanner.Often

it'sthedeliverywhichcausestheaudiencetosmile,sospeakslowly

andrememberthataraisedeyebroworanunbelievinglookmayhelpto

showthatyouaremakinga1ight-heartedremark.

Lookforthehumor.Itoftenconiesfromtheunexpected.Atwiston

afamiliarquote“Ifatfirstyoudon'tsucceed,giveup“oraplay

onwordsoronasituation.Searchforexaggerationandunderstatements.

Lookatyourtalkandpickoutafewwordsorsentenceswhichyoucan

turnaboutandinjectwithhumor.

41.Tomakeyourhunorwork,youshould.

[A]takeadvantageofdifferentkindsofaudience

[B]makefunofthedisorganizedpeople

[C]addressdifferenlproblemsLodifferenLpeople

[D]showsympathyforyourlisteners

42.Thejokeaboutdoctorsimpliesthat,intheeyesofnurses,they

are___.

[A]impolitetonewarrivals

[B]veryconsciousoftheirgodlikerole

[C]entitledtosomeprivileges

[D]verybusyevenduringlunchhours

43.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatpublicservices.

[A]havebenefitedmanypeople

[B]arethefocusofpublicattention

[C]areaninappropriatesubjectforhumor

FD1haveoftenbeenthelaughingstock

44.Toachievethedesiredresult,humorousstoriesshouldbedelivered

[A]inwe11-wordedlanguage

[B]asawkwardlyaspossible

[C]inexaggeratedstatements

[D]ascasual1yaspossible

45.Thebesttitleforthetextmaybe.

[A]UseHumorEffectively

[B]VariousKindsofHumor

[C]AddHumortoSpeech

[D]DifferentHumorStrategies

Text2

Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermore

cunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,

orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics-the

scienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitiesonmachines.Andif

scientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,

theyhavebeguntocomeclose.

Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedby

intelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversal

existencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythm

ofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedteller

terminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.

Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobot-drivers.Andthanks

tothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,

therearealreadyrDbotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrain

andbonesurgerywi：.hsubmillimeteraccuracy-fargreaterprecision

thanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.

Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,

theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeableto

makeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves-goalsthatposeareal

challenge."Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecific

error,“saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,“we

can'tyetgivearobotenough*commonsense"toreliablyinteract

withadynamicworld.w

Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedvery

mixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand

1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessors

mightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2024,

researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesif

notcenturies.

Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehuman

brain'sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented

-andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated-thanpreviously

imagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofa

machinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactory

environment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingscene

andimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,

instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforest

roadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.Themostadvanced

computersystemsonEarthcan,tapproachthatkindofability,and

neuroscientistsstilldon,tknowquitehowwedoit.

46.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin.

[A]theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction

[B]thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry

[C]theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork

[D]theelite*scunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork

47.Theword“gizmos”(Line1,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans

[A]programs

[B]experts

[C]devices

[D]creatures

48.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyoncman'sabilitynowisto

designarobotthatcan___.

[A]fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery

[B]interactwithhumanbeingsverbally

[C]havealittlecommonsense

[D]respondindependentlytoachangingworld

49.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso_______.

[A]makeafewdecisionsforthemselves

[B]dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention

[C]improvefactoryenvironments

[D]cultivatehumancreativity

50.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare

[A]expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure

[B]abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately

[C]farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevant

information

[D]bestusedinacontrolledenvironment

Text3

Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?

SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhas

jumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.

Thisnear-triplingofoilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973

oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,and1979-80,whentheyalsoalmost

tripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindouble-digitinflationand

globaleconomicdecline.Sowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloom

anddoomthistime?

TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraq

suspendedoilexports.Strengtheningeconoiricgrowth,atthesametime

aswintergripsthenorthernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigher

stillintheshortterm.

Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnow

tobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Inmostcountriesthecostof

crudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthan

itdidinthe1970s.InEurope,taxesaccountforuptofour-fifthsof

theretailprice,soevenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehave

amoremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast.

Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,and

solesssensitivetjswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,a

shifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-

intensiveindustrieshavereducedoilconsumption.Software,

consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoi1thansteelorcar

production.ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstantprices)richeconomies

nowusenearly50%lessoilthanin1973.TheOECDestimatesinits

latestEconomicOutlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelfor

afullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoil

importbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25~0.5%ofGDP.Thatisless

thanone-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.Ontheotherhand,

oil-importingemergingeconomies-towhichheavyindustryhasshifted

-havebecomemoreenergy-intensive,andsocouldbemoreseriously

squeezed.

Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesis

that,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthe

backgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcess

demand.Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfrom

economicdecline.TheEconomistfscommoditypriceindexisbroadly

unchangingfromayearago.In1973commoditypricesjumpedby70%,

andin1979byalmost30%.

51.Themainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceis.

[A]globalinflation

[B]reductioninsupply

[C]fastgrowthineconomy

[D]Iraq'ssuspensionofexports

52.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheretailpriceofpetrol

willgoupdramaticallyif.

[A]priceofcruderises

[B]commoditypricesrise

[C]consumptionrises

[D]oiltaxesrise

53.TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountries

[A]heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy-intensive

[B]incomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices

[C]manufacturingindustryhasbeenseriouslysqueezed

[D]oilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP

54.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat.

[A]oil-priceshocksarelessshockingnow

[B]inflationseemsirrelevanttooil-priceshocks

[C]energyconservationcankeepdowntheoi1prices

[D]thepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry

55.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems.

[A]optimistic

[B]sensitive

[C]gloomy

[D]scared

Text4

TheSupremeCourtJsdecisionsonphysician-assistedsuicidecarry

importantimplicationsforhowmedicineseekstorelievedyingpatients

ofpainandsuffering.

Althoughitruledthatthereisnoconstitutionalrightto

physician-assistedsuicide,theCourtineffectsupportedthemedical

principleof“doubleeffect,nacenturies-oldmoralprincipleholding

thatanactionhavingtwoeffects-agoodonethatisintendedand

aharmfulonethatisforeseen-ispermissibleiftheactorintends

onlythegoodeffect.

Doctorshaveusedthatprincipleinrecentyearstojustifyusing

highclosesofmorphinetocontrolterminallyillpatients,pain,even

thoughincreasingdosageswilleventuallykillthepatient.

NancyDubler,directorofMontefioreMedicalCenter,contendsthat

theprinciplewillshielddoctorswho“untilnowhavevery,very

stronglyinsistedthattheycouldnotgivepatientssufficient

mediationtocontroltheirpainifthatmighthastendeath.”

GeorgeAnnas,chairofthehealthlawdepartmentatBoston

University,maintainsthat,aslongasadoctorprescribesadrugfor

alegitimatemedicalpurpose,thedoctorhasdonenothingi]legaleven

ifthepatientusesthedrugtohastendeath."It'slikesurgery,“

hesays."Wedon'tcallthosedeathshomicidesbecausethedoctors

didn,tintendtokilltheirpatients,althoughtheyriskedtheirdeath.

Ifyou'reaphysician,youcanriskyourpatient?ssuicideaslong

asyoudon'tintendtheirsuicide.”

Onanotherlevel,manyinthemedicalcommunityacknowledgethat

theassisted-suicidedebatehasbeenfueledinpartbythedespairof

patientsforwhommodernmedicinehasprolongedthephysicalagonyof

dying.

JustthreeweeksbeforetheCourt,srulingonphysician-assisted

suicide,theNationalAcademyofScience(NAS)releasedatwo-volume

report,ApproachingDeath:ImprovingCareattheEndofLife.It

identifiestheundertreatmentofpainandtheaggressiveuseof

uineffectualandforcedmedicalproceduresthatmayprolongandeven

dishonortheperiodofdying“asthetwinproblemsofend-of-life

care.

Theprofessionistakingstepstorequireyoungdoctorstotrain

inhospices,totestknowledgeofaggressivepainmanagementtherapies,

todevelopaMedicarebillingcodeforhospital-basedcare,andto

developnewstandardsforassessingandtreatingpainattheendof

life.

Annassayslawyerscanplayakeyroleinin