2024年全国银行招聘之银行招聘综合知识考试高频考点卷详细参考解析916

全国银行招聘考试重点试题精编

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一、选择题

••

2：1、商业银行客户信息管理“展业三原则〃是指（）。

21A.了解你的业务、了解你的客户、了解你的市场

4：B.了解你的渠道、了解你的客户、尽职调查

：C.了解你的业务、了解你的市场、尽职调查

jD.了解你的业务、了解你的客户、尽职调查

[2、根据物的分类，下列物与物的关系中属于主物与从物关系的是（）。

A.冰箱与雪柜

iB.矿泉水与蒸储水

ic.衣柜与门框

；D.汽车与备用轮胎

i3、就业是最大的民生，俣市场主体也是为稳就业保民生。各地加大稳岗扩岗激励力度，企

一1业和员工共同克服困难。多渠道做好重点群体就业工作，支持大众创业万众创新带动就业。

凶电新增市场主体恢复快速增长，创造了大量就业岗位。2020年全年城镇新增就业1186万人,

01年末全国城镇调查失业率降到52%。生活必需品保供稳价，居民消费价格上涨25%。线上

I办公、网络购物、无接触配送等广泛开展。大幅度扩大失业保险保障范围。对因疫情遇困群

|众及时给予救助，新纳入低保、特困供养近600万人，实施临时救助超过800万人次。

1如果离职率为1%,就职率为19%,自然失业率为（）。

A.4%

B.5%

C.6%

D.7%

j4、近年来，我国取得了举世瞩目的成就。下列被称作中国的：“新四大发明”的是：（）。

A.蛟龙天眼墨子人工智能

恬

B.天宫支付宝网购共享单车

C.高铁网购移动支付共享单车

D.大飞机高铁悟空移动支付

5、我国现行会计制度规定，资产负债表是按（）所反映的经济内容设计的。

A.资产=负债+所有者权益

B.有借必有贷.借贷必相等

C.账户的平行登记

D.借贷记账法

6、下列句子中语序排列最连贯的一项是（）。

（1）瘟疫同人类文明史如影随形。

（2）无论是宗教式的祈祷还是对恶疾的救治，在这些作品中，我们都能看到人类面对瘟疫

时所做出的顽强的抗争。

（3）欧洲的文艺复兴时期，艺术巨匠们不仅用画笔讴歌上帝天使，同时也在描绘撒旦和死

神。

（4）人类社会发展历程中，政治、经济、文化、宗教等方方面面都有它的影子。

（5）作为硬币的反面，那些与死亡相美的画作很多都是以瘟疫作为叙事背景。

A.(4)(1)(3)(5)(2)

B.(1)(4)(3)(5)(2)

C.(1)(5)(2)(4)(3)

D.(4)(3)(5)(2)(1)

7、下列属于短期资金市场的是（）o

A.票据市场

B.债券市场

C.资本市场

D.股票市场

8、Passage4

Insuranceisthesharingofrisks.Nearlyeveryoneisexposedtoriskofsomesort.The

house-owner,forexample,knowsthathispropertycanbedamagedbyfire;theship-ownerknows

thathisvesselmaybelostatsea;thebreadwinnerknowsthathemaydieatanearlyageand

leavehisfamilythepoorer.Ontheotherhand,noteveryhouseisdamagedbyfirenorevery

vessellostatsea.Ifthesepersonseachputasmallsumintoapool,therewillbeenoughtomeet

theneedsofthefewwhodosufferloss.Inotherwords,thelossesofthefewaremetfromthe

contributionsofthemany.Thisisthebasisofinsurance.Thosewhopaythecontributionare

knownas"insured"andthosewhoadministerthepoolofcontributionsas"insurers".

Notallriskslendthemselvestobeingcoveredbyinsurance.Broadlyspeaking,theordinaryrisksof

businessandspeculationcannotbecovered.Theriskthatbuyerswillnotbuygoodsattheprices

offeredisnotofakindthatcanbestatisticallyestimated—andriskscanonlybeinsuredagainstif

theycanbesoestimated.

Thelegalbasisofallinsuranceisthe"policy".Thisistheprintedformofcontractonpaperofthe

bestquality.ltstatesthatinreturnfortheregularpaymentbytheinsuredofanamedsumof

money,calledthe"premium",whichisusuallypaideveryyear,theinsurerwillpayasumofrroney

orcompensationforlossjftheriskoreventinsuredagainstactuallyhappens.Thewordingof

policies,particularlyinmarineinsurance,oftenseemsveryold-fashioned,butthereisasound

reasonforthis.Overalargenumberofyearsmanylawcaseshavebeenbroughttoclearupthe

meaningofdoubtfulphrasesinpolicies.Thelawcourts,intheirjudgments,havegiventhese

phrasesadefiniteandindisputablemeaning,andtoavoidfuturedisputesthephraseshave

continuedtobeusedinpoliciesevenwhentheyhavepassedoutofnormaluseinspeech.

Accordingtothispassagejnsuranceispossiblebecause（）.

A.onlyasmallproportionoftheinsuredsufferloss

B.everyoneatsometimesuffersloss

C.nearlyeveryonesuffersloss

D.onlyinsuredpeoplesufferloss

9、Thecomputer'smousepermitthecomputeroperatorthecursoronthevideodisplay.

A.move

B.moving

C.tomove

D.ismoving

10、明天就是选举日了，以下公民中不具有选举权的是（）。

A.张某刚过完17岁生日

B.黄某被判有期徒刑3年执行中

C.王某被查出患有精神病

D.陈某被拘留15天执行中

11、2020年1月2日电，自今年1月1日起，符合条件的港澳台居民可在（）参加社

会保险。目前，珠海市已启动实施港澳台居民参加珠海社会保险工作，专题部署和组织培训。

A.珠海市

B.深圳市

C.广州市

D.厦门市

12、Let'sfaceit.Gardeningfanaticslikenothingbetterthantohavetheirhandsstuckinthesoilor

tobetrimming,pruning,orharvestingthefruitsoftheirlabors.Butforonce,hereisanobsession

whichbenefitsthewholecommunitybybeautifyingtheenvironmentandproducingcooler,more

fragrant,andcleanerair.Torecognizethatfact,theTampaCityCouncilhasdecidedtoaward

generousprizestothemostbeautifuldisplaysthisspring.

RULESOFENTRY

l.Sorry,butonlyresidentsoftheCityofTampaareeligible.

2JudgeswillbeselectedbytheTampaCityCouncilonApril25,andnopersonalinformation

aboutanyjudgeswillbeprovidedbythecounciljudgesmaynotbecontactedbyanyentrant.

3.Theappointedjudgeshavetotaldiscretion,andnocorrespondencewillbeenteredinto

regardingjudges'decisions.

4.AsthemainpointofthiscontestisthebeautificationofTampa,werequirethatallgardens

要特点。

A.交易型

B.改变型

C.魅力型

D.特质型

16、下列各项中，适用超额累进税率计征个人所得税的是（）。

A.对企业、事业单位的承包、承租经营所得

B.财产租赁所得

C.特许权使用费所得

D.稿酬收入

17、Thereisnoreasontheyshouldlimithowmuchvitaminyoutake,theycanlimithow

muchwateryoudrink.

A.nolessthan

B.notanymorethan

C.nomorethan

D.muchmoreorless

18、已知某投资项目按14%贴现率计算的净琨值大于零.接16%贴现率计算的净现值小于

零，则该项目的内含报酬率肯定（）。

A.大于14%,小于16%

B.小于14%

C.等于15%

D.大于16%

19、我国《经济法》调整的对象是（

A.一切经济关系

B.特定经济关系

C.全部财产关系

D.社会关系

20、RoutineinspectionsareconductedattheHaldrenPape"Factorytoensurethatallequipment

isfunctioning.

A.properly

B.rightfully

C.literally

0.officially

21^ThemuseumcontainsseveralworksofRenaissanceart,includingtwopaintingsby

Raphael,onebyDurer,onebyTitian,andanearlysketchbyTintoretto.

A.useless

B.priceless

C.valueless

0.worthless

22、资料：Askedtonametheirfavoritecity,manyAmericanswouldselectSanFranciscowhich

beganasasmallSpanishoutpostlocatedonamagnificentbay.Thetownwaslittlemorethana

villageservingrancherswhentheUnitedStatestookpossessionofitin1846duringthewarwith

Mexico.

SanFranciscosprangintoacityovernightbecauseofthenearbydiscoveryofgoldin1848.Agreat

rushtoCaliforniatookplace.Wagontrainsploddedtheirdangerouswayacross2000milesof

prairieandmountains,whilehundredsofsailingvesselsmsdetheequallyhazardoustriparound

theHorn.Thevesselsdisgorgedthousandsofpassengers--thenthecrewsdesertedtheirship

andhundredsofvesselswerelefttorotinthebay.Withintwoyears,Californiahadenough

populationtobecomeastateandSanFranciscowasformanyyearsthehubofthatnewly-arrived

population.

Thecity'spresentpopularityisduetoanexcellentclimate,aneasystyleofliving,goodfood,and

numeroustouristattractions.Thecityisfamousforitscablecarswhich"clangandbang"upthe

steephills,andforitsexcellentseafoodstallsalongthewharf.Mostvisitorsarrivingfromnations

inthePacificBasinspendseveraldaysgettingtoknowthetown.

SanFranciscotodayisathrivingcitybecauseof___.

A.heavyindustry

B.governmentalheadquarters

C.goldmining

D.tradeandtourism

23、2020年3月30日，我合国发表新闻公报，宣布（）将为联合国成立75周年活动

提供视烦会议及数字通信工具。

A.阿里巴巴

B.华为公司

C.百度公司

D.腾讯公司

24、当人静止地站在斜坡式电梯上随电梯一起向上运动时（手与电梯不接触），下列表述准

确的是（）。

A.人不受摩擦力作用

B.人所受的摩擦力方向沿电梯面向下

C.人所受的摩擦力方向沿电梯面向上

D.人所受的摩擦力方向可能沿电梯向上，也可能向下

25、Afteralonganddifficultstrike,theplantworkerswillshowuptoworkMonday.

A.startingon

B.afterwards

C.instead

D.outside

26、（）howdifficultthesituationmayseem,itisveryimportanttorememberthatthereare

otherswhoareinworsesituations.

A.Asif

B.Evenso

C.Asthough

D.Nomatter

27>电能是用途最广泛的能源之一，它属于(),>

A.二次能源

B.一次能源

C.不可再生能源

D.可再生能源

28、Israeliofficialsblamethesettlers,sayingtheyhaverefusedtowiththegovernment.

A.direct

B.cooperate

C.comment

0.remind

29、Passage5

Desertification,drought,anddespair-thatiswhatglobalwarminghasinstoreformuchof

Africa.Orsowehear.

Emergingevidenceispaintingaverydifferentscenario,oneinwhichrisingtemperaturescould

benefitmillionsofAfricansinthedriestpartsofthecontinent.Scientistsarenowseeingsignals

thattheSaharadesertandsurroundingregionsaregreeningduetoincreasingrainfall.If

sustained,theserainscouldrevitalizedrought-ravagedregions,reclaimingthemforfarming

communities.Thisdesert-shrinkingtrendissupportedbyclimatemodels,whichpredictareturn

toconditionsthatturnedtheSaharaintoalushplainsome12,000yearsago.

ThegreenshootsofrecoveryareshowinguponsatelliteimagesofregionsincludingtheSahel,a

semi-desertzoneborderingtheSaharatothesouththatstretchessome2,400miles.

Imagestakenbetween1982and2002revealedextensivere-greeningthroughoutthe

Sahel,accordingtoanewstudyinthejournalBiogeosciences.Thestudysuggestshugeincreases

invegetationinareasincludingcentralChadandwesternSudan.Thetransitionmaybeoccurring

becausehotterairhasmorecapacitytoholdmoisture,whichinturncreatesmorerain,said

MartinClaussenoftheMaxPlanckInstituteforMeteorologyinHamburg,Germany/The

water-holdingcapacityoftheairisthemaindrivingforce/'Claussensaid.

Whilesatelliteimagescan'tdistinguishtemporaryplantslikegrassesthatcomeandgowiththe

rains,groundsurveyssuggestrecentvegetationchangeisfimlyrooted.IntheeasternSaharaarea

ofsouthwesternEgyptandnorthernSudan,newtreesareflourishing,accordingtoStefan

Kropelin,aclimatescientistattheUniversityofCologne'sAfricaResearchUnitinGermany.

“Before,therewasnotasinglescorpion,notasinglebladeofgrass/saidKropelin,whohasstudied

theregionfortwodecades/zNowyouhavepeoplegrazingtheircamelsinareaswhichmaynot

havebeenusedforhundredsoreventhousandsofyears.Youseebirds,ostriches,ccming

back,evensortsofamphibianscomingback/hesaid."Thetrendhascontinuedformorethan20

years.ltisindisputable/

Anexplosioninplantgrowthhasbeenpredictedbysomeclimatemodels.Forinstancejn2005a

teamledbyReindertHaarsmaoftheRoyalNetherlandsMeteorologicalInstituteinDeBilt,the

Netherlands,forecastsignificantlymorefuturerainfallintheSaheLThestudyinGeophysical

ResearchLetterspredictedthatrainfallintheJulytoSeptemberwetseasonwouldrisebyupto

twomillimetersaday,by2080.

Satellitedatashows^thatindeedduringthelastdecade,theSahelisbecominggreenedHaarsma

said.Evenso,climatescientistsdonotagreeonhowfutureclimatechangewillaffectthe

Sahel—somestudiessimulateadecreaseinrainfall/Thisissueisstillratheruncertain,“Hazrsma

said.

MaxPlanck'sClaussensaidNorthAfricaistheareaofgreatestdisagreementamongclimate

changemodelers.Forecastinghowglobalwarmingwillaffecttheregioniscomplicatedbyitsvast

sizeandtheunpredictableinfluenceofhigh-altitudewinds:hatdispersemonsoonrains,Claussen

added/Halfthemodelsfollowawettertrend,andhalfadriertrend/

Whatistheroleofthesixthparagraphinthedevelopmentofthetopic()

A.Tomakeatransitiontoanewtopic

B.Toworkasahooktothefollowingparagraphs

C.Toprovideacontrasttotheprecedingparagraphs

D.Tooffersupportingevidencetotheprecedingparagraph

30、世界上最早出现的计算机互联网络是()<.

A.Internet

B.SNA

C.ARPAnet

0.Ethernet

31、wehavefinishedthecourse,weshalltakeanewone.

A.Eversince

B.Nowthat

C.Assoonas

D.Bynow

32、Dreamisastorythatapersonwatchesoreventakespartinduringsleep.Dreameventsare

imaginary,buttheyarerelatedtorealexperiencesandneedsinthedreamer'slife.

Theyseemrealwhiletheyaretakingplace.Somedreamsarepleasant,othersareannoying,and

stillothersarefrightening.

Everyonedreams,butsomepersonsneverrecalldreaming.Othersrememberonlyalittleabouta

dreamtheyhadjustbeforeawakeningandnothingaboutearlierdreams.Noonerecallsallhis

dreams.

Dreamsinvolvelittlelogicalthought.lnmostdreams,thedreamercannotcontrolwhathappens

tohim.Thestorymaybeconfusing,andthingshappenthatwouldnothappeninreallife.

Peopleseeinmostdreams,buttheymayalsohear,smell,touch,andtasteintheirdreams.Most

dreamsoccurincolor.Butpersonswhohavebeenblindsincebirthdonotseeatallindreams.

Dreamsareaproductofthesleeper'smind.Theyhaveincludedeventsandfeelingsthathehas

experienced.Mostdreamsarerelatedtoeventsofthedaybeforethedreamandstrongwishesof

thedreamer.Manyminorincidentsofthehoursbeforesleepappearindreams.Deepwishesor

fears-especiallythoseheldsincechildhoodoftenappearindreams,andmanydreamsfulfilsuch

wishes.Eventsinthesleeper'ssurrounding-aloudnoise,forexample,maybecomepartofa

dream,buttheydonotcausedreams.

Somedreamsinvolvedeepfeelingsthatapersonmaynotrealizehehas.Psychiatristsoftenuse

materialfromapatient'sdreamstohelpthepersonunderstandhimselfbetter.

Dreamingmayhelpmaintaingoodlearningability,memory,andemotionaladjustment.People

whogetplentyofsleep-butareawakenedeachtimetheybegintodream-becomeanxiousand

restless.

Thispassageismainlyabout().

A.howwedreamduringsleep

B.whatkindofbenefitsdreamsbringtopeople

C.whywedreamduringsleep

D.whatdreamsare

33、组织结构三要素不包括()。

A.虚拟化

B.规范化

C.集权化

D.复杂化

34、Manyofthosethatareprosecutedandsentencedandendinajailaresubsequently

freedorsimplywalkoutthedoorasthereareprisonsinCongothatsimplydonothavedoors.

A.down

B.off

C.up

D.beyond

35、把下面的六个图形分为两类，使每一类图形都有各自的共同特征或规律，分类正碓的一

项是（）o

A.①②⑤，③④⑥

B.①④⑥，②③⑤

C.①③④，②⑤⑥

D.①③⑤，②④⑥

36、资料：HowdidTencenttakeWeChatsofaraheadofitsrivals?Theanswerliespartlyinthe

peculiaritiesofthelocalmarket.UnlikemostWesterners,manyChinesepossessedmultiple

mobiledevices,andtheyquicklytooktoanappthatofferedthenaneasywaytointegratethem

allintoasingledigitalidentity.InAmericamessagingappshadapotentcompetitorintheformof

basicmobile-phoneplans,whichbandiedinSMSmessaging.Buttextmessageswerecostlyin

China,soconsumerseagedyadoptedfreemessagingapp.Ande-mailnevertookoffonthe

mainlandthewayithasaroundtheworld,mainlybecausetheinternetcamelate;thatleftan

openingformessagingapps.

ButthebiggerexplanationforWechat'sriseisTencent'sabilitytoinnovate.ManyChinesegrew

upusingQQ,aPC-basedmessagingplatformofferedbyTencentthatstillhasover800m

registeredusers.QQwasacopyofICQ,apioneeringIsraeliMessagingservice.ButthenChinese

imitatorlearnedtothinkforitself.Spottingthecomingriseoftheinternet.Tencentchallenged

severalinternalteamstodesignanddevelopasmartphone-onlymessagingapp.TheQQinsiders

cameupwithsomethingalongthelinesoftheirexistingproductforthethePC,butanother

teamofoutsiders（fromajust-acquiredfirm）cameupwithWeixin.WhenTencentlaunchedthe

newapp,itmadeiteasyforQQ'userstotransfertheircontactsovertothenewapp.

Anotherstrokeofbrilliancecametwoyearsagowhentheservicelauncheda”red

packet^campaigninwhichWeChatuserswereabletosenddigitalmoneytofriendsandfarrilyto

celebrateChineseNewYearratherthansendingcashinaredenvelope,asiscustomary.Itwas

cleverofthefirmtoturndutifulgift-givingintoanexcitinggame,notesConnieChanof

AndreessenIlorowitz,aVCfirm.Italsoencourageduserstobindtogetherintosendmoney,

ofteninrandomizedamounts.

Accordingtothepassage,thesuccessofWeixinmainlyattrioutesto.

A.QQ'sstronguserbase

B.thelackofcompetitors

C.localmarketopportunityandinnovation

D.alloftheabove

37、并非只有人类才有利他主义行为，这句话等同于（）。

A.有些动物具有利他主义行为

B.只有人类才有利他主义行为

C.除了人类，其他动物都有利他主义行为

D.利他主义行为并不是所有动物都具有

38、宏观经济指标是体现经济情况的一种方式，下列指标中属于金融指标的是（）。

A.货币供应量

B.消费物价指数

C.国民生产总值

D.社会消费品零售总额

39、如果100美元兑换人民币625元，则相对于中国用直接标价法表示为（）（＞

A.$100=Y625

B.¥IOO=$516

C.Y625

D.$625

40、资料：Economicperformanceisimprovinginmostoftheworld'sleadingeconomiesbutisstill

shortofaself-sustainingupswing,theOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment

saidonWednesday.

Inanupdatetoitseconomicforecasts,theParis-basedinternationalorganisationrepresenting

advancedeconomiessaidthatmoreprivatesectorinvestmentwasneededfortheexpansionto

endure,forwagestorisesustainabilityandforinequalitiestobetackled.

Althoughallleadingeconomiesarenowrecordingpositivegrowth,CatherineMann,theOECD's

chiefeconomist,urgedgovernmentsto“curbyourenthusiasm[because]strongandsustained

medium-termglobalgrowthisnotyetsecured".

TheOECD'seconomicoutlookshowsupgradestothe2017growthforecastsinChina,Russiaand

EuropeexcludingtheUKwiththeworldoutlookalsoappearingstrongerin2018.

Worldgrowthshouldrisefromalowof3.1percentin2016,to3.5percentthisyearand3.7per

centin2018,theOECDforecast,withtheUS,theEurozone,BrazilandRussiacontributingmost

totheimprovedglobaloutlook.

China'spredictedgrowthrateof6.8percentin2017and6.6percentin2018hasbeenrevised

higherby0.2percentagepointsinbothyearsandalthoughIndia'sgrowthratehasbeenrevised

down,reflectingadjustmenttoitsnewgoodsandservicestax,itislikelytoremainthefastest

growinglargeeconomyintheworld.

OnlytheUK,whichremainsembroiledinBrexitnegotiations,hasadeterioratingoutlook.

RespondingtotheOECD'sforecastthattheBritisheconomywillbetheslowestgrowinginthe

GroupofSevenin2018havingbeennearthetopoftheleaguetablein2016,theBritishTreasury

saiditwasnotcomplacent.

Accordingtothepassage,whichoneofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A.TheRussia's2017economicgrowthforecasthasbeenrevisedhigher

B.Theleadingeconomieshaveachievedsustainablelong-termgrowth

C.TheOECDisnotoptimisticaboutChina'seconomicgrowth

D.India'seconomicgrowthforecasthavebeenupgraded

41、《中华人民共和国土地改革法》规定土地改革的根本目的是（）。

A.废除封建剥削的土地制度

B.实行农民的土地所有制

C.解放农村生产力，为工业化开辟道路

D.实行耕者有其田的土地制度

42、资14：Weallknowthatlackofsleepaffectsourmemoryalongwithothercognitiveabilities.

Sittingintheofficesleepdeprivesit'sdifficulttorememberyourownname,letalongthe

ever-lengtheningto-dolist.

Butnownewresearchshowsthatnotgettingenoughsleepincreasesthechancesyourmindwill

actuallycreatefalsememories.Thestudy,publishedinPsychologicalScience,allowedonegroup

ofparticipantstogetafullnights'sleepwhileanotherhadtostayupallnight.Inthemorning

theyweregivenaseriesofphotosthatweresupposedtoshowacrimebeingcommitted.Next,

bothgroupsweregivensomeeyewitnessstatementsaboutthecrime.Likemanywitness

statementsinreal-lifecrimesthedetailsweredifferenttothoseshowninthephotographs.For

example,inoneinstancethephotoshowedathiefputtingawalletinhisjacket,butinthe

witnessstatementitsaidheputitinhispants（that's'trousers'forBritishpeoplenothis

underwear!).Afterwardstheywereaskedwhattheyhadseenintheoriginalphotographs.The

resultsshowedthatthosev/ho'dmissedoutontheirsleepwerethemostlikelytoregurgitatethe

falseeyewitnessstatementsthey'djustreadratherthanrememberingthe'true'crime-scene

photosthey'dbeenshownmomentsbeforehand.Thelackofsleephadmessedwiththeirheads

totheextentthealltheevidence-rightandwrong—hadgotmixedup.

Oneofthestudy'sauthors,KimberlyFenn,said:wPeoplewhorepeatedlygetlowamountsof

sleepeverynightcouldbemoreproneinthelongruntodeveloptheseformsofmemory

distortion.It'snotjustafullnightofsleepdeprivationthatputsthematrisk.Indeed,a

preliminarystudytheycarriedoutfoundthatgettingjustfivehourssleepwasenoughtocause

peopletostartmanufacturingfalsememories.

Whichdoestheunderlinedword“regurgitate”(paragraph2)mean?

A.repeat

B.pourback

C.feed

D.remix

43、我国商业银行的核心资本包括()。

A.实收资本、资本公积、盈余公积、未分配利润

B.实收资本、资本公积、呆账准备金、长期债务

C.实收资本、未收资本、重估资本、未分配利润

D.资本净值、资本盈余、未分配利润、呆账准备金

44、资料：Business,academicandcivicleadersinCambridgehavewarnedthatoneofBritain's

majoreconomicgrowthcitiesisunderthreatunlessthegovernmentactsquicklytorestoretrust

post-Brexit.

Companyexecutivesandeducationistsreportsomehighlyskilledforeignnationalsquittingor

refusingtocommittonewjobsinBritainbecauseofuncertaintyovertheirfuturelegalstatus

here.lthasinthepastboastedofcreatingemploymentfasterthanChina,amidaboominthe

technologyandbiosciencesectors,whichledtothecitybeinglabelled^Silliconfen”,butnowthere

arefearsofabigslowdown.

“ThisisauniqueeconomicassetforEurope/saidLordLansley,theformerConservationMPfor

SouthCambridgeshire,afteraspeciallyconvenedmeetingtodiscusstheproblemswithlocal

politiciansandothers.^Thereisa[political]vacuumoutthereandtheredoesnotseemtobea

[postBrexit]plan.Therearethingsweneedandifwegetthemwecancontinuetoprosperand

bemoresuccessful”,Lansleyadded.

HehasdrawnupaCambridgedeclarationwithhiscolleaguesmeanttoreassureexisting

academicandbusinessstafffromabroadthattheirpresencewillbeprotected."Weare

committedtointernationalcollaborationinresearch,scienceandtheexploitationof

innovative,knowledge-intensiveenterprises/saysthedocument.

LansleysayshewillbepushingtheBritishgovernmenttogiveacquiredrightstothe9,000

EuropeancitizenslivingintheEastAngliancityoutofatotalpopulationof124,000.Healsowants

toseeacontinuationoffreelabourmovementtoallowEuropeanstocometoworkandstudyin

CambridgeandsayswWeneedfreemovementforthemtocometoworkandtostudyhere."

WhichofthefollowingisNOTasituationLordLansleyexpectstosee?

A.TheimmediateactionoftheBritishgovernment

B.continuationoffreelabormovementsfromEUcountries

C.Anincreaseintheforeigntalents'wages

D.Newpoliciesthatprotectsforeigntalents*rights

45资格I：Demystifyinghowsocialandhuman-likerobotsworkisvitalsothatwecanunderstand

andshapehowtheywillaffectourfuture,DrHaticeGuneswilltelltheHayFestivalnextweek.(1)

Fearmongeringandmyth-makingabouthuman-likeandsocialrobotsisstoppingusfrom

engagingwiththetechnolc^ybehindthemandhavinganinputintohowthey—andwe—evolve,

saysHaticeGunes,AssociateProfessoratUniversityofCambridge'sComputerLaboratory.(2)

DrGuneswillbespeakingaboutherresearchattheHayFestivalon1stJuneandsaysweneedto

movebeyondsensationalistportrayalsofhuman-likerobot.HerHaytalkwillcentreonhuman

robotinteraction[HRI]andhowitcanbeusedforourbenefit,forinstance,forhelpingchildren

withautismlearnhowtoreadexpressionsandtostimulatethesensesofelderlypeopleincare.

(3)

DrGuneswilloutlinehowHRIworks.Shesaysithastobebelievableinordertobeeffective.That

meansrobots/appearanceisveryimportant.Thisiswhathasdriventhedevelopmentof

humanoidrobotswitharmsandaspectsofahumanfacewhichcanbehaveinahuman-likeway,

forinstance,movingtheirarms,legsandeyes.However;moreimportantthanappearanceis

theirbehaviourandemotionalexpressivity.DrGunesreferstothewaywerelatetoDisney's

animatedcharacters.''Peoplebelieveinthembecausetheycanportrayemotion/shesays.(4)

Toachieveexpressivityrequiresanunderstandingofhowhumanemotionsareportrayedand

triggered.Scientistshavebeenworkingonartificialemotionalintelligencewhichenablesnew

technologysuchasembodiedagentsandrobotstobothexpressanddetectemo:ions,

understandingnon-verbalcues.DrGunescitestheworkofCharlesDarwinonthevisualnatureof

emotionsandhowtheycarbemappedtovariouschangesinfacialexpressions.(5)

Herresearchinvestigateshowhumanoidscanbeprogrammednotonlytoextractandrespondto

facialcluestoemotions,butalsotounderstandthecontextinwhichthoseemotionsare

expressed.Thatmeanstheywillbeabletoofferaresponsethatissensitivetospecificconrexts.

(6)

Willrobotseverbeabletohaveemotionsthemselvesthough?DrGunessaysthereisnoreason

whynotandquestionswhatemotionsare.Theprocessofworkingwithrobotsonartificial

emotionalintelligenceunpicksthenatureofouremotions,showingthemtobealayeringof

differentgoals,experiencesandstimuli.(7)

Anotherareawhichscientistsarelookingatintheirquesttoimprovehumanoids'believabilityis

personality.DrGuneshasdonealotofworkonpersonalityintelepresencerobotics,robots

controlledremotelybyahuman—akindof3Davatar.Thesecanbeusedinmanyways,for

instance,bymedicalstafftoofferremotehomecare.Themedicalpersoncanbebasedanyv/here

andoperatetherobotthroughavirtualheadset.DrGunesisinterestedinhowpeoplereactto

theteleoperator(thehumancontrollingtherobotremotely)whoispresentinrobotform.Once

again,boththerobot'