黑龙江省鸡西市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1黑龙江省鸡西市部分学校2025-2026学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChildrenarenaturallycreative,buttheyneedtherightenvironmenttohelpthiscreativitygrow.Bygivingchildrenenoughtime,space,andfreedom,ourworkshopcanencouragethemtothinkindependently,solveproblems,andimaginenewideas.Childrenoftenshowtheircreativitythroughplayfulproblem-solvingthatinvolvesplanningprojects,buildingstructures,andcreatingstories.Thishappensbestinenvironmentswherechildrenhavethefreedomtothinkforthemselves,spacetomoveabout,plentyofnaturalandopen-endedmaterials,andthesupportofobservant,thoughtfuladults.Duringthisworkshop,wewilluncoverkeyelementsofoutdoorclassroomsthatuniquelysupportchildren’screativityandlearning.Yourkidswillleavethisworkshopwitharenewedsenseofcreativityandthetoolsto:·Identifythespecificqualitiesoftime,space,materialsandrelationshipsthatmostfullysupportchildren’screativityandproblem-solving.·Userefinedobservationanddocumentationtechniquestoidentifyresearch-basedprinciplesinaction.·Applyinsightsgainedthroughobservationandreflectiontotheirlearningpractices.Focus:OutdoorClassroomDesigns,WholeChildDevelopment,Adult-ChildRelationships,DocumentingLearning.Thelengthofeachsession(活动):Twohours.Subscribe:ClickthebuttonSubscribeandfillouttheform.Stayintheknow:·ClickthebuttonLet’schat.Ourclientrelationshipteamisreadytotalkwithyou.·Receivethelatestworkshopupdates,news,andresourcesinourmonthlynewsletter.1.Whatistheaimoftheworkshop?A.Toimproveseniorstudents’testscores. B.Tointroducethelatestteachingtechnology.C.Tosupportkids’creativityandlearning. D.Totrainteachersinclassroommanagement.2.Howlongwilleachsessionoftheworkshoplast?A.Halfanhour. B.Onehour. C.Twohours. D.Halfaday.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Atextbook. C.Adiaryentry. D.Anewsreport.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个助力儿童创造力发展的工作坊，包括其作用、核心内容、活动时长及订阅方式。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Childrenarenaturallycreative,buttheyneedtherightenvironmenttohelpthiscreativitygrow.Bygivingchildrenenoughtime,space,andfreedom,ourworkshopcanencouragethemtothinkindependently,solveproblems,andimaginenewideas.(儿童天生具有创造力，但他们需要合适的环境来帮助这种创造力成长。通过给孩子足够的时间、空间和自由，我们的工作坊可以鼓励他们独立思考、解决问题和想象新想法。)”以及第二段中的“Duringthisworkshop,wewilluncoverkeyelementsofoutdoorclassroomsthatuniquelysupportchildren’screativityandlearning.(在本次工作坊中，我们将探索户外教室中独特支持儿童创造力和学习的关键要素。)”可知，该工作坊的目的是支持儿童的创造力和学习。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文中的“Thelengthofeachsession(活动):Twohours.(每次活动时长：两小时。)”可知，工作坊每次活动持续两小时。故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文中的“Subscribe:ClickthebuttonSubscribeandfillouttheform.(订阅：点击“订阅”按钮并填写表格。)”以及“・ClickthebuttonLet’schat.Ourclientrelationshipteamisreadytotalkwithyou.(・点击“让我们聊天”按钮。我们的客户关系团队随时准备与您沟通。)”可知，文本中出现“点击按钮”等操作提示，由此可推断，这篇文章很可能来自一个网站。故选A项。BIn2019,SarahWildman’sdaughter,Orli,wasonly10yearsoldwhendoctorsfoundthatshehadhepatoblastoma,aseriousillness.Thenewschangedthefamily’sliferightaway.Asawriterforamagazine,Wildmandecidedtodocumentherdaughter’slonganddifficultjourney,hopingtoshowotherswhatitreallymeanttolivewiththedisease.Inherarticles,WildmandescribedthepainOrliwentthroughduringhertreatment.Wildmanbelievedsheunderstoodpain,butseeingherchildsuffermadeherrealizehowdeepandheavypaincouldbe.Itwassomethingshehadnevertrulyknownbefore.However,thestorywasnotonlyaboutillnessandpain.Moreimportantly,itwasaboutOrli’sstrongspiritandloveforlife.Despitethegreatchallengesbroughtonbyhercondition,Orlichosetofacethemwithasmileandtriedtoenjoylifeinheruniqueway.“Hopeisadrivingforce,”Wildmansaid.“Itishopethatpushesustoseekoutnewtreatments,tofightformoredays,moremonths,maybeevenyears.”Throughoutcountlessroundsoftreatmentandsurgery(手术),Orlineverletgoofherloveforlife.Sherepeatedlyremindedthosearoundherthateverysingledaywasworthlivingtothefullest.Inthehospital,Orlirefusedtoletlifebecomedull.Sheplayedmusic,dancedinthehallways,andinvitednursestojoininthefun.Sheevenchoseherfavoritesongsbeforesurgery,turningscarymomentsintosomethingwarmandfamiliar.Orlineverallowedherselftobeseenonlyasapatient.Throughherenergy,joy,andhope,Orlitouchedthelivesofeveryonearoundher,showingtheworldthateveninthefaceofthegreatestchallenges,onecanstillchoosetosmileandembrace(拥抱)lifewithopenarms.4.WhydidWildmandecidetowriteaboutherdaughter’sillness?A.Toshareapersonalexperience. B.Topraisedoctors’endlessefforts.C.Tohighlightmedicalknowledge. D.Toshowhowtoattendtosickkids.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesOrli?A.Humorous. B.Determined. C.Easy-going. D.Sharp-eyed.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dull”inparagraph4mean?A.Lively. B.Boring. C.Restless. D.Peaceful.7.WhatcanwelearnfromOrli’sstory?A.Familysupportsolvesallproblems. B.Illnessalwaysbringspeoplecloser.C.Musicisthebestwaytoreducepain. D.Apositivespiritcangivevaluetolife.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Wildman记录女儿Orli患癌后的治疗经历。Orli虽饱受病痛，却始终乐观坚强、热爱生活，用积极态度感染身边人，告诉人们希望与乐观能赋予生命意义。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Asawriterforamagazine,Wildmandecidedtodocumentherdaughter’slonganddifficultjourney,hopingtoshowotherswhatitreallymeanttolivewiththedisease.(作为一名杂志撰稿人，威尔德曼决定记录下她女儿那段漫长而艰难的历程，希望能向其他人展示患有这种疾病的人的真实生活状态)”可知，威尔德曼决定写关于她女儿患病的事情是为了分享一段个人经历。故选A。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Moreimportantly,itwasaboutOrli’sstrongspiritandloveforlife.(更重要的是，这体现了奥利坚强的意志以及她对生活的热爱)”可知，奥利的性格坚强。故选B。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Sheplayedmusic,dancedinthehallways,andinvitednursestojoininthefun.Sheevenchoseherfavoritesongsbeforesurgery,turningscarymomentsintosomethingwarmandfamiliar.Orlineverallowedherselftobeseenonlyasapatient.(她会演奏音乐，在走廊里翩翩起舞，还会邀请护士一同参与欢乐的活动。手术前，她还会挑选自己最喜爱的歌曲，将那些令人恐惧的时刻变得温馨而熟悉起来。奥利从不让自己仅仅被视为一名患者)”可知，提到Orli在医院玩音乐、跳舞，把术前的可怕时刻变得有趣，说明她不愿让医院生活变得枯燥无聊，故划线词意思是“无聊的”，与boring同义。故选B。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Throughherenergy,joy,andhope,Orlitouchedthelivesofeveryonearoundher,showingtheworldthateveninthefaceofthegreatestchallenges,onecanstillchoosetosmileandembrace(拥抱)lifewithopenarms.(通过她的活力、快乐和希望，奥利影响了她周围每一个人的生活，向世人展示了即使在面临最严峻的挑战时，人们依然可以选择微笑并张开双臂拥抱生活)”可知，奥莉的故事告诉我们积极的心态能赋予生活以价值。故选D。CManyparentsdonotunderstandwhytheirteensoccasionallybehaveinadangerousway.Attimes,itseemsliketeensdon’tthinkthingsthroughorfullyconsidertheresultsoftheiractions.Teensdifferfromadultsinthewaytheybehave,solveproblems,andmakedecisions.Thereisabiologicalexplanationforthisdifference.Studiesshowthatbrainscontinuetodevelopthroughoutchildhoodandteenageyearsandwellintoearlyadulthood.Scientistshaveconfirmed(确认)aspecificareaofthebraincalledtheamygdalathatisresponsibleforimmediatereactions,includingfearandaggressivebehavior.Thisareadevelopsearly.However,thefrontalcortex,theareaofthebrainthathelpspeoplethinkcarefully,controlbehavior,andmakewisedecisions,developslater.Unliketheamygdala,thefrontalcortexisnotfullymature(成熟)untiladulthood.Otherchangesinthebrainduringteenageyearsincludearapidincreaseintheconnectionsbetweenthebraincells,makingthebrainpathwaysmoreeffective.Nervecellsdevelopmyelin,whichhelpscellscommunicate.Allthesechangesareimportantforthedevelopmentofcoordinated(协调的)thought,action,andbehavior.Picturesofthebraininactionshowthatteens’brainsworkdifferentlyfromadults’whentheymakedecisionsorsolveproblems.Theiractionsareguidedmorebytheemotionalandreactiveamygdalaandlessbythethoughtful,logicalfrontalcortex.Studiesalsoindicatethatdrinkingalcoholduringtheteenageyearscanchangeordelaythesedevelopments.Thesebraindifferencesdon’tmeanthatyoungpeoplecan’tmakegooddecisionsortellthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong.Italsodoesn’tmeanthattheyshouldn’tbeheldresponsiblefortheiractions.However,anawarenessofthesedifferencescanhelpparents,teachers,andothersunderstandandmanagethebehaviorofteensduringthisimportantstageofgrowth.8.Whydoteensoftenactdifferentlyfromadultsaccordingtothetext?A.Theirbrainsarestilldeveloping. B.Theiramygdalaiseasiertocontrol.C.Theybadlyneedlifeexperience. D.Theyaremoreinfluencedbyothers.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthefrontalcortex?A.Itleadstoquickemotionalreactions. B.Itmatureslateandcontrolsreasoning.C.Itiscompletelyformedinchildhood. D.Itworksmainlywithbodymovements.10.Studiesshowthatteens’decision-makingismoreimpactedby_______.A.theiractions B.learnedknowledge C.theirfeelings D.long-termplanning11.Whatdoestheauthorexpectparentsandteacherstodo?A.Forceteenstobehavewell. B.Treatteens’mistakeslightly.C.Documentimportantevents. D.Understandandguideteens.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍青少年与成年人行为不同的生理原因，即大脑发育差异，及该认知对家长和教师的意义。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Teensdifferfromadultsinthewaytheybehave,solveproblems,andmakedecisions.Thereisabiologicalexplanationforthisdifference.Studiesshowthatbrainscontinuetodevelopthroughoutchildhoodandteenageyearsandwellintoearlyadulthood.(青少年在行为、解决问题和做决定的方式上与成年人不同。这种差异有生物学上的解释。研究表明，大脑在整个童年、青少年时期乃至成年早期都在持续发育)”可知，青少年的行为常与成年人不同，是因为他们的大脑仍在发育中。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However,thefrontalcortex,theareaofthebrainthathelpspeoplethinkcarefully,controlbehavior,andmakewisedecisions,developslater.Unliketheamygdala,thefrontalcortexisnotfullymature(成熟)untiladulthood.(然而，大脑中帮助人们仔细思考、控制行为和做出明智决定的前额叶皮层发育较晚。与杏仁核不同，前额叶皮层要到成年后才能完全成熟)”可知，前额叶皮层发育较晚，且负责控制推理、做出明智决定。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theiractionsareguidedmorebytheemotionalandreactiveamygdalaandlessbythethoughtful,logicalfrontalcortex.(他们的行为更多地由情绪化、反应性的杏仁核引导，而较少由深思熟虑、逻辑性的前额叶皮层引导)”可知，青少年的决策更多地受情绪影响。故选C项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“However,anawarenessofthesedifferencescanhelpparents,teachers,andothersunderstandandmanagethebehaviorofteensduringthisimportantstageofgrowth.(然而，了解这些差异可以帮助家长、教师和其他人在青少年这一重要成长阶段理解和管理他们的行为)”可知，作者希望家长和教师理解并引导青少年。故选D项。DFast-movingbirdslikegoshawkscanflyquicklythroughthickforestswithouthittingtrees.Theyseemtoavoiddangernaturallywhilemovingathighspeed.However,researchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havediscoveredthatthereisaspeedlimit.Ifbirdsordrones(无人机)gofasterthanthislimit,acrashisunavoidable.Thefindingmayhelpscientistsdesignbetterunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs)bylearningfromhowbirdsfly.MostUAVsarecurrentlydesignedtoflyatrelativelyslowspeed,allowingthemtostopbeforereachingtheedgeoftheirfieldofview.Youmightthinkthataddingmoresensorswouldallowdronestoflyfasterandsafer,butMITaerospaceengineerEmilioFrazzolisaysotherwise.Frazzoliandhisteamcreatedamathematicalmodelthatshowsabirdordroneflyingthroughcrowdedspaces,suchasforestsorcities,willalwayscrashonceitreachesacertainspeed,nomatterhowmuchitknowsaboutitssurroundings.Theteambelievesthatbirdsavoidthisproblembyjudgingthedensity(密度)oftheirenvironmentandchangingtheirspeedaccordingly,knowingthattheycanalwaysfindagaptoflythrough.Thisallowsabirdtoflymuchfasterthanifitjustdependsonthelimitsofitsvision.Frazzolisaysthatskiersuseasimilarmethod.“Whenyougoskiingoffthepath,youdon’tskiinawaythatyoucanalwaysstopbeforethefirsttreeyousee,”hesays.“Youskiandyouseeanopening,andthenyoutrustthatonceyougothere,you’llbeabletoseeanotheropeningandkeepgoing.”FrazzoliisnowworkingwithbiologistsatHarvardUniversitytoconfirmwhetherhismodelmatchesthebehaviourofrealbirds.Histeamisalsodesigningaflyingvideogametotesthowwellhumanscanmovethroughavirtualforestathighspeed,toseehowcloseplayerscangettothetheoreticallimitpredicted(预测)bythemodel.12.WhyaremostUAVsdesignedtoflyatlowspeedatpresent?A.Tostopsafelywithintheirview. B.Toavoidlosingsignalsinforests.C.Toreducedamagefromcrashes. D.Tosavepowerduringlongflights.13.Howarebirdsabletoflyfasterindenseforests?A.Theycanseeblocksearlierthanmostmachines.B.Theydependonsharpereyesightthanmachines.C.Theyadjustspeedbasedonthespacearoundthem.D.Theyfollowthefixedpathsbetweentoweringtrees.14.WhydoesFrazzolimentionskiinginparagraph5?A.Tocompareskiingskillswithbirdflight. B.Todescribedangerswhileskiingoffpaths.C.Topresentapopularsportseventinwinter. D.Togiveanexampleofsafefastmovement.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.BirdsTeachUsHowtoGetaSenseofDirection B.SpeedLimitforBirdsCouldMeanBetterUAVsC.AdvancedUAVsWillComeontheMarketSoon D.FlyingVideoGamesHelpTestHumanReactions【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍麻省理工学院研究发现鸟类安全飞行存在一个速度极限，这一发现可以帮助科学家改进无人机设计。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“MostUAVsarecurrentlydesignedtoflyatrelativelyslowspeed,allowingthemtostopbeforereachingtheedgeoftheirfieldofview.(目前大多数无人机的设计飞行速度相对较慢，这样它们能够在到达视野边缘之前停下来)”可知，目前无人机设计成低速是为了能在自身视野范围内安全停下，故选A。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theteambelievesthatbirdsavoidthisproblembyjudgingthedensity(密度)oftheirenvironmentandchangingtheirspeedaccordingly,knowingthattheycanalwaysfindagaptoflythrough.Thisallowsabirdtoflymuchfasterthanifitjustdependsonthelimitsofitsvision.(该团队认为，鸟类通过判断其环境的密度并相应地改变飞行速度来避免这个问题，它们知道总能找到一个缝隙飞过去。这使得鸟类能够飞行得比仅仅依靠其视觉极限时更快)”可知，鸟类通过判断环境密度、根据周围空间调整速度来实现在密林中快速飞行，故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。第四段介绍了鸟类快速安全飞行的方法，最后一句“Frazzolisaysthatskiersuseasimilarmethod.(Frazzoli表示，滑雪者也使用了类似的方法)”提到滑雪者也采用类似的方法，第五段““Whenyougoskiingoffthepath,youdon’tskiinawaythatyoucanalwaysstopbeforethefirsttreeyousee,”hesays.“Youskiandyouseeanopening,andthenyoutrustthatonceyougothere,you’llbeabletoseeanotheropeningandkeepgoing.”(“当你从固定路线偏离出去滑雪时，你不会以一种总能在看到第一棵树之前停下来的方式滑雪，”他说，“你滑雪，看到一个空隙，然后就相信一旦你进入那个空隙，就能看到另一个空隙，并继续前行。”)”可知，提到滑雪是对上文“安全快速移动”方法的举例说明，故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Ifbirdsordrones(无人机)gofasterthanthislimit,acrashisunavoidable.Thefindingmayhelpscientistsdesignbetterunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs)bylearningfromhowbirdsfly.(如果鸟类或无人机的速度超过这个限制，就会不可避免地发生碰撞。这一发现可能有助于科学家从鸟类的飞行方式中汲取经验，设计出更出色的无人驾驶飞行器)”可知，全文围绕“麻省理工学院研究发现鸟类安全飞行存在一个速度极限，这一发现可以帮助科学家改进无人机设计”展开，B选项“鸟类的飞行速度极限或可助力研发更好的无人机”准确概括主旨，故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Writingashortstorycanbechallengingbecauseitneedstoincludeallthekeypartsofanovelinamuchsmallerspace.However,ashorterlengthalsogiveswritersmorefreedomtofocusonimportantdetails.____16____.Tothisend,weputtogetherthefollowingtipsthatmayhelpyouplanyournextshortstory.First,startbybrainstormingideas.____17____.Oneclearandinterestingideaisenoughtobegin.Whenanideacomestoyou,taketimetothinkaboutit.Youcanusewritingprompts(提示)togetinspired.Writedownanythinguseful,suchascharacters,places,orlinesofdialoguethatcometomind.Next,decideonthemainconflictofyourstory.Theconflictistheproblemthatdrivesthestoryforward.Tocreateconflict,youneedtoknowwhatyourmaincharacterwantsandwhatstopsthemfromgettingit.____18____,suchasfearordoubt,oroutside,suchasanotherpersonoradifficultsituation.Then,createabriefsummaryofthestory.Planthemaineventsandimportantmomentsbetweencharacters.____19____,andonlyincludedetailsthathelpdevelopthemainideaofthestory.____20____.Manyshortstoriesworkwellinfirst-person,butthere’snohardandfastrulesayingyoursmust:Ifyourstoryneedstobetoldinsecond-personorthird-person,thatworks,too.Whicheverpointofviewyouchoose,focusononemaincharactertokeepthestoryclearandeasytofollow.A.Finally,pickapointofviewB.YoudonotneedmanyideasatonceC.ChoosebackgroundinformationcarefullyD.TheconflictcancomefrominsidethecharacterE.It’sbesttocenterthatdescriptionaroundonemaincharacterF.Insummary,ensureacontinuousreadonthesituationathandG.Withcarefulplanning,youcancreateaclearandpowerfulstory【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.C20.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写短篇小说的相关技巧。【16题详析】上文“Writingashortstorycanbechallengingbecauseitneedstoincludeallthekeypartsofanovelinamuchsmallerspace.However,ashorterlengthalsogiveswritersmorefreedomtofocusonimportantdetails.(写短篇小说很有挑战性，因为它需要在更小的空间里包含小说的所有关键部分。然而，较短的篇幅也让作者有更多的自由来关注重要的细节。)”指出写短篇小说有挑战性，但也有优势，即能让作者更自由地关注重要细节。G项“Withcarefulplanning,youcancreateaclearandpowerfulstory(通过精心规划，你可以创作出一个清晰而有力的故事)”承接上文，说明通过精心规划，作者可以利用短篇小说的优势创作出好故事，并且于下文的建议，符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】上文“First,startbybrainstormingideas.(首先，从头脑风暴开始。)”提出写短篇小说的第一步是头脑风暴想出想法。下文“Oneclearandinterestingideaisenoughtobegin.(一个清晰有趣的想法就足以开始了。)”说明一个想法就足够开始创作了。B项“Youdonotneedmanyideasatonce(你不需要一下子想出很多想法)”与下文相呼应，强调不需要很多想法，符合语境。故选B。【18题详析】上文“Tocreateconflict,youneedtoknowwhatyourmaincharacterwantsandwhatstopsthemfromgettingit.(为了创造冲突，你需要知道你的主角想要什么，以及是什么阻止了他们得到它。)”说明创造冲突需要了解主角的欲望和阻碍。下文“suchasfearordoubt,oroutside,suchasanotherpersonoradifficultsituation(比如恐惧或怀疑，或者外部的，比如另一个人或一个困难的处境)”是对冲突来源的具体举例。D项“Theconflictcancomefrominsidethecharacter(冲突可以来自角色内部)”与下文相呼应，说明冲突可以来自角色内部，符合语境。故选D。【19题详析】上文“Then,createabriefsummaryofthestory.Planthemaineventsandimportantmomentsbetweencharacters.(然后，为故事创建一个简短的摘要。规划主要事件和角色之间的重要时刻。)”提出要为故事创建摘要并规划主要事件。下文“andonlyincludedetailsthathelpdevelopthemainideaofthestory(并且只包括有助于发展故事主题的细节)”说明摘要中应只包含有助于发展故事主题的细节。C项“Choosebackgroundinformationcarefully(谨慎选择背景信息)”与上下文相呼应，强调在创建摘要时要谨慎选择背景信息，符合语境。故选C。【20题详析】下文“Manyshortstoriesworkwellinfirst-person,butthere’snohardandfastrulesayingyoursmust:Ifyourstoryneedstobetoldinsecond-personorthird-person,thatworks,too.Whicheverpointofviewyouchoose,focusononemaincharactertokeepthestoryclearandeasytofollow.(许多短篇小说用第一人称写得很好，但并没有硬性规定说你必须这样做：如果你的故事需要用第二人称或第三人称来讲述，那也行。无论你选择哪种视角，都要关注一个主要角色，以保持故事清晰易懂。)”讨论人称视角的选择（第一人称、第二人称、第三人称），并建议聚焦一个主要角色。A项“Finally,pickapointofview(最后，选择一个视角)”直接点明本段核心，与下文内容吻合。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共四节，满分55分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Atthebeginningofmyresearchlife,Ibecamehighlycompetitive.Ipushedmyselfto____21____excitingresultsandpublishintopjournalsassoonaspossible.Slowly,Ididn’tseemycoworkersaspossiblepartners.Instead,Itreatedthemas____22____andfeltunhappyaroundthem.However,thiswayofthinkingbroughtthe____23____result.WheneverIencounteredascientificproblem,Ihadto____24____italone.IwasafraidtoaskforhelpbecauseIdidnotwanttolook____25____.Asthepressure____26____,Ifelttired,lonely,andconfused.Myworkdidnotimprove,andmyproductivity____27____.Eventually,Iemailedmymentor(导师)andtoldhimthe____28____abouthowIwasfeeling.His____29____mademefeelrelieved(宽慰的).Hesaidmanyresearchershad____30____similarstruggles.Heencouragedmetoslowdownandtakea____31____.Withhissupport,Idecidedtostepawayfrommyresearchforawhile.Backhome,Ispenttimewithfamilyandfriendsandopenedupaboutmystress.Atfirst,Iwas____32____.Butsoon,myfamilyandfriendsbegantosharetheirdifficulties,too.Somecoworkersalso____33____meandtalkedaboutwhattheyhadsufferedinacademiclife.Ourrelationshipsbecamecloser,andInolongerfeltalone.Threemonthslater,I____34____toresearchwithanewmindset—tobemoreopenwithmycoworkers.Workingwithothersand____35____helpdoesn’tweakenmyvalue;itmeanswecanallwin.21.A.design B.produce C.collect D.record22.A.leaders B.judges C.competitors D.neighbors23.A.opposite B.personal C.expected D.cheering24.A.repeat B.solve C.skip D.copy25.A.patient B.careful C.proud D.weak26.A.grew B.stopped C.started D.lost27.A.increased B.stayed C.dropped D.doubled28.A.excuse B.joke C.guess D.truth29.A.silence B.response C.ranking D.lifestyle30.A.gonethrough B.belongedto C.passeddown D.resultedfrom31.A.plan B.chance C.risk D.break32.A.retired B.satisfied C.ashamed D.excited33.A.ignored B.contacted C.replaced D.questioned34.A.admitted B.listened C.objected D.returned35.A.seeking B.offering C.hiding D.refusing【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在科研生涯初期变得极度争强好胜，将同事视为竞争对手，独自面对科研问题，最终陷入孤独的困境，而后向导师倾诉，在导师的建议下休整，以全新的心态回归科研，明白合作与寻求帮助的重要性。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我督促自己尽快做出令人振奋的研究成果，并在顶级期刊上发表。A.design设计；B.produce做出；C.collect收集；D.record记录。根据前文“Atthebeginningofmyresearchlife,Ibecamehighlycompetitive.(在我的科研生涯初期，我变得极度争强好胜)”可知，争强好胜的作者会督促自己尽快做出研究成果。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我把他们当作竞争对手，在他们身边我感到不开心。A.leaders领导者；B.judges裁判；C.competitors竞争对手；D.neighbors邻居。根据前文“Slowly,Ididn’tseemycoworkersaspossiblepartners.(渐渐地，我不再把同事视为潜在的合作伙伴)”可知，作者不将同事看作伙伴，反而将其视作对立面，可推断作者把同事当作了竞争对手。故选C。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种想法带来了相反的结果。A.opposite相反的；B.personal个人的；C.expected预期的；D.cheering令人振奋的。根据后文“Ifelttired,lonely,andconfused.(我感到疲惫，孤独和困惑)”可知，作者的想法带来了相反的结果。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当遇到科学问题，我都不得不独自解决。A.repeat重复；B.solve解决；C.skip跳过；D.copy复制。根据前文“Ididn’tseemycoworkersaspossiblepartners.(我不把同事看作潜在的合作伙伴)”可知，不把同事当作伙伴的作者只能独自解决科研问题。故选B。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不敢寻求帮助，因为我不想显得软弱。A.patient耐心的；B.careful小心的；C.proud骄傲的；D.weak软弱的。根据首段首句中的“Ibecamehighlycompetitive(我变得极度争强好胜)”可推断，作者本人争强好胜，因此不想显得软弱而不愿求助。故选D。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着压力越来越大，我感到疲惫、孤独和困惑。A.grew增加；B.stopped停止；C.started开始；D.lost失去。根据后文“Ifelttired,lonely,andconfused.(我感到疲惫、孤独和困惑)”可知，作者的压力不断增加，才产生了这些负面感受。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的工作没有起色，工作效率也下降了。A.increased增加；B.stayed保持；C.dropped下降；D.doubled翻倍。根据前文“Myworkdidnotimprove(我的工作没有起色)”和并列连词and可知，前后句呈现顺承关系，作者的工作不仅没有进步，效率还出现了下降。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我给导师发了邮件，告诉了他我的真实感受。A.excuse借口；B.joke玩笑；C.guess猜测；D.truth实情。根据后文“abouthowIwasfeeling(关于我的感受)”可知，作者讲述了自己的实情。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的回应让我感到宽慰。A.silence沉默；B.response回应；C.ranking排名；D.lifestyle生活方式。根据后文“Hesaidmanyresearchershad____similarstruggles.(他说很多研究人员都____过类似的困境)”可知，导师对作者的倾诉作出了回应。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他说很多研究人员都经历过类似的困境。A.gonethrough经历；B.belongedto属于；C.passeddown传承；D.resultedfrom由……引起。根据后文“similarstruggles(类似的困境)”可知，导师告诉作者很多研究人员都曾经历过这样的困境。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我放慢脚步，休息一下。A.plan计划；B.chance机会；C.risk风险；D.break休息。根据后文“Withhissupport,Idecidedtostepawayfrommyresearchforawhile.(在他的支持下，我决定暂时放下研究)”可知，导师建议作者稍作休息。故选D。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我感到很羞愧。A.retired退休的；B.satisfied满意的；C.ashamed难为情的；D.excited兴奋的。根据前文“openedupaboutmystress(倾诉自己的压力)”和后文“Butsoon,myfamilyandfriendsbegantosharetheirdifficulties,too.(但很快，我的家人和朋友也开始分享他们的难处)”可知，作者起初因倾诉压力而感到难为情。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些同事也联系了我，和我聊了他们在学术生涯中遭遇的事。A.ignored忽视；B.contacted联系；C.replaced取代；D.questioned质疑。根据后文“talkedaboutwhattheyhadsufferedinacademiclife(和我聊了他们在学术生涯中遭遇的事)”可知，同事们主动联系作者并交流心声。故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我带着全新的心态回到了研究工作中——对同事更加开放。A.admitted承认；B.listened倾听；C.objected反对；D.returned回归。根据前文“Idecidedtostepawayfrommyresearchforawhile.(我决定暂时放下研究)”和后文“withanewmindset(带着全新的心态)”可知，休整过后的作者回归了科研工作。故选D。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与他人合作并寻求帮助并不会降低我的价值；这意味着我们都能成功。A.seeking寻求；B.offering提供；C.hiding隐藏；D.refusing拒绝。根据前文“Iwasafraidtoaskforhelp(我不敢寻求帮助)”和后文“helpdoesn’tweakenmyvalue;itmeanswecanallwin.(帮助并不会降低我的价值；这意味着我们都能成功)”可知，作者改变了心态，明白寻求帮助并非是软弱的表现，与他人合作并寻求帮助不会降低自身价值。故选A。第二节单词填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下列各题，根据每题所给的提示在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式，使句子意思完整正确。36.You’dbettereatjustasmalls________insteadofwolfingdownamainmeal.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】snack【详析】考查名词。句意：你最好只吃一点小点心，而不是狼吞虎咽地吃下一大顿正餐。由insteadofwolfingdownamainmeal可知，此处表示“你最好只吃一点小点心”，由首字母提示s可知，是名词snack“小吃”，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填snack。37.Abicycleisoftenmorec________thanacarintowns.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】convenient【详析】考查形容词。句意：在城镇里，自行车常常比汽车更方便。设空处使用形容词作表语，根据首字母和句意，此处表示“方便的”用convenient。故填convenient。38.Icanneverfindapeninthishouse.Theyd________assoonasIbuythem.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】disappear【详析】考查动词和时态。句意：我在这房子里找不到一支笔。我一买它们，它们就消失了。根据“Icanneverfindapeninthishouse”和首字母可知，找不到钢笔,说明它们消失了，disappear“消失”，根据“buy”可知，此句是一般现在时,主语they是复数形式，动词用原形，故填disappear。39.Shewasearmarkedearlyasapossible________(冠军).(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】champion【详析】考查冠词。句意：她很早就被认定为有望夺冠的选手。根据汉语提示“冠军”可知，此处为名词champion，作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填champion。40.Whentheyplannedto________(装饰)thebedroom,itwasJemmawhohadthefinalsay.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】decorate【详析】考查动词。句意：当他们打算装修卧室时，最终说了算的是杰玛。plantodosth.“打算做某事”是固定搭配，空处应填动词原形，表示“装饰”用动词decorate。故填decorate。41.Wearedoingourbestwiththe__________(有限的)resourcesavailable.（根据汉语提示填空）【答案】limited【详析】考查形容词。句意：我们正在尽最大努力，利用有限的可用资源。根据所给汉语提示，应是形容词limited，修饰名词resources。故填limited。42.Theprojectistakingalongtimebutisnownearing________(complete).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】completion【详析】考查名词。句意：这个项目耗时很长，但现在已接近完成。isnearing是谓语动词，要接名词作宾语；complete的名词是completion，且是不可数名词，无单复数的变化。故填completion。43.Their______(harmony)relationshipresultedfromtheirsimilargoals.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】harmonious【详析】考查形容词。句意：他们的和谐关系源于他们相似的目标。形容词harmonious作定语，修饰名词relationship。故填harmonious。44.Ibelieveyouhavea__________(complain)againstoneofournurses.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】complaint【详析】考查名词。句意：我认为你对我们的一名护士有投诉。空处应填名词作主语，complaint“投诉，抱怨”符合题意，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填complaint。45.________(original),wehadintendedtogotoItaly,butthenwewonthetriptoGreece.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Originally【详析】考查副词。句意：起初，我们原本打算去意大利的，但后来我们获得了去希腊的旅行机会。空处修饰but前的简单句，应用original的副词形式originally，意为“起初，最初”，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Originally。第三节单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。46.Wemanaged________(get)totheairportintime.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】toget【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们设法及时赶到了机场。managetodosth.是固定搭配，表示“设法做成某事”，此处为不定式形式todo作宾语。故填toget。47.Weappliedourmindstofindingasolution________theproblem