大学英语精读第一册Unit 3 The present

1、1.AnEnglishSong,HappyBirthdaytoYou,2.BackgroundInformation,FunFactsaboutHappyBirthdaytoYou,ImportantBirthdaysintheWest,BeforeReading_Main,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,DetailedReading,AfterReading,TraditionalBirthdayCelebrationinWesternCountries,3.Warm-upExercises,Warm-upQuestions,Topic-relatedPredict

2、ion,BeforeReading_1.1,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,DetailedReading,AfterReading,HappyBirthdaytoYou,BeforeReading_2.1.1,FunFactsaboutHappyBirthdaytoYou,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,DetailedReading,BeforeReading_2.1.2,HappyBirthdaytoYou,thefour-linesongwaswrittenasaclassroomgreetingin1893by

3、twoAmericanteachers,MildredJ.Hill,andDr.PattySmithHill.ThemelodyofthesongHappyBirthdaytoYouwascomposedbyMildredJ.Hill,aschoolteacher.Thesongwasfirstpublishedin1893,withthelyricswrittenbyhersister,PattySmithHill.HappyBirthdaytoYouwascopyrightedin1935andrenewedin1963.Thesongwasapparentlywrittenin1893,

4、butfirstcopyrightedin1935afteralawsuit.In1988,BirchTreeGroup,Ltd.soldtherightsofthesongtoWarnerCommunicationsforanestimated$25million.Inthe1980s,thesongHappyBirthdaytoYouwasbelievedtogenerateabout$1millioninroyaltiesannually.WithAuldLangSyneandForHesaJollyGoodFellow,itisamongthethreemostpopularsongs

5、intheEnglishlanguage.,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,DetailedReading,AfterReading,BeforeReading_2.2.2,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,familyparty;amajorpresent(watch;car),aspecialwaytocelebrate,thecentennialbirthday,unusualoccasion,mayreceiveatelegramoraletterofcongratulationsfromsomefamousfig

6、ures(PrimeMinisterorQueen),familyparty;countgreatgrandchildrenandgrandchildren,DetailedReading,ImportantBirthdaysintheWest,BeforeReading_2.3.1,TraditionalBirthdayCelebrationinWesternCountries,Summarizethetraditionalwaystocelebratebirthdayinthewest.,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,Saying“Hap

7、pyBirthday”OpeningthepresentsFoodanddrinksareservedTurningoffthelightandlightthecandlesSingingbirthdaysongandmakeawishThebirthdaypersonblowsoutthecandlesonthecakeThebirthdaypersoncutsthecakeTheguestswishthebirthdayperson“happybirthday”againandleave,DetailedReading,Directions:Task,BeforeReading_2.3.2

8、,IntheWest,itiscustomarytoholdapartyincelebrationofapersonsbirthday.Theguestswillcometothepartywithbirthdaypresentsandsay“HappyBirthday”tothebirthdayperson.Thegueststhenwatchhimorheropenthepresentsandheorshethanksthemforthepresentstheyhavebrought.Atthepartydrinksandfoodareserved.Towardtheendofthedin

9、nerthelightsintheroomareturnedoff,andsomeonecomesinfromanotherroomwithacakeonwhicharelightedcandles,oneforeachyear.Atthesightofthecaketheguestsbeginsinging“HappyBirthdaytoYou”andthebirthdaypersonmakesawishbeforeheorsheblowsoutthecandlesonthecake.Itissaidthatthewishwillcometrueifallthecandlesgooutino

10、nepuff.Afterthat,thecakeiscutinslicesusuallybythebirthdayperson,onepieceforeachguest.Whenthepartycomestoanend,theguestswishthebirthdayperson“HappyBirthday”againandleave.,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,DetailedReading,BeforeReading_3.1,Warm-upQuestions,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReadi

11、ng,Howdoesyourfamilycelebratethebirthdaysofyourgrandparents?Howdoyouusuallycelebrateyourbirthday?Whatdoyourparentsdoforyouonthisspecialoccasion?Doyouknowyourparentsbirthday?Whatdoyoudoforthat?,DetailedReading,BeforeReading_3.2.1,Topic-relatedPrediction,1.DictationRelatedtotheText,BeforeReading,Globa

12、lReading,AfterReading,DetailedReading,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,_,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.,_,Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.,_,Inoneoftheletterstherewasacheck,butwithtremblingfingersshetoreitintolittlebits.,BeforeReading_3.2.2,2.FormationofQuestions,Directions:Withthesethreepicturesof

13、theoldladyandthesentencesyouhavedictated,youaregivenfiveminutestoworkinpairstomakeupasmanyquestionsaspossibleaboutthecontentofthestory.,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,DetailedReading,GlobeReading_main,1.PartDivisionoftheText,2.DiscourseAnalysis,3.WordsScanning,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,A

14、fterReading,4.FurtherUnderstanding,ForPart1besureofsomething;putonbestdress;mightcome,concession:,evenif;sendapresent,anotherexpectation:,twospotsofcolor;excitedlikeachild;standbythewindow,watching,disappointment:,feelapangofdisappointment,concession:,theparceltoolargetocomebythepost,completedisappo

15、intment:,reluctantly;acard;apieceofpaper,DetailedReading,GlobeReading.4.11,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,ForPart1introduce,DetailedReading,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhecamedownthestreet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlette

16、rsontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntforgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,

17、butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermother,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,Article1_W_readyforsth,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,readyforsth.:preparedandfitforuse,准备好上课了吗？,Areyoureadyforclass?,Collocation:,bere

18、adytodosth.,准备好做某事,准备听写。,Getreadyfordictation.,DetailedReading,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhecamedownthestreet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntfo

19、rgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermothe

20、r,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,Article1_W_post,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,post:,n.letters,parcel,etc.,圣诞节时信件很多。,ThereisalwaysalotofpostatChristmas.,Pleasepostthisletteratthepostoffice,dontpostitintheboxatthecorner.,v.take(aletter,parcel)toapostoffic

21、eorputintoacollectionboxforsending,DetailedReading,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermother,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhecamedownthest

22、reet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntforgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.,Itwasth

23、eoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,Article1_W_rare.1,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,rare:adj.,1)unusual;notoftenhappeningorseen,Itisrareforhertogooutatnight.,TheTibetansareusedtotherareairaroundtheHimalayas.,2)(ofasubstance,esp.atmosphere)thin,notdense,CF:,r

24、are,occasionaltimewhensth.happens,Prof.Smithisnotastrangertous.Wevemethimonseveraloccasions.,Collocation:,ontheoccasionof,在场合下,onoccasion,（=sometimes）有时,haveanoccasiontodosth.,有机会做某事,onrareoccasion,很少有机会,DetailedReading,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhen

25、hecamedownthestreet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntforgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkfort

26、heaged.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermother,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,Article1_W_make,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,make:(followedbyan

27、objectandcomplement)causetobeorbecome,TheymadehimChairmanoftheStudentsUnion.,Collocation:,makefor,走向，向前进,makefunof,取笑,makeit,办成功，做到,makeout,填写，开列，理解，辨认出,他把他的含意说明白。,Hemadehimselfunderstood.,makeuseof,利用,DetailedReading,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhe

28、camedownthestreet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntforgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyraherselfhadgotamedalforherworkforthe

29、aged.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermother,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,Article1_W_contentto,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,contentto(dosth

30、.):pleasedto(dosth.);satisfiedto(dosth.),Willyoubecontenttowaittilltomorrow?,Pattern:,becontentwith,满足于,那对老年夫妇似乎对整晚坐在电视机前看电视感到满意。,toonesheartscontent,心满意足,DetailedReading,Theoldcoupleseemcontenttositinfrontofthetelevisionallevening.,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfloorflatshecouldseet

31、hepostmanwhenhecamedownthestreet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntforgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyraherselfhadgotamedalf

32、orherworkfortheaged.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermother,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,Article1_W_primary,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,pr

33、imary:adj.,Primaryeducationiscompulsoryinourcountry.,Note:,fora“primaryschool”,Americanpeoplesayas“elementaryschool”.,1)first,asinorder,timeorplace,2)main;firstinimportance,OurhistoryprofessorexplainedtheprimarycauseoftheFirstWorldWar.,DetailedReading,Shegotupearlytobereadyforthepost.Fromthesecondfl

34、oorflatshecouldseethepostmanwhenhecamedownthestreet,andthelittleboyfromthegroundfloorbroughtupherlettersontherareoccasionswhenanythingcame.Todayshewassuretherewouldbesomething.Myrawouldntforgethermothersbirthday,evenifsheseldomwroteatothertimes.OfcourseMyrawasbusy.HerhusbandhadbeenmadeMayor,andMyrah

35、erselfhadgotamedalforherworkfortheaged.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,ThePresent,TheoldladywasproudofMyra,butEnidwasthedaughtersheloved.Enidhadnevermarried,buthadseemedcontenttolivewithhermother,andteachinaprimaryschoolroundthecorner.,Itwastheoldladysbirthday.,Article1_W_round,BeforeReading,GlobalReadin

36、g,AfterReading,round(around)thecorner:verynear;nearby,Theteachingbuildingisjustroundthecorner.,春节就要到了。,TheSpringFestivalisjustroundthecorner.,DetailedReading,Oneevening,however,Enidsaid,“IvearrangedforMrs.Morrisontolookafteryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illso

37、onbehome.”Inthemorningshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinherefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheoldladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsagothatwas,andsincethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday

38、.Shehadputonherbestdress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecadelivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospotsofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_ar

39、rangefor,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,arrangefor:makeplansinadvanceabout(sth.forsb.);organizefor(sth.tobedone),Wehavearrangedforthecartocomeatnine.,他去英国安排儿子的教育事宜。,HewenttoEnglandtoarrangeforhisboyseducation.,DetailedReading,Oneevening,however,Enidsaid,“IvearrangedforMrs.Morrisontolookaft

40、eryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illsoonbehome.”Inthemorningshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinherefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheoldladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsagothatwas,andsincethenM

41、yrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecadelivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospotsofcolour

42、brightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_minor,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,minor:adj.smaller;lessimportantorserious,Thehouseisingoodcondition;itneedsjustafewminorrepairs.,Jimhadaminorproblemwithhiscar,buthefixedithimself.,DetailedReading,Oneevening,how

43、ever,Enidsaid,“IvearrangedforMrs.Morrisontolookafteryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illsoonbehome.”Inthemorningshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinherefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheol

44、dladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsagothatwas,andsincethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecadelivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsen

45、dapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospotsofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_operate,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,operate:v,HehashisleftkneeoperatedonlastMonday.,1.performsurgery;work,Doyouknowhowtooperatethismachine?,2.manage;makework,NB:

46、,以上第一条词义中operate作为不及物动词使用；第二条词义中作为及物动词使用。,DetailedReading,Oneevening,however,Enidsaid,“IvearrangedforMrs.Morrisontolookafteryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illsoonbehome.”Inthemorningshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinh

47、erefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheoldladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsagothatwas,andsincethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecad

48、elivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospotsofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_efficient.1,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,efficient:adj.capable,Ourorganizationisasimpleand

49、efficientstructure.,Sinceyouaresobusy,youdoneedaveryefficientsecretary.,effective,侧重产生实际的效果或具有取得预期效果的能力，指人指物都适用。,既然你如此的忙，你确实需要一个很能干的秘书。,CF:,effectivenevertheless,Bobthoughthecouldntgotothepartybecausehehadtoomuchhomework,buthewentafterall.,IthinkweshouldletMarygocampingwithherclassmates.Afterall,she

50、isabiggirlnow.,我想我们应该让玛丽与她的同学去野营。毕竟她现在是个大女孩了。,Collocation:,allbut,几乎，差一点,allinall,总的说来,forall,尽管,aboveall,首先,allatonce,突然,DetailedReading,Oneevening,however,Enidsaid,“IvearrangedforMrs.Morrisontolookafteryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illsoonbehome.”Inthemorni

51、ngshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinherefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheoldladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsagothatwas,andsincethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestd

52、ress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecadelivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospotsofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_endure,BeforeReading,G

53、lobalReading,AfterReading,endure:v.suffer;bear;putupwith,Thecompanyhadtoendureheavyfinanciallosses.,Asafireman,youmustbereadytoendurehardshipsandevensufferdeath.,作为一名消防队员，你必须准备忍受困苦，甚至牺牲自己。,Givemeapainkiller.Icantendureanylonger.,DetailedReading,Oneevening,however,Enidsaid,“IvearrangedforMrs.Morrison

54、tolookafteryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illsoonbehome.”Inthemorningshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinherefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheoldladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsagothatwas,ands

55、incethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecadelivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassureofthat.Twospot

56、sofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_chooseto,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,chooseto:decideto;preferto,Youmaydojustasyouchooseto.,Youcanimproveyourlisteningcomprehensionifyouchooseto.,DetailedReading,Oneevening,however,Enidsaid,“Ivearrangedf

57、orMrs.Morrisontolookafteryouforafewdays,Mother.TomorrowIhavetogointohospitaljustaminoroperation.Illsoonbehome.”Inthemorningshewent,butnevercamebackshediedontheoperatingtable.Myracametothefuneral,andinherefficientwayarrangedforMrs.Morrisontocomeinandlightthefireandgivetheoldladyherbreakfast.Twoyearsa

58、gothatwas,andsincethenMyrahadbeentoseehermotherthreetimes,butherhusbandnever.Theoldladywaseightytoday.Shehadputonherbestdress.PerhapsperhapsMyramightcome.Afterall,eightywasaspecialbirthday,anotherdecadelivedorenduredjustasyouchosetolookatit.EvenifMyradidnotcome,shewouldsendapresent.Theoldladywassure

59、ofthat.Twospotsofcolourbrightenedhercheeks.Shewasexcitedlikeachild.Shewouldenjoyherday.,Article2_W_spot,BeforeReading,GlobalReading,AfterReading,spot:,Itisdifficulttogetridofspotsofinkandblood.,Hehappenedtobeonthespotwhentherobberytookplace.,v.markdifferentincolorfromwhatitison;stain,n.aparticularplace,抢劫案发生时他碰巧在场。,DetailedReading,YesterdayMrs.Morrisonhadgiventheflatanextraclean,andtodayshehadbroughtacardandabunchofm