高考英语语法填空之词性转换类

1、,语法填空第三讲： 有提示词之词性转换,词性转换是语法填空的必考点。这一考点涉及到: (1) 句子成分划分或句子结构分析； (2) 各种词性的语法功能； (3) 构词法特别是派生法 词性转换等多个知识点，是综合性较强的一道题。我们将其主要考点和必备基础归纳如下：,考点1：形容词副词 形容词后+ly可变成与原来意义相同的副词。,考点解密,考点2：名词形容词 (1)名词加不同的后缀变成形容词，常见的后缀有：,(2)形容词变成名词。如：,考点3：形容词动词 (1)形容词可变成动词。如：,某些名词后加-y可变成动词，表示“使化”。如：beautify 美化,(2)动词变成形容词。如：,考点4：动词名词

2、,考点5：名词名词(人),考点6：不变词性的前缀和后缀,注：前缀一般只改变词义而不改变词性： 但en-也改变词性，如：large大的-enlarge扩大，danger危险-endanger危及； 后缀一般改变词性不改变词义，但-ship也不改变词性，如：leader领导-leadership领导阶层；friend朋友-friendship友谊。,要正确解答高考语法填空中的词语派生题，必须弄清要填的词在句子中充当哪种句子成分，作该种成分需要哪种词类的词；然后再根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。 下表归纳了各种句子成分的概念、所处的语境和充当该句子成分的典型词类，这些是做好词语派生题的必备基

3、础，建议同学们理解并熟记：,解题技巧,根据该词在句子所作成分确定用哪种形式。具体方法有：,技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。The youngster immediately fell _ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。 In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to 解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填dangerous。,考点

4、分析,Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _ (interest) in the subject 解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语，用形容词；表示”感兴趣的”，填interested。,考点分析,1.In this lecture, I can only give you a purely _ (person) view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the f

5、uture. 2.If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my _(immediately) reaction will be to tell the police.,personal,immediate,巩固练习,技巧2：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式；在形容词性物主代词后，或者在”冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。要注意名词是否用复数形式。如：,考点分析,1. Always read the _ (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of m

6、edicine. 2. On the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular _ (choose) for a wedding in some countries. 3. We take _ (proud) in the prosperity of our country.,instructions,choice,pride,巩固练习,4. the remains date from this period because of their _ (similar) to those found elsewher

7、e. 5. instructors expect students to be familiar with _ (inform) in the reading,similarities,information,巩固练习,技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：,1Volunteering is becoming _ (increase) popular in China. 2 I wasnt blaming anyone; I _ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.,increasingly,merely,考

8、点分析,3.The island is _ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons. 4.Do you think shopping online will _ (final) take the place of shopping in stores?,equally,finally,巩固练习,技巧4：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-等，在词根后加-

9、less等。如：,考点分析,1. With the time going by, he was increasing concerned that his aim was _ (hope) to achieve. 2. _(fortunate), when he hurried to the station, he found the train had left five minutes.,hopeless,Unfortunately,巩固练习,技巧5：括号中所给动词也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词，而是考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能是考查其比较等级。如：,考点分析,1there

10、 was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist _ (attract) 2 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he couldHe jumped even _ (hard) and finally made himself out. 3.Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _ (popular).,more popular,attractions,h

11、arder,巩固练习,4. Storms which produced at least 13 tornadoes swept along New Mexicos border with Texas on Friday, destroying homes and other buildings and injuring at least 16 people, several critically, authorities said. The _ (bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about

12、 80 miles apart, police said.,worst,巩固练习,综合练习： 根据以上技巧完成下面的语法填空,综合练习,语篇填空：阅读下列短文，按照句子结构的语法性，用括号中所给词语的适当形式填空。 (A) A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his 1_ (month) bills when his young son rushed in and announced, “Dad, because this is your birthday and youre 55 years old, Im g

13、oing to give you 55 kisses, one for each year!” But the father exclaimed, “Oh, Andrew, dont do it now; Im too busy!”,monthly,综合练习,The youngster immediately fell 2_ (silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes. 3_ (apology) the father said, “You can finish later.” The boy said nothing but 4_ (

14、quiet) walked away, 5_ (disappoint) written over his face. That evening the father said, “Come and finish the kisses now, Andrew!” But the boy didnt respond. 6_ (fortunate), the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote.,silent,Apologically,quietly,disappointment,Unfortunatel

15、y,“If only I could tell him how much I regret my 7_ (thought) words, and could be assured that he knows how much my heart is aching.” Love is a two-way street. Any loving act must be 8_ (warm) accepted or it will be taken as 9_ (reject) and can leave a scar. Nothing is more 10_ (importance) than res

16、ponding with love to the cry for love from those who are near and precious to us. Because. there may be no chance at all as in the case of the little boy.,thoughtless,warmly,rejection,important,粗心的,相互的,(B) The Edinburgh International Festival is over fifty years old and has earned its reputation as

17、one of the worlds greatest 1_ (celebrate) of the arts. The 2_ (found) of the Festival believed that the Festival programmes should be of the highest possible artistic standard presented by the best 3_(art) in the world, that the Festival should enliven(使活跃) and 4_(rich) the cultural life of Europe,

18、Britain and Scotland and that it should provide a period of flowering of the human spirit.,celebrations,founders,artists,enrich,综合练习,The Edinburgh International Festival has developed 5_(significance) over the years, yet the founders 6 _(origin) intentions are closely reflected in the current aims a

19、nd objectives.,significantly,original,Each year during the summer months Edinburgh becomes the worlds Festival City. It is the huge range and number of artistic events, 7 _(perform) and exhibitions happening throughout the city which makes Edinburgh 8_(forget). It makes you feel that there is always

20、 something else happening around the corner which you are 9_(miss). This is 10_ (evitable可以避免的)part of the joy of the Festival.,performances,unforgettable,missing,inevitable,The _ (die) of composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart at the age of 35 may have been caused by complications stemming from strep thr

21、oat, according to a Dutch study published on Monday. Since the _ (compose) death in 1791, there have been _ (vary) theories about the cause of his _ (time) end, from intentional poisoning, to rheumatic fever, to trichinosis, a parasitic disease caused by eating raw or undercooked pork.,death,composers,various,untimely,(C),On his death certificate it was _ (office) recorded that the cause of death was Hitziges Frieselfieber, or “heated military fever,” referring to a rash that looks like millet(粟) seeds. But _ (resear