2012年高考英语一轮复习 考点10 状语从句课件

1、Part2 考点10,Part2 语法专题,考点10 状语从句,对状语从句的考查在湖南高考中主要出现在单项填空部分。 1.主要考查的知识点： (1)状语从句连接词的选用 (2)状语从句的时态 复习重点： (1)9大类状语从句的连接词的使用 (2)状语从句与主句的时态关系 2.如何应对状语从句的考查 (1)对连接词的考查：解题时，首先认真分析题干句的句子结构，结合4个选项，比较每个选项的连接词的意义及用法区别，再判断该选用哪一个。,(2010湖南)Tim is in good shape physically _ he doesnt get much exercise. A. if B. eve

2、n though C. unless D. as long as 思路点拨：分析题干句可知空格处应为从句he doesnt get much exercise的连接词，比较从句和主句的关系可知前后是让步转折关系，再根据句意：“尽管Tim不经常锻炼，但他身材很好。”可判断选B项。,(2)对从句时态的考查：解题时，要分析主句的时态，判断主句和从句的时态之间的关系，从而确定从句的时态。 (2010重庆)The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ on the market in 1973. A. had come B.

3、has come C. came D. comes 思路点拨：主句的时态为完成时，since引导的从句时态通常为一般过去时，故答案选C。,顾名思义，状语从句在句子中充当状语，表示主句动作发生的时间、地点、条件、方式、目的、比较、原因、结果等。状语从句是历年高考题的重点，主要考查学生对连词的应用及句子间的逻辑关系的掌握情况。常见的状语从句有下列9大类。,熟 读 深 思,1. 时间状语从句 用适当的连词填空 (1) I was doing some cooking when the doorbell rang. (2) While walking across the car, the boy w

4、as knocked over by a running car. (3) As time goes by, we grow up. (4) I had felt hungry before I arrived home. (5) It has been four years since I came to Shanghai.,熟 读 深 思,(6) I slept until the clock alarmed. (7) I didnt sleep until my father came back. (8) She gave a ring to her parents immediate

5、she landed in Japan. 改错(immediateimmediately) (9) No sooner had we had supper when we began to repair the machine. 改错(whenthan) (10) At every time I see the film, I cant help recalling my childhood in the countryside. 改错(At every timeEvery time),归 纳 总 结,时间状语从句常用连词有：when/while/as; before/ after; sinc

6、e; until; as soon as/ instantly/ immediately /the moment / the minute / the second; no soonerthan/ hardly when; the first time / every time / each time / next time 规则1: when 通常意思为：当时候； 正在那时，如：(1)。 规则2: while从句用延续性动词，意思为：在期间，如：(2)。 规则3: as 表示主句和从句的动作几乎同步进行。意思为：一边，一边； 随着，如：(3)。,归 纳 总 结,规则4: before 意思为

7、：在之前；还没来得及；才，如：(4)。 规则5: since “自从以来”；是现在完成时的标志，如：(5)。 规则6: until在肯定句中，表示动作持续“到为止”，如：(6)。在否定句中，常与not连用，表示动作“直到才”，如：(7)。,归 纳 总 结,规则7: as soon as/immediately/instantly/directly/the moment/the minute/the second/the instant意为“一就”，如：(8)。 规则8: no soonerthan/ hardlywhen“刚就”。注意：此句型常将否定词置于句首，主句为部分倒装，主句时态用had

8、 done；从句用did，如：(9)。 规则9: every time 每当，每次；the first time 第一次时候，next time 下次时，如：(10)。,熟 读 深 思,2. 条件状语从句 完成句子 (1)They will_play_basketball after school if they finish their work. 如果他们完成了作业，放学后就打篮球。 (2)I will_not_attend the meeting unless I am invited. 我不会去参加会议，除非得到邀请。,条件状语从句常用连词有：if/ unless / once / a

9、s long as /so long as / on condition that/ provided / providing that/suppose / supposing that/say that / lets say that等。 规则1：条件状语从句中，若主句用将来时，从句则用一般现在时，如：(1)。 规则2：unless if not, 意思是“如果不/没有”，如：(2)。,归 纳 总 结,熟 读 深 思,3. 原因状语从句 用适当的连词填空 (1) Its because he likes dancing that he says dancing is very easy. (

10、2) The day has broken, for the birds are singing now. (3) Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else. (4) As its dark, wed better go off work now. (5) Now_that you feel sick, you can have a rest in bed. (6) Why do you want to find a new job when you have a good job already? (7) His req

11、uest is unreasonable in that he knows we cant afford it.,归 纳 总 结,原因状语从句的常见连词：because, for, since, as, now that, when等。 规则1：because 表示直接的、必然的原因，不能与so连用。常用来回答why所提的问题。在强调句型中，若强调原因，只能用because，即It is because that，如：(1)；而for表示推理性的补充说明的原因，不能放在句首，如：(2)。 规则2：since 表示众所周知的原因，“既然”，常放在句首，如：(3)。,归 纳 总 结,规则3：as

12、表示客观原因，“由于”，常放在句首，如：(4)。 规则4：now that 通常表示用新出现的情况作为原因，“既然”，如：(5)。 规则5：when意为“既然”(有轻微的责备口吻)，如：(6)。 规则6：in that从句，意为“原因是；因为”，如：(7)。,熟 读 深 思,4. 结果状语从句 完成句子 The house is so_expensive_that(如此昂贵) I cant afford it. (2) This is so_interesting_a_book(如此有趣的一本书) that we all want to read it. (3) There are so_ma

13、ny_new_words(如此多的生词) in the passage that I cant understand it. (4) He is such_a_clever_boy (如此聪明的男孩)that we all like him.,归 纳 总 结,规则：结果状语从句常见连词：sothat/suchthat 意为“如此以至于”。主要有下面的几个句型： so adj./ adv. that如：(1)。 so adj.a/an n. that如：(2)。 so many/few/much/littlen.(可数名词复数或不可数名词)that如：(3)。 such a/an adj. n.

14、 that如：(4)。 such adj.n.(不可数名词或可数名词复数)that,熟 读 深 思,5. 目的状语从句 用适当的连词填空 (1)We got up early in_order_that(为了) we could catch the first bus. (2)We got up early for_fear_that/lest/in_case_that (以免)we should miss the first bus.,归 纳 总 结,目的状语从句常见的连词有：(1) in order that / so that 意为“为了”；(2) in case that / for

15、fear that/ lest 意为“以免；以防”等。 规则1：so that/ in order that 从句 (从句用can / could / may / might 动词原形)，如：(1)。 规则2：for fear that/in case that 从句，意为“以防，万一”，从句可以用虚拟语气，即“should 动词原形”，如：(2)。,熟 读 深 思,6. 地点状语从句 用适当的连词填空 (1) Make a mark where you have problems. (2) I will find him wherever he may be.,归 纳 总 结,地点状语从句常

16、见的连词有： 1. where 在地方，如：(1)。 2. wherever 无论在地方，如：(2)。,熟 读 深 思,7. 让步状语从句 用适当的让步状语从句连词填空 (1) Although he is rich, he never wastes a coin. (2) Rich man as he is, he works hard. (3) Hard as he worked, he failed. (4) Try as he might, Tom could not get out of the difficulty. (5) Even_if it snows tomorrow, w

17、e shall still go on business. (6) No_matter_who (Whoever) breaks the rule, he will be punished. (7) Whether you go or not tomorrow, we will go outing.,归 纳 总 结,规则1：although / though / while 意为“虽然；尽管”，如：(1)。 规则2：表语(形容词/名词) as/though 主语 系动词主句，句首名词前不加任何冠词，如：(2)。副词 as/though主语谓语动词主句，如：(3)。动词原形 as/though

18、主语 might/may 主句，如：(4)。,归 纳 总 结,规则3：even if / even though意为“即使，纵然”。even if侧重于假设；even though侧重于事实，如：(5)。 规则4：No matter how / what / where / who ； 特殊疑问词ever 意为“无论怎么/ 什么/ 哪里/ 谁”，如：(6)。 规则5：whetheror“无论是否”，如：(7)。,熟 读 深 思,8. 方式状语从句 (1)The lights were on as though everyone had left in a hurry. (2)Do the experiment as I told you just now.,归 纳 总 结,规则1：“as if/ as though 从句”表示与客观事实不符的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，即表示现在或将来的情况用一般过去时，be用were；表示过去的情况用过去完成时，如：(1)。 规则2：as 意为“正如”，如：(2)。,熟 读 深 思,9. 比较状语从