广东高考英语阅读理解考点突破---最佳标题课件

1、Reading comprehension,1、主旨归纳题(main idea) 2、细节理解题(questions of details) 3、推理判断题(questions of inference) 4、词义猜测题(words in context),1,PPT学习交流,“得阅读者，得天下” 让我们一起努力， 征服阅读，战胜高考！ Lets conquer English,2,PPT学习交流,3,PPT学习交流,最佳标题（Best title）,该题型考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。常见题型为最佳标题（title）或中心思想（main ide

2、a）。做这类题时常用跳读法。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句，然后把各个段落的主题句联系起来，着眼于全文结构安排了解文章的重心，这样就能概括出文章的中心。,4,PPT学习交流,通常情况下主题句在文中的位置 :,5,PPT学习交流,干扰项的陷阱 文章的标题是中心思想最精练的表达形式，1. 选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文，不能太大，也不能太小 2.命题者在出此类题时，往往利用生活常识编造干扰项，3.把文中的细节当主旨或只言片语，利用局部信息编造干扰项，4. 编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心思想的标题来考查学生的理解程度。对选择标题类题，若遇到实在拿不太准的情况，不妨自己思考一下：“如果是我

3、写这个题目，我会怎样写？”,6,PPT学习交流,解题的小窍门： 1. 正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。 2. 正确的选项一般不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。 3. 那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项往往有一个正确答案。 4. 四个选项中，内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个正确答案。 5. 干扰项特点：A: 概括范围太窄，只含局部信息。 B: 概括范围太宽，所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。 C: 无关信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到语言依据的信息。,7,PPT学习交流,解题技巧点拨 1. 段落中出现转折时，该句可能是主题句。 2. 作者有意识的重复的观点，

4、通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。 3. 提出文章的主旨时常伴有文字提示，如： therefore, thus, but, however, in fact, in short 等等。 4. 首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答就是文章的主旨。 方法：跳读法（skimming）寻找 title, main idea.,8,PPT学习交流,When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness, who possess wings of their own and who will fly wit

5、h me. I seek friends whose qualities illuminate（照亮）me and train me up for love. It is for these people that I reserve the glowing hours, too good not to share. When I was in the eighth grade, I had a friend. - When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend, - For almost four years I have had rema

6、rkable friend whose imagination illuminates mine. - It is such comforting companions I wish to keep. One bright hour with their kind is worth more to me than the lifetime services of a psychologist（心理学家），who will only fill up the healing（愈合的）silence necessary to those darkest moments in which I woul

7、d rather be my own best friend.,9,PPT学习交流,What is the best title for the passage? A. Unforgettable Experiences B. Remarkable Imagination C. Lifelong Friendship D. Noble Companions,10,PPT学习交流,阅读下列短文或选段, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中, 选出最佳选项。 (1) 2009湖北卷When I was seven my father gave me a Timex, my first watch. I

8、loved it, wore it for years, and havent had another one since it stopped ticking a decade ago. Why? Because I dont need one. I have a mobile phone and Im always near someone with an iPod or something like that. All these devices(装置)tell the time-which is why, if you look around, youll see lots of em

9、pty wrists; sales of watches to young adults have been going down since 2007.,考点击破,11,PPT学习交流,But while the wise have realized that they dont need them, others-apparently including some distinguished men of our time-are spending total fortunes on them. Brands such as Rolex, Patek Philippe and Breitl

10、ing command shocking prices, up to 250,000 for a piece. But these days all watches tell the time as well as all other watches. So why pay that much of five years school fees for watches that allow you to do these things?,Watches are now classified as “investments”(投资). A 1994 Philippe recently sold

11、for nearly 350,000, while 1960s Rolexes have gone from 15,000 to 30,000 plus in a year. But a watch is not an investment. Its a a matter of fashion. But when fashion moves on, the owner of that 350,000 beauty will suddenly find his pride and joy is no more a good investment than my childhood Timex.,

12、12,PPT学习交流,64. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Timex or Rolex?B. My Childhood Timex C. Watches? Not for Me! D. Watches-a Valuable Collection,(1)C。根据寻找主题句的第(3)个小窍门“首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨”可知Why?后面的便是主题句，与此相符的只有选项C正确。,13,PPT学习交流,(2) 2009福建卷We already know the fastest, least expensi

13、ve way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or moredoing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted on

14、ly a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we dont keep reducing emissions（排放）of carbon dioxide（CO2）and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.,14,PPT学习交流,We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. . We wan

15、ted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. Thats more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average,

16、mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?,15,PPT学习交流, “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent,” he said.,Good advice, I thought. Wed gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. Id almo

17、st forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. Its time for us to change our habits if necessary. 79. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A. Saving Energy Starts at Home B. Changing Our Habits Begins at Work C. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonab

18、le D. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult,(2)A。由第一段基本可以判断出答案了，再结合全文内容，及最后一句可知，改变家庭生活习惯便可节能减排。,16,PPT学习交流,On hearing the words “Just do it!”, you will know there is a Nike product nearby. If its “Always Coca-cola”, you can be sure someone wants to sell you a refreshing drink. An advertising sl

19、ogan is to brand what eyes are to a person. The slogan helps people understand the brand better by telling them what it wants to sell to its customers. Good slogans leave a message in peoples minds. Its almost certain that every brand has a popular slogan. “Just do it!” a slogan that speaks out to t

20、eens. It tells them to do something, but only if they think its worth it. And if so, why not do it wearing Nike?,17,PPT学习交流,Question: What would be best title for the text? A. Just Do It! B. Slogan and Brand C. Famous Slogans D. What Is a Good Slogan?,18,PPT学习交流,Atlanta, GA, June20, 2008Scientists b

21、elieve they have found ice on Mars. The Phoenix Mars Lander showed bits of what appeared to be ice while digging a trench (沟) near the Martian North Pole. Pieces of bright material photographed in the trench later disappeared, meaning they are likely to have been frozen water that vaporized (蒸发) aft

22、er being uncovered. The NASAs investigator (调查员) Peter Smith, of the University of Arizona, said, “These little pieces completely disappeared over the course of a few days, which clearly makes us believe that its ice. There had been some question whether the bright material was salt. Salt cant do th

23、at.”,19,PPT学习交流,The Phoenix Mars Lander is studying whether the arctic area of the Red Planet could be lived in. Its using its robotic arm to dig up some soil and scientists have been hoping it will find frozen water. Question: The best title for the passage may be _. A. Phoenix Mars Lander B. Live

24、on Mars C. Phoenix Mars Lander discovers “ice” D. A great step into outer space,20,PPT学习交流,Shopping is not as simple as you may think! There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf. Coloring, for example, varies according to what the p

25、roducers are trying to sell. Health foods are packaged in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colors. Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver. The size of a product can attract a shopper. But quite often a bottle doesnt con

26、tain a s much as it,21,PPT学习交流,appears to. It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging ! (04 广东) Which of the following would be the best title for this text? A. Choice of Good Products B. Disadvantages of Products

27、 C. Effect of Packaging on Shopping D. Brand Names and Shopping Tricks,22,PPT学习交流,Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or in summer, they may think it is the heat. H

28、owever, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time-about eight hours after you wake up-your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiment alm

29、ost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later. (四川),23,PPT学习交流,What would be the best title for the text? A. Just for a Rest B. All for a nap C. A Special Sleep pattern D. Taking naps in Warmer Climate,24,PPT学习交流,

30、Different cultures emphasize the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had expecte

31、d my speech to be a success and start a living discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary. Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious probl

32、ems. People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other -(安徽) What would be the best title for the text? A . Multicultural Environment B. Cross-Cultural Differences C. How to Understand Each Other D. How to Build up a Relationship,

33、25,PPT学习交流,Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self-respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as “honor” help you create this life of good feelings. Heres an example to show how honorable actions create happiness. - There is a beau

34、tiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And its,26,PPT学习交流,easy to think and act honorable again when were happy. While the positive cycle can be different to start, on

35、ce its started, its easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness. (07 广东) Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? A. How to Live Truthfully B. Importance of Peacefulness C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect D. Happiness

36、through Honorable Actions,27,PPT学习交流,One August afternoon, Richard Allen dropped off his last passenger, Mrs.Carey.Lifting two grocery bags, he followed her across the yard and stood on the step of her house. Glancing up, he saw a large wasps（黄蜂） nest under the roof- She stepped quickly inside. Alle

37、n ran for his minibus. Too late; As he was driving down the road, Allen felt as if something was burning at the back of his neck, and the “fire” was spreading forward toward his face- Miles from the nearest medical assistance, Allen began to feel his tongue thick and heavy and his heartbeat - Rushin

38、g down the mountain, Allen tried not to panic, focusing his mind on each sharp - Hold on, Allen thought. Keep your eyes open. Breathe. Keep awake. At last he reached the station. Two firemen ran out. Allen felt their hands grasp him before he hit the ground. You made it, he thought.,28,PPT学习交流,Which

39、 would be the best title for the passage? A. Allen, A Helpless Driver B. Wasps, Bloody Killers C. A Race Against Death D. War Against Wasps,29,PPT学习交流,6 Magellans men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship. Magellan was from Portugal, but

40、he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the trip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water