湖南省茶陵县高中英语Unit3Tomorrow’sWorldGrammarandusage课件牛津译林版必修4.ppt

1、Unit 3,Unit 3 Tomorrows world,The passive voice & Modal verbs and the passive voice & Verbs often used in the passive voice,Grammar and usage,句子的主动语态和被动语态在意义上区别很小。在主动语态中，句子的主语是动作发出者；在被动语态中，句子的主语是动作的接受者或受影响者。,The passive voice,The lovely robots attracts the visitors.,The visitors are attracted by the

2、 lovely robots.,S.,V.,O.,O.,V.,S.,The Great Wall was visited by many people last year.,S.,V.,O.,O.,V.,S.,Many people visited the Great Wall last year.,被动语态的基本形式是 be + 过去分词。通过改变be的时态，可以构成不同时态的被动语态。 e.g. Food is kept in the fridge. The glass was broken by the boy.,The passive voice in different tenses

3、:,do/does,are/is done,am/is/are doing,has/have done,am/is/are being done,have/has been done,be going to/ will do,did,was/were doing,had done,be going to/will be done,was/were done,was/were being done,had been done,在用被动语态时还要注意以下几点： 在被动语态中，动作发出者往往置于 by之后，但在不必指出动作发出者是 谁、动作发出者并不重要或很难指出 动作发出者是谁时，一般不提及动作

4、发出者。 e.g. Both the headsets and the gloves are connected to a computer network.,在 give，lend，offer，send，tell和 show 等动词后，可带有两个宾语，分 别指人和指事物。当带有这些动词作 谓语的句子变为被动语态时，通常用 指人的宾语作句子的主语。有时也可 用指事物的宾语作句子的主语。,e.g. Our teacher often tells us some interesting stories in English. We are often told some interesting s

5、tories in English. Some interesting stories are often told to us in English.,在主动语态中，有些动词后常接宾语和 不带to的动词不定式。在被动语态中， 则使用带to的动词不定式。 e.g. I often hear the girl play the piano in the afternoon. The girl is often heard to play the piano in the afternoon.,在被动语态中，有时get可用来代替 be，如get changed，get dressed和 get h

6、urt等。 e.g. My bike got stolen last night. Youd better get changed quickly, as the party will begin soon. The eggs seem to have got broken.,有些动词可用主动语态形式来表示被 动意义。 e.g. This sweater washes well. The pen writes smoothly. The kind of computer sells well in China.,表示状态的动词不能用被动语态。 e.g. I like pop songs and

7、 often listen to them. He has a big house near the river. You can depend on her to deal with the situation.,一些特殊的被动语态句型： It + 动词的被动语态形式 + that 引导的 从句 e.g. It is said that he will recover soon. It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.,主语 + 动词的被动语态形式 + 动词不定 式 e.g. The Sun was once t

8、hought to travel around the Earth.,常用于这类句型的动词有say，believe，report，suppose，know和prove等。,Answers: 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _ 9. _ 10. _,are being,the Electric Wear Company,been developed,was invented,are used,been completed,will be produced,will be,been announced,are cleaned/can be cleaned

9、,Read the information on Page 49 and complete the report on the event.,情态动词的被动语态形式可用于谈论 能力、可能性、职责和允诺等。 e.g. Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.,Modal verbs and the passive voice,2. 情态动词的被动语态形式是在情态 动词后加be和过去分词。,e.g. Computer can work out the position of the user at any time. e.g. The positi

10、on of the user can be worked out at any time.,情态动词+不带to的动词不定式,情态动词+be+过去分词,Read the table on Page 50 and note the use of these modal verbs in the active and passive voices.,Read the first report on Page 50 and complete the second.,Answers: 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _,can be reduced,must be taken,must b

11、e worn,may become,ought to be reduced,Some verbs are often used in the passive voice and function like adjectives. e.g. The children are getting excited about the coming holiday. Dont you get tired of arguing about the same thing all the time?,Verbs often used in the passive voice,Look at the timeli

12、ne showing the history of Napster and complete the article on Page 51. Answers: 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8. _,bored with,interested in,was founded,were employed,was surprised at,was accused of,was closed down,was purchased,1. It remains _ whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals.

13、A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see,被动语态练习,2. Your job _ open for your return. Thanks. A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept,3. I dont suppose the police know who did it. Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and _ now. A. has been questioned B. is being quest

14、ioned C. is questioning D. has questioned,4. Tom sounds very much _ in the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. A. interestedB. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly 5. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt,6. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Weste