高三语篇语法策略方法精练.ppt

1、语法填空解题思路与实践,我们知道，语法填空空格在形式上主要有二种类型： (1)纯空格题（无提示词）：通常考 (2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考,冠词、代词(形容词性物主代词、人称代词、不定代词、指示代词、反身代词 )、介词、和连词、从句引导词。,a.谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 b.非谓语动词。 d.词类转换等。,无提示词 两个分句结构连接,1.The exam, _was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed to the library at the last minute.(08广州二模) 2the head of th

2、e village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away _there was a garage. (2007广东高考) 3. It is such an important issue _ we couldnt afford to ignore. (08仲元） 4. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. （08茂名二模）,which,讨论归纳,whom,

3、Group Work,as,where,考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,1. I live in a community _ there are many trees. 2. She has two daughters, both of _ are college students. 3. China has a number of islands, the largest of _ is Taiwan. 4.She is such a nice girl _ we all like her. 5. She is such a nice girl _ we all like .,

4、where,whom,which,that,as,定语从句常放在被修饰词后面，确定先行词也就是被修饰词后，再确定定语从句的引导词。,讨论归纳,1. They spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of _ would be considered a very poor family.(09广州一模) 2. One day, he came up with an idea 35 _ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. （2008年广东高

5、考） 3. -Many things must be considered such as _ the persons interested in and how old he is. (08广州一模） 4. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _32_ should have the honour of receiving me as a guest in their house. (2007广东),考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,讨论归纳,what,that,w

6、hat,who,无提示词 两个分句结构连接,1. I didnt know _ had happened. 2. _surprised him was that the gentleman was a thief. 3. I heard _ he joined the army. 4. No one knows when the first settlers arrived in _ we call California today.,what,What,that,what,规律： 可以从从句所处的位置判断是主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句还是表语从句。 注意：名词性从句中如果缺少主语、宾语 或

7、 表语时常填 what; (whatever) ; who (whoever),如何判断名词性从句？,讨论归纳,无提示词 两个分句结构连接,1 He envied the farmers who had the beautiful night stars to give them light_ his family had only expensive lanterns. （09广州一模） 2He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _37_he felt very happy (2008年广东高考) 3. You have fai

8、led two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. 4. I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive and persevered _I finally found the solution. （08广州二模） 5. I asked my classmates about her interest I made my final decision. （08广州一模）,until,考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法,讨论归纳

9、,before,while,or,but,讨论归纳,两个主谓关系完整的分句，他们之间是用逗号，或没有标点符号连接，往往考虑并列句或状语从句；,1. Think it over _ you will find the answer. 2. Turn left _ you will find the hotel. 3. Hurry up, _ you will be late for work. 4. We were swimming in the lake_ suddenly the storm started. 5. _ she seldom wrote to her family, she

10、wouldnt forget her mothers birthday.,and,and,or,when,Although,有提示词,The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, _ (reply) in a way that shocked his father. (09广州一模) Ms Chen _ (teach) me English since Junior 1, and to show my appreciation I decided to get her a present. （

11、08广州一模） An official from the Ministry of Education said that China follows an educational policy that_ (encourage) students to study abroad. （茂名二模） 4. All the animals lined up on the river bank and _ (give) the task of getting to the opposite shore. (09广州调研）,replied,考查语法点: 谓语动词的时态及语态, 及主谓一致,讨论归纳,enc

12、ourages,were given,has taught,有提示词,1. We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_ (receive) the gift. (07广州一模) 2. My pupils, Donnie 40_ (include), adored her. (08深圳二模) 3._ (teach) to behave well, my sister and I respected other people, regardless of their age or color. (09深圳一模） 4. The first

13、 person (arrive) late usually wrote “Delayed by fog” under the red line in the book. (09仲元),receiving,included,考查语法点: 非谓语动词,讨论归纳,Taught,to arrive,1. What surprised me most is to see him _ (beat) by many children. 2. _ (surprise) and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.,beaten,Surprised,解题方法和

14、步骤/确定词形,3. He hurried to the booking office only _ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. 4. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _ (repair) at the garage. 此题就涉及到动词的时态、语态和主谓一致三条语法规则。,is being repaired,to be told,解题方法和步骤/确定词形,Pracitice,China follows an educational policy that _ (encour

15、age) students to study abroad and come back whenever they want. (茂名二模37）,encourages,We must also consider the reaction of the person _ (receive) the gift. （广州一模32）,receiving,解题方法和步骤/确定词形,2.形容词副词突破,.形容词副词的 比较级和最高级,-ly,.形容词副词 相互转换,the -est the most ,-er more ,Adj. Adv.,解题方法和步骤/确定词形,One of the _ (bad)

16、gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen. （广州一模33 ）,worst,“Thirty-five cents,” she said _ (rude) and _ (patient) .（深圳一模36 ）,rudely,impatiently,思路总结：面对2个分句的空格分三步走（原则：先易后难）第一步：判断是否含定语从句？第二步：判断是否含名词性从句？（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句） 第三步：在前2步基础上判断含并列句还是含状语从句？面对所给提示动词填空： 判断是谓语还是非谓

17、语！a. 谓语动词要注意时态、语态和主谓一致。b. 非谓语要注意是否用一般式、被动式还是用完成式。,解题方法和步骤,实词 动词 名词 形容词 副词,词性,虚词 代词 冠词 介词 连词 引导词,一根据句子结构，确定词性,有 提 示 词,无 提 示 词,二、根据语法，确定词形,1.动词突破 A.先确定做谓语还是非谓语。B.从以下情况考虑,动词,谓语动词,时态,语态,主谓一致,doing,done,to do,非谓语动词,判断体裁 Step 1: 通读全文 弄清时态 把握大意,语法填空解题思路回顾,抓住线索 Step 2: 边读边填 瞻前顾后 先易后难,语法填空解题思路回顾,查词义 Step 3:复

18、读检查 查词性 查词形,语法填空解题思路回顾,总结提高： What is the passage about? (to get the main idea) 2. Analyze the sentence structure and confirm what part of the speech should be used in each blank. 3. Fill in the blanks logically. Above all, remember “Context” is everywhere!,Part 2. 运用所归纳思路完成下面空格。,Step 1. What is the

19、passage about? (to get the main idea ) _ Step 2. 根据句子结构，试判断每个空格应填 词性。 Step 3. 细读全文，完成以上10个空格。,Albert Einstein was born in Germany on 14th, 1879. 1 he was a young boy, he used to ask lots of questions. By the time he was fourteen, Einstein 2 ( teach) himself advanced mathematics. He already knew 3 he

20、 wanted to be when he grew up. He wanted to study physics and do research. The problem was 4 Einsteins family did not have enough money 5 (pay) for his further education. Finally they managed to send him to a technical school. Later they were able to send him to an important technical college in Swi

21、tzerland, 6 he entered in 1896 at the age of seventeen. He studied hard and got his degree at the end of this course. He wanted to study for 7 doctors degree, but he didnt have enough money.,When,had taught,What,that,to pay,which,a/his,The question was _ 8_ he could find enough work to support 9 . First he