《done作状语》PPT课件

1、Grammar past participle used as adverbial,Grammar (1),Read the sentences and underline the v-ed forms.,1. Encouraged greatly, they worked even harder. 2. Given better attention, these flowers could have grown better.,3. Considered more carefully, it would have had a good result. 4. Born in a poor fa

2、mily, he had only two years of schooling.,Rewrite the sentences, beginning with the words given in brackets.,1) Spoken by fewer and fewer people these days, the Naxi language may disappear in the future. (because) Because it is spoken by fewer and fewer people these days, the Naxi language may disap

3、pear.,2) Seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny streets. (when) When it is seen from above, the old town is a maze of canals, little bridges and tiny streets.,3) Passed from father to son, the music has not changed for eight centuries. (because) Because it is pass

4、ed from father to son, the music has not changed for eight centuries.,4) Looked at from a distance, the Xishan Hills resemble a sleeping beauty. (when) When they are looked at from a distance, the Xishan Hills resemble a sleeping beauty.,5) Completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting. (

5、if) If it were completely rebuilt, the town would not be so interesting.,Summary: the functions of v-ed form as adverbials.,过去分词(past participles) 或过去分词短语(past participial phrases) 作状语是英语中常见的语言现象，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。,过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但有些过去分词（短语）因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表动作而表状态。 这样的过去分词（短语）常见的有: lost (迷路); se

6、ated (坐); absorbed in (全神贯注于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)等。如： Absorbed in deep thought, he didnt hear the sound. 因为沉浸在思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。,(1) 作时间状语。如： Seen from the top of the hill, our school looks beautiful. 从山顶上看，我们学校看起来很美。 Heated, liquids can be changed into gases. 液体被加热会变成气体。 注意: 作时间状语时, 过去分词如

7、果同时表被动和动作完成, 常可换用现在分词的被动完成式(having been done); 过去分词如果只表被动, 不表完成,则不可与现在分词的被动完成式换用。,如: Discussed (Having been discussed) many times, the problems were settled at last. 在讨论了多次之后, 问题终于解决了。 (过去分词既表被动又表完成) Seen from the hill, the park looks very beautiful. 从山上看这个公园非常漂亮。 (过去分词只表被动) 相当于when引导的状语从句.如果两个动作同时发

8、生, 可在分词前用when, while等使其时间意义更明确,(2) 作原因状语。如: Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 被自然美迷住了，来自伦敦的那个姑娘决定在农场再呆两天。 Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology. 由于在农村出生并长大, 他对生物很感兴趣。 相当于as, since, because引导的从句, 这类状语多

9、放在句子前半部分。,(3) 作条件状语。如： Given another chance, he will do better. 再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。 Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里, 这些种子能长得很快。 相当于if, unless, once引导的从句。,(4) 作让步状语。如： Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. 尽管被许多人嘲笑, 他还是继续他的研究。 Exhausted by the climbing, the old man

10、was determined to get to the top of the hill. 尽管已经爬得筋疲力尽，那位老人决定爬到山顶。 相当于though, although引导的从句。,(5) 表方式或伴随情况。如： Followed by some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. 被一些官员跟随着, 拿破仑视察了他的军队。 He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里, 被感动得热泪盈眶。 作状语表示方式或伴随情况时,过去分词可用并列句(and)代替，如: The hunter left

11、 his house, followed by his dog. (= He was followed by the dog.),注意,(1) 过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语须与句子的主语保持一致，它们之间存在着被动关系。如： Given better attention, the trees could grow better. 若管理得好一些，这些树木会生长得更好些。,(2) 如果分词的逻辑主语与所修饰的句子的主语不一致，就要有自己的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构(the absolute construction)。如： The test finished, we began our h

12、oliday. 考试结束了, 我们开始放假。 More time given, we should have done it much better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。,(3) (保留连词)有时, 为了明确时间、条件、让步或原因等, 分词前面可加连词when, if, unless, once, although或副词如deeply, completely, greatly等。如： Sugar, when mixed with water, dissolves quickly. 糖与水混合很快就溶解。 Although tired, I must go on workin

13、g.我虽然累了，但必须继续干。,过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别： 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动； 现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。 Asked why he was late, he cried. Looking out of the window, I saw some students playing there.,做题方法: 1.找句子的主语 2. 判断关系，主动用V-ing,被动用V-ed,练习坊,用所给词的适当形式填空，并与A-C的汉语翻译相匹配。 1. Once _, a word becomes a promise. 2. O

14、nce _, water cannot be taken back again. 3. _ by the beautiful scenery, I forgot to go back home in time.,impress; pour; speak,A. 覆水难收,B. 流连忘返,C. 一言既出, 驷马难追,spoken,poured,Impressed,C,B,A,II. 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. _ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us. 2. _ (give) time, hell be a

15、 first class tennis player. 3. _ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.,Seen,Given,Looking,4._ (give) more time, Ill finish my work on time. 5. Compared with _ (develop) countries, we still have a long way to go. 6. The English teacher entered the room, _ (follow)

16、 by his students.,Given,developed,followed,7. The teach buildings _ (build) in 1960 need repairing. 8. I found my school bag _ (leave) in Marys room.,built,left,Complete the following sentences, using the given words.,1) _ (face) with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.

17、 2) _ (put) into use in April 2004, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.,Faced,Put,3) When _ (offer)help, one often says “Thank you.”or “Its kind of you.” 4) “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ (run) away.,offered,running,Translate the sentences using

18、V-ed form.,(1) 因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。 (2) 工作提前完成了，他非常满意。,Written in a hurry, this article was not so good!,He was satisfied, with the work finished ahead of time.,(3) 教授走进了教室，学生跟在身后。 (4) 这样的机会一旦失去了， 恐怕不会再 来了。 (5) 他静静地坐在那里，眼睛看着湖面。,The professor came into the classroom, followed by his students.,Once lost,

19、such a chance might never come again.,He sat there silently, (with) his eyes fixed on the lake.,1. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose,配套练习,动词-ing或过去分词作状语, 其逻辑主语应是主句主语。,2. If _ the same treatment again, hes sure to get well. A. giving

20、 B. give C. given D. being given,3. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding,析: 正确答案为 C 项。哈佛大学是1636 年被建的, 所以该空应填过去分词 Founded 作状语。,4. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesnt seem big

21、at all. A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared,5. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed,析：正确答案为 A 项。博物馆是被完工的, 所以该空应填过去分词completed 作状语。,6. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be don

22、e to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun,析：正确答案为 D 项。分析语境逻辑可知，该空含义为“(这研究)一旦被开始”，因此应填过去分词 begun作状语。,( )7. _ more attention, the tree could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given. ( )8. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened,A,D,高考链接,( )9. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A