虚拟语气详讲1.ppt

1、The Subjunctive Mood,虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。 该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。 也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。 只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气 . 通常有三种情况： 与过去事实相反。 与现在事实相反。 与将来事实可能相反。,虚拟语气,例： If I had come yesterday, I would have seen him.,If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train. 如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。,与过去相反,If I _time last night, I _

2、 to see the film with you .,had had,would have gone,如果昨晚我有时间， 我就会和你一起去看电影,If he more carefully, he the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,如果他开车小心点，他昨天不会出事故。,If I how to swim,I trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,如果我学会游泳， 我不会被困在这个小岛上。,If the staff more careful,th

3、e mall on fire now.,如果员工们注意点， 这商场不会着火,had been,would not be,If they had studied hard, they could have done it easily that day.,1.如果他们以前努力学习的话，那天就会做得容易些。,2.如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,If he had not taken my advice, he wouldnt have done it much better like this.,Translation:,Exercise:,1 如果他早点离开，他本来能赶上那趟火车。,

4、If he had left a little earlier , he could have caught the train.,2 如果你听取我的意见，你就不会考试失败了。,If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test.,例： If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.,If I had more time, I German.(study）,had,would study,were,would be,与现在相反,If I had a

5、lot of money,I would buy a villa.,If it were fine now,I would go shopping.,If I _a teacher, I.,were,1.If the teacher asked me to solve the problem next time, I could try my best.,2.If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.,与将来相反,如果你成功了，一切都会好起来。,If you succeeded, everything w

6、ould be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.,If he got up early,he would be on time,1. 假如我有时间，我肯定会去的。,If I had time，I would certainly go.,2. 要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼.,If I were/was young as you, I would find time to exercis

7、e.,Practice:,Review the following table:,Use the three structures to translate some sentences.,1如果我是一名医生，我将能挽救她的生命。,If I were a doctor, I would save her life.,2如果你昨天去听音乐会的话， 你将会遇到她了。,3如果明天下雨的话，会议将会推迟。,If you had gone to the concert yesterday, you would have met her.,If it rained tomorrow, the meetin

8、g would be put off.,Note: (1) 省略连词if 在条件句中如果出现were, had, should 可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：,Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved.,Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.,Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.,Change the following sentences into th

9、eir normal order and compare the differences between the two types of sentences.,Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go outing.,If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go outing.,Had you come earlier, you would have met my sister.,If you had come earlier, you would have met my sister.,Were you to

10、 take the train, you would be there much sooner.,If you were to take the train, you would be there much sooner.,Note: ( 2 )用介词短语代替条件状语从句 Without air (If there were no air), there would be no living things. 如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。 But for your help(If it hadnt been for your help)I couldnt have done it. 要不是

11、你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。,例句中从句与过去事实相反, 主句与现在事实相反,If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,错综时间条件句,(3)错综时间条件句:从句与主句所表示时间不一致,1 如果昨天你认真工作的话，今天你会累。 If you had worked hard yesterday, you would be tired now . 2 If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now. 如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好

12、了。（从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在）。,wish,In Subjunctive mood,虚拟语气的特殊用法：,1,I wish I were as tall as you.,I wish I were a bird.,I wish / wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.,I wish it would rain tomorrow.,He is not a pilot, but he wishes he_ (be). I wish I _(meet)him yesterday. I wish it _(be) fine tomorrow.,wer

13、e,had met,would be,Demand Suggest Order Propose Request Command Insist etc,+(should ) do,表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等,2,Practice,1. My demand is that you_ (get up)at six. 2. I suggest you _ (go) at once. 3. It is ordered that the army _ (get) there by 4 a.m.,(should) get up,(should )go,(should) get,3,as if / as t

14、hough,He behaves as if he owned the house.,( But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.),He talks about Rome as though hehad been there himself.,He treats me as if I were a stranger. She talked about the film as if she had really seen it .,虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法

15、 It is (about/high)time +过去式 It is time that we went home. 我们该回家了。 It is high time that you went to bed. 你早该睡觉 了。,4,虚拟语气其它常见句式 (1) If only(要是就好了）的用法： 现在：动词用过去式 过去：动词用过去完成时 将来：动词用would/could+动词原形 If only I could learn English well in one day.现在 If only I had not been late for the interview.过去 If only

16、 he would reply to my letter.将来,5,（2）would rather(宁愿，宁可）的用法 现在：动词用过去式 过去：动词用过去完成 I would rather she were not present. 我宁可她不在场。（事实上她在场） I would rather he had told me the truth. 我宁可他告诉我事实真相。（事实上他没告诉我真相）,1. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. m

17、issed 2.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy. He would be still alive today if he _ that drug. A.not take B.shouldnt have taken C.didnt takeD.hadnt taken,Exercises,3. Simon looks as though he never _ a square meal(吃得饱), though his parents feed him very well. A. get B. getting C. got D

18、. should get 4. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. A. had been B. were C. was D. been,5. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _. A. have B. will C. do D. had 6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. h

19、ad been broken,7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A.wouldnt have fallenB.had not fallen C.should fallD.were to fall,8.If it _ so hard，wed go to town. A.isnt raining B.werent raining C.doesnt rain

20、 D.has rain 9.I wish I _ you yesterday. A.saw B.did see C.had seen D.were to see,10.His silence at the meeting suggested that he _ to your plan. A.didnt agree B.hadnt agreed C.wouldnt agree D.not agree 11.The father insisted his daughter _ a rich man. A.would be engaged toB.be engaged to C.should en

21、gaged toD.must be engaged to,12.You _ earlier.The bus left a moment ago. A.would come B.should have come C.must comeD.could have come 13.She made a suggestion that the plan _ carefully. A.be consideredB.was considered C.should consider D.would beconsidered,1. If we _ sooner, we might have got there.

22、 A. started B. had started C. would have started D. start 2. If he _ the detective honestly, he would not have been arrested. A. would have answered B. answered C. should answer D. had answered,3. Why didnt you go to the dance last night? If I _ tired, I would have. A. haven t B. hadnt C. haven t be

23、en D. hadnt been 4. I _ worry too much if I were you, she added. A. oughtnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. wouldnt,5. If I _ in this uniform, I wouldnt feel so proud. A. wasnt dressed B. didnt dress C. werent dressed D. dont dress 6. If he_ on tourists for his business, he would have to close his shop. A. d

24、epends B. will depend C. depended D. has depended,7. If you _ see Mr Green, give him my regards. A. should B. would C. shall D. will 8. If you _ to see Mary, what would you tell her? A. are B. will be going C. must D. were,Choose the right answer:,Everything if Albert hadnt called the police.,will b

25、e destroyed B. will have been destroyed C. would be destroyed D. would have been destroyed,2. The business is risky. But _ , we would be rich. A. should we succeed B. we should succeed C. might we succeed D. would we succeed,3. What would have happened, _, as far as the river bank?,A. Bob had walked

26、 farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther,4. I _ you some money, but I hadnt any on me then.,A. would lend B. would have lent C. could lend D. may have lent,5. _ today, he would get there by Friday.,A. Was he leaving B. If he leaves C. Were he to leave D. If he is leaving,6. Supposing this ship ,do you think there would be enough life jackets for all the passengers?,were to sink B. has sunk C. was