SectionAGrammarFocus.ppt

1、Unit 5,Section A Grammar Focus,Review,Translate the phrases.,search for no matter be made in in the local shops a toy car American brands a pair of basketball shoes avoid doing sth. in fact,搜寻； 寻找 不论；无论 在 . 生产或制造 在当地的商店里 一辆玩具车 美国品牌 一双篮球鞋 避免做某事 其实； 事实上,Is it made of silver? It was made in Thailand. W

2、hat is the model plane made of? Where is tea produced in China? How is it grown? It is planted on the side of mountains. They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing.,Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.,Passive Voice,1. 你的衬衫是棉制的吗？ _ your shirts _ _ cotton?

3、 2. 是的, 而且它们产于美国。 Yes, they are. And they were _ _ the US.,Grammar Focus,made in,Are made of,3. 飞机模型是由什么制成？ _ the model plane _ of? 4. 它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。 Its made of _ _ and _. 5. 茶产自中国哪里？ _ _ tea _ in China? 6. 茶产自很多不同的地区。 Its produced in many _ _.,Whats made,Where is produced,different areas,used wood g

4、lass,7. 茶是如何制成的？ _ is tea _? 8. 茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后, 它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。 Tea plants _ _ on the sides of the mountains. When the leaves are ready, they _ _ by hand and then _ _ for processing.,How produced,are grown,are picked,are sent,9. 在杭州人们种植茶叶。 People _ _ in Hangzhou. Tea _ _ (by people) in Hangzhou.,

5、grow tea,is grown,被动语态,定义：语态是动词的一种形式，用于表明主语与谓语之间的关系。 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者,e.g. Many people speak English. （主动语态, 句子的主语many people是 动作speak的执行者） English is spoken by many people. （被动语态, 句子的主语English是动作 speak的承受者）,被动语态的使用 1. 强调动作的承受者时： e.g. The baby is looked after by her mother. 这婴儿是由她妈妈

6、照顾的。 2. 不知谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指 出谁是动作的执行者时： e.g. This kind of car is made in Shanghai. 这种汽车在上海生产。,被动语态的基本结构 be + 及物动词的过去分词 be有各种时态的变化，并有人称和数的变化。 Nowadays Chinese _ by more and more people all over the world. A. is spoken B. was spoken C. speaks,Many people speak English.,主动句与被动句之间的转换,English is spoken by

7、many people.,主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语,主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语,解题步骤 1. 找宾语动作的承受者； 2. 判断宾语单复数be动词的单复数； 3. 判断动词时态be动词的时态； 4. 修改谓语时态原句动词改为过去分词； 5. 修改原句主语即by+主语/宾语。 e.g. They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made by them in that factory.,一般现在时被动语态 1. 肯定句 结构：主语+ am/is /are+及物动词的过 去分词(+by+动作的执行者)。 e.g. 我们房子

8、的窗户一星期擦一次。 The windows of our house are cleaned once a week.,2. 否定句： 结构：主语+ is/am/are not+及物动词的过去分词+其他。 e.g. 我们房子的窗户并不是一星期擦 一次。 The windows of our house arent cleaned once a week,3. 一般疑问句： 结构：is, am, are+主语 +及物动词的过去分词+其他? e.g. 我们房子的窗户一星期擦一次吗？ Are the windows of our house cleaned once a week?,4. Most

9、 of the earths surface _ (cover) by water. 5. The classroom _ (clean) by the students every day.,1. Children under 18 _ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language _ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak G

10、erman, but many can speak English, too.,are not allowed,are paid,4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,is spoken,is covered,is cleaned,4) Which language _ the most widely _ (speak) in the world? 5) The students _ often _ (tell) to take care of their desks and cha

11、irs. 6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _ (sell) in this shop.,1) Sunglasses _ (use) for protecting peoples eyes. 2) A picture _ (put) up on the blackboard. 3) French _ (speak) in France.,are used,is put,is spoken,用所给动词的正确形式填空。,is,spoken,are,told,are sold,4b,Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice

12、.,1. Farmers plant the tea on the sides of mountains. _ _,The tea is planted on the sides of mountains by farmers.,点拨：将主动语态变为被动语态时，应先确定句子的谓语动词，并找出句子的宾语。然后，将句子的宾语变成被动句的主语，将谓语动词变成be + v.-ed形式。,2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. _ _,1) 主动句的谓语动词为use, 宾语是the best materials。 2) 将the bes

13、t materials作被动句的主语, 谓语动词改为are used的形式。,The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses.,n. 材料; 原料,3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. _ _ 4. The postman brings letters and postcards to peoples home. _ _,Letters and postcards are brought to peoples home by the postman.,Many tr

14、affic accidents are caused by careless driving.,n. 交通; 路上行驶的车辆,n. 邮递员,5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. _ _,This silver plate isnt used very often by our family.,A: Whats your pencil made of? B: Its made of wood. A: Where was it made? B: It was made in Shanghai.,A: Whats your

15、made of? B: Its made of A: Where was it made? B: It was made in ,jacket,sweater,T-shirt,shoes,cap,gloves,ring,People play football all over the world. 2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday. 3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.,Football is played all over the world by people.,A st

16、ory is told by the old man on TV on Sunday.,The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully.,把下列的主动句变为被动句。,被动语态的几种句型,1. 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by),A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.,2. 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by),3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?,A sweet song isnt sung by her on the stag

17、e.,Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?,4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by)?,Where is a sweet song sung by her?,Do you water your flowers every day?(变为被动句) Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑问句),Are your flowers watered by you every day?,Are trees a

18、nd flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？,按要求改写下列句子。,3. This English song is sung by the girls after class. 改为否定句 改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答 对划线部分提问,This English song is not sung by the girls after class.,Is this English song sung by the girls after class?,Yes, it is. / No, it isnt.,W

19、hen is this English song sung by the girls?,被动语态的运用: （1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没 有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。 The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。 When will the road be opened to traffic? 这条路什么时候通车?,（2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。 Calculator cant be used in the math exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。 He was awarded first p

20、rize in that contest. 他在比赛中得了第一。,有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者,这时也常用被动语态。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。 You are requested to give a performance. 请你给我们表演一个节目。,（3）,主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项： 含有双宾语，即直接宾语(常指事物)和间接宾语(常指人)的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式，但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack tells us the truth. We are told the truth by Jack. The truth is told (to) us by