3句子种类2.ppt

1、宁远一中高一英语组 杨 海,句子的种类2,初高中英语衔接教学专题之,复习,反意疑问句,1.Tom hardly knows French, _ ? 2.Mary didnt fail her exam, did she? -_, she didnt. 3.You neednt come, _ you? You need to come, _ you? 4.He had a big time there, _ he? He had a car, _ he? We hardly have to get up early, _ we? 5.He used to live in Leeds, _ he

2、?,does he,No,need,dont,didnt,didnt/hadnt,do,didnt/ usednt,6.Lets go to the match at once, _ we? Leave me alone, _ you? 7.They must have learned to drive, _ they? 8.No one was hurt, _ _ ? 9.There is no doubt about it, _ ? 10.I dont think Anna has to go to school on Sundays, _ she?,shall,will/wont,hav

3、ent,were they,is there,does,11 . Something must be done to solve the problem , _ ? 12 . It is impossible for him to lift such a big stone , _ ? 13 . I wish to have a talk with you , _? 14 . What a beautiful mountain , _? 15 . Anny said that she would come to see me ,_?,mustnt it,isnt it,may I,isnt i

4、t,didnt she,练习题,1. He dares to tell the truth.（改为否定句） 2. They have lived here for more than ten years.（对画线部分提问） 3. There will be a sports meet at the end of this month, _?（完成反意疑问） 4. You must be careful with your pronunciation.（改为祈使句） 5. They went for a walk after supper yesterday evening.(改为一般疑问句),

5、1. He dares to tell the truth.（改为否定句） He doesnt dare to tell the truth. 或He dare not tell the truth. 2. They have lived here for more than ten years.（对画线部分提问） How long have they lived here?,4. You must be careful with your pronunciation.（改为祈使句） 4. Be careful with your pronunciation. 5. They went for

6、 a walk after supper yesterday evening.(改为一般疑问句) 5. Did they go for a walk after supper yesterday evening?,6. This magazine comes out（出版）every other week.（对画线部分提问） 7. They could hardly believe his words, _?（完成反意疑问） 8.Our English teacher is always encouraging us to speak English in class. （对画线部分提问）,6

7、. This magazine comes out（出版）every other week.（对画线部分提问） 6. How often does this magazine come out? 7. They could hardly believe his words, _?（完成反意疑问） 7. could they,8.Our English teacher is always encouraging us to speak English in class. （对画线部分提问） 8. Who is always encouraging us to speak English in c

8、lass?,Step 1,Step 2,Step 3,感叹句,祈使句,强调句,Contents,翻入前页,跳入后页,翻入前页,返回目录页,跳入后页,句子的种类二,本讲主要讲一下感叹句,祈使句,再顺便提一下强调句,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,一、感叹句注意事项：,感叹句往往由what和how引导。,感叹句用法很简单, How和What放句前； How与形、副词类连, What后面名词添； 主语谓语不用变, 省掉它们也常见。,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,How beautiful our school is! How kind my English teacher is! How fast

9、 Liu Xian runs! What beautiful flowers they are! What bad weather it is!,典型例子,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,当然，what 感叹句和how 感叹句有时可以互相转换。当What修饰单数可数名词时，如果这一名词有形容词修饰，也可用how引导感叹句，但不定冠词a或an 需放在形容词之后。,如：What a large factory！ = How large a factory it is!,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第、三人称祈使句两大类。 1第二

10、人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来，而是以动词原形开头。如： Stand up!,二、祈使句,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,但如果说话时有多人在场，就得把主语表示出来，或加称呼语，以便指明是向谁提出请求或发出命令。 如： Parents with children go the front! 带孩子的家长到前面去! Mary clean the windows，and you boys wash the floor! 玛丽擦窗户，你们男孩子洗地板! Come in，everybody! 每个人都进来!,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,有时

11、将主语表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、“厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪。 如： Dont you be late again! 你可别再迟到了! You get out of here! 你给我滚出去! Mind your own business，you! 你少管闲事!,翻入前页,返回目录页,跳入后页,2第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称和第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象，这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表建议。 如： Lets go! Let us go home! Let him be here by 10 oclock,祈使句的否定形式,含有第二人称的祈使句的否定句用dont/never

12、. Dont give up. Dont stay up too late, or youll feel tired. 以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Lets或Let usme后加not。 如： Lets not waste our time arguing about it! 咱们别浪费时间争论这事了! Lets not say anything about it! 这事咱们谁也别说! 但英式英语也用这样的表达：Dont lets say anything about it.,翻入前页,跳入后页,返回目录页,祈使句的强调形式,祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do。如： Do b

13、e careful! Do Stop talking! Do give my regards to your parents!务必一定代我向你父母问好!,祈使句用于两个重要句型中,1“祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。 2“祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，or(else)表示“否则；要不然”。 试比较： Hurry up and youll catch the train. (If you hurry up，youll catch the train) Hurry up，or youll miss the train(If you dont hu

14、rry up，youll miss the train),祈使句由直接引语变成间接引语,当祈使句由直接引语变成间接引语时，其常用结构为“askrequesttellorder sb(not)to do sth”。 如： “Speak loudly，please!” the teacher said to me(The teacher asked me to speak loudly) “Dont smoke in the meeting room!” he said to Tom(He told Tom not to smoke in the meeting room),三、强调句,我们学过的

15、强调句是it引导的句子。记住：一般来说，强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 who，其余用that. 句式是：It is (was) 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。 判断一个句子是否是强调句，只需看去掉It be that是否还是一个完整的句子。,It is (was) 被强调部分+that(who) + 句子其他部分。,Ann Peters husband rushed her to a nearby hospital last night. 昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去了附近的医院

16、。 强调主语 It was Ann Peters husband that (who) rushed her to a nearby hospital last night. 昨晚，正是安妮.彼德的丈夫，立即送她去了附近的医院。 强调宾语 It was her (she) that (who) Ann Peters husband rushed to a nearby hospital last night.昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送去附近的医院的是她， 强调状语 It was to a nearby hospital that Ann Peters husband rushed her la

17、st night.昨晚安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去的就是一家附近的的医院。 强调状语 It was last night that Ann Peters husband rushed her to a nearby hospital.就是在昨晚，安妮.彼德的丈夫立即送她去了附近的医院。,要点提示,当原句叙述的是现在或者将来发生的事情用“It is that”的句式；当原句叙述的是过去发生的事情则用“It was that ” 的句式。 在这种强调句式中，一般用that引出句子的其他部分。假如被强调的部分是表示人的意义的名词时，可以用who代替that引出句子的其他部分。 但是，无论被强调的部分是

18、表示地点、还是表示时间意义的名词，都不可以用where 或者when 。 假如被强调的部分是人称代词，应该用该人称代词的主格形式；在口语或非正式文体中也可以用其宾格形式。,要点提示,被强调的部分是主语时，注意句子的谓语动词和被强调的主语保持一致。 如： Itishewhoislate. Itistheythatwerelate.,要点提示,一般疑问句的强调句为 “Is(was)it+that?” 特殊疑问句为： “特殊疑问词+is(was)+that?” 如：Wasittenyearsagothathisfatherdied?（他的父亲是十年前去世的吗？） Whenisitthatyouwil

19、lsetoff? （你到底什么时候出发？）,“notuntil”句型的强调结构,“notuntil”句型的强调结构为“Itisnotuntilthat” 应注意把否定词not转移到until前面。 例1：Ididntgohomeuntilthe rainstopped. 强调句为： Itwasnotuntilthe rainstoppedthatIwenthome. 例2：Ididntknowthenewsuntilyesterday. 强调句为：ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIknewthenews.,1. It is twenty years _ Miss Feng

20、returned to China. A. that B. when C. since D. as,答案C.本题易误选为A(that). 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉It be that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 It is.that，只剩下ten years Miss Feng returned to China.不成句。因此本句不是强调句。,典型例子,强调,2. It is I _ wrong. who is B. that is C. who am D. am,强调句型为Itis/was+who/that 如强调句型指现在或未来的情况用Itis, 指过去用Itwas. 被强调部分

21、为人强调词可用who也可用that。被强调部分是主语时要注意主谓一致 。被强调部分为人称代词时，原句用什么格,强调句也用什么格。,强调,3. It is _ he often breaks the school rules _ makes his headteacher unsatisfied with him. what; that B. that; that C. that; what D. /; that,That he often breaks the school rules makes his headteacher unsatisfied with him.,被强调部分往往为句子

22、的主语、宾语、时间状语、地点状语等，但有时也可以强调比较复杂的内容。如时间状语从句、地点状语从句、notuntil结构、notonlybutalso和aswellas等结构。,强调,4.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoems recently_Ibegantoappreciatetheir beauty. A. that B. when C. which D. /,Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty onlywhenIrereadhispoems recently.,被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语、或原因状语时不可误用when,where或why，强调

23、词只可用that 。 ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterday. Itwasbecausehewasillthathe was late.,强调,5. -Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon? - Yes, thats right. A. when; on B. that; on C. which; in D. that; in,In 1969 the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.,

24、It was in 1969 that the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.,强调句型的一般疑问句结构 IsWasitwhothat?e.g.WasitduringtheSecondWorld Warthathedied?,强调,6. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that,强调句型的特殊疑问句结构特殊疑问

25、词 + iswasitwhothat?Wherewasitthatyoufoundyourlostpen? Who was it that broke the window?,强调,7. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. Not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go,He didnt go back home after

26、the experiment until midnight.,对由until引起的短语或从句强调，要注意否定前移。结构是：It is/was not untilthat,9. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to. A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom,EXERCISES,B,10.It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost

27、daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. that,D,11. It was there, the police believe, _ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag. A. until B. which C. that D. when,EXERCISES,C,12. I really dont know _ I had my money stolen. A. when was it that B. that it was when C. where it was that D