高三英语(理)《名词性从句专题复习》(课件).ppt

1、名词性从句,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。,I名词性从句的种类,1.When we will start is not clear. 2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do itright now. 4. I had no idea that you were herfriend.,主语从句,I名词性从句的种类,1.When we will start is not c

2、lear. 2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do itright now. 4. I had no idea that you were herfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,I名词性从句的种类,1.When we will start is not clear. 2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do itright now. 4

3、. I had no idea that you were herfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,I名词性从句的种类,1.When we will start is not clear. 2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do itright now. 4. I had no idea that you were herfriend.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I名词性从句的种类,1.When we will start is not

4、clear. 2. She wont believe that her son has become a thief. 3. My idea is that we should do itright now. 4. I had no idea that you were herfriend.,Subject clauses can be introduced by that, whether or questions words.,一主语从句,主语从句一般有两种结构：,Subject clauses can be introduced by that, whether or questions

5、 words.,一主语从句,主语从句一般有两种结构：,1. 主语从句+谓语,Subject clauses can be introduced by that, whether or questions words.,1). That he will succeed is certain. 2). What he said is not true. 3). Whether he will go there is not known. 4). Whoever comes is welcome. 5). When theyll start the project has not been deci

6、ded yet.,一主语从句,主语从句一般有两种结构：,1. 主语从句+谓语,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,1) _ you said yesterday is right. 2) _ she is still alive is a consolation.,3) _ he will succeed is certain. 4) _ I need is a good nights sleep.,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,1) _ you said yesterday is right. 2) _ she is still alive is a consola

7、tion.,3) _ he will succeed is certain. 4) _ I need is a good nights sleep.,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,1) _ you said yesterday is right. 2) _ she is still alive is a consolation.,3) _ he will succeed is certain.

8、4) _ I need is a good nights sleep.,What,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,1) _ you said yesterday is right. 2) _ she is still alive is a consolation.,3) _ he will succeed is certain. 4) _ I need is a good nights sleep

9、.,What,That,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,1) _ you said yesterday is right. 2) _ she is still alive is a consolation.,3) _ he will succeed is certain. 4) _ I need is a good nights sleep.,What,That,That,that 只起连接作用，

10、无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别,1) _ you said yesterday is right. 2) _ she is still alive is a consolation.,3) _ he will succeed is certain. 4) _ I need is a good nights sleep.,What,That,That,What,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分, 且在

11、宾语从句中有时可省。what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,主语从句一般有两种结构：,1. 主语从句+谓语,一主语从句,主语从句一般有两种结构：,1. 主语从句+谓语,2. it 做形式主语,一主语从句,主语从句一般有两种结构：,1. 主语从句+谓语,2. it 做形式主语,一主语从句,(1) It is 名词从句 It is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸 (2) it is 形容词从句 It is natural that很自然It is strange that奇怪的是 (3)

12、 it is 不及物动词从句 It seems that似乎 It happened that碰巧 (4) it 过去分词从句 It is reported that It has been proved that已证实,主语从句一般有两种结构：,1. 主语从句+谓语,2. it 做形式主语,It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构。例如： It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. It doesnt interest me whether you succeed or not.,一主语从句,(1) It is 名词从句 It

13、is a fact that 事实是It is an honor that 非常荣幸 (2) it is 形容词从句 It is natural that很自然It is strange that奇怪的是 (3) it is 不及物动词从句 It seems that似乎 It happened that碰巧 (4) it 过去分词从句 It is reported that It has been proved that已证实,二宾语从句,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。,二宾语从句,宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在

14、主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。,1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： She did not know what had happened. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my invitation.,二宾语从句,宾语从句就

15、是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。,1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如： I heard that he joined the army. (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如： She did not know what had happened. I wonder whether you can change this note for me. (3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句。例如： She told me that she would accept my inv

16、itation.,2. 作介词的宾语，例如： Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate(合作）with one another.,3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.,3. 作形容词的宾语，例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. I am sure (that) he will win the game.,4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不

17、仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.,5. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： _我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。,5. 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, bel

18、ieve, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如： _我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。,I dont think the dress fits you well,宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略： （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语 时，第二个that不能省； （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The r

19、eason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.,连接词that的省略。,三表语从句,表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain,seem等。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：,三表语从句,表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是

20、“主语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain,seem等。另外，常用的还有the reason is that 和It is because 等结构。例如：,The question is whether we can rely on him. Thats because we were in need of money at that time . He looked as if he was going to cry . Thats why I was late .,四同位语从句,同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。,四同位语从句,1

21、. 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如： 1) The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.,同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。,2. 同位语常跟在以下抽象名词之后 1)The idea that computers can recognize hum

22、an voices surprises many people .,四同位语从句,idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem；news；decision; hope; order; possibility；suggest; advice等,2. 同位语常跟在以下抽象名词之后 1)The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people .,四同位语从句,3. 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如： 1)He got the

23、 news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 2)Word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them .,idea ；belief ； fact ； truth ； problem；news；decision; hope; order; possibility；suggest; advice等,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1. We heard the news that our team had won. 2. We must face the fact t

24、hat we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1. We heard the news that our team had won. 2. We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The

25、 news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,同位语从句,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1. We heard the news that our team had won. 2. We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday

26、was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,同位语从句,同位语从句,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1. We heard the news that our team had won. 2. We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no do

27、ubt that he will come soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1. We heard the news that our team had won. 2. We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come

28、 soon. 5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句 1. We heard the news that our team had won. 2. We must face the fact that we had spent all our money. 3. The news that he told me yesterday was false. 4. I have no doubt that he will come soon. 5. The f

29、act is that we have spent all our money.,同位语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,表语从句,名词性从句考点归纳 :,考点一：名词性从句中that与what的区别 考点二：名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式 宾语 考点三：名词性从句的语序 考点四：名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别 考点五：疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与 no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 考点六：名词性从句的虚拟语气,考点一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别 考例: _ we cant get seems better than _ we

30、 have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; thatD. That; what,考点一:考查名词性从句中that与what的区别 考例: _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; thatD. That; what,that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当 任何成分, 且在宾语从句中有时可省。what 既起连接作用, 又在从句中作 主语, 宾语, 表语 (且在名词性从句中只有what可作表语）,考点一:考查名词性从句中that与

31、what的区别 考例: _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; thatD. That; what,考点二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语 考例1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,考点二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语 考例1: _ is a fact that English

32、 is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,考点二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语 考例1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 考例2: I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them,

33、考点二:考查名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语 考例1: _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It 考例2: I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. this D. them,考点三:考查名词性从句的语序 考例:The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village loo

34、k likeB. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,考点三:考查名词性从句的语序 考例:The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,考点三:考查名词性从句的语序 考例:

35、The photographs will show you _ . A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,分析:在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序。,考点四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别 考例1: _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. IfB. Whet

36、herC. ThatD. Where 考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why,考例3: It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for,考点四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别 考例1: _ well go camping tomorrow depend

37、s on the weather. A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where 考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why,考例3: It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for,考点四:考查名词性从句中的whether, if以及that的区别 考例1: _ w

38、ell go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where 考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why,考例3: It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for,考点四:考查名词性从句中

39、的whether, if以及that的区别 考例1: _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where 考例2: What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why,考例3: It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B.

40、that C. if D. for,2. 表语从句，如：,3. 同位语从句，如：,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。 但在下列情况下，只用whether 不能被用if ： 1. 主语从句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,3. 同位语从句，如：,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。 但在下列情况下，只用whether 不能被用if ： 1. 主语从句,Whether he will come

41、is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位语从句，如：,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。 但在下列情况下，只用whether 不能被用if ： 1. 主语从句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位语从句，如：,The question whether hell

42、attend the meeting is not decided.,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。 但在下列情况下，只用whether 不能被用if ： 1. 主语从句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位语从句，如：,The question whether hell attend the meeting is not decided.,4. 从句作介词的宾语

43、，如：,Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money.,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。 但在下列情况下，只用whether 不能被用if ： 1. 主语从句,Whether he will come is unknown.,2. 表语从句，如：,The question is whether you should accept it.,3. 同位语从句，如：,The question whether he

44、ll attend the meeting is not decided.,4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：,Im not interested in whether theyll go or not. It depends on whether we have got enough money.,5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：,She hasnt decided whether to go or not.,whether 与 if 均为 “是否” 的意思。 但在下列情况下，只用whether 不能被用if ： 1. 主语从句,请你归纳,只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,请你归纳,a. 主

45、语从句,只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,请你归纳,a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句,只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,请你归纳,a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句,只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,请你归纳,a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句,只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,请你归纳,a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. 直接加动词不定式只能用whether (to do),只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,请你归纳,a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句

46、c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. 直接加动词不定式只能用whether (to do) g whether or not 直接连用时不用if,只能使用whether 的情况：,请你归纳,考点五:疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,考例2: Sarah hopes to become a frie

47、nd of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,考点五:疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her i

48、nterests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,考点五:疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句及其与no matter+疑问词引导的从句的区别 考例 1:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever,考例2: Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone

49、B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who,No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.,no matter who/what与whoever /whatever,Whoever destroys the forest will be punished .,No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.,（ 错 ）,no matter who/what与whoever /whatever,Whoever destroys the forest will be punished .,No matter who destroys the forest will be punished.,（ 错 ）,no matter who/what与whoever /whatev