Unit-1-College-Life123.ppt

1、Unit 1 College Life,A.University of Cambridge,B.University of Oxford,C.Harvard University,D.University of California，Berkeley,E.Massachusetts Institute of Technology,J. Imperial College of London略,F.Stanford University (USA)略,G.University of Tokyo略,H.Princeton University (USA)略,I. California Institu

2、te of Technology略,Top ten universities in the world,Britains University of Cambridge has topped the list，making it the best university in the world for science. In 2009，the university will celebrate its 800th anniversary，making it one of the worlds oldest universities. Cambridge is the largest unive

3、rsity in the United Kingdom(over 100 department，faculties and schools).Its contribution to the world has ranged from the discovery of the mechanism of blood circulation to the structure of DNA，from the great philosophers of the early 15th century to the groundbreaking work of its many Nobel Prize wi

4、nners (more than 60 distinguished names feature on the list),The University of Oxford is one of the oldest English-speaking universities. It can lay claim to nine centuries of documented existence. According to the universitys website，there is no clear date of foundation，but teaching existed at Oxfo

5、rd in some form in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167，when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. Except for St. Hildaswhich continues to remain an all-women collegeall of Oxfords 39 colleges now admit both men and women.,Harvard University is ranked No.3 among th

6、e top ten universities in the world. Harvard College was established in 1636 and was named for its first benefactor(捐助者) John Harvard of Charlestown. Harvard was a young minister who，on his death in 1638，left his library and half his estate to the newly established institution. It is the oldest inst

7、itution of higher learning in the United States. Seven presidents of the United States (John Adams，John Quincy Adams，Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt，Rutherford B Hayes，John Fitzgerald Kennedy and George W Bush)were graduates of Harvard.Its faculty has produced 40 Nobel laureates (戴桂冠的人).,The

8、roots of the University of California go back to the gold rush days of 1849，when the drafters of the states constitution required the legislature to encourage by all suitable means the promotion of intellectual，scientific，moral and agricultural improvement of the people of California. The university

9、 that was born nearly 20 years lateron March 23，1868was the product of a merger between the College of California(a private institution)and the Agricultural，Mining，and Mechanical Arts College. Among other things，the university is credited with the isolation of the human polio virus and the discovery

10、 of all artificial elements heavier than uranium. Eighteen members of the Berkeley faculty have been awarded Nobel Prizes for these and subsequent discoveries，as well as in literature and economics.,Its probably one of the most famous universities in the world. But did you know its founder，William B

11、arton Rogers，apparently never received a degree? In 1853，he moved to Boston，where he enlisted the support of the scientific community to create an institution for technical and scientific education. It was largely through his efforts that the Massachusetts Institute of Technology was born in 1861. T

12、oday，the Institute has more than 900 faculty and 10,000 undergraduate and graduate students. It is organized into five SchoolsArchitecture and Planning，Engineering，Humanities，Arts and Social Sciences，Management and Scienceand the Whitaker College of Health Sciences and Technology.,Fifty-nine current

13、 or former members of the MIT community have won the Nobel Prize. The U.S. News fellowship 陪伴 I hope we will have the pleasure of your company at dinner. 我希望有幸请你赴宴。 2）keep sb. company 陪伴某人 e.g He stayed at home to keep his wife company . keep company with sb. 与某人交往 3）= corporation a limited liabilit

14、y company 有限责任公司 accompany v. 1) 陪伴，陪同 Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult . 14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪伴。 2）伴随 Lightening always accompany thunders. 闪电通常伴随打雷。,figure out 想出，弄清楚，了解,I cant figure out why he quit his job. 我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。 I cant figure out why he is absent. 我弄不明白他为什么缺席。 It didnt take t

15、he children long to figure out the correct answer. 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案。,rely on 依赖，依靠,depend on/ count on In China nearly all students rely on their parents for tuition. 在中国，几乎所有的学生都靠父母为他们交学费。 Dont rely on him to do anything. Hes just a talker. 什么事都不要依靠他他光会说空话。,on ones own独立地，独自地，主动地,The poor old la

16、dy has lived on her own for 20 years. 这位可怜的老妇人已独自生活了20年。 I was able to finish the job on my own. 我能独自地把工作做完。,take advantage of 利用，占便宜,You should take advantage of every opportunity to improve yourself. 你应该利用每个机会提高自己。 Men take advantage of women when kissing. 男人在接吻时占女人的便宜。,focus on集中,We must concentr

17、ate our attention on efficiency. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。 He focused his eyes on me. 他注视着我。,adapt to 适应,As freshmen, you should adapt to the new environment. 作为新生，你们得适应新的环境。 adapt oneself to /adjust oneself to 使自己适应,in addition另外，此外,In addition, they eat a great deal of fruit. 此外，他们还吃了大量的水果。 in addition to 除

18、之外，还 In addition to English, we offer some other courses to the students. 除了英语课，我们还为学生开设了一些其他的课程。,besides, except, except for, but 的区别,这四个介词或者短语都可以表示“除了”的意思。 except用于表示同类事物之间的关系，其意为除以外、除去。后面可接名词、代词、动词、副词、介词短语和从句等。如： We have an English lesson every day except Sunday. 除星期天外，我们每天有一堂英语课。 except for用于表示对

19、主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同类事物之间的关系，其意思为： 除了以外。如： Smith is a good man, except for his bad temper. 史密斯除了脾气不好外，是个好人。 he movie was good except for the ending. 这部电影除了结尾之外都很好。 besides表示“除了还有”的意思，表示包含在内；,Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in brackets,We have all been _ (anxiety)about his

20、safety since he want to the wild forest for a trip.,anxious,2 He likes to _ (participation)in all kinds of activities on campus.,participate,The expert _ (analysis)the meat and found it contained too much water.,analyzed,He is eager to know the result of the _ (analysis) of the samples of the new pr

21、oducts.,analysis,4 This professor is famous for his _ (academic)research.,academic,Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words and phrases given in the box,bond voice passive explore balance key figure out focus on adapt to take advantage of,Jogging three kilometres every morning is the _ t

22、o keeping fit for the professor.,key,passive,adapted to,2. In spite of the teachers efforts the students remained _ in class.,3. My daughter soon _ herself _ the college life.,4. I couldnt _ out who the man with a walking stick was.,figure,balance,bonds,5. You should _ the advantages of living downt

23、own against the disadvantages before buying your new apartment.,6. He has built _ of friendship with his new colleagues.,focus on,7. Some students couldnt _ all their attention _ listening to the teacher in class.,8. The scientists are going to _ the Antarctic(南极的)regions next month.,explore,voiced,

24、taking advantage of,9. People at all levels have _ different opinions about the new public transportation policy.,10. The villagers are _ their natural resources to better their life.,Translate the following sentences,It will make your English learning easier if you have access to the Internet.,如果你已

25、经_，就会使你_更容易。,如果你已经有博士学位了，就会更容易找到工作。,It will make your _ easier if you already _ .,It will make. if you already. 如果你已经，就会使你,能上网,学英语,finding a job,have a doctors degree,You are no longer a little girl who just depends on your parents.,你不再是一个只_了。,她不再是一个只懂演戏的不知名的女演员了。,She is no longer _ who just _.,You

26、are no longer. who just. 你不再是一个只,依靠父母的小女孩,an unknown actress,knows acting,Now that you.，you should no longer. 既然你已经了，就不能再了。,既然你已经_，就不能再_了。 既然你已经恢复了健康，就不能再继续像以前那样酗酒了。,Now that you _，you can no longer _.,长大了,惹父母生气,have recovered,go on drinking as before,Now that you have been grown up, you should no l

27、onger make your parents angry.,虽然让_，但重要的是你要_。,While it is good to _，it is important that you_.,While it is good to ask your children to learn many things， it is important that you develop their interests and creativity.,虽然你能提前完成任务很好，但重要的是你要保证工作质量。,While it is good to.,it is important that you. 虽然很好，

28、但重要的是你要,孩子多学习东西很好,培养他们的兴趣和创造力,finish the task in advance,ensure the quality of your work,如果你不是_,你很可能需要_。,Unless you _，you most likely will_.,Unless you are coming from the north，you most likely will need to get used to the cold weather here.,如果你不努力学习，你很可能期末考试通不过。,Unless you are.,you most likely will

29、 need to. 如果你不是，你很可能需要,来自北方,适应这里的寒冷天气,work hard,not/fail to pass the final examination,形容词和副词（Adjectives and adverbs),一 形容词,形容词是用来修饰或限定名词或代词的词。它可以用来描述人或事物的性质、状态和特征，在句中可以作定语、表语和补语，如：He is such an honest person that we all trust him. 他很诚实，我们大家都信任他。（作定语）It is important for college students to master En

30、glish. 掌握英语对大学生们来说是重要的。（作表语）The evidence proved him innocent. 证据证明他是无辜的。（作补语）,(一)形容词的用法,形容词前置形容词作定语时通常位于被修饰词之前，如：a clean classroom， an attractive lady， a fashionable dress形容词后置在下列情况下，形容词通常位于被修饰词之后：1)当形容词修饰由some，any，every，no 等词构成的不定代词 时，如： Anyone responsible can be in charge of this project. 任何有责任感的人

31、都能负责这个项目。2)当充当定语的是形容词短语时，如： They are looking for employees good at computer. 他们正在招聘擅长计算机的员工。3)当形容词与表示度量的词或词组连用时，如： ten meters long，two years old，ten feet deep,(二)形容词的位置,1,2,(三)多个形容词前置作定语时的排列顺序,多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词数词描绘词(短词在前长词在后)表特征的形容词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）出处表类属的形容词（专有形容词，表材料和质地的形容词），如：that black American

32、car，a small round wooden table，a beautiful green silky dress,二 副词,副词是一种用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的词，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词在句中主要充当状语，有时也可以用作表语和补语，如：It is snowing outside; youd better drive carefully. 外面在下雪，你最好小心驾驶。（作状语）Nobody was home yesterday. 昨天家里没有人。（作表语）I want to ask you out tonight. 我今晚想约你出去。（作补语）,(一)副词的用法,

33、副词在句中的位置比较灵活，现将几种常见情况归纳如下：副词修饰动词时通常位于动词之后，如有宾语则位于宾语之后（如果宾语部分较长，副词也可以放在动词与宾语之间），如：You should do your homework carefully.你应该认真做作业。表示否定或频度的副词通常置于普通动词之前，但要放在助动词，系动词之后，如：I always go to visit my parents at weekends.我总是在周末去看望父母。副词修饰形容词或副词通常放在该形容词或副词的前面，如：I am particularly curious about this strange phenome

34、non.我对于这种奇怪的现象尤其感到好奇。注：enough修饰形容词或副词时，位于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。修饰全句的副词通常位于句首，有时也可以放在句尾，如：Unfortunately I failed in the exam.很遗憾，我考试没及格。,(二)副词的位置,1,2,3,4,多个时间副词或地点副词连用时，要遵循小单位在前，大单位在后的原则，如：I came to the United States in December 1990. 我于1990年12月来到美国。多个方式副词连用时，短的在前，长的在后，并用and，but等连词连接，如:A calculator can calcul

35、ate fast and correctly. 计算器算得又快又准。不同类别的副词连用时，要遵循程度副词地点副词方式副词时间副词的顺序，如：He was born in Beijing twenty years ago. 他20年前出生于北京。,(三)多个副词的排列顺序,1,2,3,三 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级,(一) 比较级和最高级的构成 注意：有些形容词，副词的比较级和最高级变化 是不规则的，需要个别记忆，如：,(二)比较级、最高级的用法,(三)比较级的用法,同级比较：as+adj./adv.+as，not so+adj./adv.+as（常用于否定句中）表示：“和一样”， 如：Thi

36、s room is as big as that one.这个房间和那个房间一样大。I cannot run so fast as Tom.我跑得不如汤姆快。当有表示倍数的词修饰时，倍数词位于同级比较结构之前，具体句型可以总结为：A is n times as great（long，much，.）as B.A是B的n倍，或A比B大（长、多,）n-1倍。如：The room is three times as big as that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。）,1,比较级：adj./adv.的比较级形式+than，如： He studies harder t

37、han I(do). 他学习比我用功。比较级前可用much，a lot，far，a little等表示程度的词以及由“数词名词”构成的名词短语来修饰，如： He studies much harder than I(do). 他学习比我用功得多。 My sister is three years younger than I. 我妹妹比我小三岁。表示倍数的词修饰比较级时，倍数词同样位于比较结构之前，具体句型可总结为： A is n times greater （longer， more，.）than B.译为：A比B大（长、多,）n倍。或A是B的n+1倍。 My books are twice

38、 more than hers. 我的书比她的书多两倍。（我的书是她的书的三倍。）,2,比较级的其他常用结构：1) “比较级 and 比较级”表示“越来越”，如： Peoples life is becoming better and better. 人们的生活变得越来越好。 2)“the 比较级，the比较级”表示“越就越”，如： The more haste，the less speed. 欲速不达。,最高级用于三者或三者以上之间进行比较，其结构为“the最高级”，句中一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语或从句，如：Tom is the tallest student in our class.

39、 汤姆是我们班个子最高的学生。This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。,(四)最高级的用法,Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attention to the italic words,Due to his carelessness，Tom is the last person for this job. _ He is the last one to arrive at the airport. _,None of th

40、em challenged the validity of those agreements. _ Yesterday he challenged me to a tennis match and I accepted it. _,汤姆太粗心了，他是最不适合做这项工作的人。,他是最后一个到机场的人。,没有一个人对那些协议的有效性产生异议。,他昨天提出和我比赛网球，我欣然接受挑战。,As it became colder，heavy clothes began to take off. _ The plane will take off in half an hour. _,Can you ca

41、sh this check for me now? _ In some stores，customers have to pay in cash. _,随着天气变冷，厚衣服开始流行。,飞机半小时后起飞。,你能现在帮我兑现这张支票吗？,在有些商店，顾客不得不用现金购买。,An expert valued the painting at $2,000. _ The value of this painting has doubled since he bought it. _,一位专家给这幅画估价两千美元。,这幅画的价值和购买时相比已经翻番了。,在日常生活中，我们常常会填写一些包含个人信息的英文表格，如：