英语语法实训教程unit2非谓语动词.ppt

1、Unit 2Non-Finite Verbs非谓语动词,I. Grammar Learning II. Grammar Practice,Grammar Learning,1.Introduction of Non-Finite Verbs 2. Non-Finite Verb types 3. Examples,1. Introduction of Non-Finite Verbs,The Non-finite verbs refer to a verb form which plays a role other than the predicate in a sentence. The N

2、on-finite verbs are also a kind of verbs, embodied with some characteristics of verbs and serving as subject, object, and adverbial modifier and so on in the sentence. The Non-finite verbs and predicate verbs are a set of opposite concepts.,2. Non-Finite Verb types,动词不定式 现在分词 过去分词 动名词,3. Examples,3.

3、1 动词不定式 动词不定式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、状语和补语 等。 To err is human, to forgive, divine. When to start has not been decided. It always pays to tell the truth. Mr. Chairman, I beg to move that the meeting be adjourned. He feels it his duty to help others. We are sorry to leave. The duties of a postman are to d

4、eliver letters and newspaper. That is for you to decide. This house seems to have been built by a good architect. He is the first man to come and the last to leave the office. This problem is difficult to solve. I have nothing to say on this question.,He will go to the clinic to be examined by the d

5、octor. I will write down his telephone number so as not to forget it. In order to make a study of the kangaroo, He came to Australia. In 1935 he left home never to return. The tea is too hot to drink. The room was found to be empty. We believe her to be innocent. He gave the order to start the attac

6、k. I stayed there to see what would happen,3.2 现在分词 现在分词在句中可用作表语、定语、状语、补语等。 Her work is nursing children. He asked an embarrassing question. Do you know the number of people coming to the party? He went out shutting the door behind him. Being sick I stayed at home. He sat in the armchair, reading th

7、e newspaper. I felt the house shaking. Can you get the clock going again? He was seen going upstairs. The question being settled, we went home. We went into a large waiting room with a large fan spinning overhead. The house being built is a big project. Not having met him, I cannot tell you what he

8、is like.,3.3 过去分词 过去分词在句子用作表语、定语、状语、补语等。 Never touch an electric wire when it is broken. Did you pay a visit to a tomb of the unknown soldier. Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, have never seen a train. Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent. United, we stand; divided, we f

9、all. The fire is reported controlled. He was seen angered at the delay. This done, we went home. The dispossessed are demanding the rights.,3.4 动名词 动名词的构成与现在分词一样，但它在句子中的功能和分词 有所不同，可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语等。 Saving is having. It is no use/useless/no good objecting. This is not playing the game. I suggest do

10、ing it in a different way. She has a strong objection to leaving early. What can prevent us (from) getting married. They set up an operating table in a small temple. I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. Excuse my interrupting you. Sophias having seen them do not surprise us. He prided himself on h

11、aving never/not having been beaten in chess.,His explanation sounds all right. He stood still except that his lips moved a little bit. 3.3 助动词 助动词本身无词汇意义，不能单独作谓语，须要和主要 动词组成复合谓语。它们有 be, do, have, shall (should), will (would)等。 The child is crying because he has been stung by a bee. When do we meet ag

12、ain? I do not care what she thinks. We shall go unless it rains. John told us Mary would be coming back the next day.,3.4 情态动词 情态动词词义不完全，不能单独作谓语，只能和实 义动词构成谓语。它们有shall (should), will (would), can, could, may, might, must, need, dare, ought to, have to, used to等 You should always wash your hands befor

13、e you eat. A frighten bear will maul campers. Would you like another glass of beer? She can speak several languages. He might have gone to the gas station, but I am not sure. You should have been here five minutes ago.,Grammar Practice,Case Study Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3,Sample 1,A) Dear Sir or Ma

14、dam, Our firm is interest in the project. As you know, it is our line of business 1) _ tenders and we are all 2) _in the construction field and have just recently 3) _ a container ship harbor in the south China. Sincerely yours,tender v. n. 投标,container n. 集装箱,to participate in,well-experienced,buil

15、t,Sample 1,A) 亲爱的先生/女士： 我公司对这项工程感兴趣，参加投标是我们的本行，此外我们在建筑领域经验丰富，最近刚在中国南方建设了一个集装箱码头。我们是最有竞争力的投标人之一，并想多了解一些参加投标的要求。 您真诚的，,Sample 1,B) Dear Sir or Madam, Our factory had 1) _ the printing technology by 2) _ in the most advanced workmanship and equipment. We advocate 3) _ technology and high productivity.

16、Our products enjoy stable quality and beautiful patterns. Sincerely yours,updated,bringing,sophisticated,Sample 1,B) 亲爱的先生/女士： 我们工厂引进了最先进的工艺和设备来提高印花技术，我们倡导高科技和高生产力。 产品质量稳定，花样美观。 您真诚的，,Sample 2,Dear Sirs, Thank you for your letter of June 6, 1) _(offer) us the 2) _ (caption) goods at $20 per dozen CI

17、F London. In reply, we very much regret to state that we find your price rather high and out of line with the 3) _ (prevail) market level. Information 4) _ (indicate) that some parcels of Japanese may have been sold at the level of $16.5 per dozen. So if you should reduce your price by, say 5%, we m

18、ight come to terms. 5) _ (consider) our long-standing businesses relationship, we make you such a counter-offer. As the market is declining, we sincerely hope you will consider our counter-offer and cable us at your earliest convenience.,caption n. 标题；vt. 给.加标题,offering,captioned,prevailing,indicate

19、s,Considering,Complete the following passage with the words from bracket. Change the words forms if necessary,Sample 2,亲爱的先生： 感谢贵方6月6日函报我方上诉货物的伦敦到岸价为每打20美元。 兹复，我们非常抱歉地奉告，贵方价格偏高，与现行市价水平不一致。有消息说一些日本货物以每打16.5美元售出。故请贵方能够同意降低货物价格，比方说5%,这样我们或许能成交。 考虑到我们之间长期的贸易关系，我方作了一点还价。由于市场日趋疲软，我们非常真诚地希望贵方能考虑我们的还盘，并请将结果

20、尽快电告我方。 您真诚的，,Sample 3,Dear Mr. Brown, We warmly welcome your enquiry of March 17 and 1) thank you for your interesting in our cotton piece goods. 2) We are enclosing our illustrated catalogue and price list give the details you ask for. 3) Specialized in this line for a long time, we are well conne

21、cted with many customers in our country. At present, we are interest in back cushion fine in quality and low in price. It will be highly appreciated if you could send us some brochures and samples for our reference and 4) quote your lowest price on CIF basis include our 3% commission. We are looking

22、 forward to your early reply. Sincerely yours, John Smith Sales Manager Notes: illustrated catalogue 有图示的商品目录 enclose 随信附上 be well connected with 与某人有密切联系 We think you are well connected with the local buyers. cushion n. 垫子，软垫；back cushion 靠背垫 我们相信你们与当地买家有密切联系。 quote v. 报价；to quote sb. a price for s

23、th. 给某人报价 commission 佣金,Correct the following underlined sentences into proper forms.,Sample 3,布朗先生， 欢迎您3月17日的询盘，感谢您对我们的商品感兴趣。我们随信附寄我们的图示商品目录和价目表以提供您所要的详情。我们在此行业经营多年，与我国的许多客户有着密切的联系。 日前我们对质优价廉的靠背垫很感兴趣，贵公司如能寄给我们一些商品小册及样品供我方参考，并报包含我方3%佣金的CIF 最低价，我们将不胜感激。 您真诚的， 销售部经理 约翰斯密斯,Task 1,Complete the following

24、 passage with the right word. Dear Sir, Thank you for your promptness in 1) _ us the knives information we requested. We are glad to report that all of your information 2) _ favorably of you as a good businessman. Owing to the 3) _ transportation fee, we hope that you could cut your price to half. W

25、e would make a promise, 4) _you to have knives orders monthly. By 5) _orders frequently, you can absolutely obtain huge profits.,sending,spoke,increasing,entitling,receiving,Task 1,敬启者， 感谢你们及时回复我们所需的小刀信息。我们会反映你们所有信息并认为您是一名优秀的商人。由于增长的运输费用，我们希望贵方能将费用减半。我们承诺每月都下小刀的订单。贵方可通过每月固定的下单而实现利益。 您真诚的，,Task 2,Dea

26、r Mr. Jones, We thank you for your letter of September 25 requested us to effect insurance on the caption shipment for your account. We are pleased inform you that we have covered the shipment with the Peoples Insurance Company of China against All Risk for $ 90 000.The policy is preparing according

27、ly and will forward to you by the end of the week together with our debit note for the premium. Sincerely yours,Correct the mistakes in the following passages.,requesting,captioned,to inform,will be forwarded,Task 2,亲爱的琼斯先生： 谢谢你方9月25日来函，要求我方对标题货物代办保险。我们很高兴通知您，我们已为上述货物向中国人民保险投保了一切险，保险金额为90 000美元。保单正在

28、准备中，可望在本周底与保险费的借方结账单一并寄给你方。 您真诚的，,Task 3,Complete the following passage. Dear Mr. Blue, Thank you for your e-mail 1) _ _（告知上周运抵之货物有误). We send our sincere apologies. After 2) _ (经与我公司出口部确认) you were billed for 50 000 pieces of magnetic heads. 3) _ (问题出现) when our export department mislabeled your ca

29、rtons and your shipment went to another buyer. The 50 000 pieces of magnetic heads you ordered 4) _ _ (将于今日发运). As far as the shipment of microphones we sent to you in error is concerned, you can return them to us and 5)_(我公司将支付运费). Sincerely yours,telling us about the mistake in our,shipment to you last week,checking with our export department I found,The problem arose,are being,shipped/will be shipped to you today,we will pay the shipping charge,Task 3,尊敬的布鲁先生： 贵公司通知上周运抵之货物有误的电子邮件已收悉，我公司为此深表歉意。经与我公司出口部确认，提单列明之货物